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From: jquinn-at-www.matscieng.sunysb.edu
Date: Sat, 1 Sep 2007 11:57:46 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] re: oxygen deprivation

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Folks

I cannot imagine the "safety czars" being more concerned about
oxygen deprivation from a nitrogen tank, when we already have
a dozen nitrogen, argon, and helium cylinders in the lab.

Even with the best filtered in-house compressed air, I would never
trust it over tanked N2 extra-dry, prepure, or commercial.

Just my two cents..........

JQuinn



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} Date: Fri, 31 Aug 2007 16:28:35 -0500
} To: jquinn-at-www.matscieng.sunysb.edu
} From: paul_hazelton-at-umanitoba.ca
} Reply-to: paul_hazelton-at-umanitoba.ca
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} Gary et al
}
} The idea of nitrogen gas is good, but may run afoul of the safety
} people. about 20 years ago I convinced a new department chair that the
} cost and inconvenience of the air cans dictated a change. Safety people
} were very iffy about the use of Nitrogen, they felt it presented a
} safety risk for oxygen deprivation from rooms it would be used in. They
} suggested using the building's compressed air system. All we did was
} put a filter in the line to remove oil and particulates - needed it for
} our Airfuge anyway. Now I have three plug-ins around the lab, a coiled
} line and a pistol with different nozzles that came from the local auto
} supply store. Works great, no fees for nitrogen, or tank rentals.
}
} Paul
}
}
} Paul R. Hazelton, PhD
} Electron Microscope Unit
} University of Manitoba
} Department of Medical Microbiology
} 531 Basic Medical Sciences Building
} 730 William Avenue
} Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3E 0W3
} e-mail: paul_hazelton-at-umanitoba.ca
} Phone:204-789-3313
} Pager:204-931-9354
} Cell:204-781-1502
} Fax:204-789-392
}
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From: donovan-at-uoregon.edu
Date: Sat, 1 Sep 2007 12:39:55 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] oxygen deprivation

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All,
Our new underground analytical facility is going on-line next month:

http://giving.uoregon.edu/i/facilities_index.php

We are using ultra dry compressed air to feed a nitrogen generator
that will provide 12 liters/minutes of 99.995 N2 (model 96-97NA).
Cost about $15K, but no more N2 bottles to lug around! I realize that
12 liters per minutes isn't all that impressive, but we will have a
fairly large piping system volume as a reservoir. Mostly this will be
used as a dry vent gas, but some instruments want an oxygen free
vent, so we have to go this route.

http://www.parker.com/balston/AGS/cat/english/AGScatalogcomplete.pdf

If one runs the 12 lpm calculation in a normal size room, there's not
much danger. Nevertheless we are installing flammable gas and oxygen
level sensors since we can't simply open a window. They aren't that expensive.
john

At 10:05 AM 9/1/2007, you wrote:

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From: opmills-at-mtu.edu
Date: Sun, 2 Sep 2007 16:17:56 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: Struers Polectrol Manual

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Email: opmills-at-mtu.edu
Name: Owen Mills

Organization: Mich Tech Univ

Title-Subject: [Filtered] Struers Polectrol Manual

Question: Does anyone have a manual for the Polectrol electropolisher? I'm happy to pay copy and shipping costs. thanks Owen Mills, Mich Tech

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From: benada-at-biomed.cas.cz
Date: Mon, 3 Sep 2007 02:01:28 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Compustage Problem

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Hello,
Today morning when our Philips CM100 was started after weekend "Stand-by" the starting
procedure stopped at Compustage calibration step.
The message on OPCON: "MESSAGE: Remove Specimen Holder and Press READY"
However, when the READY button was pressed, the error beep was generated and
compustage calibrating procedure did not continue.
Other microscope function are not affected.
Please, could anybody give us any advice or hint?
Thanking you in advance
Oldrich

------------------------------
Oldrich Benada
Institute of Microbiology v.v.i. Acad. Sci. CR
Videnska 1083
142 20 Prague 4
Czech Republic


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From: oshel1pe-at-cmich.edu
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 07:17:16 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] re: oxygen deprivation

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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I can.
I've run into more than one safety czar who would express exactly the
concern that Paul mentions. I had an interesting enough time here
just with the idea of carrying a 1 liter flask of LN2 to a classroom
where it was needed.
Recall that there are two fundamental kinds of safety hazards: those
that involve potentially dangerous chemicals and equipment, and are
safety risks, and those that involve bureaucrats and are
administrative risks. Not necessarily the same thing.

But, more to the point: nitrogen lines and compressed gas lines are
good ideas, but only where they either already exist or there is the
budget to install them. So, for those of us who have neither of
those, does anyone have an answer to Gary's original question? Are
there good, clean-enough-for-optics, cans of compressed air/gas?

Phil

} Folks
}
} I cannot imagine the "safety czars" being more concerned about
} oxygen deprivation from a nitrogen tank, when we already have
} a dozen nitrogen, argon, and helium cylinders in the lab.
}
} Even with the best filtered in-house compressed air, I would never
} trust it over tanked N2 extra-dry, prepure, or commercial.
}
} Just my two cents..........
}
} JQuinn
}
} } Gary et al
} }
} } The idea of nitrogen gas is good, but may run afoul of the safety
} } people. about 20 years ago I convinced a new department chair that the
} } cost and inconvenience of the air cans dictated a change. Safety people
} } were very iffy about the use of Nitrogen, they felt it presented a
} } safety risk for oxygen deprivation from rooms it would be used in. They
} } suggested using the building's compressed air system. All we did was
} } put a filter in the line to remove oil and particulates - needed it for
} } our Airfuge anyway. Now I have three plug-ins around the lab, a coiled
} } line and a pistol with different nozzles that came from the local auto
} } supply store. Works great, no fees for nitrogen, or tank rentals.
} }
} } Paul
} }
} }
} } Paul R. Hazelton, PhD
} } Electron Microscope Unit
} } University of Manitoba
} } Department of Medical Microbiology
} } 531 Basic Medical Sciences Building
} } 730 William Avenue
} } Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3E 0W3
} } e-mail: paul_hazelton-at-umanitoba.ca
} } Phone:204-789-3313
} } Pager:204-931-9354
} } Cell:204-781-1502
} } Fax:204-789-392
--
Philip Oshel
Microscopy Facility Supervisor
Biology Department
024C Brooks Hall
Central Michigan University
Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859

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From: mckee-at-helix.mgh.harvard.edu
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 08:44:16 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: CCD camera service contract

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Email: mckee-at-helix.mgh.harvard.edu
Name: Mary McKee

Organization: MGH

Title-Subject: [Filtered] AMT CCD camera service contract

Question:
We have an AMT camera on our JEOL TEM and are trying to decide whether or not to get a service contract on it. In 2 years, there have been no problems with it. Does anyone out there care to comment on it's reliability longer term? Please reply to me off the list.

Thank you.

Mary

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From: katie.gibbs-at-grace.com
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 08:55:54 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] [Filtered] MicroscopyListserverviaWWW: Biological Preperation

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Email: katie.gibbs-at-grace.com
Name: Katie Gibbs

Title-Subject: [Filtered] Biological Preperation Classes for SEM

Question: Can anyone recommend a class or course in biological sample preparation for the SEM. I have been working with mostly inorganic materials for the last 7 years.

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From: jacques.faerber-at-ipcms.u-strasbg.fr
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 10:21:23 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: re: oxygen deprivation

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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Hi all

As a piece of answer to the original question from Gary, as Phil has
remind us, I frequently use an insufflator rubber bulb to clean up
samples, one which takes the air at it rear side, and blow it at the
front side. The separate in and out valves make one don't suck in the
bulb the dust one want to blow up from the sample. Of coarse, one blow
with air, which is as clean and dry as the room... With a little nose at
the output, the air jet is fine and and can be soft or strong (depends
how stormy one squash the bulb !). Not class 10 clean room certified,
but for current lab work, it does the job, is inexpensive and I have no
trouble with myself, as I wear too a safety czar hat, here !

Hope it helps

J. Faerber
IPCMS-GSI
(Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg
Groupe Surface et Interfaces)
23, rue de Loess ; BP43
67034 Strasbourg CEDEX 2
France

Tel 00 33(0)3 88 10 71 01
Fax 00 33(0)3 88 10 72 48
E-mail Jacques.Faerber-at-ipcms.u-strasbg.fr



oshel1pe-at-cmich.edu a écrit :
} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver
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} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
}
} I can.
} I've run into more than one safety czar who would express exactly the
} concern that Paul mentions. I had an interesting enough time here
} just with the idea of carrying a 1 liter flask of LN2 to a classroom
} where it was needed.
} Recall that there are two fundamental kinds of safety hazards: those
} that involve potentially dangerous chemicals and equipment, and are
} safety risks, and those that involve bureaucrats and are
} administrative risks. Not necessarily the same thing.
}
} But, more to the point: nitrogen lines and compressed gas lines are
} good ideas, but only where they either already exist or there is the
} budget to install them. So, for those of us who have neither of
} those, does anyone have an answer to Gary's original question? Are
} there good, clean-enough-for-optics, cans of compressed air/gas?
}
} Phil
}
}
} } Folks
} }
} } I cannot imagine the "safety czars" being more concerned about
} } oxygen deprivation from a nitrogen tank, when we already have
} } a dozen nitrogen, argon, and helium cylinders in the lab.
} }
} } Even with the best filtered in-house compressed air, I would never
} } trust it over tanked N2 extra-dry, prepure, or commercial.
} }
} } Just my two cents..........
} }
} } JQuinn
} }
} } } Gary et al
} } }
} } } The idea of nitrogen gas is good, but may run afoul of the safety
} } } people. about 20 years ago I convinced a new department chair that the
} } } cost and inconvenience of the air cans dictated a change. Safety people
} } } were very iffy about the use of Nitrogen, they felt it presented a
} } } safety risk for oxygen deprivation from rooms it would be used in. They
} } } suggested using the building's compressed air system. All we did was
} } } put a filter in the line to remove oil and particulates - needed it for
} } } our Airfuge anyway. Now I have three plug-ins around the lab, a coiled
} } } line and a pistol with different nozzles that came from the local auto
} } } supply store. Works great, no fees for nitrogen, or tank rentals.
} } }
} } } Paul
} } }
} } }
} } } Paul R. Hazelton, PhD
} } } Electron Microscope Unit
} } } University of Manitoba
} } } Department of Medical Microbiology
} } } 531 Basic Medical Sciences Building
} } } 730 William Avenue
} } } Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3E 0W3
} } } e-mail: paul_hazelton-at-umanitoba.ca
} } } Phone:204-789-3313
} } } Pager:204-931-9354
} } } Cell:204-781-1502
} } } Fax:204-789-392
} }

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From: dac-at-research.umass.edu
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 11:29:33 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] re: oxygen deprivation

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi -

I know this isn't the perfect solution, but I have a 5-gal "portable air
tank" (available from NAPA auto, and other sources for about $35) with
added fittings for filling from a N2 cylinder and the pistol-style fine
tip blow-gun for dispensing. It has a built-in gage and valve. It should
give good clean gas if compressed N2 is all you ever put into it.

Link for the NAPA item (sorry it is very long...)
http://www.napaonline.com/MasterPages/NOLMaster.aspx?PageId=470&LineCode=BK&PartNumber=8211350&Description=Air+Tank+%2f+Portable

I have no commercial interest in NAPA (or NASCAR)

Dale Callaham

jacques.faerber-at-ipcms.u-strasbg.fr wrote:
} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
}
} Hi all
}
} As a piece of answer to the original question from Gary, as Phil has
} remind us, I frequently use an insufflator rubber bulb to clean up
} samples, one which takes the air at it rear side, and blow it at the
} front side. The separate in and out valves make one don't suck in the
} bulb the dust one want to blow up from the sample. Of coarse, one blow
} with air, which is as clean and dry as the room... With a little nose at
} the output, the air jet is fine and and can be soft or strong (depends
} how stormy one squash the bulb !). Not class 10 clean room certified,
} but for current lab work, it does the job, is inexpensive and I have no
} trouble with myself, as I wear too a safety czar hat, here !
}
} Hope it helps
}
} J. Faerber
} IPCMS-GSI
} (Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg
} Groupe Surface et Interfaces)
} 23, rue de Loess ; BP43
} 67034 Strasbourg CEDEX 2
} France
}
} Tel 00 33(0)3 88 10 71 01
} Fax 00 33(0)3 88 10 72 48
} E-mail Jacques.Faerber-at-ipcms.u-strasbg.fr
}
}
}
} oshel1pe-at-cmich.edu a écrit :
} } ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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} } ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
} }
} } I can.
} } I've run into more than one safety czar who would express exactly the
} } concern that Paul mentions. I had an interesting enough time here
} } just with the idea of carrying a 1 liter flask of LN2 to a classroom
} } where it was needed.
} } Recall that there are two fundamental kinds of safety hazards: those
} } that involve potentially dangerous chemicals and equipment, and are
} } safety risks, and those that involve bureaucrats and are
} } administrative risks. Not necessarily the same thing.
} }
} } But, more to the point: nitrogen lines and compressed gas lines are
} } good ideas, but only where they either already exist or there is the
} } budget to install them. So, for those of us who have neither of
} } those, does anyone have an answer to Gary's original question? Are
} } there good, clean-enough-for-optics, cans of compressed air/gas?
} }
} } Phil
} }
} }
} } } Folks
} } }
} } } I cannot imagine the "safety czars" being more concerned about
} } } oxygen deprivation from a nitrogen tank, when we already have
} } } a dozen nitrogen, argon, and helium cylinders in the lab.
} } }
} } } Even with the best filtered in-house compressed air, I would never
} } } trust it over tanked N2 extra-dry, prepure, or commercial.
} } }
} } } Just my two cents..........
} } }
} } } JQuinn
} } }
} } } } Gary et al
} } } }
} } } } The idea of nitrogen gas is good, but may run afoul of the safety
} } } } people. about 20 years ago I convinced a new department chair that the
} } } } cost and inconvenience of the air cans dictated a change. Safety people
} } } } were very iffy about the use of Nitrogen, they felt it presented a
} } } } safety risk for oxygen deprivation from rooms it would be used in. They
} } } } suggested using the building's compressed air system. All we did was
} } } } put a filter in the line to remove oil and particulates - needed it for
} } } } our Airfuge anyway. Now I have three plug-ins around the lab, a coiled
} } } } line and a pistol with different nozzles that came from the local auto
} } } } supply store. Works great, no fees for nitrogen, or tank rentals.
} } } }
} } } } Paul
} } } }
} } } }
} } } } Paul R. Hazelton, PhD
} } } } Electron Microscope Unit
} } } } University of Manitoba
} } } } Department of Medical Microbiology
} } } } 531 Basic Medical Sciences Building
} } } } 730 William Avenue
} } } } Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3E 0W3
} } } } e-mail: paul_hazelton-at-umanitoba.ca
} } } } Phone:204-789-3313
} } } } Pager:204-931-9354
} } } } Cell:204-781-1502
} } } } Fax:204-789-392
} } }
}
} ==============================Original Headers==============================
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--
} {(((º}
L L
} {(((º} .·´¯`·.¸ {º)))} { ¸.·´¯`·.¸ } {(((º} ¸.·´¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

Dale A. Callaham
Central Microscopy Facility
The University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003


==============================Original Headers==============================
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From: nholson-at-ucsd.edu
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 14:41:50 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] re: oxygen deprivation

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


--
Along this same line of thought, does anyone know of any in-room
sensor that can be purchased that emits an alarm if oxygen levels get
low. I am thinking of something that works like either a smoke alarm
or a carbon monoxide detector. We need to use ethane gas for our
cryo procedures and the safety people are causing an uproar about
that. These people tend to make a "one size fits all" type of
regulation that often has little relevance to specific situations.
If anyone has any specific product I would appreciate the info.

Norm Olson


______________________________________________________________
Norm Olson
Cryoelectron Microscopy Facilities Manager
1510 Bonner Hall
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, MC-0378
University of California San Diego
La Jolla, CA 92093-0378
nholson-at-ucsd.edu
http://cryoem.ucsd.edu
Cell: (858)220-2183
(858)822-6718 - Office; (858)534-5846 - Fax
______________________________________________________________

==============================Original Headers==============================
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From: john.mardinly-at-intel.com
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 15:23:54 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] re: oxygen deprivation

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Back when we still had a darkroom with rotary doors, the safety people
asked us to put in extra heavy duty hoses for the nitrogen guns that we
used to blow off dust. We thought they were going overboard at first
when they chose 12,000 psi rated brake hoses, but this was judged much
cheaper than oxygen sensors, and when we thought about the scenario they
were designed to prevent, we thought it was OK. What is the scenario?
Imagine a hose fails in the middle of the night or weekend. The room
fills with nitrogen, displacing all of the air. A person entering the
darkroom through the rotary doors would be breathing 100% nitrogen, and
would pass out after taking one breath. Nobody on the outside would see
them. Anyone entering the darkroom would suffer the same fate. These
would become fatalities. Basically, the consequences of a nitrogen leak
were deemed so severe that 12,000 psi rated brake hose nitrogen lines
seemed reasonable when used in darkroom with rotary doors.

John Mardinly
Intel

This is not an opinion of Intel Corporation.

-----Original Message-----
X-from: nholson-at-ucsd.edu [mailto:nholson-at-ucsd.edu]
Sent: Tuesday, September 04, 2007 12:42 PM
To: Mardinly, John


--
Along this same line of thought, does anyone know of any in-room
sensor that can be purchased that emits an alarm if oxygen levels get
low. I am thinking of something that works like either a smoke alarm
or a carbon monoxide detector. We need to use ethane gas for our
cryo procedures and the safety people are causing an uproar about
that. These people tend to make a "one size fits all" type of
regulation that often has little relevance to specific situations.
If anyone has any specific product I would appreciate the info.

Norm Olson


______________________________________________________________
Norm Olson
Cryoelectron Microscopy Facilities Manager
1510 Bonner Hall
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, MC-0378
University of California San Diego
La Jolla, CA 92093-0378
nholson-at-ucsd.edu
http://cryoem.ucsd.edu
Cell: (858)220-2183
(858)822-6718 - Office; (858)534-5846 - Fax
______________________________________________________________

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13, 35 -- From john.mardinly-at-intel.com Tue Sep 4 15:23:53 2007
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From: KellyARamos-at-Eaton.com
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 15:54:09 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] re: oxygen deprivation

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Howdy, All.

We are a commercial testing laboratory and We use nitrogen lines (have a
hook up coming from the plant supply) to Run some of our equipment and
also to blow off samples in our metallography area.
This works out a lot better for us due to the fact that the plant air
lines sometimes get water in them. We are talking about getting quite a
substantial stream of water out of an air line, instead of just air.
Not good!

The thing we have done for safety, is to install Oxygen sensors in the
vicinity of these nitrogen supply lines. And these sensors are connected
to Very LOUD Alarm and large red flashing lights outside of the rooms
where nitrogen supplies are present. The alarms are set to go off if it
registers oxygen less than around 19%or20%. The sensors are serviced on
a regular basis.


Peace,
Kelly A. Ramos


-----Original Message-----
X-from: john.mardinly-at-intel.com [mailto:john.mardinly-at-intel.com]
Sent: Tuesday, September 04, 2007 4:30 PM
To: Ramos, Kelly A

Back when we still had a darkroom with rotary doors, the safety people
asked us to put in extra heavy duty hoses for the nitrogen guns that we
used to blow off dust. We thought they were going overboard at first
when they chose 12,000 psi rated brake hoses, but this was judged much
cheaper than oxygen sensors, and when we thought about the scenario they
were designed to prevent, we thought it was OK. What is the scenario?
Imagine a hose fails in the middle of the night or weekend. The room
fills with nitrogen, displacing all of the air. A person entering the
darkroom through the rotary doors would be breathing 100% nitrogen, and
would pass out after taking one breath. Nobody on the outside would see
them. Anyone entering the darkroom would suffer the same fate. These
would become fatalities. Basically, the consequences of a nitrogen leak
were deemed so severe that 12,000 psi rated brake hose nitrogen lines
seemed reasonable when used in darkroom with rotary doors.

John Mardinly
Intel

This is not an opinion of Intel Corporation.

-----Original Message-----
X-from: nholson-at-ucsd.edu [mailto:nholson-at-ucsd.edu]
Sent: Tuesday, September 04, 2007 12:42 PM
To: Mardinly, John


--
Along this same line of thought, does anyone know of any in-room
sensor that can be purchased that emits an alarm if oxygen levels get
low. I am thinking of something that works like either a smoke alarm
or a carbon monoxide detector. We need to use ethane gas for our
cryo procedures and the safety people are causing an uproar about
that. These people tend to make a "one size fits all" type of
regulation that often has little relevance to specific situations.
If anyone has any specific product I would appreciate the info.

Norm Olson


______________________________________________________________
Norm Olson
Cryoelectron Microscopy Facilities Manager
1510 Bonner Hall
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, MC-0378
University of California San Diego
La Jolla, CA 92093-0378
nholson-at-ucsd.edu
http://cryoem.ucsd.edu
Cell: (858)220-2183
(858)822-6718 - Office; (858)534-5846 - Fax
______________________________________________________________

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25, 27 -- From KellyARamos-at-Eaton.com Tue Sep 4 15:54:09 2007
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From: gary-at-gaugler.com
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 16:03:52 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] RE: Useless canned air

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

The MSDS can be found here:

http://www.falconsafety.com/assets/falcon/msds/75-37-6.pdf

The stuff is Ethane, 1,1-Difluoro
so it is Difluoroethane rather than yours which is
tetrafluoroethane. The label does not list the
"bitterant" but warns about its presence. The
product code of the propellant is 152a. The other
propellant is 143a, which is probably what you have.

Since the can does not state the propellant type,
I suppose if it says "Contains a bitterant to
help discourage inhalant abuse" it uses 152a.
Without the warning, it is probably 143a.

In any event, Falcon says that the bitterant
model with 152a is for computers, electronics,
optics, etc.--exactly what we need. The alternate
143a is for flamability reduction applications.

I'll get some cans from Office Depot and try
both versions. I usually get the dusters from
a camera store since they use the dusters to
clean lenses and front coated mirrors. So that
ought to be safe stuff to use for EM and LM.

So, I guess that either type is not useless.
Oh, Falcon makes a point of the cans NOT being
canned air.

gary g.



At 09:45 AM 9/4/2007, you wrote:

} Hello Gary,
}
} Because we have some kind of contract with Office Depot, we get our
} canned dusters there. The label says it contains 100%
} tetrafluoroethane. The can doesn't indicate that it contains any other
} ingredients nor are there any warnings/notifications about anti-huffing
} additives, etc.
}
} On your Dust-off cans, does it list an anti-huffing agent? Or did you
} just notice that it started behaving differently or something? I looked
} on their website, just to see how they are justifying this or whatever,
} and they make no mention of this. This makes me paranoid that these
} chemicals may be in my dusters, too, and I just haven't noticed.
}
} Thanks,
}
} Andy Bowling
}
}
} -----Original Message-----
} From: gary-at-gaugler.com [mailto:gary-at-gaugler.com]
} Sent: Thursday, August 30, 2007 6:26 PM
} To: Bowling, Andrew
} Subject: [Microscopy] Useless canned air
}
}
}
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} ----
} The Microscopy ListServer -- CoSponsor: The Microscopy Society of
} America To Subscribe/Unsubscribe --
} http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver


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13, 22 -- From: Gary Gaugler {gary-at-gaugler.com}
13, 22 -- Subject: RE: [Microscopy] Useless canned air
13, 22 -- Cc: MSA listserver {microscopy-at-microscopy.com}
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From: kenconverse-at-qualityimages.biz
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 16:30:35 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] RE: Useless canned air

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Gary,
The difluoroethane (152a) is flammable. I haven't seen the stuff, but it
seems (from other conversations I've had) that it is prevalent in CA. The
tetrafluoroethane (134a, not 143a)is non-flammable and available from
Chemtronics, SPI and others. I've also seen a mix out there of some HFC
mixed with ether (methyl ether, I believe) which is also flammable.
Personally, I stick with the 134a for leak checking with a Varian Smart
Gauge or a refrigerant sniffer, for gross leaks, and in my shop I have a
Craftsman 20 gal. air compressor and a filter specifically designed to
remove oil (about $100 from Grainger and others) that gives me plenty of,
what to this point has seemed, very clean air. I have sometimes gotten oily
water from the hose that runs directly off the tank, but never from anything
that goes through the filter. My SEMs and vacuum evaporator use unfiltered
air, but I have several hoses around the shop that use the filtered air.

Ken Converse
owner

QUALITY IMAGES
Servicing Scanning Electron Microscopes
Since 1981
474 So. Bridgton Rd.
Bridgton, ME 04009
207-647-4348
Fax 207-647-2688
kenconverse-at-qualityimages.biz
qualityimages.biz



-----Original Message-----
X-from: gary-at-gaugler.com [mailto:gary-at-gaugler.com]
Sent: Tuesday, September 04, 2007 5:06 PM
To: kenconverse-at-qualityimages.biz

The MSDS can be found here:

http://www.falconsafety.com/assets/falcon/msds/75-37-6.pdf

The stuff is Ethane, 1,1-Difluoro
so it is Difluoroethane rather than yours which is tetrafluoroethane. The
label does not list the "bitterant" but warns about its presence. The
product code of the propellant is 152a. The other propellant is 143a, which
is probably what you have.

Since the can does not state the propellant type,
I suppose if it says "Contains a bitterant to
help discourage inhalant abuse" it uses 152a.
Without the warning, it is probably 143a.

In any event, Falcon says that the bitterant
model with 152a is for computers, electronics,
optics, etc.--exactly what we need. The alternate
143a is for flamability reduction applications.

I'll get some cans from Office Depot and try
both versions. I usually get the dusters from
a camera store since they use the dusters to
clean lenses and front coated mirrors. So that
ought to be safe stuff to use for EM and LM.

So, I guess that either type is not useless.
Oh, Falcon makes a point of the cans NOT being
canned air.

gary g.



At 09:45 AM 9/4/2007, you wrote:

} Hello Gary,
}
} Because we have some kind of contract with Office Depot, we get our
} canned dusters there. The label says it contains 100%
} tetrafluoroethane. The can doesn't indicate that it contains any other
} ingredients nor are there any warnings/notifications about anti-huffing
} additives, etc.
}
} On your Dust-off cans, does it list an anti-huffing agent? Or did you
} just notice that it started behaving differently or something? I
} looked on their website, just to see how they are justifying this or
} whatever, and they make no mention of this. This makes me paranoid
} that these chemicals may be in my dusters, too, and I just haven't
} noticed.
}
} Thanks,
}
} Andy Bowling
}
}
} -----Original Message-----
} From: gary-at-gaugler.com [mailto:gary-at-gaugler.com]
} Sent: Thursday, August 30, 2007 6:26 PM
} To: Bowling, Andrew
} Subject: [Microscopy] Useless canned air
}
}
}
}
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------
} -
} ----
} The Microscopy ListServer -- CoSponsor: The Microscopy Society of
} America To Subscribe/Unsubscribe --
} http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver


==============================Original Headers==============================
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13, 22 -- To: "Bowling, Andrew" {Andrew.Bowling-at-ARS.USDA.GOV} 13, 22 --
X-from: Gary Gaugler {gary-at-gaugler.com} 13, 22 -- Subject: RE: [Microscopy]
Useless canned air 13, 22 -- Cc: MSA listserver {microscopy-at-microscopy.com}
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==============================Original Headers==============================
28, 25 -- From kenconverse-at-qualityimages.biz Tue Sep 4 16:30:35 2007
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28, 25 -- From: "Ken Converse" {kenconverse-at-qualityimages.biz}
28, 25 -- To: {gary-at-gaugler.com} , "MSA Listserver" {Microscopy-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com}
28, 25 -- Subject: RE: [Microscopy] RE: Useless canned air
28, 25 -- Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 17:30:21 -0400
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From: Rosemary.White-at-csiro.au
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 17:04:56 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: re: oxygen deprivation (Installation of an

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

You can get small portable oxygen sensors which are useful also. However,
they have a limited battery life, and they need to be recalibrated
preferably annually at minimum, just like the permanently installed oxygen
sensors, as outlined by Kelly.

cheers,
Rsemary

Dr Rosemary White rosemary.white-at-csiro.au
CSIRO Plant Industry ph. 61 (0)2-6246 5475
GPO Box 1600 fax. 61 (0)2-6246 5334
Canberra, ACT 2601
Australia


} From: KellyARamos-at-Eaton.com
} Reply-To: KellyARamos-at-Eaton.com
} Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 15:59:53 -0500
} To: rosemary.white-at-csiro.au
} Subject: [Microscopy] re: oxygen deprivation (Installation of an OXYGEN
} Sensor)
}
}
}
}
} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- CoSponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver
} On-Line Help http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
}
} Howdy, All.
}
} We are a commercial testing laboratory and We use nitrogen lines (have a
} hook up coming from the plant supply) to Run some of our equipment and
} also to blow off samples in our metallography area.
} This works out a lot better for us due to the fact that the plant air
} lines sometimes get water in them. We are talking about getting quite a
} substantial stream of water out of an air line, instead of just air.
} Not good!
}
} The thing we have done for safety, is to install Oxygen sensors in the
} vicinity of these nitrogen supply lines. And these sensors are connected
} to Very LOUD Alarm and large red flashing lights outside of the rooms
} where nitrogen supplies are present. The alarms are set to go off if it
} registers oxygen less than around 19%or20%. The sensors are serviced on
} a regular basis.
}
}
} Peace,
} Kelly A. Ramos
}
}
} -----Original Message-----
} X-from: john.mardinly-at-intel.com [mailto:john.mardinly-at-intel.com]
} Sent: Tuesday, September 04, 2007 4:30 PM
} To: Ramos, Kelly A
} Subject: [Microscopy] RE: re: oxygen deprivation
}
}
}
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} Back when we still had a darkroom with rotary doors, the safety people
} asked us to put in extra heavy duty hoses for the nitrogen guns that we
} used to blow off dust. We thought they were going overboard at first
} when they chose 12,000 psi rated brake hoses, but this was judged much
} cheaper than oxygen sensors, and when we thought about the scenario they
} were designed to prevent, we thought it was OK. What is the scenario?
} Imagine a hose fails in the middle of the night or weekend. The room
} fills with nitrogen, displacing all of the air. A person entering the
} darkroom through the rotary doors would be breathing 100% nitrogen, and
} would pass out after taking one breath. Nobody on the outside would see
} them. Anyone entering the darkroom would suffer the same fate. These
} would become fatalities. Basically, the consequences of a nitrogen leak
} were deemed so severe that 12,000 psi rated brake hose nitrogen lines
} seemed reasonable when used in darkroom with rotary doors.
}
} John Mardinly
} Intel
}
} This is not an opinion of Intel Corporation.
}
} -----Original Message-----
} X-from: nholson-at-ucsd.edu [mailto:nholson-at-ucsd.edu]
} Sent: Tuesday, September 04, 2007 12:42 PM
} To: Mardinly, John
} Subject: [Microscopy] re: oxygen deprivation
}
}
}
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} --
} Along this same line of thought, does anyone know of any in-room
} sensor that can be purchased that emits an alarm if oxygen levels get
} low. I am thinking of something that works like either a smoke alarm
} or a carbon monoxide detector. We need to use ethane gas for our
} cryo procedures and the safety people are causing an uproar about
} that. These people tend to make a "one size fits all" type of
} regulation that often has little relevance to specific situations.
} If anyone has any specific product I would appreciate the info.
}
} Norm Olson
}
}
} ______________________________________________________________
} Norm Olson
} Cryoelectron Microscopy Facilities Manager
} 1510 Bonner Hall
} Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, MC-0378
} University of California San Diego
} La Jolla, CA 92093-0378
} nholson-at-ucsd.edu
} http://cryoem.ucsd.edu
} Cell: (858)220-2183
} (858)822-6718 - Office; (858)534-5846 - Fax
} ______________________________________________________________
}
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} 13, 35 -- From john.mardinly-at-intel.com Tue Sep 4 15:23:53 2007
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} 25, 27 -- From KellyARamos-at-Eaton.com Tue Sep 4 15:54:09 2007
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From: tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 19:44:12 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Dewaxing leaf surface for SEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi, All-

I have a client who needs to remove wax from the surfaces of leaves so
that she can count stomates in the FESEM. A first try at soaking the
leaves in 2 changes of xylene, 10 minutes each, didn't do much at all. the
leaves are highly papilose (is that a word? Have lots and lots of
pappillae) and have lots of wax. Peels are not an option. Any suggestions
appreciated!

Aloha, Tina

****************************************************************************
* Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
* Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251 *
* University of Hawaii at Manoa * http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
****************************************************************************


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From: Sally.Stowe-at-anu.edu.au
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 20:19:50 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: Dewaxing leaf surface for SEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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Hi Tina,
You could try sluicing the surface with chloroform, that sometimes works well
cheers
Sally


Sally Stowe
ANU EMU
Canberra

On Wed, September 5, 2007 10:44 am, tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu wrote:
}

}
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} Hi, All-
}
}
} I have a client who needs to remove wax from the surfaces of leaves so
} that she can count stomates in the FESEM. A first try at soaking the leaves
} in 2 changes of xylene, 10 minutes each, didn't do much at all. the leaves
} are highly papilose (is that a word? Have lots and lots of pappillae) and
} have lots of wax. Peels are not an option. Any suggestions appreciated!
}
} Aloha, Tina
}
}
} *************************************************************************
} ***
} * Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu
} *
} * Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251
} *
} * University of Hawaii at Manoa *
} http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
} **************************************************************************
} **
}
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7, 27 -- From sally.stowe-at-anu.edu.au Tue Sep 4 20:19:50 2007
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7, 27 -- Subject: Re: [Microscopy] Dewaxing leaf surface for SEM
7, 27 -- From: Sally.Stowe-at-anu.edu.au
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From: plarson-at-ou.edu
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 20:51:35 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: SDD detetectors - are they there yet for high res TEM

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This Question/Comment was submitted to the Microscopy Listserver
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Email: plarson-at-ou.edu, gstrout-at-ou.edu
Name: Preston Larson

Organization: University of Oklahoma

Title-Subject: [Filtered] SDD detetectors - are they there yet for high res TEM X-ray applications?

Question: We are in the process of examining EDX systems for our newly acquired JEOL 2010F TEM. The microscope will be used mostly for materials/nano work where we anticipate high mags, small analysis spots, and correspondingly low count rates. Additionally, we expect some light element work on occasion. Up to now we have looked at "traditional" systems from the major manufacturers fitted with Ln2 cooled SiLi detectors. We are however, aware of the increasing presence of Peltier
cooled Silicon Drift Detectors (SDD) supplied with EDX systems primarily from the SEM and XRF markets, although most of the comparable TEMs we have seen are equipped with SiLi detectors.
It is our understanding that SDDs have recently improved in performance with advertised resolutions comparable to, or better than, SiLi detectors and have generally been known for having high throughputs. It would seem that having an LN2 dewar hanging on the microscope also introduces noise and vibration into the column. On the other hand, we have heard that SDDs have an efficiency fall off above 12kev and that they can be expensive to repair. What are the consequences, if any, of this fall off? Our naive assumption is that we would not see the K alpha peaks for the higher Z elements but the lower energy L and M peaks
for these elements would still presumably show up. Further, should we have any concerns about possible radiation damage from high energy back scattered electrons striking the detector in an SDD?
In short, we would appreciate any comments or suggestions from the listserv in regards to these issues or any other issues we may have missed regarding the use of an SDD detector on a high resolution field
emission TEM.
Thanks in advance,
gstrout-at-ou.edu
plarson-at-ou.edu
--
--
==================================================================
Greg Strout
Electron Microscopist, University of Oklahoma
Phone: (405) 325-4391
e-mail: gstrout-at-ou.edu
Opinions expressed herein are mine and not necessarily those of
the University of Oklahoma
==================================================================

==================================================================
Preston Larson
Research Scientist
Samuel Roberts Noble Electron Microscopy Laboratory
770 Van Vleet Oval
Phone: (405) 325-4391
==================================================================

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

==============================Original Headers==============================
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7, 12 -- From: plarson-at-ou.edu, gstrout-at-ou.edu (by way of MicroscopyListserver)
7, 12 -- Subject: viaWWW: SDD detetectors - are they there yet for high res TEM
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From: gary-at-gaugler.com
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2007 22:50:24 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: viaWWW: SDD detetectors - are they there yet

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

SDD has certainly had major advances. There are 10^2mm,
20^2mm and 40^2mm detectors. There might be some 30 units.
So far, my results are from SEM. But there is strong
correlation with STEM. I am using EDAX 40^2mm SDD...Apollo 40.

The latest generation of SDD by EDAX is totally awesome.
They replaced their Cryospec Clemenko cryocooler system with
this new SDD. They have 10^2mm or 40^2 mm. I am using the
Apollo 40. I can dump a huge amount of counts at it and
still keep DT low. The trick is to keep DT and resolution
in an area/zone where peaks are discernable. This means that
if you want high cps, you will need shorter time constants.
That said, resolution will degrade. If your Z list is wide,
that is not a problem. If close Z values, one must suffer
longer collection times and poor resolution between Z.

I cannot imagine a SDD that has the same resolution at every
time constant. You, as the operator, has to make a tradeoff
between clock time and accuracy.

SDD is the future, IMO. Si(LI) is history.

No financial interest in EDAX other than to hope
that they remain viable.


gary g.





At 05:53 PM 9/4/2007, you wrote:




} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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From: martin-at-cmm.uwa.edu.au
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 00:21:12 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] TEM - cells on thermonox

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear all,

I am posting the following on behalf of a colleague. Please address
replies to Dr Peta Clode (peta.clode-at-uwa.edu.au).

Thanks,

Martin.

Question:

We are using TEM to look at cells that are grown on thermonox
coverslips - however, when we try to section them for TEM the
thermonox pulls away from the epoxy and we are left with our cells
sitting along the edge of the section, which is largely unstable in
the TEM. As such we have to remove the thermonox and re-embed them
before sectioning, which rather defeats the purpose of using
thermonox.

Does anyone have any tips for preparing cells on thermonox for TEM?

--

*****************************************

Dr. Martin Saunders,
Deputy Director and Senior Lecturer,
Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis,
M010,
The University of Western Australia,
Crawley,
Western Australia 6009,
Australia.

Phone: +61 8 6488 8092
Fax: +61 8 6488 1087
E-mail: Martin.Saunders-at-uwa.edu.au
CRICOS Provider No. 00126G

*****************************************


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From: pasrichar-at-mail.nplindia.ernet.in
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 06:39:56 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Using moire fringes to calculate thickness

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear All

I have a TiO2 sample and they appear to be nanoplates. Can I use moire
pattern to calculate the thickness of the sample?

thanks and regards

Renu

--
Open WebMail Project (http://openwebmail.org)


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From: a.d.mckinnon-at-abdn.ac.uk
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 07:50:16 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] TEM - cells on thermonox

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Hi Martin,

I would be interested in feedback on this too.

Meantime we are using Millipore filters to circumvent this problem. You
have to avoid certain solvents, but infiltration with EtOH diluted epoxy
resin is OK as long as you have extra 'pure resin' steps to remove trace
EtOH before embedding, and use a flat bottomed resin/solvent resistant
LM embedding mold to avoid handling the floppy filter. After
polymerisation with a thin layer of resin, the filter can be trimmed to
fit into a conventional EM mold for sectioning on edge.

Hope this helps.

Looking forward to other responses from 'listers'.

Best regards,

Alastair

Alastair McKinnon
Histology & EM Facility Manager
University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Science
Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD
tel: +44(0)1224 552923 (office); +44(0)1224 555911 (lab)
fax: +44(0)1224 559533; email: a.d.mckinnon-at-abdn.ac.uk
www.abdn.ac.uk/ims/h-em
-----Original Message-----
X-from: martin-at-cmm.uwa.edu.au [mailto:martin-at-cmm.uwa.edu.au]
Sent: 05 September 2007 06:26
To: Mckinnon, Alastair D.

Dear all,

I am posting the following on behalf of a colleague. Please address
replies to Dr Peta Clode (peta.clode-at-uwa.edu.au).

Thanks,

Martin.

Question:

We are using TEM to look at cells that are grown on thermonox coverslips
- however, when we try to section them for TEM the thermonox pulls away
from the epoxy and we are left with our cells sitting along the edge of
the section, which is largely unstable in the TEM. As such we have to
remove the thermonox and re-embed them before sectioning, which rather
defeats the purpose of using thermonox.

Does anyone have any tips for preparing cells on thermonox for TEM?

--

*****************************************

Dr. Martin Saunders,
Deputy Director and Senior Lecturer,
Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, M010, The
University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009,
Australia.

Phone: +61 8 6488 8092
Fax: +61 8 6488 1087
E-mail: Martin.Saunders-at-uwa.edu.au
CRICOS Provider No. 00126G

*****************************************


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From: vina236-at-yahoo.com
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 08:26:35 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] AskAMicroscopist: becoming a microscopist.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This Question was submitted to Ask-A-Microscopist by (vina236-at-yahoo.com)
from http://www.microscopy.org/Ask-A-Microscopist/Ask-A-Microscopist.html on Wednesday, September 5, 2007 at 07:57:09
Remember to consider the Grade/Age of the student when considering the Question
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Please reply to both vina236-at-yahoo.com as well as to the Microscopy Listserver
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Email: vina236-at-yahoo.com
Name: divina gracia gacuya

Organization: saint louis girls high school

Education: 9-12th Grade High School

Location: baguio city, philippines

Title: microscopy

Question: what are the skills needed in microscopy and what is the importance of microscopy in the biological studies

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

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From: TindallR-at-missouri.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 08:33:48 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Dewaxing leaf surface for SEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Tina,

When at a previous lab, I processed one batch of leaves for SEM using
standard ethanol dehydration with CPD and got wonderful shots of waxy
cuticle with stomata peeking through. A second batch was dehydrated in
an acetone series, followed CPD in 100% ethanol and the surface was
beautifully cleaned of wax.

For what it's worth. It worked for me.

Cheers,
Randy

Randy Tindall
Senior EM Specialist
Electron Microscopy Core Facility---We Do Small Well!
W125 Veterinary Medicine
University of Missouri
Columbia, MO 65211
Tel: (573) 882-8304
Fax: (573) 884-2227
Email: tindallr-at-missouri.edu
Web: http://www.emc.missouri.edu
On-line calendar:
http://biotech.rnet.missouri.edu/cgi-bin/Calcium310.pl?Op=Splash&Amount=
Week&NavType=Both&Type=TimePlan


-----Original Message-----
X-from: tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu [mailto:tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu]
Sent: Tuesday, September 04, 2007 7:45 PM
To: Tindall, Randy D.

Hi, All-

I have a client who needs to remove wax from the surfaces of leaves so
that she can count stomates in the FESEM. A first try at soaking the
leaves in 2 changes of xylene, 10 minutes each, didn't do much at all.
the leaves are highly papilose (is that a word? Have lots and lots of
pappillae) and have lots of wax. Peels are not an option. Any
suggestions appreciated!

Aloha, Tina

************************************************************************
****
* Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu
*
* Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251
*
* University of Hawaii at Manoa *
http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
************************************************************************
****


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From: baskin-at-bio.umass.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 08:39:46 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: Dewaxing leaf surface for SEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Tina,
If the chlorofom doesn't work, you might look into methods
for making trichomes and papillae fall off. I think if you freeze the
leaf in LN2 you can shear them off. But this is just something I
heard of for isolating the trichomes, not for looking at a
trichome-free leaf. But the leaf stomata might be easier to see with
the hairs gone? I am sorry I can't point you to a citation, but maybe
the tentacles of google can oblige?

Tobias
}
} Hi, All-
}
} I have a client who needs to remove wax from the surfaces of leaves so
} that she can count stomates in the FESEM. A first try at soaking the
} leaves in 2 changes of xylene, 10 minutes each, didn't do much at all. the
} leaves are highly papilose (is that a word? Have lots and lots of
} pappillae) and have lots of wax. Peels are not an option. Any suggestions
} appreciated!
}
} Aloha, Tina
}
} ****************************************************************************
} * Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
} * Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251 *
} * University of Hawaii at Manoa * http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
} ****************************************************************************
}
}
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--
_ ____ __ ____
/ \ / / \ / \ \ Tobias I. Baskin
/ / / / \ \ \ Biology Department
/_ / __ /__ \ \ \__ 611 N. Pleasant St.
/ / / \ \ \ University of Massachusetts
/ / / \ \ \ Amherst, MA, 01003
/ / ___ / \ \__/ \ ____
http://www.bio.umass.edu/biology/baskin/
Voice: 413 - 545 - 1533 Fax: 413 - 545 - 3243

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From: gmartens-at-interchange.ubc.ca
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 10:24:11 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: TEM - cells on thermonox

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

What has worked for us recently (with aclar and sapphire discs) is to
peel the aclar off post polymerization and add a second layer of the
same resin to the block face where the cells are. Seems to work much
better than leaving those cells hanging out there. What resin are
you using? A second treatment is to be sure you are curing the resin
under vacuum. The resin tends to stay very smooth against the aclar
(should for thermanox as well) but if not under vacuum there tends to
be some roughness which prevent decent sectioning.

Regardless of what resin we have used the first method works pretty well.

Garnet


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Garnet Martens

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BioImaging Facility
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phone 604-822-3354

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From: nancy-at-savvyhire.com
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 10:36:40 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] System Specialist job opening

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I am currently recruiting for the following opportunity on behalf of
Cameca. Interested candidates may submit their resume to
nancy-at-savvyhire.com.

Title: System Specialist/Sr. Field Service Engineer

Position Overview: Cameca Instruments Inc., based in Trumbull, CT, is
looking to hire a System Specialist-Senior Field service engineer for
their Electron Microprobe SX100 line. The Sr. FSE will be responsible
for troubleshooting and repairing instruments, as well as training
customers on new upgrades and software functions. The position is
located in the Northeast/Mid Atlantic region but Cameca is willing to
consider strong candidates elsewhere.

Requirements: The ideal candidate will have at least 10 years experience
working on Electron Microprobe instruments, preferably Cameca. Their
educational background should be in Electronics and/or Computer Science;
other scientific training may be considered if relevant. A strong
background in microprobe applications is preferred.

The position requires extensive travel (60% or more). The area covers
the entire US territories and Canada.

The candidate must be comfortable working with minimal supervision at a
client site. As well, they should have strong initiative and customer
service skills. Excellent communication and telephone skills are a must.

Compensation:
Salary and compensation are commensurate with skills and potential.

Cameca offers a competitive salary, health care, paid vacation, sick
days, 401K, etc.

Cameca is an equal opportunity employer.

Kind regards,
Nancy
---
Nancy Stewart
Staffing Consultant
Savvy Hire
619.275.0578
www.savvyhire.com



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From: maloneyb-at-fiu.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 10:46:09 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] JEOL JEM-1200EX II

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Group - anyone out there have an installation manual for the JEOL
JEM-1200 EX II TEM?
Thanks
Barbara



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From: maloneyb-at-fiu.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 10:47:48 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Digital side mount camera for JEOL JEM 1200 EX II

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Group - looking for a reliable used digital camera we could use
mounted on the JEOL JEM 1200 EX II TEM.
Thanks
Barbara



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From: TindallR-at-missouri.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 11:00:33 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] TEM: Cells on Thermonox cover slips

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dr. Clode,

One method of doing this is to use the "pop-off" technique. Note that
this also removes the cover slip, so if you need a cross-sectional view
of the cells including the attachment area between the cells and
coverslip, this method will not work for you. However, if your main
problem is that the cells end up on the edge of the section and are
therefore unstable for viewing, the pop-off method works just fine.

Grow your cells normally on the coverslips and process them through your
final pure resin infiltration stages. Then fill your embedding molds
with resin and leave a small meniscus at the top. Put your coverslips,
cell side down, on top of the meniscus on the embedding capsules, and
polymerize. When the blocks are still somewhat incompletely
polymerized, remove them from the oven and bring them to room
temperature. Put some liquid nitrogen in a small, insulated container
and either submerge the coverslip end of the block into the liquid
nitrogen or hold it in the vapor phase. You may hear some crackling
sounds, which is usually good.

After a few seconds of freezing, remove the block from the LN2 and try
to peel off the coverslip. If it snaps right off, great! If not, try
again. It may take a few tries, but when the coverslip comes off, the
cells will remain in the resin and may be sectioned as a monolayer.
Look at the block under a dissecting scope to identify areas with
plentiful cells, trim away the excess (you may want to save the trimmed
chunks as backups), and carefully set up your approach on the microtome.
There is only a monolayer of cells, so you will need to start collecting
sections as soon as they are big enough to pick up on grids. You will
be sectioning from the side of the cell which attached to the coverslip,
up to the top of the cell.

A couple cautions---sometimes (rarely) a block will shatter in the
liquid nitrogen. If so, it will usually hang together and you can find
pieces with cells and remount them on another block. Also, trimming the
block face and taking the initial sections need to be done carefully so
you don't accidentally lose all your cells. Making extra blocks is good
insurance, as always. Finally, Thermonox coverslips generally are much
easier to use than glass, simply because glass likes to shatter when it
is removed from the cold block face, leaving lots of little pieces that
must be removed individually.

That said, this is a very reliable and fairly easy technique.

Good luck!

Cheers,
Randy

Randy Tindall
Senior EM Specialist
Electron Microscopy Core Facility---We Do Small Well!
W125 Veterinary Medicine
University of Missouri
Columbia, MO 65211
Tel: (573) 882-8304
Fax: (573) 884-2227
Email: tindallr-at-missouri.edu
Web: http://www.emc.missouri.edu
On-line calendar:
http://biotech.rnet.missouri.edu/cgi-bin/Calcium310.pl?Op=Splash&Amount=
Week&NavType=Both&Type=TimePlan


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From: john.mardinly-at-intel.com
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 11:09:16 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: viaWWW: SDD detetectors - are they there yet

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Gary;
I do not agree that "Si(LI) is history." TEM's are hampered by
low count rates, especially if one desires to do more than simple
spectroscopy and would like to do compositional line profiles and
spectral imaging. There are at least two vendors I know of that offer 50
square mm detectors, and they offer tremendous advantages in count
rates. Also, Si detectors are much thicker that drift detectors, which
transmit (and do not detect) most X-ray's over 12 KeV. Elements with L
series in the mid 10KeV range are difficult to deal with due to
overlaps. Working with the K series in the 15-25KeV range offers
significant advantage for those elements. The only barrier for some
TEM's is these detectors may not fit, and for our 2010F, the
anticontamination device (inside the pole piece) had to be modified. The
parts were expensive, but JEOL had the parts as a factory configuration
and the service engineers were able to pull the gun, split the column,
put everything back together, and start pumping in 7 hours, so don't be
afraid of doing the modification. For us it was well worth it.

John Mardinly
Intel

This is not an opinion of Intel Corporation.

-----Original Message-----
X-from: gary-at-gaugler.com [mailto:gary-at-gaugler.com]
Sent: Tuesday, September 04, 2007 8:51 PM
To: Mardinly, John

SDD has certainly had major advances. There are 10^2mm,
20^2mm and 40^2mm detectors. There might be some 30 units.
So far, my results are from SEM. But there is strong
correlation with STEM. I am using EDAX 40^2mm SDD...Apollo 40.

The latest generation of SDD by EDAX is totally awesome.
They replaced their Cryospec Clemenko cryocooler system with
this new SDD. They have 10^2mm or 40^2 mm. I am using the
Apollo 40. I can dump a huge amount of counts at it and
still keep DT low. The trick is to keep DT and resolution
in an area/zone where peaks are discernable. This means that
if you want high cps, you will need shorter time constants.
That said, resolution will degrade. If your Z list is wide,
that is not a problem. If close Z values, one must suffer
longer collection times and poor resolution between Z.

I cannot imagine a SDD that has the same resolution at every
time constant. You, as the operator, has to make a tradeoff
between clock time and accuracy.

SDD is the future, IMO. Si(LI) is history.

No financial interest in EDAX other than to hope
that they remain viable.


gary g.





At 05:53 PM 9/4/2007, you wrote:




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From: ahlst007-at-umn.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 11:38:58 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: Dewaxing leaf surface for SEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Tina,

In addition to using acetone or chloroform to
de-wax plant surfaces, as others have already
mentioned, another solution to use is acidified
DMP (2,2-dimethoxypropane).

DMP is actually intended to be used as a
dehydrating agent. Right after post-fixation
water rinses, you can add DMP and it reacts with
water to produce equal parts ethanol and acetone
so it dehydrates by chemical conversion of water
(endothermic) rather by physical diffusion of
water out into a dehydration series. You can go
direct into the critical point dryer (using
CO2) after 2nd change of acidified DMP (2x,
10-15' each). Usually add 1 drop (0.05 ml) of
conc. HCl to 100 ml DMP.

DMP has the side effect, or in this case the
benefit, of de-waxing plant surfaces.

The classic paper for DMP dehydration in EM is:

Rapid Chemical Dehydration of Samples for
Electron Microscopic Examinations. L.L. Muller
and T.J. Jacks. The Journal of Histochemistry
and Cytochemistry. Vol. 23, No. 2, pp.107-110, 1975.

Other papers:

2,2-Dimethoxypropane, a rapid dehydrating agent
for scanning electron microscopy. W.S.Johnson,
G.R. Hooper, B.F. Holdaway, and H.P. Rasumssen.
Micron, 1976, Vol. 7:305-306.

Rapid Chemical Dehydration of Biologic Samples
for Scanning Electron Microscopy using
2,2-Dimethoxypropane. Morton D. Maser and John
J. Trimble, III. The Journal of Histochemistry
and Cytochemistry. Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 247-251.
1977.

Optimization and Investigation of the Use of
2,2-Dimethoxypropane as a Dehydration Agent for
Plant Tissues in Transmission Electron
Microscopy. J.R. Thorpe and Diana M.R. Harvey.
Journal of Ultrastruture Research, 68, 186-194
(1979).

Hope this helps, or gives you another option to
try for de-waxing plant surfaces or for
dehydration in general.

Gib
--
Gilbert (Gib) Ahlstrand, Electron Microscopist,
Imaging Center, University of Minnesota
123 Snyder Hall
St. Paul, MN 55108
http://www.cbs.umn.edu/ic


-----------------------------------------------

tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu wrote:
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} Hi, All-
}
} I have a client who needs to remove wax from the surfaces of leaves so
} that she can count stomates in the FESEM. A first try at soaking the
} leaves in 2 changes of xylene, 10 minutes each, didn't do much at all. the
} leaves are highly papilose (is that a word? Have lots and lots of
} pappillae) and have lots of wax. Peels are not an option. Any suggestions
} appreciated!
}
} Aloha, Tina
}
} ****************************************************************************
} * Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
} * Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251 *
} * University of Hawaii at Manoa * http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
}

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From: dsoren-at-umich.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 12:41:54 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: TEM - cells on thermonox

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Martin,

To support the edges of your sections, you can mount them on formvar-
coated grids. That will keep them from curling and melting under the
electron beam.

Good luck!

Dotty Sorenson

On Sep 5, 2007, at 1:24 AM, martin-at-cmm.uwa.edu.au wrote:

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} I am posting the following on behalf of a colleague. Please address
} replies to Dr Peta Clode (peta.clode-at-uwa.edu.au).
}
} Thanks,
}
} Martin.
}
} Question:
}
} We are using TEM to look at cells that are grown on thermonox
} coverslips - however, when we try to section them for TEM the
} thermonox pulls away from the epoxy and we are left with our cells
} sitting along the edge of the section, which is largely unstable in
} the TEM. As such we have to remove the thermonox and re-embed them
} before sectioning, which rather defeats the purpose of using
} thermonox.
}
} Does anyone have any tips for preparing cells on thermonox for TEM?
}
} --
}
} *****************************************
}
} Dr. Martin Saunders,
} Deputy Director and Senior Lecturer,
} Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis,
} M010,
} The University of Western Australia,
} Crawley,
} Western Australia 6009,
} Australia.
}
} Phone: +61 8 6488 8092
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}
} *****************************************
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Dorothy Sorenson
Microscopy and Image-analysis Laboratory
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
University Of Michigan Medical School
A807 BSRB
109 Zina Pitcher Place
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200
(734)763-1170
FAX (734)763-1166



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From: sergey-at-seas.ucla.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 12:53:58 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] K (alfa) and K (beta) ratio

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear all:

I have a question regarding to characteristic X-Ray K (alfa) and K (beta)
lines intensities ratio. Books on X-Ray, like Cullity, states that the
ratio between K (alfa1) and K (beta1) lines is 5:1. However Goldstein in
his book on X-Ray microanalysis states that the ratio between intensities
of K (alfa) and K (beta) is 10:1. Both books are considered like a Bible
one in X-ray diffraction another in X-Ray microanalysis, so it can't be a
simple discrepancy.

Thanks,
Sergey




==============================Original Headers==============================
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6, 19 -- From: Sergey Prikhodko {sergey-at-seas.ucla.edu}
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From: walck-at-southbaytech.com
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 13:24:54 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] K (alfa) and K (beta) ratio

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I haven't checked this, but are you comparing apples to apples? You ask
about the ratio of Ka1 to Kb1 in Cullity and then Ka to Kb in Goldstein. Ka
includes both Ka1 and Ka2, etc. I believe that you can look up relative
intensities in the International X-ray Tables.


-Scott

Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
Technical Director
South Bay Technology, Inc.
1120 Via Callejon
San Clemente, CA 92673

US Toll Free: 1-800-728-2233
Tel: (949) 492-2600
Fax: (949) 492-1499

www.southbaytech.com
walck-at-southbaytech.com

-----Original Message-----
X-from: sergey-at-seas.ucla.edu [mailto:sergey-at-seas.ucla.edu]
Sent: Wednesday, September 05, 2007 10:56 AM
To: Walck-at-SouthBayTech.com

Dear all:

I have a question regarding to characteristic X-Ray K (alfa) and K (beta)
lines intensities ratio. Books on X-Ray, like Cullity, states that the ratio
between K (alfa1) and K (beta1) lines is 5:1. However Goldstein in his book
on X-Ray microanalysis states that the ratio between intensities of K (alfa)
and K (beta) is 10:1. Both books are considered like a Bible one in X-ray
diffraction another in X-Ray microanalysis, so it can't be a simple
discrepancy.

Thanks,
Sergey




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From: johnf-at-geology.wisc.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 13:27:04 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Images of worn thru W filament

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I have found that when I image a recently failed W filament, it
appears hollow where it failed (these are gently used filaments, with
months and months of service). I have placed 6 images on a web page
for you to view if interested. I would be interested in comments how
this (hollowing) phenomenon occurs.

www.geology.wisc.edu/~johnf/filament.html

Thanks

John F
--
========================================================
John Fournelle, Ph.D. office: (608) 262-7964 cell: (608) 438-7480
Cameron Electron Microprobe Lab lab: (608) 265-4798
Dept of Geology & Geophysics fax: (608) 262-0693
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Madison, WI 53706 amateur radio: WA3BTA
Personal http://www.geology.wisc.edu/~johnf/
Probe lab http://www.geology.wisc.edu/~johnf/sx51.html
Probe Sign Up Calender:
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"The first rule of all intelligent tinkering is to save every cog and
wheel." -- Aldo Leopold

"For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over
public relations, for Nature cannot be fooled." -- Richard P.
Feynman

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From: sergey-at-seas.ucla.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 14:38:12 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] RE: K (alfa) and K (beta) ratio

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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Hi Scott,

First of all, yes my question was not absolutely correct because, as you
mentioned I'm (actually Cullity and Goldstein) comparing slightly different
things, but I guess it must be some other answer to my question. My
understanding is that input of alfa 2 line will never make ratio of K alfa
and K beta lines changed from 10:1 to 5:1.

Sergey



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From: cni-at-udel.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 14:57:50 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] RE: K (alfa) and K (beta) ratio

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Sergey,

I think Cullity and Goldstein were possibly more specific. The ratio has to
be Z and other condition specific. For example, the count is not only
related to the initial localized X-ray yield (Z and primarily energy) but
also to the AF. You can get no Kb and a ratio of close to infinity for many
light elements, right?

-cni




-----Original Message-----
X-from: sergey-at-seas.ucla.edu [mailto:sergey-at-seas.ucla.edu]
Sent: Wednesday, September 05, 2007 3:40 PM
To: cni-at-UDel.Edu

Hi Scott,

First of all, yes my question was not absolutely correct because, as you
mentioned I'm (actually Cullity and Goldstein) comparing slightly different
things, but I guess it must be some other answer to my question. My
understanding is that input of alfa 2 line will never make ratio of K alfa
and K beta lines changed from 10:1 to 5:1.

Sergey



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From: allan.mitchell-at-stonebow.otago.ac.nz
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 16:06:01 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] TEM - cells on thermonox

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi

Following on from Garnet's reply have at look at the paper:

The axonal transmission of Herpes simplex virus to epidermal cells: a
novel use of the freeze substitution technique applied to explant
cultures retained on cover slips.

Journal of Microscopy Vol 192, Pt 11998 (pages 69 -72)

Although the method dexribed is used with thermonox and Lowicryl HM20
resin, the procedure works as well with with epoxy resin and Lowicryl
HM20 resin.

I like the idea of using a light vacuum as suggested by Garnet, I
haven't tried that.

Regards

Allan




Allan Mitchell
Otago Centre for Electron Microscopy
Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology
School of Medical Sciences
P.O. Box 913
Dunedin
New Zealand

Phone (03) 479 5642 or 479 7301
Fax (03) 479 5086 or 479 7254



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From: bozzola-at-siu.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 16:28:51 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: TEM - cells on thermonox

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This happens quite commonly when examining monolayers. Several things to try:

1. Use a supporting substrate (Formvar/carbon for example) to
collect the sections.

2. Grow the cells on epoxy substrate (if they will attach). Then
layer on the epoxy for the embedding and the cells should be
sandwiched.

JB



} We are using TEM to look at cells that are grown on thermonox
} coverslips - however, when we try to section them for TEM the
} thermonox pulls away from the epoxy and we are left with our cells
} sitting along the edge of the section, which is largely unstable in
} the TEM. As such we have to remove the thermonox and re-embed them
} before sectioning, which rather defeats the purpose of using
} thermonox.
}
} Does anyone have any tips for preparing cells on thermonox for TEM?
}
} --
}
} *****************************************
}
} Dr. Martin Saunders,
} Deputy Director and Senior Lecturer,
} Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis,
} M010,
} The University of Western Australia,
} Crawley,
} Western Australia 6009,
} Australia.
}
} Phone: +61 8 6488 8092
} Fax: +61 8 6488 1087
} E-mail: Martin.Saunders-at-uwa.edu.au
} CRICOS Provider No. 00126G
}
} *****************************************
}
}
} ==============================Original Headers==============================
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--
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

John J. Bozzola, Ph.D., Director
Integrated Microscopy & Graphics Expertise (IMAGE)
Southern Illinois University
750 Communications Drive - MC 4402
Carbondale, IL 62901
Telephone: 618-453-3730

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

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From: sergey-at-seas.ucla.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 16:41:54 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: K (alfa) and K (beta) ratio

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Thanks Chaoying,

You are right. Indeed the ratio depends on atomic number, but I expect if
this dependence was significantly different to light elements compare to
heavy ones any of mentioned above books would probably specify it, but they
don't. At the same time if this ratio could change in two times (from 10:1
to 5:1) for different elements there wouldn't be repayable approach (as
Goldstein suggest) to use ratio 10:1 for identification of elements which I
believe most of spectroscopists follow.

Sergey




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From: sergey-at-seas.ucla.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 17:35:25 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] K (alfa) and K (beta) ratio

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi again,

I think that Tom's answer is the closer one to reality trying to explain
the situation based on the way how signal is detected for both techniques,
but sorry again I'm not completely satisfied with his explanation. For
example, WDS (technique I'm not really familiar with) separates peaks based
on their diffraction angle, but when you look through the spectra in
Goldstein (second edition page 361, for example, Al K (alfa) and Al K
(beta)) the ratio is far from 5:1, how one could expect assuming that Tom's
explanation is right. I'm pretty sure a lot of people here are dealing with
WDS. What is the regular ratio between intensities of K (alfa) and K (beta)
lines one can experimentally measure in WDS?

Thanks,
Sergey




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From: kraftpiano-at-gmail.com
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 17:38:56 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: Images of worn thru W filament

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Could it be possible that the filament doesn't evaporate evenly? For
instance, if one area gets slightly thinner than another, then
evaporates off in a "bubble" until the final strand breaks. Imagine
blowing a bubble in a warm taffy string- it would weaken the overall
string until it broke, leaving the concave inside surfaces of the
bubble on either side of the string.

Granted, this is just a guess based on my experience with other
materials. It could be completely wrong. You have me interested,
though!

--Justin A. Kraft

On 9/5/07, johnf-at-geology.wisc.edu {johnf-at-geology.wisc.edu} wrote:
}
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} I have found that when I image a recently failed W filament, it
} appears hollow where it failed (these are gently used filaments, with
} months and months of service). I have placed 6 images on a web page
} for you to view if interested. I would be interested in comments how
} this (hollowing) phenomenon occurs.
}
} www.geology.wisc.edu/~johnf/filament.html
}
} Thanks
}
} John F
} --
} ========================================================
} John Fournelle, Ph.D. office: (608) 262-7964 cell: (608) 438-7480
} Cameron Electron Microprobe Lab lab: (608) 265-4798
} Dept of Geology & Geophysics fax: (608) 262-0693
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From: Colin.Veitch-at-csiro.au
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 17:43:50 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] re: oxygen deprivation

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi,

Further to John's comments, a number years ago in one of the CSIRO
laboratories a staff member died when they entered the nitrogen fridge
room in the evening. Several factors contributed to the accident. It
was 12 hours before he was found.

This incident caused a review of all liquid nitrogen and gases use
across our organisation. In our lab we use the blow off from a 2000
litre liquid nitrogen tank to provide gas for valves, cleaning etc.
This can generate enough gas to fill the laboratory several times over!
Several changes were made.

A valve was fitted to the main nitrogen gas line so that if
there was a rapid drop in pressure in the line the gas would be
shut off.

The lab was fitted with multiple oxygen sensors with a
monitoring station outside the lab. These are checked and
calibrated every 6 months.

Electronic locks were fitted to the doors and linked to the
sensors. If the oxygen level drops below 19.5% a VERY loud alarm
sounds and the doors lock to prevent entry. You can and must exit when
the alarm sounds. The only people who can open the doors once
they have been in an alarmed state are our emergency response crew who
have to use personal oxygen monitors and breathing apparatus to
enter.

We also have procedures in place if you need to enter the
laboratory after normal working hours or on weekends.

It took a little while to iron out the bugs but it works well now.

Just my 2 cents worth!

Cheers.


Colin Veitch

Electron Microscopist
CSIRO Textile and Fibre Technology
PO Box 21, BELMONT, Vic. 3216. Australia.
colin.veitch-at-csiro.au
http://www.tft.csiro.au

Ph +61 (0) 3 5246 4000
Mob 0438 538 475
Fax +61 (0) 3 5246 4811

The information contained in this e-mail message may be privileged or
confidential information. If you are not an intended recipient, you may
not copy, distribute or take any action in reliance on it. If you have
received this message in error, please telephone CSIRO Textile and Fibre
Technology on +61 3 5246 4000.


-----Original Message-----
X-from: john.mardinly-at-intel.com [mailto:john.mardinly-at-intel.com]
Sent: Wednesday, 5 September 2007 6:24 AM
To: Veitch, Colin (TFT, Geelong)

Back when we still had a darkroom with rotary doors, the safety people
asked us to put in extra heavy duty hoses for the nitrogen guns that we
used to blow off dust. We thought they were going overboard at first
when they chose 12,000 psi rated brake hoses, but this was judged much
cheaper than oxygen sensors, and when we thought about the scenario they
were designed to prevent, we thought it was OK. What is the scenario?
Imagine a hose fails in the middle of the night or weekend. The room
fills with nitrogen, displacing all of the air. A person entering the
darkroom through the rotary doors would be breathing 100% nitrogen, and
would pass out after taking one breath. Nobody on the outside would see
them. Anyone entering the darkroom would suffer the same fate. These
would become fatalities. Basically, the consequences of a nitrogen leak
were deemed so severe that 12,000 psi rated brake hose nitrogen lines
seemed reasonable when used in darkroom with rotary doors.

John Mardinly
Intel

This is not an opinion of Intel Corporation.

-----Original Message-----
X-from: nholson-at-ucsd.edu [mailto:nholson-at-ucsd.edu]
Sent: Tuesday, September 04, 2007 12:42 PM
To: Mardinly, John


--
Along this same line of thought, does anyone know of any in-room
sensor that can be purchased that emits an alarm if oxygen levels get
low. I am thinking of something that works like either a smoke alarm
or a carbon monoxide detector. We need to use ethane gas for our
cryo procedures and the safety people are causing an uproar about
that. These people tend to make a "one size fits all" type of
regulation that often has little relevance to specific situations.
If anyone has any specific product I would appreciate the info.

Norm Olson


______________________________________________________________
Norm Olson
Cryoelectron Microscopy Facilities Manager
1510 Bonner Hall
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, MC-0378
University of California San Diego
La Jolla, CA 92093-0378
nholson-at-ucsd.edu
http://cryoem.ucsd.edu
Cell: (858)220-2183
(858)822-6718 - Office; (858)534-5846 - Fax
______________________________________________________________

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From: gary-at-gaugler.com
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 17:57:56 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: Images of worn thru W filament

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

In the past, I used W filaments. As I recall,
the electrons are boiled off of tip and as this
happens, the W wire becomes thinner. When this
happens, some point on the filament (near the tip)
will experience high current density. Once this
starts, the filament is basically a fuse and it
blows. The weakest points are tri-grain boundaries.
This is likely the spot you saw where the W was
thin (high J) and tri-grain boundary.

There could be other explanations.

gary g.


At 10:28 AM 9/5/2007, you wrote:
} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- CoSponsor: The Microscopy Society of America


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From: connellyps-at-nhlbi.nih.gov
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 17:58:57 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: TEM - cells on thermonox

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Peta,

The purpose that many of us use the permanox for is to have the embedded
cells easily separate from the dish. They can then be mounted on top of
blank epon blocks for face-on sections or they can be "glued" together to
get cross sections of the cells. From what you have described you wish the
cross-sections. Others have suggested using the coated grids and that works
about 85% of the time if one has very flat cells like fibroblasts since
there is still some curling on many sections but if the cells are cuboidal
then this works fine nearly 100%.

I had presented a paper at M&M 1977 that Hayat has published in his
Principles and Techniques of Electron Microscopy 3rd and 4th editions
This was before permanox and one needed to get the cells out of standard
tissue culture dishes.
Note: Some Epon substitutes melt these dishes. LX112 from Ladd works as well
as the original Epon 812 that I was using then. I have not tried out the
epon substitutes from all the suppliers. All seem to work equally well with
Permanox.

Basically I would cure the epon for 24 hours at 60 degrees; cut it into
small rectangles that would fit into standard embedding molds - about 3x4
mm; place one piece cells up into the mold that was half full of epon
reserved from the previous day in the freezer+thawed to room temp. (same
batch) then in coverslip fashion put a second piece on top of the first with
the cell side down; fill the mold and put it into the oven for 2 days more.
This produces a sandwich of two layers of cells close together. One can put
two pieces from the same dish (twice the number of cells / section) or a
control with an experimental specimen in the same mold (no difference in
section thickness or staining) as long as one keeps track. I like the
control on the bottom of the mold, then when I trim, I trim the control side
flat and the experimental side with a wide angle so that it can be easily
determined on the TEM which side is being examined.

Cells should be lined up perpendicular to the knife edge and the bottom of
the block face should be trimmed so that there is no blank epon below the
cells. This block face can be as high as 3 mm if your sectioning window
allows but only 0.6 wide at the bottom and 0.4 or less at the top. If you
look in Hayat, the drawing should be half as wide as it looks. Yes, I have
done this many times.

Occasionally the stripes of epoxy will separate but usually one side will
stick well and coated grids can still be used.

Good luck,
Pat

Patricia Stranen Connelly
Lead Technologist
NHLBI Electron Microscopy Core
National Institutes of Health
14 Service Road South
Bldg. 14E ­ Rm. 111B MSC 5570
Bethesda, MD 20892-5570
Phone 301-496-3491
FAX 301-480-65
connellyps-at-mail.nih.gov





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From: wesaia-at-iastate.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 18:40:05 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] K (alfa) and K (beta) ratio

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Perhaps the truth is midway between the two sources (Cullity and
Goldstein), but I expect a lot has to do with the difference between WDS
and EDS. The Ka1 peak is about twice the height of the Ka2 peak. EDS
will not resolve the two peaks but will simply measure the sum of both.
Thus, if Ka1 is 5x the Kb1 peak and if Ka1 is 1.5x the Ka2 peak, Ka
(Ka1+Ka2 by EDS) should be 7.5x the Kb1 peak. It's not the 10x that
Goldstein quoted, but it's in the right ballpark.

The element effect also comes into play. I used our Oxford EDS system to
integrate the Ka and Kb peaks for Ca, Fe, and Ge for a 20 kV beam. The
ratios of the net peak integrals were 9.3, 7.5, and 6.6, respectively.
That is a substantial change across the range.

So what is the question again and why do you ask? How does it effect how
we do our work?

I use the MLK markers or my systems to give a rough idea of what is
present. I do not use them to determine if another element is hiding in
a mess of peaks. I _do_ examine the residuals between fitted and
original spectrum to make sure I have not missed an overlapping element.
For the fitting, I use my own peak shapes as much as possible and I deal
with the whole line series rather than with someone else's tabulated
information.

Warren Straszheim

For Ca
Window Range (keV) Gross Net % total
CaKa 3.487 to 3.868 51768 48398 90.2
CaKb 3.888 to 4.148 7415 5189 9.7
Ka/Kb = 9.3


For Fe
Label Range (keV) Gross Net % total
FeKa 6.028 to 6.688 57080 53527 88.6
FeKb 6.787 to 7.367 9464 7184 11.9
Ka/Kb = 7.5


For Ge
Window Range (keV) Gross Net % total
GeKa 9.568 to 10.208 18785 17086 86.8
GeKb 10.748 to 11.267 3680 2600 13.2
Ka/Kb = 6.6

Ge peak heights
Peak Gross Net
Ka 1880 1840
Kb 300 262
Bkgd 38 --
Ka/Kb = 7.0 (close to ratio of the integrals)

Marker lines show
Ka1 at 9.887 2520 cts
Ka2 at 9.855 1260 cts
Ka at 9.88 3780 cts

Kb1 at 10.982 360 cts
Kb2 at 11.101 14 cts
Kb at 11.00 370 cts

Ka1/Kb = 7.0 (close to ratio of the integrals)
Ka/Kb = 10.2 (~50% higher than the Ka1/Kb ratio)
Maybe Oxford choose to make the Ka1 marker the height of the combined Ka
emission since the peak height in EDS will be the sum of the Ka1 and Ka2
line contributions.

-----Original Message-----
X-from: sergey-at-seas.ucla.edu [mailto:sergey-at-seas.ucla.edu]
Sent: Wednesday, September 05, 2007 12:54 PM
To: wesaia-at-iastate.edu

Dear all:

I have a question regarding to characteristic X-Ray K (alfa) and K
(beta)
lines intensities ratio. Books on X-Ray, like Cullity, states that the
ratio between K (alfa1) and K (beta1) lines is 5:1. However Goldstein in

his book on X-Ray microanalysis states that the ratio between
intensities
of K (alfa) and K (beta) is 10:1. Both books are considered like a Bible

one in X-ray diffraction another in X-Ray microanalysis, so it can't be
a
simple discrepancy.

Thanks,
Sergey


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From: niels.de.jonge-at-vanderbilt.edu
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2007 23:03:23 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: Post-doc and graduate positions

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Email: niels.de.jonge-at-vanderbilt.edu
Name: Niels de Jonge

Organization: Vanderbilt University and Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Title-Subject: [Filtered] Post-doc and graduate positions in liquid and 3D STEM biomedical imaging at Vanderbilt University

Question: Post-doc and graduate positions are available for biologists, physicists and biophysicists at Vanderbilt University (Nashville, USA) in collaboration with Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Oak Ridge, USA) on liquid and 3D scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), new ways to achieve molecular level imaging of cells. Subjects range from physics of imaging in liquid, electron microscopy instrumentation, electron microscopy imaging with aberration corrected STEM, microfluidics, biochemistry of new molecular probes for liquid STEM, cell biology including specific labeling of proteins and molecular imaging. More information can be found on the website: https://www.mst.ornl.gov/Liquid3DSTEM

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From: kenconverse-at-qualityimages.biz
Date: Thu, 6 Sep 2007 08:19:51 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Images of worn thru W filament

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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John,
If you look at the way the W grains seem to be layered, it would appear to
me that the failure simply occurred along the grain boundaries.

Ken Converse
owner

QUALITY IMAGES
Servicing Scanning Electron Microscopes
Since 1981
474 So. Bridgton Rd.
Bridgton, ME 04009
207-647-4348
Fax 207-647-2688
kenconverse-at-qualityimages.biz
qualityimages.biz



-----Original Message-----
X-from: johnf-at-geology.wisc.edu [mailto:johnf-at-geology.wisc.edu]
Sent: Wednesday, September 05, 2007 2:30 PM
To: kenconverse-at-qualityimages.biz

I have found that when I image a recently failed W filament, it
appears hollow where it failed (these are gently used filaments, with
months and months of service). I have placed 6 images on a web page
for you to view if interested. I would be interested in comments how
this (hollowing) phenomenon occurs.

www.geology.wisc.edu/~johnf/filament.html

Thanks

John F
--
========================================================
John Fournelle, Ph.D. office: (608) 262-7964 cell: (608) 438-7480
Cameron Electron Microprobe Lab lab: (608) 265-4798
Dept of Geology & Geophysics fax: (608) 262-0693
University of Wisconsin home: (608) 274-2245
1215 West Dayton St. email: johnf-at-geology.wisc.edu
Madison, WI 53706 amateur radio: WA3BTA
Personal http://www.geology.wisc.edu/~johnf/
Probe lab http://www.geology.wisc.edu/~johnf/sx51.html
Probe Sign Up Calender:
http://www.microscopy.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/calendar/microprobe/calendar.cgi

"The first rule of all intelligent tinkering is to save every cog and
wheel." -- Aldo Leopold

"For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over
public relations, for Nature cannot be fooled." -- Richard P.
Feynman

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From: fschamber-at-aspexcorp.com
Date: Thu, 6 Sep 2007 09:59:56 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Images of worn thru W filament

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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John,
Those are quite remarkable images and I don't claim to have the
explanation. However, the following observations might be relevant:

First of all, that certainly is a "gently used" filament. That's clear
from the morphology of the wire surface, and I think this "gentle
failure" somehow plays a role in what you are seeing. I think this
also rules out an initial defect in the filament wire (e.g., an internal
void) since this would lead to an abrupt failure at the location of the
void.

It's well known that the typical end-of-life scenario for a tungsten
filament is a self-accelerating process. Through most of its life, the
end of the filament is at a fairly uniform temperature and evaporation
of metal is rather uniform across the tip of the filament. However,
some location will inevitably be thinner than the rest (generally at the
side of the V-tip where the wire has been stretched in the bending
process) and this thinner point will run a little hotter and evaporate a
little faster. The thinner it gets, the higher the local resistance,
the higher the temperature (relative to the rest of the filament) and
the greater the localized evaporation. At one point in my life I spent
a couple of months monitoring filaments through the lens of an optical
pyrometer and I can confirm what others have also noted, that it is hard
to detect any difference in wire diameter till very near the end, and
the final stages of thinning and failure go very quickly. On a couple
of occasions, I had the good fortune of observing the final death
throes. What I saw was a molten blob of metal that bridged the gap for
a brief period and sort of "danced" there before it separated and the
characteristic ball-shaped ends were formed. I think that the observed
mechanical oscillation also plays a role in the abrupt death since the
differential heating becomes even more extreme where the molten blob
necks down so that the final separation is almost "explosive." But that
scenario isn't what happened here, IMHO.

A lesser known, but potentially relevant fact is that the predominant
mechanism for dissipation of the filament's heat is radiation -- as I
recall from the mathematical modeling I did long ago, something like 2/3
of the heat generated in the tip of a typically-operated tungsten
filament is dissipated as light (conduction accounts for the rest --
energy dissipation via electron emission is negligible). Since light
emission is a surface effect, it stands to reason that the surface of
the wire is ever-so-slightly cooler than the interior. Consequently,
one would *expect* that melting would begin in the core of the wire, but
under normal circumstances this quickly involves the surface too.
(Somebody who knows more about metallurgy might want to comment on the
sensibility of this assessment.)

Is it possible that this particular filament lived its life so sedately
that the end-of-life melting event was so gradual that it was confined
to the core of the wire, rather than melting on the surface? (Perhaps
some metallurgical effect also slightly raised the melting point of the
surface.) In any case, from the visual evidence, it looks to me like
this filament became liquid on the inside and then simply "broke" (note
how there is really little or no gap between the severed ends). That
*could* account for the hollow center. What it doesn't explain for me
is where the molten metal went. It's an admittedly bizarre theory, but
maybe it has some merit.

Anyway, thanks John for an intriguing puzzle.

Fred Schamber
Aspex Corporation



-----Original Message-----
X-from: johnf-at-geology.wisc.edu [mailto:johnf-at-geology.wisc.edu]
Sent: Wednesday, September 05, 2007 1:33 PM
To: Fred Schamber

I have found that when I image a recently failed W filament, it
appears hollow where it failed (these are gently used filaments, with
months and months of service). I have placed 6 images on a web page
for you to view if interested. I would be interested in comments how
this (hollowing) phenomenon occurs.

www.geology.wisc.edu/~johnf/filament.html

Thanks

John F
--
========================================================
John Fournelle, Ph.D. office: (608) 262-7964 cell: (608)
438-7480
Cameron Electron Microprobe Lab lab: (608) 265-4798
Dept of Geology & Geophysics fax: (608) 262-0693
University of Wisconsin home: (608) 274-2245
1215 West Dayton St. email: johnf-at-geology.wisc.edu
Madison, WI 53706 amateur radio: WA3BTA
Personal http://www.geology.wisc.edu/~johnf/
Probe lab http://www.geology.wisc.edu/~johnf/sx51.html
Probe Sign Up Calender:
http://www.microscopy.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/calendar/microprobe/calendar.cgi

"The first rule of all intelligent tinkering is to save every cog and
wheel." -- Aldo Leopold

"For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over
public relations, for Nature cannot be fooled." -- Richard P.
Feynman

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From: tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu
Date: Thu, 6 Sep 2007 15:04:48 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Thanks! Re: Dewaxing leaf surface for SEM

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Hi, all-

Thanks for all the suggestions for dewaxing leaf surfaces for SEM. The
student now has several things to try!

Aloha, Tina

****************************************************************************
* Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
* Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251 *
* University of Hawaii at Manoa * http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
****************************************************************************


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From: dparmiter-at-ncifcrf.gov
Date: Thu, 6 Sep 2007 17:46:41 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] [viaWWW: EM tissue processor opinions

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Email: dparmiter-at-ncifcrf.gov
Name: David Parmiter

Organization: Nanotechnology Characterization Lab

Title-Subject: [Filtered] EM tissue processor opinions

Question: Hello all -

My organization is looking to purchase an EM tissue processor with a resin polymerizer, and I'd like to know if anyone works with or has worked with these instruments and has any opinions they would care to share about the efficiency, ease of use, and quality of these machines.

Thanks kindly!

- David Parmiter

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From: beaurega-at-westol.com
Date: Thu, 6 Sep 2007 21:14:42 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Images of worn thru W filament

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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John,

I have reviewed what Fred said and your images. I haven't received a
posting from the list server for two months. Then I got this one. I
called Fred and he said it came from the list server, not him.

In the last image you have a fractured area on the right side of the left
part of the filament. On the right filament and in the back is the melting
point of the failure. This is a strange type of failure. I have never
seen it before.

At the end of a filament life, the grain boundaries increase in resistance
and material is evaporated from those grain boundary areas first. That
explains why you see the crystalline features in the images that look like
etchings. The low mag shot shows that the filament was thinned on the
sides like a normal filament that is not raised to extreme temperatures
during initial use. I believe you ran this filament at reduced emission
(increased self-bias resistance) but I could be wrong.

Near the end of life, the filament undergoes an exponential increase in
heat dissipation at the future point of failure. That occurs at a lower
current than is normally seen during normal filament usage. Why? The
total resistance is increasing from thinning. How can it use less current,
have less heat dissipation (I²Rt) and still melt the filament? I wrote an
article about the failure of filaments, why they fail on the sides, modeled
the failure mathematically, and what actually happens electronically during
the failure and even what could happen after the failure. MT did not
publish this article. I could post it but there are three figures that
can't be posted to the list server.

At the end of life, the heat dissipation SHIFTS from the other areas of
normal evaporation rates to the future point of failure. So even with less
power supplied, the resistance locally at the point of failure is increased
from thinning and that together with the increased heat dissipation melts
the metal at that point. Fred is right. The resistance does increase but
why doesn't the decrease in current prevent failure? The heat dissipation
at the point of NO failure actually drops during the exponential failure.
At the point of failure, heat dissipation increases exponentially and if it
could continue, it would reach a peak of heat dissipation. That never
happens. This is clearly seen in the images and figures I created but it
was not published.

Your failure does seem to be bizarre. Somehow you evaporated the metal at
the point of failure at a very slow rate, IMHO.

This is suggested by your fracture pattern on the left segment by the small
cross section of fracture. The right segment does show some melting. So
the power supplied did cause a critical failure even at reduced currents
and small equivalent diameters. The diameter of the failure is very small
indeed. So my speculation is that you ran on the false peak (or valley
point), at a much lower self-bias setting, and/or at under saturation on
the final rise to full saturation. The analysis of the false peak and its
cause is complicated and takes more than 10,000 words to explain. Filament
failure is bad enough.

So where were you operating and how? K. Heinrich clearly showed the
overlap of sample or target currents with emission current and filament
current in his diagrams about microprobes in his book in 1981. Look at how
the plateau position varies with self-bias and the temperature of the
filament plotted as voltage applied to the filament for heating. The
X-axis' all have the same scale for all the plots.
(Notice the TWO false peaks. Did the sides of the filament heat up twice?
No, that side filament emission theory is not exactly correct.)
I suspect that you operated at low emission currents and that allowed a
VERY slow evaporation and thinning of the filament. I did this in a TEM
and would get 6+ months per filament but I used an image analysis computer
to boost up the brightness enough to operate for months on one filament. I
stayed way to the left of the plateaus shown in Heinrich. I was TEM
viewing screen saturated at lower self-bias but the temp was way lower.

I had two Heinrich page links corrected to show the proper self-bias
ratings. I guess I'll use this one.
http://www4.nau.edu/microanalysis/Microprobe/Column-ElectronGun.html

Notice how the start of the saturation plateau shifts with bias along the
X-axis. Now notice that the scale of the X-axis is really filament
temperature. Now notice that the emission current is a Michael Schaf's
"monotonic rise" (Dec 2003) and where the plateau is located for each bias
setting. At the higher bias, the plateau is shifted to LOWER temperatures.
This is why I feel that your slower rate of tungsten evaporation caused
the strange failure you saw in your images and that you used a really low
evaporation rate by one of two or three routes.

Try this. Look at the lower sample saturation plateau. Now go up to the
proper emission curve. Look at where you are on the emission plateau of
the filament. Now do that for the lower bias. You are way up on the
saturation plateau of the emission currents now. Now repeat this and look
at the heating temperatures. Heinrich is clear. The use of the saturation
plateau of the specimen (target) current is not very accurate in
determining where you are on the emission (meter) plateau. In his figures,
it is clear that a lower bias raises the temperature of the filament at
"saturation" on the X-axis. At saturation on the specimen or sample, you
are way further up than you think you are on the emission curve.
Further increases on the X-axis beyond the start of the emission plateau,
only evaporates more tungsten. The reason for this increased temp in
practical use is to shift the plane of a net force of zero acceleration
field for electrons closer to the tip of the filament, AKA the poorly named
Zero Equipotential (ZEP).

Filament wire is pulled or drawn out of a die. If you had a defective
cavity in the wire, then the wire should have failed during this process.
It is not impossible for a cavity to form and survive but is highly
improbable, IMO.

Another possibility is that you over heated the filament initially but
quickly turned the filament down. That might have damaged the grain in the
hottest part of the filament behind the tip but on the sides. This should
cause an increase in resistance and a higher rate of evaporation at that
point. If the grain boundaries "hollowed out" first, then maybe the
interior grain evaporated from the increased heat dissipation seen but you
operated at a lower emission current. So you still saw a decent filament
life. But evaporative thinning will get you in the end based on operating
temps of tungsten.

JMO based on my studies and my article on the "Heating Effects of Tungsten
Wire" (and Nichrome wire).

I may not see any replies unless you include my email address. It could be
a list server problem but it could also be my ISP's spam "cleaning" software.

HTH,

Paul Beauregard
Senior Research Associate, emeritus
Greensburg, PA


At 10:00 AM 9/6/07 -0500, you wrote:
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From: kraftpiano-at-gmail.com
Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2007 02:59:01 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Penning gauge confusion.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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I think I'm missing something basic here, but it's 4:00 in the morning
and I can't figure this one out. I'm trying to get my SEM vacuum
system's piranni gauge sensors calibrated (They were way off, allowing
the HV to switch on at just a little below 1 atm!). I'm using a
Penning 8 controller with a Penning model CP25-K sensor head. Both
are manufactured by Edwards.

The scale reading on the gauge starts at 10E-5 on the left side (Using
scale 1) and goes to 10E-2 on the right hand side. I plugged the
sensor head directly on my vacuum pump to see if the meter works, and
as the vacuum increases, the needle goes from left to right, or,
according to the labeling behind the needle, from .00001 torr (As it
is read on the meter, even though the sensor is at 1 atm) and
eventually settled on .001 torr, and doesn't move. Now, I'm not
getting any movement on the piranni gauges either, so the vacuum is
not changing.

When I had the pump connected directly to the meter, the needle went
from left to right. I switched scales to scale 2, and the needle
again went from left to right.

So, my confusion is why does the labeling on the gauge go from high
vacuum to low vacuum as you go left to right, and the needle goes from
low vacuum to high vacuum as you go from left to right. It seems
backwards.

Granted, there is probably something stupid I'm missing...

--Justin A. Kraft

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From: contact-at-integrityscientific.com
Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2007 04:32:09 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Using moire fringes to calculate thickness

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Dear Renu,
I haven't seen any other responses to your question, so...

I'm assuming you're using TEM and that the moire fringes you're seeing arise when you have two (or more) sheets of overlapping material. In which case they will be 'rotation' moire fringes due to differences in the orientation of the crystal planes in the two sheets; and possibly 'dilatation' moire fringes also if you are exciting different diffraction conditions in the two plates (e.g. 111 and 110 planes happen to be close to parallel and they're both diffracting).
IF you can work out which diffraction condition holds in each of the two plates you can work out the orientation relationship between them very accurately using the moire fringe spacing; they will also show up any dislocations in the material very nicely. But I can't think of any way to get sample thickness from them. Probably the easiest way to get thickness is to identify features on the surfaces of the platelets and use geometry. Take some stereo pairs (which are fun to do anyway!)


Richard

Integrity Scientific Ltd
www.integrityscientific.com


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From: kenconverse-at-qualityimages.biz
Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2007 06:00:33 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Penning gauge confusion.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Justin,
A Penning gauge will often strike at pressures higher than it can read. At
those higher pressures, the conductivity of the gases is quite low which is
why you get the better vacuum readings which then appear to degrade as the
vacuum actually gets better and ionization improves, coming into a
logarithmic range that gives accurate readings.

If you are going to test the RP, use either a pirani gauge or a thermocouple
gauge. Penning gauges are designed for lower pressures than a questionable
RP can produce. Once you can determine that there is, in fact, a high
vacuum (above the DP), the Penning gauge can be used to set the zero point
for the pirani or TC gauge in the high vacuum area, but using it to try and
read a rough vacuum is not a good idea. Pirani or TC gauges in areas that
never see a high vacuum can then be calibrated to the gauge (or gauges) that
do see high vac and have been calibrated from atmosphere to "0", usually
somewhere around 10E-3 to 10E-4 Torr (1.0 to 0.1 microns). If "0" is set at
10E-5T or better, this can be considered calibrated.

Ken Converse
owner

QUALITY IMAGES
Servicing Scanning Electron Microscopes
Since 1981
474 So. Bridgton Rd.
Bridgton, ME 04009
207-647-4348
Fax 207-647-2688
kenconverse-at-qualityimages.biz
qualityimages.biz



-----Original Message-----
X-from: kraftpiano-at-gmail.com [mailto:kraftpiano-at-gmail.com]
Sent: Friday, September 07, 2007 4:02 AM
To: kenconverse-at-qualityimages.biz

I think I'm missing something basic here, but it's 4:00 in the morning and I
can't figure this one out. I'm trying to get my SEM vacuum system's piranni
gauge sensors calibrated (They were way off, allowing the HV to switch on at
just a little below 1 atm!). I'm using a Penning 8 controller with a
Penning model CP25-K sensor head. Both are manufactured by Edwards.

The scale reading on the gauge starts at 10E-5 on the left side (Using scale
1) and goes to 10E-2 on the right hand side. I plugged the sensor head
directly on my vacuum pump to see if the meter works, and as the vacuum
increases, the needle goes from left to right, or, according to the labeling
behind the needle, from .00001 torr (As it is read on the meter, even though
the sensor is at 1 atm) and eventually settled on .001 torr, and doesn't
move. Now, I'm not getting any movement on the piranni gauges either, so
the vacuum is not changing.

When I had the pump connected directly to the meter, the needle went from
left to right. I switched scales to scale 2, and the needle again went from
left to right.

So, my confusion is why does the labeling on the gauge go from high vacuum
to low vacuum as you go left to right, and the needle goes from low vacuum
to high vacuum as you go from left to right. It seems backwards.

Granted, there is probably something stupid I'm missing...

--Justin A. Kraft

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From: dac-at-research.umass.edu
Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2007 09:59:20 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: Penning gauge confusion.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Justin,

Maybe I can help. The key is that {for the intended range of vacuum} the
Penning gauge current decreases with decreasing PRESSURE - there are
less molecules to ionize and cause a current. However, it is not linear
over the whole pressure range, and typically becomes nonlinear at
something like 2x10-4 torr and at sufficiently high pressure the
discharge extinguishes completely (like a sputter coater at too high a
pressure) and the gauge will indicate to the left, like a very good
vacuum, but basically VERY poor vacuum. So I think this is why the
vacuum may seem to get worse (left to right meter movement) initially -
then probably falls (?).

Pirani gages are often used to enable the discharge gage only at about
1x10-2 torr so that you don't get a "false minimum" indication. The
Kinney discharge gage is representative of general discharge (Penning)
performance.

} Kinney Discharge Gage NOTE the non-linear response at } 2x10-4 mTorr
}
} mTorr Torr Microamps
} 10.0000 1.00E-02 1800
} 2.0000 2.00E-03 1700
} 1.0000 1.00E-03 1600
} 5.00E-04 1500
} 3.00E-04 1300
} 2.00E-04 1000
} 0.1000 1.00E-04 500
} 0.0100 1.00E-05 50
} 0.0010 1.00E-06 5
} 0.0001 1.00E-07 0.5


And pirani gauges themselves are not very sensitive right up to
atmosphere - you have probably noticed that there is a lag in the
deflection as the rough pump is initially switched on.

(I separately sent Justin attachements that can't go to the list - Excel
and OpenOffice versions of spreadsheets that have some Discharge Gage
and Pirani gage info I had compiled for a re-work of a Kinney Vacuum
Discharge/Thermocouple gage set. I can post this on my webspace or email
anyone interested....)

Dale


kraftpiano-at-gmail.com wrote:
} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- CoSponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver
} On-Line Help http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
}
} I think I'm missing something basic here, but it's 4:00 in the morning
} and I can't figure this one out. I'm trying to get my SEM vacuum
} system's piranni gauge sensors calibrated (They were way off, allowing
} the HV to switch on at just a little below 1 atm!). I'm using a
} Penning 8 controller with a Penning model CP25-K sensor head. Both
} are manufactured by Edwards.
}
} The scale reading on the gauge starts at 10E-5 on the left side (Using
} scale 1) and goes to 10E-2 on the right hand side. I plugged the
} sensor head directly on my vacuum pump to see if the meter works, and
} as the vacuum increases, the needle goes from left to right, or,
} according to the labeling behind the needle, from .00001 torr (As it
} is read on the meter, even though the sensor is at 1 atm) and
} eventually settled on .001 torr, and doesn't move. Now, I'm not
} getting any movement on the piranni gauges either, so the vacuum is
} not changing.
}
} When I had the pump connected directly to the meter, the needle went
} from left to right. I switched scales to scale 2, and the needle
} again went from left to right.
}
} So, my confusion is why does the labeling on the gauge go from high
} vacuum to low vacuum as you go left to right, and the needle goes from
} low vacuum to high vacuum as you go from left to right. It seems
} backwards.
}
} Granted, there is probably something stupid I'm missing...
}
} --Justin A. Kraft
}
} ==============================Original Headers==============================
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} 6, 27 -- Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2007 03:59:00 -0400
} 6, 27 -- From: "Justin Kraft" {kraftpiano-at-gmail.com}
} 6, 27 -- To: microscopy-at-microscopy.com
} 6, 27 -- Subject: Penning gauge confusion.
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--
} {(((º}
L L
} {(((º} .·´¯`·.¸ {º)))} { ¸.·´¯`·.¸ } {(((º} ¸.·´¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

Dale A. Callaham
Central Microscopy Facility
The University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003


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From: dac-at-research.umass.edu
Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2007 10:18:42 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Penning gauge confusion.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

At the risk of wasting bandwidth, it seems to me that the essential
part of this discussion really concerns the mechanism of action of a
Penning gauge. That is, that there is a high voltage applied between
a central electrode and ground (generally the wall of the tube). The
central electrode is mounted at a distance from wall of the tube, and
insulated from it. The gauge then measures the current between these
points. Current can only flow when there are enough ions between the
electrodes. Current will not flow when there are too few ions, such
as at a high vacuum, or when the flow of ions is impeded by lots of
other uncharged molecules, at low vacuum. Thus, as others have said,
if one starts following a Penning gauge shortly after beginning a
vacuum run, it will start reading low current. As the vacuum
improves, the current will increase (due to more ions), but then, as
the vacuum becomes even better, the current will then decrease again.

Joel


Date sent: Fri, 7 Sep 2007 09:59:32 -0500
To: jbs-at-temple.edu
X-from: dac-at-research.umass.edu
Send reply to: dac-at-research.umass.edu

One other thing is that the design of most discharge gage meter units
supplies something like 2200-2700V to the central electrode, but always
this should have a limiting resistor (1M ohm is typical) to prevent
electrocutions and limit power dissipation - it also reduces the actual
voltage at the gage dependent on current (IR drop across the resistor)
and this more severe foldback is part of the non-linear response typical
of the discharge gage units that is not an intrinsic part of Penning
discharge characteristics due only to higher pressue.

Dale

Joel Sheffield wrote:
} At the risk of wasting bandwidth, it seems to me that the essential
} part of this discussion really concerns the mechanism of action of a
} Penning gauge. That is, that there is a high voltage applied between
} a central electrode and ground (generally the wall of the tube). The
} central electrode is mounted at a distance from wall of the tube, and
} insulated from it. The gauge then measures the current between these
} points. Current can only flow when there are enough ions between the
} electrodes. Current will not flow when there are too few ions, such
} as at a high vacuum, or when the flow of ions is impeded by lots of
} other uncharged molecules, at low vacuum. Thus, as others have said,
} if one starts following a Penning gauge shortly after beginning a
} vacuum run, it will start reading low current. As the vacuum
} improves, the current will increase (due to more ions), but then, as
} the vacuum becomes even better, the current will then decrease again.
}
} Joel
}
}
} Date sent: Fri, 7 Sep 2007 09:59:32 -0500
} To: jbs-at-temple.edu
} From: dac-at-research.umass.edu
} Send reply to: dac-at-research.umass.edu
} Subject: [Microscopy] Re: Penning gauge confusion.
}
} }
} }
} } ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
} } The Microscopy ListServer -- CoSponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} } To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver
} } On-Line Help http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} } ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
} }
} } Hi Justin,
} }
} } Maybe I can help. The key is that {for the intended range of vacuum} the
} } Penning gauge current decreases with decreasing PRESSURE - there are
} } less molecules to ionize and cause a current. However, it is not linear
} } over the whole pressure range, and typically becomes nonlinear at
} } something like 2x10-4 torr and at sufficiently high pressure the
} } discharge extinguishes completely (like a sputter coater at too high a
} } pressure) and the gauge will indicate to the left, like a very good
} } vacuum, but basically VERY poor vacuum. So I think this is why the
} } vacuum may seem to get worse (left to right meter movement) initially -
} } then probably falls (?).
} }
} } Pirani gages are often used to enable the discharge gage only at about
} } 1x10-2 torr so that you don't get a "false minimum" indication. The
} } Kinney discharge gage is representative of general discharge (Penning)
} } performance.
} }
} } } Kinney Discharge Gage NOTE the non-linear response at } 2x10-4 mTorr
} } }
} } } mTorr Torr Microamps
} } } 10.0000 1.00E-02 1800
} } } 2.0000 2.00E-03 1700
} } } 1.0000 1.00E-03 1600
} } } 5.00E-04 1500
} } } 3.00E-04 1300
} } } 2.00E-04 1000
} } } 0.1000 1.00E-04 500
} } } 0.0100 1.00E-05 50
} } } 0.0010 1.00E-06 5
} } } 0.0001 1.00E-07 0.5
} }
} }
} } And pirani gauges themselves are not very sensitive right up to
} } atmosphere - you have probably noticed that there is a lag in the
} } deflection as the rough pump is initially switched on.
} }
} } (I separately sent Justin attachements that can't go to the list - Excel
} } and OpenOffice versions of spreadsheets that have some Discharge Gage
} } and Pirani gage info I had compiled for a re-work of a Kinney Vacuum
} } Discharge/Thermocouple gage set. I can post this on my webspace or email
} } anyone interested....)
} }
} } Dale
} }
} }
} } kraftpiano-at-gmail.com wrote:
} } } ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
} } } The Microscopy ListServer -- CoSponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} } } To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver
} } } On-Line Help http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} } } ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
} } }
} } } I think I'm missing something basic here, but it's 4:00 in the morning
} } } and I can't figure this one out. I'm trying to get my SEM vacuum
} } } system's piranni gauge sensors calibrated (They were way off, allowing
} } } the HV to switch on at just a little below 1 atm!). I'm using a
} } } Penning 8 controller with a Penning model CP25-K sensor head. Both
} } } are manufactured by Edwards.
} } }
} } } The scale reading on the gauge starts at 10E-5 on the left side (Using
} } } scale 1) and goes to 10E-2 on the right hand side. I plugged the
} } } sensor head directly on my vacuum pump to see if the meter works, and
} } } as the vacuum increases, the needle goes from left to right, or,
} } } according to the labeling behind the needle, from .00001 torr (As it
} } } is read on the meter, even though the sensor is at 1 atm) and
} } } eventually settled on .001 torr, and doesn't move. Now, I'm not
} } } getting any movement on the piranni gauges either, so the vacuum is
} } } not changing.
} } }
} } } When I had the pump connected directly to the meter, the needle went
} } } from left to right. I switched scales to scale 2, and the needle
} } } again went from left to right.
} } }
} } } So, my confusion is why does the labeling on the gauge go from high
} } } vacuum to low vacuum as you go left to right, and the needle goes from
} } } low vacuum to high vacuum as you go from left to right. It seems
} } } backwards.
} } }
} } } Granted, there is probably something stupid I'm missing...
} } }
} } } --Justin A. Kraft
} } }
} } } ==============================Original Headers==============================
} } } 6, 27 -- From kraftpiano-at-gmail.com Fri Sep 7 02:59:01 2007
} } } 6, 27 -- Received: from nz-out-0506.google.com (nz-out-0506.google.com [64.233.162.236])
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} } } 6, 27 -- From: "Justin Kraft" {kraftpiano-at-gmail.com}
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} } } 6, 27 -- Subject: Penning gauge confusion.
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} } } {(((º}
} } L L
} } } {(((º} .·´¯`·.¸ {º)))} { ¸.·´¯`·.¸ } {(((º} ¸.·´¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
} }
} } Dale A. Callaham
} } Central Microscopy Facility
} } The University of Massachusetts
} } Amherst, MA 01003
} }
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} --
} Joel B. Sheffield, Ph.D.
} Biology Department, Temple University
} 1900 North 12th Street
} Philadelphia, PA 19122
} jbs-at-temple.edu
} (215) 204 8839, fax (215) 204 0486
} http://astro.temple.edu/~jbs
}

--
} {(((º}
L L
} {(((º} .·´¯`·.¸ {º)))} { ¸.·´¯`·.¸ } {(((º} ¸.·´¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

Dale A. Callaham
Central Microscopy Facility
The University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003


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From: mckimmye-at-gmail.com
Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2007 19:22:58 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: Polarized Light microscopy of quartz

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Email: mckimmye-at-gmail.com
Name: Emily McKimmy

Title-Subject: [Filtered] Polarized Light microscopy of quartz

Question: I am interested in quartz content of various clays (hectorites and bentonites). I know from XRD that there is quartz present (0.1-5%). What I want to know is is there a way to differentiate the quartz from the clay visually using polarized light microscopy? What would the sample preparation involve? I have an old Zeiss polarized light microscope and an inexperienced user of polarized light scopes.

Thanks,
Emily


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From: rnichols-at-bcm.com
Date: Sat, 8 Sep 2007 10:21:02 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: Used Water Chiller Wanted

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Email: rnichols-at-bcm.com
Name: ralph nichols

Organization: Baylor College of Medicine

Title-Subject: [Filtered] Used Water Chiller Wanted

Question: I want to kmow if anyone out there have a used water chiller unit for sale? The unit is for a Zeiss 902
TEM.

Ralph Nichols

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From: hoelyas-at-yahoo.com
Date: Sat, 8 Sep 2007 11:26:39 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: Zeiss EM900 TEM

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Email: hoelyas-at-yahoo.com
Name: Hossein

Organization: laboratory

Title-Subject: [Filtered] EM900 service

Question: Hi, all
I have a Zeiss EM900 TEM,when switch it on the "water check" lamp glows, our serviceman needs the service manual our at least it's schematic diagram,to repair it,would someone help me
please?
Best Regard ,H.Elyas
hoelyas-at-yahoo.com

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From: randerson20-at-tampabay.rr.com
Date: Sun, 9 Sep 2007 10:23:48 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Microscopy Today September 2007 Table of Contents

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Listers,

Here is the September 2007 Microscopy Today table of contents. I will
close the subscription list for this issue on Thursday September 13th,
2007.

Microscopists in North America and MSA members anywhere qualify for free
subscriptions. Anyone else may subscribe for US$50 per year (to
PARTIALLY cover postage). All subscriptions at
http://www.microscopy-today.com . Subscription rate for non-qualified
readers will go to US$60 in 2008.

Thank you.

Ron Anderson, Editor
================================
Directing Traffic in Lymph Nodes
Stephen W. Carmichael and Ellen D. Remstein, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

Multi-Length Scale Characterization of the Gibeon Meteorite using
Electron Backscatter Diffraction
Matthew M. Nowell and John O. Carpenter, EDAX-TSL, Draper UT

SEM Provides Critical Process Information in Pharmaceutical Applications
Ben Lich, FEI Company, Hillsboro, OR

Optimal Noise Filters in High-Resolution Electron Microscopy
K. Ishizuka, P. H. C. Eilers* and T. Kogure**, HREM Research Inc.,
Higashimatsuyama, Japan, *Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands,
**University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Quantification of Contaminant Removal by Evactron Cleaning Using Quartz
Crystal Thickness Monitors
Christopher G. Morgan, Mark M. Gleason and Ronald Vane, XEI Scientific,
Inc., Redwood City, CA

Reconstructing What Was: Software Applied to Serial Section TEM
Marcia D. Feinberg and John C. Fiala, Boston University, Boston MA

Overcoming Challenges in Material Science Testing with the use of Large
Specimen SEM Analysis
Adriana Romero, VisiTec of America LLC, Knoxville, TN

Microscopic analysis of magmatic crystals ? Part 2: A SEM study of the
stability of accessory zircon under increasing metamorphic conditions
Robert Sturm, Department of Materials Engineering and Physics,
University of Salzburg/Austria

Specimen Preparation for SEM examination of Thin Polymer Films
Gan Phay Fang, Science & Technology Innovative Centre, Ansell Shah Alam
Sdn Bhd, Selangor, Malaysia

Applications of Focused Ion Beam (FIB) on Yeast Cell & SARS Virus
H. L. Hing1, C. Burkhardt2, P. Gnauck2, S. Sally3, H. Gelderbloms4, Y.
Muranaka5, M.A. Kaswandi1, A.H. A. Aziz1 & A.Z. Sahalan1. 1National
University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 2(NMI), Reutlingen, Germany,
3National University, Canberra, Australia, 4Robert Koch Institut,
Berlin, Germany, 5 Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu,
Japan

Advanced Metallographic Techniques Applied to Diesel Particulate Filters
Natalio Saenz, Heather Dillon, Shelley Carlson, & Gary Maupin, Battelle
PNNL, Richland, WA

New Approaches to Managing, Marketing, and Money for Maintaining a Core
Facility (4Ms)
Part 3: Marketing and Managing a Research Core/Facility
Pankaj Sharma, Purdue University

The Beginnings of the Southeastern Microscopy Society
W. Gray (Jay) Jerome, SEMS Historian

Industry News

NetNotes
SPECIMEN PREPARATION - colloidal gold conjugation of proteins
SPECIMEN PREPARATION ? paraffin dewaxing
SPECIMEN PREPARTION ? measuring resin components
SPECIMEN PREPARATION ? fixation of low pH extremophiles
SPECIMEN PREPARATION ? UV polymerization
SPECIMEN PREPARATION - SEM glue without carbon
TEM ? calibration
TEM - 120 Kev vs 200 Kev instruments
TEM ? cause of specimen damage
TEM & SEM terminology - kV or keV?
ELECTRON MICROPROBE - carbon coater
SEM/EDX - thin film thickness measurement**

Advertiser's Index






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From: dsherman-at-purdue.edu
Date: Sun, 9 Sep 2007 12:24:00 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Historical scanning books

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi all,

I have a whole series of proceedings for Scanning electron microscopy
starting in 1968 and going through the early 80's.

The first one is the proceedings of the Symposium on the Scanning Electron
Microscope: the instrument and its applications held on April 30-May 1, 1968
in Chicago.

The others are every year through 1982.

They are free to anyone who will pay shipping. Otherwise they will be
discarded.

Debby

Debby Sherman, Director Phone: 765-494-6666
Life Science Microscopy Facility FAX: 765-494-5896
Purdue University E-mail: dsherman-at-purdue.edu
S-052 Whistler Building
170 S. University Street
West Lafayette, IN 47907
http://www.agriculture.purdue.edu/microscopy


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From: larry-at-cymru666.plus.com
Date: Sun, 9 Sep 2007 13:37:52 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Vacancy with JEOL UK

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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JEOL UK, as part of the expansion of its Electron Optics division,
has a vacancy for a Sales Executive. The successful candidate will
have a good knowledge of electron optical instrumentation and whilst
sales experience is desirable, it is not essential.

JEOL UK has an experienced and successful sales team that the
successful candidate should be able to fit in with and complement the
existing sales people.

If you are interested in this position, please contact
amys-at-jeoluk.com with your current CV.

--
Larry Stoter
JEOL (UK) Ltd
tel: +44-(0)1707-377117, fax: +44-(0)1707-373254, e-mail: larrys-at-jeoluk.com

PLEASE NOTE - Agressive SPAM filtering is employed. If you don't get
a reply to e-mails, try again, avoiding anything in the subject or
body which might trigger filtering. If you are in the address book,
you should get through. If you aren't, then there's a chance your
e-mail will never be seen.

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From: nizets2-at-yahoo.com
Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2007 06:51:33 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] sectionning cells on thermanox

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi!

In reaction to the question asked on the list, here is my opinion:

To my knowledge it is not uncommon to remove the substrate/membrane and re-embed with more resin to fill the gap. It justs takes some more time, but the technique is very easy. So if it works, why not?

You could grow your cells on porous PET membrane (from millipore or BD biosciences), those used for transport studies. They may stick better to the cells without damaging your knife (especially if they are coated with collagen, fibrillarin or whatever), and some resin (and even cell extensions) may enter the pores in the membrane, making the detachment of the membrane more unlikely. The disadvantage is that these membranes are very thin and flexible (and also pretty expensive, but you can do that in 96W format), which you can transform into an advantage: you can cut fine bands of membrane and for each band try different embedding/cutting conditions.

Now here is something a little bit crazy you could try : In the ultramicrotome, align you membrane horizontally (parallel to the knife edfge), cells down so that you cut your cells first. I did that on cells grown on PET membranes and it worked. Sometimes the sections breaks open between the cells and the membrane, but there is always some places where are they still one against the other. The section may be thicker close to the membrane, though.

Good luck!

Stephane



____________________________________________________________________________________
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From: darkmatterfound-at-gmail.com
Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2007 08:16:55 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: Staining samples

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Email: darkmatterfound-at-gmail.com
Name: Victor Lo

Organization: ANSTO

Title-Subject: [Filtered] Staining samples

Question: Hello all,

I am wondering if anyone can provide me with some staining service for various forms of starch to look at the morphology and structure changes. The papers that have been found indicated that they use a periodic acid-thisemicabazide-silver reaction. If there is anyone that can do this in Australia please drop me a message.

Thanks a lot

Victor Lo

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

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From: christopher.gilpin-at-utsouthwestern.edu
Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2007 09:14:19 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Open faculty position

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Listers,
We are recruiting. Please see the details below or go to the link.



Faculty Position in Cell Biology
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas

The Department of Cell Biology at The University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center at Dallas seeks to appoint exceptional scientists who are
experts in the fields of general cell biology, live cell imaging, cryoEM, or
electron tomography to the position of Assistant Professor (tenure track).
Candidates must have a Ph.D. or M.D. and be doing cutting edge research at
the interface between cell and molecular biology in such areas as:
organization of macromolecular complexes, molecular interactions in living
cells, spatial organization of signal transduction and cellular basis of
tissue organization. The excellence of the individual candidate will take
precedence over the area of special interest. The successful candidate will
join an internationally recognized Cell Biology faculty at a top rated
medical institution and receive both a competitive salary and an exceptional
start-up package. Women and minority candidates are encouraged to apply. For
more information, visit the Cell Biology web site at
http://www8.utsouthwestern.edu/utsw/cda/dept25128/files/34664.html
Applicants should email their curriculum vitae, the names of three
references, and a brief description of their research goals to the attention
of Dr. Richard G. W. Anderson at cb.recruitment-at-utsouthwestern.edu
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center is an Affirmative
Action/Equal Opportunity Employer. Women and minority candidates are
encouraged to apply.




Christopher J Gilpin Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Director, Molecular and Cellular Imaging Facility
K1.A04
UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas
5323 Harry Hines Boulevard
Dallas, TX 75390-9039
Phone +1 214 648 2827
Fax +1 214 648 6408


==============================Original Headers==============================
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From: TindallR-at-missouri.edu
Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2007 11:56:44 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: Used Water Chiller Wanted

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I use SEM, especially cryo-SEM to look at starch and I find it is good to
show granule structure and morphology changes. Cryo-SEM does not require any
sample preparation at all... But I am interested in knowing about that dying
method and what structural features can be so observed.



Best regards



Antonio D. Molina-García



Instituto del Frío (CSIC)
José Antonio Nováis, 10
Ciudad Universitaria
28040 Madrid
Spain



Phone (+34) 915445607 Fax (+34) 915493627 E-mail:
ifrm111-at-if.csic.es
http://www.if.csic.es/ingiind.







----- Original Message -----
X-from: {darkmatterfound-at-gmail.com}
To: {ifrm111-at-if.csic.es}
Sent: Monday, September 10, 2007 3:17 PM

Hi Ralph,

We just surplused a scruffy, looking Haskris that came off our
recently-replaced JEOL 1200EX. It has a relatively new compressor and
other parts, but probably needs a new valve that shuts off water flow
when the compressor isn't running. It has been working fine.

For information on this chiller, you can contact our Surplus folks.
Info at: http://www.surplus.missouri.edu/. They picked it up last week,
so it should still be available. It might even be up on eBay by now.

Good luck,
Randy

Randy Tindall
Senior EM Specialist
Electron Microscopy Core Facility---We Do Small Well!
W125 Veterinary Medicine
University of Missouri
Columbia, MO 65211
Tel: (573) 882-8304
Fax: (573) 884-2227
Email: tindallr-at-missouri.edu
Web: http://www.emc.missouri.edu
On-line calendar:
http://biotech.rnet.missouri.edu/cgi-bin/Calcium310.pl?Op=Splash&Amount=
Week&NavType=Both&Type=TimePlan


-----Original Message-----
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Sent: Saturday, September 08, 2007 10:24 AM
To: Tindall, Randy D.

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Email: rnichols-at-bcm.com
Name: ralph nichols

Organization: Baylor College of Medicine

Title-Subject: [Filtered] Used Water Chiller Wanted

Question: I want to kmow if anyone out there have a used water chiller
unit for sale? The unit is for a Zeiss 902 TEM.

Ralph Nichols

------------------------------------------------------------------------
---

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From: mckimmye-at-gmail.com
Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2007 14:54:10 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Polarized Light microscopy of quartz

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I got the following helpful answer to my question and wanted to
re-post the answer to the group.

Hi Emily,
YES there is!!

It's called dispersion staining. You need a special objective with an
annular stop and 1.544HD refractive index liquid. The HD stands for
high dispersion. You can find instructions in McCrone/Delly's
"Polarized Light Microscopy", but basically you establish a cylinder
of light slightly smaller than your central stop. Particles with
refractive indexes very close to the mounting media will show colored
edges depending on the crystal orientation and polarizer orientation.
The combination of color, refractive index produces unique
characterization. Mind the temperature.

PS: if you have a polarizing filter on your phase contrast scope, you
may be able to use a larger stop to get a dark field/dispersion
staining effect.

I used to pre-screen clay for alpha quartz at Goodyear Tire and
Rubber. If I couldn't find any (2 or 3 preps worth of sample) the
sample was clean. If I detected quartz it went to X-ray diffraction I
could detect quartz in lower amounts than X-ray diffraction.

I really like dispersion staining, its a great identity and confirmation tool!

==============================Original Headers==============================
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6, 27 -- Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2007 15:54:08 -0400
6, 27 -- From: "Emily McKimmy" {mckimmye-at-gmail.com}
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6, 27 -- Subject: Polarized Light microscopy of quartz
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From: jmkrupp-at-ucsc.edu
Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2007 16:15:14 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] plankton analysis

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello List:

I need some info to help a researcher who visited the lab today.

He wants to identify the elements, especially iron and phosphorus, in
small, 5 um or so, plankton particles from the ocean.

He had a paper showing this done using a TEM and EDS system. I don't
have an EDS system on our TEM, at least one that works, so I am
fishing for ideas and assistance.

How hard is it to do this kind of analysis? Is EDS or EELS better?

I have a JEOL 1200 with an older EDS system that I have never used.
Could this project be done using this system, or would getting it
resurrected be more trouble than finding a lab that does this kind of
analysis close to our location? This is a preliminary investigation
with no budget.

Anyone want to volunteer to help?

Thanks

Jon
--

Jonathan Krupp
Microscopy & Imaging Lab
C230 Earth & Marine Science
University of California
Santa Cruz, CA 95064
(831) 459-2477
jmkrupp-at-ucsc.edu

I rode in AIDS/Lifecycle 6 SF to LA June 3 - 9, 2007 to raise money
for the San Francisco AIDS Foundation. Visit
http://www.aidslifecycle.org for more information about the ride.

==============================Original Headers==============================
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From: ph2-at-sprynet.com
Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2007 20:55:37 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Polarized Light microscopy of quartz

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

1. For Quartz specifically this was first published in:

Crossman, GC: Dispersion Staining as Applied to Industrial Hygiene.
American Industrial Hygiene Quarterly 18(4):341-344. 1957.

Crossman presented a stereo(macro) use of this technique at a conference in
1963 [IM-1963 in Chicago].

Also, check for cristobalite and tridymite (2 other polymorphs of Silica).


2. For minerals in general it was first published as:

Dodge, Nelson B, "The Darkfield Color Immersion Method" The American
Mineralogist 33 (9&10):541-549, 1948.


3. Generally a 10X obj is used for Central stop. For high
magnification (which might be necessary in your case), use the darkfield
method.

Look up:

"Rediscovery of Darkfield Dispersion Staining while Building a Universal
Student Microscope", Microscopy Today, Jan/Feb 2003

If not, email me and I'll pull up and send a pdf of the presentation from
Ted and myself. "Critical Darkfield and Its Application to Asbestos
Analysis" (with co-presenter Ted Clarke, LaGrange, IN) presented at
Inter/Micro-2002, June 24-27, 2002, Chicago, IL.


Tony


......................................................................
Andrew Anthony "Tony" Havics, CHMM, CIH, PE
pH2, LLC
5250 E US 36, Suite 830
Avon, IN 46123
(317) 718-7020 off
(317) 718-7038 fax
(317) 409-3238 cell

90% of Risk Management is knowing where to place the decimal point...any
consultant can give you the other 10%(SM)

This message is from pH2. This message and any attachments may contain
legally privileged or confidential information, and are intended only for
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distributed without this statement.


-----Original Message-----
X-from: mckimmye-at-gmail.com [mailto:mckimmye-at-gmail.com]
Sent: Monday, September 10, 2007 3:59 PM
To: ph2-at-sprynet.com

I got the following helpful answer to my question and wanted to
re-post the answer to the group.

Hi Emily,
YES there is!!

It's called dispersion staining. You need a special objective with an
annular stop and 1.544HD refractive index liquid. The HD stands for
high dispersion. You can find instructions in McCrone/Delly's
"Polarized Light Microscopy", but basically you establish a cylinder
of light slightly smaller than your central stop. Particles with
refractive indexes very close to the mounting media will show colored
edges depending on the crystal orientation and polarizer orientation.
The combination of color, refractive index produces unique
characterization. Mind the temperature.

PS: if you have a polarizing filter on your phase contrast scope, you
may be able to use a larger stop to get a dark field/dispersion
staining effect.

I used to pre-screen clay for alpha quartz at Goodyear Tire and
Rubber. If I couldn't find any (2 or 3 preps worth of sample) the
sample was clean. If I detected quartz it went to X-ray diffraction I
could detect quartz in lower amounts than X-ray diffraction.

I really like dispersion staining, its a great identity and confirmation
tool!

==============================Original Headers==============================
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From: Rosemary.White-at-csiro.au
Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2007 02:12:48 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] starch analysis in confocal

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Apologies for dual posting - email meltdown lost messages over last few days...

To the person interested in analysing starch structure by confocal, check out Blennow et al. (2003) J Struct Biol 143: 229-241, and more recently Chanzy et al. (2006) J Struct Biol 154: 100-110 for a nice method to do this.

cheers,
Rosemary

Rosemary White
CSIRO Plant Industry
GPO Box 1600
Canberra, ACT 2601
Australia

61 2 6246 5475


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From: nizets2-at-yahoo.com
Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2007 07:27:01 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] low voltage electron microscope

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi all!

Coming back from the MC2007 conference in Saarbrücken, Germany.
I was impressed by a completely new concept of TEM: the low voltage electron microscope (the idea comes from Tchequia).

To summarize very much:
- one fix voltage: 5kV
- the size of a LM (very short column, very small volume to pump)
- no pumps, water cooling and the likes (sort of plug-and-image concept ;-))
- resolution of a few nm
- Extreme contrast, even without staining

To understand the concept, think LM: the gun is below, the image of your objet is collected by a detector (YAG) and you observe the detector through binoculars (with further optical magnification) or a camera.

Last but not least: the main disadvantage of the system lies in the limitations of the specimen thickness. With such a low energy, the electrons can't penetrate very deep, so object thicker than 20 nm cannot be imaged (nanotechnologies welcome!). Personally I don't think I could cut sections 20 nm thick, but perhaps some of you super-ultra-microtomists can achieve that.

http://www.dicomps.com/index.php?l=en&p=18&r=171

I have no interest in this company, I just wanted to share my amazement.

Best regards,
Stephane
.



____________________________________________________________________________________
Need a vacation? Get great deals
to amazing places on Yahoo! Travel.
http://travel.yahoo.com/


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From: delannoy-at-jhmi.edu
Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2007 08:33:28 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] EMISH

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Fellow Microscopists,
I am searching for a detailed protocol (and reference) to do an electron microscopy in-situ hybridization on a specific RNA species, using digoxigenin. I have a review article and have ordered a textbook, but was hoping to tap into the experts. I would like to do the LR gold
post embed hybridization technique. All suggestions deeply appreciated.


} Michael Delannoy
} Associate Director, JHMI Microscope Facility
} Dept. of Cell Biology
} Physiology G-04
} 725 N. Wolfe St.
} Baltimore, MD 21205
} (410) 955-1365 office
} (410) 614-6890 lab

==============================Original Headers==============================
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3, 27 -- From: MICHAEL J DELANNOY {delannoy-at-jhmi.edu}
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From: delannoy-at-jhmi.edu
Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2007 08:33:32 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] EMISH

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Fellow Microscopists,
I am searching for a detailed protocol (and reference) to do an electron microscopy in-situ hybridization on a specific RNA species, using digoxigenin. I have a review article and have ordered a textbook, but was hoping to tap into the experts. I would like to do the LR gold
post embed hybridization technique. All suggestions deeply appreciated.


} Michael Delannoy
} Associate Director, JHMI Microscope Facility
} Dept. of Cell Biology
} Physiology G-04
} 725 N. Wolfe St.
} Baltimore, MD 21205
} (410) 955-1365 office
} (410) 614-6890 lab

==============================Original Headers==============================
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From: underwoo-at-u.washington.edu
Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2007 11:42:22 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Image analysis question

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear fellow Microscopists:
Before we spend days or weeks analyzing our specimens, I hope I could get some feedback on our
method of image analysis (Will it hold up to the reviewers?).

Experimental Model:
We are implanting a biomaterial through skin in an organ culture system.
We want to quantify the epidermal in-growth that occurs into the pores of the biomaterial.

Our method: (all scripted in Photoshop using Fovea Pro)
1. Cryosection (all our material is frozen for antibody purposes) crossectionally from where we first
encounter epidermis at the top, to where we see no more epidermis at the bottom.
2. Stain sections for the epidermis with a pankeratin antibody.
3. Capture micrographs.
4. Demarcate the regions of biomaterial and epidermal in-growth.
5. Record area occupied by biomaterial and area occupied by epidermis.
6. Convert data to represent the volume fraction of epidermal ingrowth.
7. Calculate the average distance of in-growth from the perimeter of biomaterial using the Euclidean
distance map (255 - mean pixel value X 4 X microns per pixel)
8. Normalize the data to a standard volume.
9. Calculate Òin-growthÓ (normalized volume fraction X average distance of in-growth)

Thus far it has been suggested to:
1. Plug the images into a 3D program to visualize and measure. This presents problems with accurate
alignment and seemingly a heck of a lot of work to get back to the data we already have in front of us.
2. Stereology which can extrapolate 3D data out of 2D data, however it seems again we already have
the more accurate data in front of us.
3. Micro CT or ultrasound (both havenÕt worked due to low contrast).
4. Digital volumetric imaging, which is time consuming, difficult to measure and so far not working
with antibody markers. Making it difficult to demarcate the regions of interest.

So, in this game of quantification, gambling with a postdocÕs time, are we playing with a good hand or
are we bluffing?

Thank you for any suggestions.

Robert Underwood
University of Washington
Dermatology








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From: jmkrupp-at-ucsc.edu
Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2007 15:11:58 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Cheap film scanner?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi:

You may recall that the digital camera on our TEM was repossessed by
its rightful owner when she moved to a new campus. In the interim,
until we can afford a new digital camera, I am back to film.

What a pain. I had forgotten all the hassles. Mix the chemicals,
develop the film, load and pump the film, keep track of film numbers
and users, shuffle the film into envelopes and bundles to hand back
to users. How did I ever do it?

Anyway, until the camera gods smile on us again, I do film. Users
still want digital files so I need to find a cheap way to scan their
film, hopefully just until we get a new camera.

I have an old Agfa Arcus scanner that was hot stuff 12 years ago when
we got it, but it is slooow, and the computer that runs it is even
older and lacks features such as a CD writer or USB ports, features
expected by modern users.

So, I am looking for a cheap scanner that might be faster and easier
for now. Lots of scanners available for $100 - $250, but the ones I
have found only do strips of 35 mm film or slides in transparency
mode. Anyone know if there is one out there that will accommodate
3.25 x 4" TEM film?

Jon
--

Jonathan Krupp
Microscopy & Imaging Lab
C230 Earth & Marine Science
University of California
Santa Cruz, CA 95064
(831) 459-2477
jmkrupp-at-ucsc.edu

I rode in AIDS/Lifecycle 6 SF to LA June 3 - 9, 2007 to raise money
for the San Francisco AIDS Foundation. Visit
http://www.aidslifecycle.org for more information about the ride.

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From: colijn.1-at-osu.edu
Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2007 15:24:32 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: Cheap film scanner?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Jon,

We've had good luck with our Epson 4990. Good dpi and more
importantly good optical density (OD) range. We set the 3.25 x 4"
negs across the 4x5 film holder. There is some bowing of the film,
but it works well enough. You could add an additional rib to hold
the film up if desired.

(insert usual disclaimers here)

Cheers,
Henk

At 04:13 PM 09/11/07, jmkrupp-at-ucsc.edu wrote:



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Hendrik O. Colijn colijn.1-at-osu.edu
Campus Electron Optics Facility Ohio State University
(614) 292-0674 http://www.ceof.ohio-state.edu
Time is that quality of nature which keeps events from happening all
at once. Lately it doesn't seem to be working.


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From: p.ingram-at-voice.cellbio.duke.edu
Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2007 15:25:53 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: Cheap film scanner?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

John Mackenzie at NC State University NC always has the latest info
on scanners. He has always been most helpful to us!

(Probably the latest Epson model!!)

Peter



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--
Peter Ingram
Sr. Physicist
Adj. Professor of Pathology,
Duke University Medical Center
Box 90319
LaSalle Street Extension
DURHAM NC USA 27708-0319

Tel: (919) 660-2695
Fax: (919) 660-2671
e-mail: p.ingram-at-cellbio.duke.edu


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From: mcauliff-at-umdnj.edu
Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2007 16:14:57 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: Cheap film scanner?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I put my films on a light box, mask off the "excess" regions with heavy
black paper, and photo with an older Canon G3 digital camera. Import
into PhotoShop, invert the image (to a positive). Voila!

Geoff


jmkrupp-at-ucsc.edu wrote:
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}
} Hi:
}
} You may recall that the digital camera on our TEM was repossessed by
} its rightful owner when she moved to a new campus. In the interim,
} until we can afford a new digital camera, I am back to film.
}
} What a pain. I had forgotten all the hassles. Mix the chemicals,
} develop the film, load and pump the film, keep track of film numbers
} and users, shuffle the film into envelopes and bundles to hand back
} to users. How did I ever do it?
}
} Anyway, until the camera gods smile on us again, I do film. Users
} still want digital files so I need to find a cheap way to scan their
} film, hopefully just until we get a new camera.
}
} I have an old Agfa Arcus scanner that was hot stuff 12 years ago when
} we got it, but it is slooow, and the computer that runs it is even
} older and lacks features such as a CD writer or USB ports, features
} expected by modern users.
}
} So, I am looking for a cheap scanner that might be faster and easier
} for now. Lots of scanners available for $100 - $250, but the ones I
} have found only do strips of 35 mm film or slides in transparency
} mode. Anyone know if there is one out there that will accommodate
} 3.25 x 4" TEM film?
}
} Jon
}


--
--
**********************************************
Geoff McAuliffe, Ph.D.
Neuroscience and Cell Biology
Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854
voice: (732)-235-4583
mcauliff-at-umdnj.edu
**********************************************



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From: p.veys-at-cra.wallonie.be
Date: Wed, 12 Sep 2007 11:02:40 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] problem with Histokitt resin

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi,
We started using Roti®-Histokitt II from Carl Roth – Germany as mounting
medium. Choice made was evident because we needed :
• high refractive index (1.49)
• high viscosity (250-450 mPas)
• rapid curing (20 min at room temp)
• compatibility for fluorescence microscopy at 365nm UV.  
But after a few 10 days, large air spaces appear systematically between
slide and coverslip, destroying the preparation that is intended to be
permanent !
We tried by curing at 50°C for one hour but this does not seems to be of any
help : problem still arise after a somewhat longer 15 days.
Does anyone had similar (bad) experience with this resin ? How did you
solved the problem ?
Any help is welcome! Or proposal for an other embedding agent with similar
physicochemical properties… we are not married with Mr Roth !
Thanks in advance



_________________________

Dr Pascal Veys
Project leader - Scientific Attache


Quality of Agricultural Products Department
Walloon Agricultural Research Centre - CRA-W
Chaussée de Namur, 24
5030 Gembloux (Belgium)

Phone: +32(0)81 62 03 75
Fax: +32(0)81 62 03 88
Mail : p.veys-at-cra.wallonie.be
Website : http://www.cra.wallonie.be
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From: isi.forever-at-hotmail.com
Date: Wed, 12 Sep 2007 18:50:54 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] AskAMicroscopist: High School Science Project Help

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Below is the result of your feedback form (NJZFM-ultra-55). It was submitted by (isi.forever-at-hotmail.com) from http://microscopy.com/Ask-A-Microscopist/Ask-A-Microscopist.html on Tuesday, September 11, 2007 at 08:20:52
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Email: isi.forever-at-hotmail.com
Name: Megan Bye

Organization: North Toole County High School

Education: 9-12th Grade High School

Location: Sunburst, Montana, USA

Question: Hello. My Name is Megan Bye and I am a Junior at North Toole County High School in Sunburst, Montana. I participate in an Advanced Research Course which is a challenging program in which students choose science based projects to work on throughout the school year. These projects are then taken to Regional Science Fairs, State Science Fairs,The Intermountain Science Symposium in Salt Lake City, and the International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF). Last year my teacher,attended the ISEF in New Mexico and saw a demonstration of florescence Imaging to study photosynthesis, but it involved a very expensive apparatus. After hearing about this I have decided that I want to pursue a project using Chlorophyll Fluorescent Imaging. i.e. "The Effect of a selected herbicide on Photosynthesis using Chlorophyll Florescence Imaging" I was wondering what your thoughts were on this idea? Do you think it is possible to do this project with a cheaper device? Do you have any ideas for perhaps using a different technique? Do you know if we could rent or borrow the equipment for a period of time? Do you have any advice for my project? i.e. A different variable that would be more interesting or pertinent? Any thoughts would be greatly appreciated, thank you for your time.

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From: scott.coutts-at-med.monash.edu.au
Date: Wed, 12 Sep 2007 20:15:00 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] AFM of bacteral cell surfaces?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi All,

We are interested in examination of a bacterial cell surface. We have
two strains of a bug (one is a mutant of the other). One binds
environmental proteins to it's surface and one that doesn't. We're
interested in looking to see if there are any cell surface differences
(It has been suggested that there may be structural cell surface
differences in a similar strain of another species). We can't get close
enough by SEM to see anything useful... Is this the kind of thing that
could be examined by AFM perhaps? Does anyone here have experience with
the examination of bacterial cell surface structures by AFM?

Cheers,

--
Scott J. Coutts
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bacterial Pathogenesis Research Group
Department of Microbiology
Box 53, Monash University, 3800, Australia
Phone +61 3 9905 8592, Fax +61 3 9905 4811
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

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4, 26 -- Subject: AFM of bacteral cell surfaces?
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From: donc-at-asmicro.com
Date: Wed, 12 Sep 2007 21:07:24 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: [a] AFM of bacteral cell surfaces?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Scott,
I think that it is reasonable to try AFM to investigate bacterial cell
surfaces, but I have not done this myself.
regards,
Don
=============================================
Don Chernoff, Ph.D., President
Advanced Surface Microscopy, Inc. E-Mail: donc-at-asmicro.com
3250 N. Post Rd., Ste. 120 Voice: 317-895-5630
INDIANAPOLIS IN 46226 USA Toll free: 800-374-8557 (in USA & Canada)
web: http://www.asmicro.com Fax: 317-895-5652
[business activities: analytical services in AFM, AFM probes, consulting,
training,
calibration and test specimens, calibration and measurement software,
used NanoScope equipment.]
=============================================
----- Original Message -----
From: scott.coutts-at-med.monash.edu.au
To: donc-at-asmicro.com
Sent: Wednesday, September 12, 2007 9:18 PM
Subject: [a] [Microscopy] AFM of bacteral cell surfaces?





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Hi All,

We are interested in examination of a bacterial cell surface. We have
two strains of a bug (one is a mutant of the other). One binds
environmental proteins to it's surface and one that doesn't. We're
interested in looking to see if there are any cell surface differences
(It has been suggested that there may be structural cell surface
differences in a similar strain of another species). We can't get close
enough by SEM to see anything useful... Is this the kind of thing that
could be examined by AFM perhaps? Does anyone here have experience with
the examination of bacterial cell surface structures by AFM?

Cheers,

--
Scott J. Coutts
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bacterial Pathogenesis Research Group
Department of Microbiology
Box 53, Monash University, 3800, Australia
Phone +61 3 9905 8592, Fax +61 3 9905 4811
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Headers==============================
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From: reinhard.rachel-at-biologie.uni-regensburg.de
Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2007 03:17:38 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] AFM of bacteral cell surfaces

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

to the question of Scott J. Coutts:

this question is difficult to answer because we don't know the type of
bug, and, in particular, the type of preparation that was used for SEM.
} We can't get close enough by SEM to see anything useful.
This can mean that the SEM is limiting, but - more likely - that the
method to prepare the samples for SEM was the limiting factor. Most
protocols still in use today treat the cell surface of prokaryotic
cells in a way that the structures under investigation are damaged or
completely removed.
This would - in a similar way - also limit the visibility of structures
by TEM or in the AFM (or any similar instrument).

alternative routes:
1) cryo-preparation, followed by RT-SEM
2) cryo-preparation, followed by cryo-SEM
3) 'suitable' preparation method, followed by AFM (or similar
instrument)
4) quick freezing, freeze-etching, followed by TEM - this can nicely be
used for visualizing surface structure of prokaryotic cells
5) cryo-preparation (eg HPF+FS + resin embedding), followed by
sectioning and visualizing in TEM

all not easy to do - but one of these may give an answer.

kind regards,
Reinhard Rachel
----------------------
PD Dr. Reinhard Rachel
Universitaet Regensburg
Centre for EM - NWF III - -at-Institute for Anatomy
Universitaetsstr. 31
D-93053 Regensburg - Germany
tel +49 941 943 2837, 1720, 1666(TEM)
fax +49 941 943 2868
mail reinhard.rachel-at-biologie.uni-r.de



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From: beth-at-plantbio.uga.edu
Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2007 09:45:05 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Zeiss 902 blues

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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Hi all,
My Zeiss 902 TEM is ill.

The scope is fine at 50 KV but not at 80KV - during shake out at 80KV
the beam is visible on the screen but then goes completely off the
screen towards the 1:00 position. When I switch from image to
spectrum there is no spectrometer arrow no matter how much I push the
shift key. I changed out the high voltage tank but that did not cure
the problem. Is it the filament? Lenses? A bad potentiometer? All of
the above? ;-)

Any suggestions/thoughts/ideas would be greatly appreciated.
best,
Beth

**********************************************************************
Beth Richardson
Electron Microscopy Lab Coordinator
Plant Biology Department
University of Georgia
Athens, GA 30602-7271

http://www.plantbio.uga.edu/emlab/

Phone - (706) 542-1790 & FAX - (706) 542-1805

"Between the two evils,
I always pick the one I never tried before". Mae West (1893-1980)
*******************************************************************

"And it's only the giving that makes you what you are".
Wond'ring Aloud, Jethro Tull (Aqualung)

************************************************************************
***
The Friends of the Marine Institute - Join Today!
www.friendsofugami.org




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From: bgowen-at-uvic.ca
Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2007 11:08:05 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] primaries

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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Howdi;

Does anyone know of a source of antibodies to beta-galactosidase and green
fluorescent protein that they know work for immuno-EM on LR White, LR
Gold, or PLT/HM20 low [aldehde] and low temperature processed material ?
Cheers
B
**********************************************************************
Brent Gowen
Electron Microscopy Laboratory
Department of Biology
University of Victoria
P.O. Box 3020 STN CSC
Victoria, BC, Canada
V8W 3N5
Tel: (250)-721-7132
http://web.uvic.ca/em-lab/



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From: jjb42-at-pitt.edu
Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2007 15:27:41 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] AskAMicroscopist: SEM tilt correction

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This Question was submitted to Ask-A-Microscopist by (jjb42-at-pitt.edu)
from
http://www.msa.microscopy.org/Ask-A-Microscopist/Ask-A-Microscopist.html
on Thursday, September 13, 2007 at 11:55:04
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Email: jjb42-at-pitt.edu
Name: Justin

Organization: Univerisity of Pittsburgh

Education: Graduate College

Location: Pittsburgh, PA, US

Title: tilt correction

Question: I have a periodic 2 dimensional image which is tilted. I'm
working with a Phillips XL30 and tried to correct for this tilt
through tilting the stage and using the tilt correction feature.
Tilting the stage has no effect on the periodicity of the 2D image
but using the tilt correction feature does. What exactly is the tilt
correction feature doing here?

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

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From: kirchoff-at-uncg.edu
Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2007 15:28:31 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: Camera comarison

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Email: kirchoff-at-uncg.edu
Name: Bruce

Organization: Univeristy of North Carolina at Greensboro

Title-Subject: [Filtered] Camera comarison

Question: I am about to purchase a 5 megapixel digital camera for my
Ortholux II. I have quotes from Olympus (both Q-Imaging and Olympus
brands), Nikon and Motic (via. Micro-Optics). I have seen the Nikon
camera but not the others. Can you recommend one of these cameras
over the others, or is there a fourth supplier I should be
considering? In addition to the camera and adapter, I need software
that permits extended depth of focus. All of the manufacturers say
that they provide this, but the quality may vary. Even different
versions of NIS-Elements (Nikon) vary in their ability to stack
images.

The total cost of the system must be under $7,000. This excludes some
of the Olympus cameras.

Thank you in advance for your advice!

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

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From: carnahan-at-edison-labs.com
Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2007 15:29:10 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW:side mount Film camera for Jeol 100-S TEM

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Email: carnahan-at-edison-labs.com
Name: James Carnahan

Organization: Edison Analytical Laboratories, Inc.

Title-Subject: [Filtered] Film camera for Jeol 100-S TEM

Question: We have recently acquired a Jeol 100-S TEM that has only
the standard bottom mount sheet film camera cassettes. We are
looking for a 35 mm ( side mount) camera and hoped that someone has
upgraded a Jeol 100 series to digital and has an old
camera/scintillator sitting unused on the shelf that might be
available. The flange blanking plate is 4 1/2 x 2 1/4".


Regards,

Jim Carnahan
Edison Analytical Labs
(518) 393-2112
carnahan-at-edison-labs.com

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From: rbeavers-at-mail.smu.edu
Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2007 15:49:30 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Leo 1450VPSE Software Problem

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Have any of you with Leo 1400 series SEM had any issues with instrument
software?

I am having trouble with configuration files changing for no reason.
Such as losing what detectors are on the machine or size of the monitor
being used. Most recent issue is the loss of the signal mixing function
under the detector tab with the second detector drop down list being
grayed out.

System is running under Windows 2000 and is scanned often for spy ware
and virus.

Any help would be appreciated.

Roy Beavers
Southern Methodist University
rbeavers-at-smu.edu


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From: gary-at-gaugler.com
Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2007 17:19:34 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: Leo 1450VPSE Software Problem

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

How old is your C: drive? When was the last time
you ran scandisk?

If you have an old drive, it could be going bad.
Check Computer Management and the Event log to
see if it reports drive errors. If it does, then
you need to migrate to a new drive.

gary g.


At 12:50 PM 9/13/2007, you wrote:
} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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From: maryflet-at-interchange.ubc.ca
Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2007 18:26:21 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] AskAMicroscopist: SEM tilt correction

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Dear Justin,
The two methods do very different things. The tilt on the stage will
physically tilt the stage so that you can make your sample exactly normal to
the beam. I find that small tilts of the stage make very little difference
to the image, because of the large depth of focus of the SEM.
The "tilt correction" of the SEM electronics is a manipulation of the X and
Y rasters to electronically compensate for a tilted stage. In the old days
we often used the SEM with the stage tilted 45 degrees towards the SEM
detector, to improve the signal. If measurements on a flat surface were
important, the "tilt correction" could take a square grid and remove the
foreshortening caused by the stage tilt. You can imagine what that would do
to a sphere.
My suggestion is to use the stage tilt to make the sample as normal to the
beam as possible and avoid electronic tilt correction. Put a 2D calibration
sample into the SEM with your sample to check the results.
Regards,

Mary Fletcher (nee Mager)
Electron Microscopist
Materials Eng. UBC
#309 - 6350 Stores Road
Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4
Canada
Tel: 604-822-5648
Fax: 604-822-3619
email: maryflet-at-interchange.ubc.ca


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Email: jjb42-at-pitt.edu
Name: Justin

Organization: Univerisity of Pittsburgh

Education: Graduate College

Location: Pittsburgh, PA, US

Title: tilt correction

Question: I have a periodic 2 dimensional image which is tilted. I'm
working with a Phillips XL30 and tried to correct for this tilt
through tilting the stage and using the tilt correction feature.
Tilting the stage has no effect on the periodicity of the 2D image
but using the tilt correction feature does. What exactly is the tilt
correction feature doing here?

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From: gmcredo-at-yahoo.com
Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2007 21:34:38 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: Cell Robotics LaserTweezers system question

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Email: gmcredo-at-yahoo.com
Name: Grace Credo

Organization: Intel Research

Title-Subject: [Filtered] Cell Robotics LaserTweezers system question

Question: Have a copy of the user manual or (even better) a PDF copy
of the user manual?

We have one of these systems in our research lab, but can't locate
our old copy of the user manual and would like to use it. This
company appears to be out of business and we can't reach them. Can
anyone help?

Thanks!
Grace
Research Scientist
Intel Research
Santa Clara, CA

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From: ab78-at-esc.cam.ac.uk
Date: Fri, 14 Sep 2007 04:27:32 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] AskAMicroscopist: SEM tilt correction

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} I find that small tilts of the stage make very little difference
} to the image, because of the large depth of focus of the SEM.

This will depend on what is being imaged. "Tilt Correction" is ideally
suited to planar/near planar specimens.

Condsider an integrated circuit composed of a series of perpendicular
tracks. Image it untilted and measurements in X and Y should be the same
scale - track widths and seperation constant.

Tilt the IC to a high angle, with tilt axis parallel to one set of
tracks, and the apparent width of these tracks will decrease - whilst
the others will remain constant regardless of angle of tilt. In effect
the magnification differs in the 2 directions.


} What exactly is the tilt correction feature doing here?

The "Tilt Correction" usually operates by cramming in more scanned lines
along either X or Y - so that they are a constant distance apart on the
specimen surface. Thus compensating for the change in magnification.
Applying a tilt correction to an image of a flat specimen, tilted along
an axis parallel to a scan direction, will produce a corrected image on
which true measurements can be made despite the tilt and regardless of
the orientation of the features being measured.


} Tilting the stage has no effect on the periodicity of the 2D image
} but using the tilt correction feature does.

However if its a more 3 dimensional object you are looking at things may
be very different. To take another extreme case: spherical particles
will appear round regardless of the angles at which they are viewed.
They will still appear as spheres when tilted. Use the tilt correction
on these and the image will be distorted rather than corrected....
There are pictures of just this effect in some SEM text books - there
must be images of this type on the web somewhere - anyone know where ?

So the effect and use of stage tilt and tilt correction both depend on
what you are looking at - and what information you want.

In the old days
} we often used the SEM with the stage tilted 45 degrees towards the SEM
} detector, to improve the signal.

So doesn't this help on newer SEM's ?

A useful side effect of the distortion produced by specimen tilt is that
the increased magnification in one direction allows surface
irregularities to be seen more clearly in some types of specimens.



--
AB78-at-ESC.CAM.AC.UK
DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE Tel +44 1223 333469
DOWNING STREET +44 1223 333400
CAMBRIDGE FAX +44 1223 333450
CB2 3EQ

Manager of XRD discussion list:
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From: michael-at-shaffer.net
Date: Fri, 14 Sep 2007 10:03:52 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] RE: AskAMicroscopist: SEM tilt correction

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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Regarding ...

} } I find that small tilts of the stage make very little
} } difference } to the image, because of the large depth of
} } focus of the SEM.
}
} This will depend on what is being imaged. "Tilt Correction"
} is ideally suited to planar/near planar specimens.

Careful of what you're speaking of. I believe the original post was
regarding "tilt correction", which corrects for the foreshortening along the
tilt axis -- i.e., making tilted geometry appear flat. The other aspect of
a tilt is accommodating the longer and shorter focal distances for a tilted
flat sample, which should be referred to as "dynamic focus".

cheerios, michael shaffer :o)
SEM-MLA Research Coodinator
INCO Innovation Centre
Memorial University
St. John's Newfoundland
http://www.mun.ca/creait/maf/


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From: mbisher-at-princeton.edu
Date: Sat, 15 Sep 2007 10:15:50 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: Offer: TEM Film Racks

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Email: mbisher-at-princeton.edu
Name: Margaret Bisher

Organization: Princeton University

Title-Subject: [Filtered] Offer: TEM Film Racks

Question: I've been doing some cleaning around the lab and decided that I don't need to keep the dozen acrylic film racks that I used in the darkroom for my TEM film. I am going to keep a few, but I have 7 that I will give away - for FREE-. I hate to throw them away, somebody out there might want them.

Just let me know if you are interested and I will be more than happy to send them to you.

Thanks, Peggy Bisher

Margaret E. Bisher
Electron Microscopy & Histology Core Facility Manager
Department of Molecular Biology
Princeton University
Moffett Laboratory, Room 113
Princeton, New Jersey
Office: (609) 258-7026
Fax: (609) 258-8468
mbisher-at-princeton.edu

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From: k.levick-at-unsw.edu.au
Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2007 01:21:28 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] microscopy of SDS-page gel

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Hi everyone,

I have a sample of SDS-PAGE gel which I hope contains CdS nanoparticles
attached to a phytochelatin. I would like to examine the particles in the
TEM, but I am at a loss as to how to prepare them. Does anyone have any
experience with extracting proteins from these gels? It has also been
suggested that I treat the gel as a biological specimen (fix, dehydrate,
embed, section). Does anyone have any tips they would be willing to share?

Thanks in advance,

Katie.

-------------------------------
Katie Levick

Technical Officer
Electron Microscope Unit
UNSW Analytical Centre
University of New South Wales
Sydney NSW

02 9385 6390
k.levick-at-unsw.edu.au



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From: contact-at-integrityscientific.com
Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2007 04:37:11 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Instrument disposal in the UK - SEM and TEM

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Dear listers,
I have a Philips EM400t TEM and a Camscan SEM which I need to dispose of so I can install a new machine (dualbeam FIB, yummy). Neither have been in working condition for a few years although I suspect with a small amount of effort they could be made operational. Both have EDX units (again, no idea of their functionality). Does anyone have any advice they can share with me on this? I have a quote from a specialist company which seems quite expensive; the local scrap yard is interested in the copper and lead but won't touch some parts (the oil in the HT tank, for instance). I've no objections to getting my hands dirty and dismantling them myself, in fact it would be interesting to have a good look at the innards of the beasts...

Many thanks

Richard


Richard Beanland
Integrity Scientific Ltd
www. integrityscientific.com




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From: jinsong-wu-at-northwestern.edu
Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2007 10:02:10 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] SEM staff position avialable at Northwestern Univ.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

An immediate permanent staff position is open for a scanning electron
microscopist at the Electron Probe Instrumentation Center (EPIC) housed
within the NUANCE center of Northwestern University in Evanston, IL. The
EPIC facility includes four fully loaded SEMs, three TEMs and a FEI Helios
dual beam FIB. In addition to EPIC, NUANCE hosts many other instrumentations
and capabilities for advanced characterization.



Primary responsibilities for this position include training new SEM users
and supporting their skill development; providing technical support and
collaborative assistance to users on their projects; minor maintenance of
the instruments and specimen preparation accessories, and analysis for
external users.



Qualifications include a BS or equivalent technical training in
science/engineering discipline.



Desired skills include: Prior experience in operation of modern SEMs and
analytical accessories, strong computer and communication skills, some
knowledge of modern electronics, and a background in physical sciences, such
as materials science. Ability to instruct others on instrument use,
scientific principles, and lab safety. Desire to work with state-of-the-art
characterization instruments in a dynamic and vibrant research environment.
Demonstrated ability to learn new information quickly and to be able to
assimilate it into a base of knowledge and to work with minimal supervision.



Salary will be commensurate with experience and credentials. This position
enjoys all the eligible benefits for staff of Northwestern University, which
can be reviewed at: {http://www.northwestern.edu/hr/benefits/}



Please send documents, including a resume, list of three references with
email addresses and telephone numbers, and salary requirements
electronically to {nuance-at-northwestern.edu}



Web site: http://www.nuance.northwestern.edu/epic

Northwestern University is an equal opportunity, affirmative action
employer.
Members of historically underrepresented groups are strongly encouraged to
apply.



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From: jim.c.russell-at-gmail.com
Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2007 20:15:32 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: Cambridge 250 manual needed

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This Question/Comment was submitted to the Microscopy Listserver
using the WWW based Form at http://www.microscopy.com/MLFormMail.html
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Email: jim.c.russell-at-gmail.com
Name: Jim Russell

Organization: middle school volunteer educator

Title-Subject: [Filtered] Cambridge 250 manual needed

Question: I have acquired a Cambridge 250 mk 2 SEM with LaB6 which appears complete with the notable exception of the operating maunal. Of course a service or maintenance manual would be extremely helpful too, so I am requesting help from the community. Does anyone have access to these manuals, or especially electronic versions? I thank you in advance, and our students thank you as well.
Jim Russell


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From: L.Kepinski-at-int.pan.wroc.pl
Date: Tue, 18 Sep 2007 08:15:14 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] XRF in SEM-EDS

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear All,
Could you please share your experience/comments on usability of
X-ray fluorescence as combined with SEM-EDS.
The method seems promising and supplementary to EDS for analysis of
heavy elements, but is not very popular, why?

Thanks in advance,
Leszek

Dr. Leszek Kepinski
Division of Nanomaterials Chemistry and Catalysis
Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research,
Polish Academy of Sciences,
P.O. Box 1410,
50-950 Wroclaw, Poland
e-mail: L.Kepinski-at-int.pan.wroc.pl

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From: peter.heimann-at-uni-bielefeld.de
Date: Tue, 18 Sep 2007 11:10:44 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] TEM: technical question to ZEISS EM109 users

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

=} ZEISS EM109 transmission electron microscope with transfiber optics
and external roll film camera

Colleagues,
after switching from my routinely used 50 kV to 80 kV acceleration
voltage I got some flash-overs / spark-overs but everything stabilized
and worked fine.
However, the transport motor of my photounit (roll film, trans fiber
camera) started to run and want stop again, whatever I do (complete shut
down; selective disconnection of photo unit, etc). I assume partial
damage to one of the approx 40 chips (presumely a MOS chip) on the photo
board due to a strike through from high voltage unit into the photo unit
though they officially should be completely separated in electrical
aspects.
Has anybody experienced a similar situation and can give some advice?
thanks,
peter heimann

====================================================

Dr. Peter Heimann Raum: W7-107 / Tel.: +49-(0)521-106-5628
Universitaet Bielefeld Fax: +49-(0)521-106-5654
"Zellbiologie / Cell Biology" W7-107
33501 Bielefeld, Germany www.uni-bielefeld.de/biologie/cellbio



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From: nizets2-at-yahoo.com
Date: Tue, 18 Sep 2007 11:56:24 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] microscopy of SDS-page gel

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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Hi!

I have no idea how to embed an SDS-page gel, but given that it is polymerized one may expect it to sustain the treatments necessary for TEM observation.
Only difference here: you don't have to care about water movement, you can dehydrate directly in pure ethanol. Perhaps the trickiest step would be impregnation (penetration of resin into the gel). Perhaps microwaving could help?

PLEASE, give us news about your results, I am sure it will interest some of us.

Good luck,

Stephane

----- Original Message ----
X-from: "k.levick-at-unsw.edu.au" {k.levick-at-unsw.edu.au}
To: nizets2-at-yahoo.com
Sent: Monday, September 17, 2007 8:31:50 AM

Hi everyone,

I have a sample of SDS-PAGE gel which I hope contains CdS nanoparticles
attached to a phytochelatin. I would like to examine the particles in the
TEM, but I am at a loss as to how to prepare them. Does anyone have any
experience with extracting proteins from these gels? It has also been
suggested that I treat the gel as a biological specimen (fix, dehydrate,
embed, section). Does anyone have any tips they would be willing to share?

Thanks in advance,

Katie.

-------------------------------
Katie Levick

Technical Officer
Electron Microscope Unit
UNSW Analytical Centre
University of New South Wales
Sydney NSW

02 9385 6390
k.levick-at-unsw.edu.au



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From: beaurega-at-westol.com
Date: Tue, 18 Sep 2007 13:46:00 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: XRF in SEM-EDS

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi,

I ran samples by EDS on TEMs and SEMs, and also separately by WD-XRF on a
Rigaku spectrometer. If I was not sure of the EDS results on a trace
element and I had enough sample, I would press it on boric acid with a WC
polished insert and run it by WD-XRF to confirm the element was there.
WD-XRF is more sensitive, IMO, but takes much more sample than a TEM.

You might want to consider joining the XRF-L list and submitting your
question to get a different point of view on WD-XRF versus EDS. I belong
and it is free. It is fairly active but not as active as this list server.
Here is the link.

http://listserv.syr.edu/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=xrf-l&A=1

I guess I better defend EDS on this list. I cut thin sections of
anti-reflective coatings on lenses. The limit of EDS detection is usually
taken to be 1% on the volume of material being analyzed. I was able to
detect a TEM invisible layer in an anti-reflective layer multistack system
that was only 10 angstoms thick. I got a half inch high peak by EDS on
this anti-reflective stack layer. This was the smallest feature I was ever
able to detect by EDS.

Paul Beauregard




At 08:16 AM 9/18/07 -0500, L.Kepinski-at-int.pan.wroc.pl wrote:
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From: larry-at-cymru666.plus.com
Date: Wed, 19 Sep 2007 14:55:55 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Re: XRF in SEM-EDS

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I have only seen one other reply, so I will offer my comments.

I use SEM-EDS extensively. I have not used XRF in the SEM, but I have
read a little about it.

For me, the prime benefit of x-ray analysis in the SEM is to obtain an
elemental analysis at a point. I understand the development of capillary
optics has made it possible to analyze areas measured in microns across.
However, that is not the same as being able to use e-beam steering in
conjunction with an EDS system to probe volumes just a couple microns
across. The user would always need to be aware of the exact size and
placement of the excitation volume due to the x-ray beam.

XRF does offer the promise of better sensitivity due to lower background
and plenty of excitation. The bremstrallung is not present, so the peaks
rest on a much smaller background. I presume there is plenty of
excitation so that the limiting factor becomes the throughput of the
x-ray detector. Both factors serve to improve detection limits.

Frankly, we have not had applications that would justify the cost of
such an addition. Depending on your applications, the cost might be
justified.

Warren Straszheim
Iowa State University


-----Original Message-----
X-from: L.Kepinski-at-int.pan.wroc.pl [mailto:L.Kepinski-at-int.pan.wroc.pl]
Sent: Tuesday, September 18, 2007 8:17 AM
To: wesaia-at-iastate.edu

There are some early instrument offerings of XRF in the SEM on the market,
for elemental analysis. I have found these methods to be immature
technology and a few years off from really being a useful tool. One would
think XRF in the SEM would be a natural considering the success it has had
as a stand-alone technique in a benchtop unit. But, the positioning of the
detector relative to the sample is time-consuming, difficult to repeat with
sample changes, and overall (currently) not conducive to the type of
environment SEM's offer - multiple operator, general ease-of-use, and the
quick, semi-quant chemical capability available from EDS.

My vote is to stick with SEM/EDS for now - and wait out XRF in the SEM for a
few years yet - there is a very good reason why only small companies are
offering this technology and the big players, Oxford and EDAX, have not yet
entered the game - the technology is not yet competitive and profitable.

My solution, get a good benchtop XRF (Horiba, Rigaku, EDAX, or other) and
compare the spectra via SLICE, which reports to compare XRF to EDS spectra
fairly well. I don't have specific experience with comparing the two
techniques with SLICE, but it's reportedly possible.

Andy Fisher
Materials and Microscopy Consultant
Charleston, SC


----- Original Message -----
X-from: {wesaia-at-iastate.edu}
To: {andyfisher4-at-bellsouth.net}
Sent: Tuesday, September 18, 2007 7:18 PM

} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- CoSponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

A purely personal viewpoint and probably unwisely sticking my head
above the parapet ....

I first saw XRF on an SEM ~30 years ago. It was an interesting
implementation, using a slide with something like 6 targets, selected
by the user to optimise sensitivity for elements of interest in his
particular application.

It is one of those experimental techniques which seems to have a
number of advantages yet is not attractive enough to to make it
commercially viable. A particular problem is that it combines well
established techniques in a different way - this disrupts established
'political' territories. The XRF people do 'spectroscopy' and live in
one lab, the SEM people do 'images' and work in another lab ....

When something comes along which crosses traditional boundaries, a
lot of people get very uncomfortable and defensive, sometimes with
justification but I do wonder whether lab politics is taking priority
over scientific enquiry? Funding mechanisms also cause problems, with
nobody being prepared to support techniques that they feel should be
funded by someody else ....

To get a 'new' instrumental method accepted, especially commercially,
is both a huge investment and requires enormous luck. Benchtop SIMS
and X-ray tomography seem to be struggling. Then there are He ion
microscopes and nanoSIMs, neither of which have yet, in my opinion,
made a major impact. On the other hand, STM and AFM exploded out of
nowhere. The benchtop TEM/STEM appeared at an exhibition a few years
ago ... and disappeared. I've recently seen a proposal for a FE-SEM
which would fit in your hand .....
--
Larry Stoter

PLEASE NOTE - Agressive SPAM filtering is employed. If you don't get
a reply to e-mails, try again, avoiding anything in the subject or
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you should get through. If you aren't, then there's a chance your
e-mail will never be seen.

==============================Original Headers==============================
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7, 15 -- Subject: Re: [Microscopy] XRF in SEM-EDS
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From: jmkrupp-at-ucsc.edu
Date: Wed, 19 Sep 2007 18:00:32 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Quant. EDS with TEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi:

Could someone who knows about doing quantitative EDS using a TEM give
me a hand?

I have a paper that says they looked at phytoplankton, whole cells,
in a TEM and did EDS on the cells.

They report data like cell volumes of 0.14 um3 and things like carbon
at 34 fg/cell. I guess the calculations could be right, but can you
make much distinction at the fg level with EDS?

If you know this kind of stuff and could help me out, it would be
great. I can send the whole article as a PDF if you need it.

Jon
--

Jonathan Krupp
Microscopy & Imaging Lab
C230 Earth & Marine Science
University of California
Santa Cruz, CA 95064
(831) 459-2477
jmkrupp-at-ucsc.edu

I rode in AIDS/Lifecycle 6 SF to LA June 3 - 9, 2007 to raise money
for the San Francisco AIDS Foundation. Visit
http://www.aidslifecycle.org for more information about the ride.

==============================Original Headers==============================
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From: genecao-at-excite.com
Date: Wed, 19 Sep 2007 18:10:07 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: TUNEL assay plant tissue

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Email: genecao-at-excite.com
Name: Gene

Organization: ISU

Title-Subject: [Filtered] TUNEL assay plant tissue

Question: I am using the Promega DeadEnd fluorometric TUNEL kit to
check PCD status in maize anther section.
I was wondering if anyone who has used this kit on plant tissues can
give me suggestion on where need to pay additional attention and what
should do/should not do besides following the protocol provided by
promega.
Thanks in advance.


---------------------------------------------------------------------------

==============================Original Headers==============================
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From: swtkeller-at-yahoo.com
Date: Wed, 19 Sep 2007 18:10:39 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] viaWWW: TEM- Dislocation density calculation in plan view and

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
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Email: swtkeller-at-yahoo.com
Name: Sandra Keller

Organization: TA/SICCO

Title-Subject: [Filtered] TEM- Dislocation density calculation in
plan view and cross-section

Question: Hi:
I have been asked to perform dislocation density calculations of a
sample using cross-sectional and in plan view TEM. Can someone out
there review the calculations to make sure I am doing it correctly?
Thanks in advance,
Sandra


---------------------------------------------------------------------------

==============================Original Headers==============================
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From: ab78-at-esc.cam.ac.uk
Date: Thu, 20 Sep 2007 09:16:41 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] Vacancy for an EPMA Specialist - University of Cambridge

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

University of Cambridge
Department of Earth Sciences

Research Analyst - permanent post

To operate, instruct in the use of, maintain, and develop the electron
probe microanalysis (EPMA) facility.

We are looking for a dynamic and enterprising person with a sound
knowledge of electron microscopy and analysis along with a background in
geological or materials science. The successful applicant will also be
responsible for maintaining quality control of analytical output and
will advise on interpreting results.

Knowledge of the Cameca SX100 or SX50 instruments would be a distinct
advantage.

Salary £25,134 - £32,796.

Please send CV and e-mails of 2 referees to the Administrator,
vivien-at-esc.cam.ac.uk by Friday 12 October, 2007.
Department of Earth Sciences, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ.


DETAILS:

The successful applicant will be responsible for operation of the Cameca
SX100 electron microprobe (with EDS and associated equipment.). This is
a major analytical research facility with users from all areas of the
department, elsewhere in the university, and externally. Duties will
include:
• Responsibility for the day-to-day operation, calibration & routine
maintenance of electron microprobe and associated equipment. Managing
all aspects of the laboratory including user schedules.
• Advising users on suitable analytical strategies to solve specific
problems.
• Providing assistance, training & supervision of researchers, students
and visiting academics from diverse backgrounds in the successful use of
the facilities.
• Monitoring and maintaining quality control of analytical output and
assist in the interpretation of analyses in a geologically meaningful
way. Ensuring that analytical results and methods are archived.
• Designing, developing and testing analytical strategies.
• Playing a major role in marketing and promoting the microprobe both
within and outside the University to help generate running costs from
usage of the equipment.

Although our instrument is under service contract with Cameca, the
candidate should have the ability to carry-out initial trouble-shooting
of both instrumental and analytical problems able to make small repairs
to the instrumentation.

The post affords the opportunity to become familiar with modern
state-of-the-art equipment. The primary focus of the position is
successful operation of the facility however collaborative or
independent research is encouraged.


Minimum requirements:
Either:
Extensive experience of operating an electron microprobe or comparable
instrument
Or:
An MSc or PhD in geosciences or related fields and a knowledge of
instrumental geochemistry, mineral chemistry and optical mineralogy and
the ability to interpret analyses in a geologically meaningful way.

The lab manager will often be working with students and others who may
be unfamiliar with microprobes, so good communications skills are required.

Reasonable knowledge of PC systems to setup/install, upgrade and
maintain specialist software. Mechanical aptitude



Highly desirable:
Extensive experience of operating and maintaining a Cameca SX-100 or SX-50.

Preference will be given to candidates with extensive experience of
wavelength dispersive x-ray spectrometry and a good understanding of
both the theory and application of electron probe microanalysis &
electron microscopy. Understanding of the interactions of x-rays with
matter as applied to spectroscopic techniques and of the operation of
vacuum systems, radiation detectors etc. used to operate and collect
data from this type of instrument.

Skills will ideally include a sound understanding of the generation,
measurement, and counting statistics of x-rays, as well as statistical
data analysis.

The ideal applicant will have a knowledge of data processing, statistics
and quality control applied to x-ray detection and measurement and
experience with laboratory management.



--
AB78-at-ESC.CAM.AC.UK
DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE Tel +44 1223 333469
DOWNING STREET +44 1223 333400
CAMBRIDGE FAX +44 1223 333450
CB2 3EQ

Manager of XRD discussion list:
http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/lists/xrd.html

VirtualWDS: For the synthesis of wavelength-dispersive electron probe
spectra.
http://www.esc.cam.ac.uk/astaff/buckley/VirtualWDS.html

==============================Original Headers==============================
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From: maloneyb-at-fiu.edu
Date: Thu, 20 Sep 2007 18:14:39 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] ISI DS-130S Scanning Electron Microscope with PGT EDS and Image Analysis

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Group - does anyone have a copy of the operating manual for this
SEM model?
Thanks so much.
Barbara


==============================Original Headers==============================
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From: richard.easingwood-at-stonebow.otago.ac.nz
Date: Thu, 20 Sep 2007 19:39:39 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] TAAB-Pyper knifemaker manual?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi All

Does anyone have a manual for a TAAB-Pyper knifemaker, mk ll? We have
inherited one in almost pristine condition but without any
accompanying documentation. Any information on the use and
maintenance of this compact little knifemaker would be very much
appreciated.

Thanks.

Richard


Richard Easingwood
Otago Centre for Electron Microscopy
c/- Department of Anatomy & Structural Biology
University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
ph: 0064 3 479 7301 cell: 021 222 4759
fax: 0064 3 479 5086
http://ocem.otago.ac.nz



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From: creid-at-tcd.ie
Date: Fri, 21 Sep 2007 01:39:38 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] TEM/STEM purchase

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi,

I am looking for advice on HR TEM/STEM and dedicated STEM. Our
University ( TCD, Dublin ) is in the process of evaluating HR
TEM/STEM instruments for purchase later this year. Our knowledge
base in this area is limited and in the past I have found the
listserver to be a great resource for helpful advice so I am hoping
that some of you will have the time to respond. We have worked with
standard TEM's ( 120KV & 200KV ) and SEM's for many years. HR
TEM/STEM is however much more complex and advice from experienced
users is invaluable in our assessment. Probably the best approach
is for anyone willing to contact me directly as the views will be
personal and I do not want to add unnecessary traffic to the
listserver. The views will be treated as confidential and for
internal consumption. Thank you in advance.

Our needs:-

We are looking for a full analytical TEM/STEM or STEM, with
EELS/EDX. There is a wish to be able to add aberration correctors
at a later stage. The proposed samples are:-

DNA functionalised Carbon Nanotubes
Diamond-like carbon
Ge NanoWires (possibly functionalised)
Quantum dots
Interface requiring FIB preparation

The instruments being evaluated are:-

Jeol
JEM-2100F
JEM-2200F

Hitachi
HD-2300
HF-3300

Carl Zeiss
Libra 200FE

FEI
Tecnai F20
Tecnai F30
Titan

If you use any of these instruments I would love to hear from
you. We are interested in your views on the correct instrument to
choose. Were there any problems with installation, stability,
reliability and service ? How easy are they to use, particularly if
the skill levels tend more towards novice rather than expert ? Were
there are integration problems with EELS/EDX ? Are there any
advantages or disadvantages of going for a 300KV as opposed to a
200KV ? TEM/STEM vs dedicated STEM ?

Thank you very much for your time and assistance.

Best wishes,

Colin

Colin Reid
Trinity College Dublin,
Dublin 2.

Tel: 00353-1-8961820
Email: creid-at-tcd.ie
Web: www.cma.tcd.ie


==============================Original Headers==============================
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From: shoukry_aak-at-yahoo.com
Date: Fri, 21 Sep 2007 18:20:50 -0500
Subject: [Microscopy] AskAMicroscopist: Eye Lens question

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This Question was submitted to Ask-A-Microscopist by (shoukry_aak-at-yahoo.com)
from
http://www.msa.microscopy.org/Ask-A-Microscopist/Ask-A-Microscopist.html
on Friday, September 21, 2007 at 10:41:05
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Email: shoukry_aak-at-yahoo.com
Name: Ahmed Shoukry Amin

Organization: faculty of science ,zoology dept. Cairo university, Egypt

Education: Graduate College

Location: Cairo ,Egypt

Question: Any lens is supposedly capable of magnification of objects
.Is the lens inside our eye, a "magnifying" lens like any human-made
lenses? what is its power ;its NA and its resolution? do these
numbers differ among animals?

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