Microscopy ListServer Archives  


File Requested = 9712.txt
Retrival Software Version=NJZ07060908

From: Joseph P. Neilly 847-938-5024 :      NEILLY.JOSEPH-at-igate.abbott.com
Date: Mon, 01 Dec 1997 10:29:22 -0600 (CDT)
Subject: RE: Light Microscopes and Temperature Control Stages

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

jd,

We have a Linkham heating/cooling stage that appears to perform
according to its specifications. We have not done a rigorous evaluation
of the stage temperartures/drift etc. but with the standards we have run
it has provided results close to expected values. It has a stated range
range of -190 to +600 degrees C. We have used it in the -50 to +200
range with no problems. Overall a good unit but a bit pricey.

Joe Neilly
Abbott Labortories
Dept. of Microscopy and Microanalysis
200 Abbott Park Rd.
Abbott Park, IL 60064





From: valdemar :      valdemar-at-fast.net
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 11:46:03 -0500
Subject: MSA: TEM: TEM "Glue", TEM folding grids, TEM sample retention

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Dear TEM "sample losers":

We have attempted to addressed the issue of sample retention in a TEM in a
short technical note in Journal of Microscopy, V 174, Pt. 1, April 1994,
pp. 55-58, "Enhanced retention of magnetic particles (e.g. microtomed
sections) in a TEM". ( E-mail valdemar-at-fast.net with a request for a
reprint. )

The technique boils down to fabricating a bi-layer, electron transparent
support film on a standard TEM grid of your choice. The materials in the
two-layer support film are chosen for solvent incompatibility (e.g.
collodion top film soluble in amyl acetate over the bottom layer of Formvar
soluble in ethylene dichloride but not in amyl acetate); so that, after
placing your sample on the top film, the top film is temporarily softened
and transformed into electron transparent layer of adhesive with a
judicious application ( a few drops to wet filter paper near your TEM grid
) of solvent specific to that film. The bi-layer support films are a lot
easier to fabricate than the description makes it appear, and the technique
is amenable to any combination of support films as long as the structural
layer is not affected by the solvent for the adhesive layer.

Prior to developing this method, we had a severe problem with losses of
microtomed sections of magnetic steel in the field of a high excitation
objective lens. Now, we hardly ever loose one; and the bi-layer support
films are sufficiently robust for sample deposition with a hand-held eye
lash, and sufficiently stable and clean for multi-hour acquisition of
quantitative composition profiles at high resolution by EDS under UHV in a
dedicated STEM. Perhaps with an exception of some EELS work, I see no
reason why the technique would not work under most circumstances for your
persnickety sample with a judicious selection of the support films and
their solvents.

We have tried the folding grid approach and, by comparison, found it a
bother.

For a method of applying an adhesive to grid bars, you might look up E.
Fritz (1991), "The use of adhesive-coated grids for the X-ray microanalysis
of dry-cut sections in the TEM", J. Microsc. 161, 501-504. ( Sorry, but I'm
out of copies of this one. )


Valdemar Furdanowicz
valdemar-at-fast.net
Homer Research Labs
Bethlehem Steel Co.
Bethlehem, PA 18016

********************************************************
Isabel Nogueira wrote:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
I work with a TEM and I'm currently observing and performing EDS analysis
on gold samples.
The problem is that the samples don't stick to the grids.
I need folding grids but the ones I've seen so far are Cu, Ni, Au or Ag.

I need carbon folding grids and would appreciate if anyone can tell me
where I can get them.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Nancy Buening wrote:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
I am analyzing calcite shells in the TEM. I am having difficulty gluing the
calcite samples onto the grid. I have been using colloidal silver liquid,
but it either dries before I can get the calcite in place or I get too much
liquid and the grid "drowns". Is this just a matter of practice, or is
there another gluing material that I can try that is more forgiving ?
-----------------------------------------------------------------------





From: Linda Barthel :      barthel-at-umich.edu
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 12:29:24 -0500 (EST)
Subject: fluorescenct microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone have any simple solutions to reduce the amount of endogenous
fluorescence that seems to be both tissue type and fixation specific? We
work with fish retinas and as a rule immersion fix in 4% paraf. for 1 hr,
room temp. When glut is added the problem is worse. The fluorescence
seems to be worse in the inner segments of the photoreceptors-all these
years the results have been satisfactory, but any improvement would be
great.
Linda Barthel
Research Associate II
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology
University of Michigan
lab (313) 764-7476
fax (313) 763-1166
barthel-at-umich.edu







From: Wyeth, Russell :      rwyeth-at-pfc.forestry.ca
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 10:10:28 -0800
Subject: Help - serial sectioning for TEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


TWIMC,

I am trying to serial section some fungal spores for TEM, and I am
running into
problems with the sections wrinkling.

Details: I am using formvar and carbon coated slot grids. The specimen
is
embedded in epon. I am using a Reichert Ultracut E (mechanical advance)

ultramicrotome, and an Edgecraft diamond knife. I have been moving the
sections onto the grids with the aid of a micromanipulator holding the
grid
into the water, touching the section ribbon to the formvar, and winding
the
grid up out of the water.

I have tried varying the section size - from about 1/2mm*1/2mm to less
than
1/4mm each side, with little or no change in the degree of wrinkling. I
tried
varying the angle at which the grid is held into the water, from almost
parallel, to perpinduclar, with no success. I tried varying the speed
at whcih
the grid is removed from the water, and hence the ribbon is sucked onto
the
formvar, also with no success. Finally, I thought it might be the
formvar/carbon coat -- when held close to the boat, the humidity caused
the
film inside the slot to go slack. I thought maybe the slight waviness in
the
film might be introducing the wrinkles, so I changed my formvar recipe
and
procedure. I did manage to produce a couple grids with intact films
which did
not slacken near the boat, but the sections still wrinkled. The
sections are
uniform silver/gold interface, and are generally part of a very strong
ribbon
(can be hard to break it up into managable pieces using eyebrow
brushes).

So, here I am: does anyone have any suggestions for avoiding the
%&*%$$$#
wrinkles, other than changing the embedding medium properties?

Also, has anyone else ever noticed the slackening of the formvar film
near to
water, what might cause it, and how best to avoid it? (my good grids
were made
with formvar that was thoroughly dessicated in dichloroethane - I was
previously using chloroform without the variety of drying procedures).

Thanks in advance (from me and my supervisor whoe would appreciate it if
I
didn't throw the ultramicrotome through the window),

Russell

PS I have also tried picking up the sections with an empty slot grid and
overlaying that grid over another, coated grid, and allowing the
sections to dry. They still wrinkled. R.





From: Schmitz, Robert :      rschmitz-at-uwsp.edu
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 14:21:07 -0600
Subject: Durst Laborator S-45-EM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I have a Durst Laborator S-45-EM and the varipoint unit that adjusts
light intensity has broken. Does any one have any idea how to fix or
replace this unit. I don't expect that a new replacement is available
but maybe someone has a Laborator that they are no longer using can
provide this part. Or maybe some one can tell me how to build a unit
that will accomplish the same function so that I can continue to use the
Laborator.

Also can anyone tell me how to find Steve Miller who used to be with
Integrated Microsystems

Bob Schmitz
Robert J. Schmitz
Electron Microscope Lab
Department of Biology, CNR Building
University of Wisconsin Stevens Point
Stevens Point, WI 54481
phone (715) 346-2420
FAX (715)346-3624




From: Sally Shrom :      sally-at-retina.anatomy.upenn.edu
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 15:29:28 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: Help - serial sectioning for TEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Russell,

I know how you feel. Be patient. I have been doing serial sectioning for 6
years. We have an elaborate set up which allows us to section in pairs.
One person sections and one person transfers the sections to the formvar
coated slot grid. If you want to know about this transfer apparatus I can
find the reference for you.

In the meantime you will have to work by yourself. Whenever I section by
myself I get some wrinkles(nothing to upset research though). The wrinkles
occur as I slide the formvar coated slot grid into the diamond knife
water, and draw up the sections. The wrinkles are the result of the
formvar stretching a little when it goes under water. Then, as the
sections lie down on the stretched formvar, they wrinkle a bit. I never
have wrinkles which are bad enough to stop science.

To minimize wrinkles I suggest:
Make your block face as tiny as possible.

Immerse your grid at a 45 degree angle.

Slowly coax your sections onto the formvar, and slowly and gently
pull the grid out of the water at a 45 degree angle. The key is to move
slowly and deliberately.

Work on a day that you are happy, the block is happy, the
sectioning room is happy. Do not attempt EM on a bad hair day.

Hope this helps. It can be done.

Sally





From: Julian Smith III :      smithj-at-Winthrop.edu
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 18:05:51 -0500
Subject: Old junque: 100B stage; EDAX detector

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Cleaning the ol' closets. Before I throw these in the dumpster, I thought
I'd ask:
JEOL 100B specimen carousel and specimen holders
JEOL 100B specimen exchange mechanism (parts)
2-3 boxes of HU11E replacement parts and vacuum tubes
EDAX detector and 183 preamp, from AMRAY SEM. Broken window, maybe other
damage

You pay to ship it, it's yours. Contact me at the address below:


Julian P.S. Smith III
Biology
Winthrop University
Rock Hill, SC 29733
803-323-2111 x227 (vox)
803-323-2246 (fax)






From: Barbara Foster :      mme-at-mail.map.com
Date: Mon, 01 Dec 1997 18:01:36 -0500
Subject: Re: Temperature Control Stages for Optical Microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

jd wrote:
}
} It has been a few years since I have been involved with temperature
} control stages on optical microscopes. Last I remember there were
} issues such as surface area temperature mapping(variations) functions,
} isolation, target range overshooting, steady state vs. drift
} functions, heating and cooling techniques, depth of focus and other
} optical issues, maximum and minimum feasible temperatures, heating and
} cooling techniques, etc. Can anyone refresh my memory , bring me up to
} date ,and refer me to journal and review articles on the subject.
} I would like references to current manufacturers. Also I would be
} interested in personal experiences with specific current equipment
} manufacturers of both microscopes and control stages for this use
} (preferably any potentially negative feedback opinions sent only to my
} personal email address below, so no manufacturer is embarrassed or
} damaged by personal opinions in this forum/possibly an obvious point
} of controversy).
} Finally does anyone have any personal experience with modifications to
} existing designs or references to in house construction of these
} devices.
} I also might be prospect for use equipment of this nature.
}
} JD
} EMAIL1: wa5ekh-at-juno.com
} please cc to EMAIL2: wa5ekh-at-cyberramp.net
Dear JD,

There are several people who make very good heating stages. Yes, there
are issues such as surface area, heating and cooling techniques, etc.
Typically, however, the better stages have fairly enclosed heating
chambers, so there is less concern about heat transfer. A few quick
cautions: you probably will have to get long working distance
objectives, especially if your application requires higher
magnifications. Also,you have not mentioned much about the specifics of
your work, so it is hard to answer in a more focused fashion, but you
may not be able to look at a very extensive area at any given time.

I have had personal experience with two manufacturers: Mettler and the
Koffler hot stage available through Arthur Little. Mettler's stages are
well built and, depending on the options purchased, can provide
extremely delicate temperature control and sophisticated heating and
cooling cycles. They are also very expensive. The Koffler hot stages
are much more practical and allow you to look at larger samples. As I
remember it, they had an interesting large glass plate which covered the
chamber and kept the temperature fairly constant. Both typically have a
range from some sub-room temperature value to about 350 degrees C.

There are three other companies which I would suggest that you
investigate as well: Bioptechs, PhysiTemp, and World Precision
Instruments. All three are better suited to the 32-35 degree C, constant
temperature conditions necessary for live cell work. I have only seen
brochures for the PhysiTemp but I have had some lengthy conversations
with the people at Bioptechs. If you are doing critical live cell work,
they have a number of options whichhallow you to look at somewhat larger
fields. Also, for things like Calcium flux test, where even the
temperature of the objective lens might be critical, they have an
objective heater.

Finally, on the do-it-yourself front: Walter McCrone runs courses on hot
stage microscopy out of the McCrone Institute in Chicago. Part of the
class revolves around using a rheostat, wires, and thermally conductive
glass to build your own stage. The good news is that the stage has a
very low profile so that you can look at larger areas and don't need
extra long working distance objectives. Secondly, they are very
inexpensive to build. However, unless you have experience with
thermocouples, I don't know how you would accurately measure the
tempature at the sample. Also, the sample is open to ambient conditions.
I am not quite sure how Walter's design accounts for air currents, local
cooling, etc. I have worked with a client who built one of these
devices for pigment and polymer analysis and he seemed quite happy with
it.
(I will attach names and addresses for any contacts which I have in my
files, below).

Microscopy/Microscopy Education tries to act as a clearinghouse for this
type of information, so we would really appreciate a summary of your
findings.

Hope this all helps.

Barbara Foster
Consortium President
MME
53 Eton Street
Springfield, MA 01108 US
PH: (413)746-6931 FX: (413)746-9311 email: mme-at-map.com

America's first consortium of expert microscopists dedicated to helping
you be more productive with your microscope.

DISCLAIMER: MME does not sell or have any financial interest in any of
the above mentioned equipment.

List of contacts:
Bioptechs - Dan Focht (412)282-7145 Web site: www.Bioptechs.com
Mettler - Mark Kelsey (800)638-8537 ext 7041
McCrone Institute - ask for any of their fine technical staff -
(312)842-7100

PhysiTemp advertises in most of the common trade journals. I will have
to send you both their information and Arthur Little's under separate
cover.




From: Lesley Weston :      lesley-at-unixg.ubc.ca
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 17:03:29 -0800 (PST)
Subject: Re: Help - serial sectioning for TEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


You could try waving a Q-tip soaked in chloroform over the sections before
bringing the grid anywhere near them (this is not the same as waving a
dead chicken - it works). Or you could buy a heat-pen from (I think) JB
EM, and probably other suppliers. In this case, you wave a hot wire over
the sections and they flatten like magic. Hope this helps.

Lesley Weston.



On Mon, 1 Dec 1997, Wyeth, Russell wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
}
} TWIMC,
}
} I am trying to serial section some fungal spores for TEM, and I am
} running into
} problems with the sections wrinkling.
}
} Details: I am using formvar and carbon coated slot grids. The specimen
} is
} embedded in epon. I am using a Reichert Ultracut E (mechanical advance)
}
} ultramicrotome, and an Edgecraft diamond knife. I have been moving the
} sections onto the grids with the aid of a micromanipulator holding the
} grid
} into the water, touching the section ribbon to the formvar, and winding
} the
} grid up out of the water.
}
} I have tried varying the section size - from about 1/2mm*1/2mm to less
} than
} 1/4mm each side, with little or no change in the degree of wrinkling. I
} tried
} varying the angle at which the grid is held into the water, from almost
} parallel, to perpinduclar, with no success. I tried varying the speed
} at whcih
} the grid is removed from the water, and hence the ribbon is sucked onto
} the
} formvar, also with no success. Finally, I thought it might be the
} formvar/carbon coat -- when held close to the boat, the humidity caused
} the
} film inside the slot to go slack. I thought maybe the slight waviness in
} the
} film might be introducing the wrinkles, so I changed my formvar recipe
} and
} procedure. I did manage to produce a couple grids with intact films
} which did
} not slacken near the boat, but the sections still wrinkled. The
} sections are
} uniform silver/gold interface, and are generally part of a very strong
} ribbon
} (can be hard to break it up into managable pieces using eyebrow
} brushes).
}
} So, here I am: does anyone have any suggestions for avoiding the
} %&*%$$$#
} wrinkles, other than changing the embedding medium properties?
}
} Also, has anyone else ever noticed the slackening of the formvar film
} near to
} water, what might cause it, and how best to avoid it? (my good grids
} were made
} with formvar that was thoroughly dessicated in dichloroethane - I was
} previously using chloroform without the variety of drying procedures).
}
} Thanks in advance (from me and my supervisor whoe would appreciate it if
} I
} didn't throw the ultramicrotome through the window),
}
} Russell
}
} PS I have also tried picking up the sections with an empty slot grid and
} overlaying that grid over another, coated grid, and allowing the
} sections to dry. They still wrinkled. R.
}
}





From: Jim Darley :      jim-at-proscitech.com.au
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 11:42:03 +1100
Subject: Re: Durst Laborator S-45-EM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Bob -
Find a place through your yellow pages which rewinds electric motors.
Phone them and ask if they can rewind a variable transformer. Otherwise,
buy a variable transformer with similar specifications and adapt it to the
equipment.
Cheers
Jim Darley

ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
Phone +61 77 740 370 Fax: +61 77 892 313
Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
************************ http://www.proscitech.com.au

----------
}
} I have a Durst Laborator S-45-EM and the varipoint unit that adjusts
} light intensity has broken. Does any one have any idea how to fix or
} replace this unit. I don't expect that a new replacement is available
} but maybe someone has a Laborator that they are no longer using can
} provide this part. Or maybe some one can tell me how to build a unit
} that will accomplish the same function so that I can continue to use the
} Laborator.
}
} Also can anyone tell me how to find Steve Miller who used to be with
} Integrated Microsystems
}
} Bob Schmitz
} Robert J. Schmitz
} Electron Microscope Lab
} Department of Biology, CNR Building
} University of Wisconsin Stevens Point
} Stevens Point, WI 54481
} phone (715) 346-2420
} FAX (715)346-3624




From: Ritchie Sims :      r.sims-at-auckland.ac.nz
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 16:40:30 GMT+1200
Subject: Re: Temperature Control Stages for Optical Microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

"jd" wrote:

} From: "jd" {wa5ekh-at-cyberramp.net}
} To: {microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com}
} Subject: Temperature Control Stages for Optical Microscopy
} Date sent: Fri, 21 Nov 1997 03:39:31 -0800

I sort of feel that people using this list should reveal at least
their name, if not their affiliation.
I don't want to start anything both big and trivial, but what do
others think?

Ritchie

Ritchie Sims phone: 64 9 3737599 ext 7713
Department of Geology fax: 64 9 3737435
University of Auckland
Private Bag 92019
Auckland
New Zealand




From: Randy Tindall :      rtindell-at-NMSU.Edu
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 22:11:45 -0700
Subject: Durst Laborator S45 EM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} I have a Durst Laborator S-45-EM and the varipoint unit that adjusts
} light intensity has broken. Does any one have any idea how to fix or
} replace this unit. I don't expect that a new replacement is available
} but maybe someone has a Laborator that they are no longer using can
} provide this part. Or maybe some one can tell me how to build a unit
} that will accomplish the same function so that I can continue to use the
} Laborator.


Bob,

I'm assuming that you're talking about the potentiometer that controls the
point light source. I AM NOT an electronics whiz, so I may be completely
off base, but I'm pretty sure that those units are nothing more than
expensive, heavy-duty "dimmer switches", combined with a voltage
transformer. Check with an electronics shop who might be able to fix it
fairly easily---I can't imagine that they can be too complicated. If it
can't be fixed, I'd bet that a substitute could be made and perhaps fitted
with the connectors on the unit you have. It might even be that a hardware
store with a good electrical section might have a transformer and dimmer
switch with specifications compatible with your light source.

One caution: I would NOT---repeat, NOT---try to use just a dimmer switch
hooked to a regular 110-120 outlet. I once had just finished changing from
conventional tungsten light to the point light source, grabbed the wrong
cord and plugged it directly into an outlet. When I turned on the switch,
the bulb exploded like a pistol going off and sprayed half the darkroom with
hot shards of glass (I hadn't closed the enlarger head access panel, yet).
Get a good electrician's advice before rigging a substitute, but I bet it
can be done.

Randy Tindall
Electron Microscope Lab
New Mexico State University
Las Cruces, NM 88003
Randy Tindall
2017 Princess Jeanne
Las Cruces, New Mexico 88001-4157





From: Kathi Alexander :      akx-at-ornl.gov
Date: Tue, 02 Dec 1997 10:40:33 -0500 (EST)
Subject: postdoctoral positions

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



{bold} {fontfamily} {param} Times {/param} {bigger} POSTDOCTORAL POSITIONS IN
MATERIALS SCIENCE


OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY

METALS AND CERAMICS DIVISION


{/bigger} {/fontfamily} {/bold} {fontfamily} {param} Times {/param} {bigger} Postdoc=
toral
positions are available at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in the
Metals and Ceramics Division. The positions are in association with the
Microscopy and Microanalytical Sciences Group at ORNL The candidate(s)
should have proven expertise in electron microscopy of materials,
including CTEM and associated defect analysis techniques, as well as
HREM. Demonstrated experience in analytical electron microscopy
techniques such as high spatial resolution energy dispersive and
electron energy loss spectroscopy and the associated techniques of
energy-filtered imaging and spectrum imaging is desired. Two
postdoctoral positions are available and are described below:


(1) This position is with the Structural Materials Group. The group
is participating in national and international programs involved in the
development of materials for structural applications in near-term and
long-term fusion energy systems. The research is in three separate but
related tasks: =20

(a) characterization of the precipitation behavior of oxides,
carbides, nitrides, and silicides in suppport of the development of
improved alloys in the V-Cr-Ti system.

(b) segregation. precipitation, and evolution of the damage structure
in neutron irradiated V-Cr-Ti alloys, and

(c) phase stability, interfacial segregation, and the distribution of
helium in neutron irradiated ferritic-martensitic steels.

Experience in the areas of radiation effects and
microstructure-property correlation is preferred.=20


(2) This position is in the Microscopy and Microanalytical Sciences
Group. The work involves examination of the microstructure and
microchemistry of oxide scales which form on advanced materials
including intermetallic alloys, superalloys and related alloys.=20
Included in this effort are general microstructural and microchemical
characterization of the base material and the oxide scale morphology by
SEM and TEM techniques, as well as high spatial resolution
microanalysis of boundary segregation to the metal/oxide and
oxide/oxide interfaces. This work will involve interactions with the
Corrosion Science and Technology Group at ORNL. Experience in
high-temperature corrosion is desirable but not required.


The Microscopy and Microanalytical Sciences Group has a complete suite
of analytical electron microscopes including: Philips CM12T/STEM 120kV
AEM with light-element EDS ; Philips CM30T/STEM 300 kV AEM with EDS and
Gatan 678 Imaging Filter (GIF); and a Philips CM200FEG/STEM 200 kV with
EDS detector, PEELS and spectrum imaging capability. Also available is
Philips XL30 FEG-SEM with back-scattered detector, light-element EDS,
Electron Backscattered Pattern (EBSP) camera for localized orientation
mapping of materials and wavelength-dispersive spectrometer (WDS) for
trace element detectabilty.


Please mail applications (electronic applications will not be accepted)
to:

Kathleen B. Alexander

Group Leader, Microscopy and Microanalytical Sciences Group

Metals and Ceramics Division

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

1 Bethel Valley Road

P.O. Box 2008 MS-6376

Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6376


{/bigger} {/fontfamily}
Kathleen B. Alexander

Metals and Ceramics Division

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

P.O. Box 2008 MS-6376

Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6376

PH (423) 574-0631

=46AX (423) 574-0641







From: David Knecht :      knecht-at-uconnvm.uconn.edu
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 10:01:20 -0600
Subject: Re: Temperature Control Stages for Optical Microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I recently came across an article where someone was using an "Air Stream
Incubator" from Nevtek as a temperature controler. It is apparently a
blower that moves heated air across the stage area heating everything in
its path. I have never heard of this before. Any comments on the
effectiveness of this solution? Dave Knecht

Dr. David Knecht
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology
University of Connecticut
U-125
Storrs, CT 06269
Knecht-at-uconnvm.uconn.edu






From: Robert Underwood :      underwoo-at-u.washington.edu
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 08:14:59 -0800 (PST)
Subject: Re: fluorescenct microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello Linda,

1. Any glut will cause autofluorescence, in fact we use it as
counterstain if we want the tissue to be fluorescent.

2. I remember that someone was using .05% Pontamine Sky Blue in PBS with
1% DMSO after the immunohistochemistry was carried out, to reduce the
autofluorescence in the FITC channel.

3. Another person was using .3g eriochrome black in 100ml PBS as a
counterstain for the same purpose.

Hope this helps,

Bob

On Mon, 1 Dec 1997, Linda Barthel wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Does anyone have any simple solutions to reduce the amount of endogenous
} fluorescence that seems to be both tissue type and fixation specific? We
} work with fish retinas and as a rule immersion fix in 4% paraf. for 1 hr,
} room temp. When glut is added the problem is worse. The fluorescence
} seems to be worse in the inner segments of the photoreceptors-all these
} years the results have been satisfactory, but any improvement would be
} great.
} Linda Barthel
} Research Associate II
} Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology
} University of Michigan
} lab (313) 764-7476
} fax (313) 763-1166
} barthel-at-umich.edu
}
}
}
}





From: Wyeth, Russell :      rwyeth-at-pfc.forestry.ca
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 09:01:19 -0800
Subject: Wow! TEM Help!

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

To everyone,

Thanks for the overwhelming response! Could this possibly a reaction to
a common, and all to evil foe?

Here's a quick (sort of) summary for everyone's benefit, and I'll try to
answer all the further questions I received.

First, thank you everyone for the chloroform suggestions, but that's not
the problem here. I've used that method many-a-time for wrinkled
sections coming off the knife blade. These sections, though, are
beautifully flat -- they shouldn't require any stretching. The wrinkles
are _definitelly_ introduced when the sections attach to the formvar (I
carefully checked the grids at all stages). There's just 3 or 4 per
section, and they appear no matter whether they are left to dry down
onto the formvar from another uncoated grid, or attached directly on to
the formvar. (Someone pointed out this shouldn't get in the way of the
observations, and in this case - with lots of spores in each sample -
the wrinkles are not a critical problem. But I'm a perfectionist, and I
can certainly envisage times when I wouldn't want any wrinkles, so I
figured I'd try to learn with this otherwise very cooperative sample.)

A good suggestion was made regarding refinement of the micromanipulator
technique I already use -- I'll give that one a shot first, but I have a
feeling my perfectionist attitude towards the wrinkles may mean I'll
need to try something else. The other suggestions centered around
alternative means to get the sections on the grid. Basically, the
sections are picked up on a formvar film attached to another tool with a
hole big enough for the entire film to be passed over onto a clean slot
grid. This means the sections can be positioned much more precisely
over the slot. (I had heard of this method, but we are cash strapped
and I was hoping to avoid a purchase of the loops or 'domino racks'.
Perhaps it is unavoidable.)
I was also given a couple references which I am about to go look up.
I've attached the originals of various suggestions below.

Finally, everyone advocated patience. I was going to say I'd already
tried that, but I guess I'll have to go out and buy some more.

Once again, thanks everyone, and I'll report back.

Russell


} snip
I use domino racks that can be purchased from the EM companies like
EMS
or Ted Pella. Instead of working with the formvar on the grid you put
the
film over the domino rack which is a piece of sheet metal with slightly
larger than grid size holes. You then pick up the sections from the
water
with a grid and don't have to worry about the film wrinkling when you
get
close to the water. The grids are standard cleaned slot grids. After
touch down to the water the sections should be held in the center of the
hole by surface tension. You then lay the grid on the hole of the domino
rack and let it dry overnight. After the sections have dried, you
carefully punch out the grid by using the tips of the forceps around the
outside of the grid. I find that this approach works much better for me.

Patty Jansma

} snip
I have been cutting ultrathin sections for a number of years now and the
most recent advance in section collection to me was the invention of the
'Perfect Loop'. With this loop one can pick up sections from the water
bath
and place them on a grid sitting on filter paper by the side of the
ultramicrotome. The excess water is then wicked away with a wedge shape
of
filter paper. To date, this I find is the best way to collect sections
without wrinkles.
This is sold in the USA by EMS.
Happy sectioning.
Ian Lamswood

} snip
Whenever I section by
myself I get some wrinkles(nothing to upset research though). The
wrinkles
occur as I slide the formvar coated slot grid into the diamond knife
water, and draw up the sections. The wrinkles are the result of the
formvar stretching a little when it goes under water. Then, as the
sections lie down on the stretched formvar, they wrinkle a bit. I never
have wrinkles which are bad enough to stop science.

To minimize wrinkles I suggest:
Make your block face as tiny as possible.
Immerse your grid at a 45 degree angle.
Slowly coax your sections onto the formvar, and slowly and
gently
pull the grid out of the water at a 45 degree angle. The key is to move
slowly and deliberately.
Sally Shrom

} snip
I did serial section reconstructions of flagellar apparatuses of two
algae
for my dissertation work using polystyrene films (Journal of Electron
Microscopy Technique 13:268-269. The technique is a modification of the
following:
Rowley III, J.C. and Moran, D.T. 1975. A simple procedure for mounting
wrinkle-free sections on formar-coated slot grids. Ultramicroscopy
1:151-155.
I highly recommend this way. It's very easy - I taught it to several
persons and they all became better at it than I am.
Good luck,
Heather Owen

} one final snip
A suggestion: I was once told that formvar is less hydrophobic
if you
refrigerate the grids overnight before use. I never needed to, but it
was
suggested.
Otherwise, good luck. Serial sectioning is no fun trick.
Gregg Sobocinski






From: mmdisko-at-erenj.com (Mark M Disko)
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 13:16:20 -0500
Subject: TEM - Exxon Postdoctoral Position

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



-----Original Message-----

EXXON POSTDOCTORAL POSITION IN ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
AND MATERIALS SCIENCE OF CATALYTIC MATERIALS

Corporate Research Laboratory
Exxon Research and Engineering Company

Exxon Research and Engineering Company in Annandale, New Jersey has an
immediate opening for a postdoctoral fellow in electron microscopy.
This fundamental research position will explore the limits of field-
emission TEM and STEM of ultrafine metal particles. Our work involves
quantitative high resolution imaging, x-ray mapping, and electron
holography of nanoscale metal particles on model supports or within
commercial catalysts. Depending on the interests and expertise of the
candidate, this work may involve zeolite structure determination and
reaction cell treatment of supported metal catalysts. Our primary
instrument is a Philips CM200FEG equipped with CCD camera, STEM, PGT
EDS, rotatable biprism for electron holography, oil-free high vacuum
system, and high resolution objective lens system.

Requirements for this position include expertise with high resolution
electron microscopy, electron holography, field-emission analytical
microscopy, and scattering physics. Experience with the materials
science of catalysts is desirable. Research in this area involves a
multidisciplinary team approach which provides an excellent learning
environment. Strong communication skills are required for working in
our team environment.

The term of the position is one year beginning early in 1998. Extension
to two years is likely. Our research lab in rural New Jersey offers
convenient access to Philadelphia, Princeton and New York City. Exxon
offers an excellent working environment, salary commensurate with skills
and experience, and excellent benefits.


Applicants for this position who meet the majority of the qualifications
outlined above should forward a resume, publication list and two or
three references to:

Dr. Mark M. Disko
Corporate Research Laboratory
Exxon Research and Engineering Company
1545 Route 22 East
Annandale, New Jersey 08801

(908) 730-2503 FAX (908) 730-3314

Please do not respond directly to this list server. In the event you
need further information rapidly, forward electronic mail to me at
mmdisko-at-erenj.com .

Equal Opportunity Employer M/F/H/V







From: Katri Vuopala :      katri.vuopala-at-juniper.pp.fi
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 21:26:17 +0200
Subject: how much is too much lipid in muscle-em?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Has anyone seen/done references for ultrastuctural quantitation of the lipid in a human muscle fiber?


Katri Vuopala
Department of Pathology
Central Hospital of Lapland
Rovaniemi, Finland




From: RCHIOVETTI-at-aol.com
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 14:50:51 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: Help - serial sectioning for TEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

In a message dated 97-12-02 10:14:08 EST, rwyeth-at-pfc.forestry.ca writes:

{ { I am trying to serial section some fungal spores for TEM, and I am
running into
problems with the sections wrinkling.

Details: I am using formvar and carbon coated slot grids... } }


Russell,

I have encountered similar problems in one of my past lives as an
ultramicrotomist, and here's what we came up with:

We found the major contributor was the hydrophobic nature of the carbon film.
Even storing the grids under UV light and glow-discharging in a partial
vacuum with an air atmosphere really didn't help that much.

We finally collected the sections onto slot grids which had a *formvar only*
film, wicked away the excess fluid from the side of the grid, let everything
dry well, then did our staining. Immediately before going to the microscope,
we placed the grids into a bell jar and gave them a light dusting of carbon.
This helped immensely.

Good luck; let us know how things work out in the end!

Best regards,

Bob Chiovetti
E. LICHT COMPANY




From: John.Wheatley-at-asu.edu (John C. Wheatley)
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 1997 02:13:33 -0700
Subject: ASU Winter Workshop

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


}
} Winter Workshop on In-Situ Electron Microscopy
}
} A workshop on In-Situ Electron Microscopy will be held in Scottsdale,
} Arizona from Jan. 7-10, 1998. The goal of this workshop is to provide a
} forum for presentations and discussion of recent developments in
} instrumentation, current applications and future directions of in-situ TEM
} and SEM. Some areas of particular interest are:
}
} . In-Situ Heating Experiments: Electron Diffraction and Imaging or
} Temperature Controlled Experiments.
} . Ion Implantation studies and ion irradiation effects
} . Environmental Cells or Gaseous Environment Controlled TEM/SEM
} . Effects of Stress/Strain including fracture studies and stress-induced
} phase transformation
} . Magnetic Materials Studies
}
} The list of invited speakers includes:
}
} Ernst Bauer, Arizona State University
} Ed Boyes, Dupont Corp.
} Kazuo Furuya, National Research Institute for Metals
} James Howe, University of Virginia
} Robert Hull, University of Virginia
} T. Kamino, Hitachi Instruments Eng. Co.
} John Mansfield, University of Michigan
} Ulrich Messerschmidt, Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics
} Amanda K. Petford-Long, University of Oxford
} Francis M. Ross, IBM Thomas J. Watson Labs
} Robert Sinclair, Stanford University
} Nubuo Tanaka, Nagoya University
}
} Abstracts are still being accepted and should be sent as soon as possible.
} For more information contact:
}
} Eloise Kadri
} Center for Solid State Science
} Arizona State University
} P.O. Box 871704
} Tempe, AZ 85287-1704, USA
}
} Email: Eloise.Kadri-at-asu.edu
} Tel: 602 965 9004
}
} You can also register via our Web Site at:
} http://www.asu.edu/clas/csss/workshop/
}
}
}
} Peter A. Crozier
}
} Industrial Associates Program
} Center for Solid State Science
} Arizona State University
} Tel: 602 965 2934
} Fax: 602 965 9004
}
} Website: http://www.asu.edu/clas/csss/IAP/

John C. Wheatley
Lab Manager
Arizona State University
Center for Solid State Science
PSA-213
BOX 871704
Tempe, AZ 85287-1704


Phone: (602) 965-3831
FAX: (602) 965-9004
John.Wheatley-at-ASU.Edu






From: John.Wheatley-at-asu.edu (John C. Wheatley)
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 1997 02:13:33 -0700
Subject: ASU Winter Workshop

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


}
} Winter Workshop on In-Situ Electron Microscopy
}
} A workshop on In-Situ Electron Microscopy will be held in Scottsdale,
} Arizona from Jan. 7-10, 1998. The goal of this workshop is to provide a
} forum for presentations and discussion of recent developments in
} instrumentation, current applications and future directions of in-situ TEM
} and SEM. Some areas of particular interest are:
}
} . In-Situ Heating Experiments: Electron Diffraction and Imaging or
} Temperature Controlled Experiments.
} . Ion Implantation studies and ion irradiation effects
} . Environmental Cells or Gaseous Environment Controlled TEM/SEM
} . Effects of Stress/Strain including fracture studies and stress-induced
} phase transformation
} . Magnetic Materials Studies
}
} The list of invited speakers includes:
}
} Ernst Bauer, Arizona State University
} Ed Boyes, Dupont Corp.
} Kazuo Furuya, National Research Institute for Metals
} James Howe, University of Virginia
} Robert Hull, University of Virginia
} T. Kamino, Hitachi Instruments Eng. Co.
} John Mansfield, University of Michigan
} Ulrich Messerschmidt, Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics
} Amanda K. Petford-Long, University of Oxford
} Francis M. Ross, IBM Thomas J. Watson Labs
} Robert Sinclair, Stanford University
} Nubuo Tanaka, Nagoya University
}
} Abstracts are still being accepted and should be sent as soon as possible.
} For more information contact:
}
} Eloise Kadri
} Center for Solid State Science
} Arizona State University
} P.O. Box 871704
} Tempe, AZ 85287-1704, USA
}
} Email: Eloise.Kadri-at-asu.edu
} Tel: 602 965 9004
}
} You can also register via our Web Site at:
} http://www.asu.edu/clas/csss/workshop/
}
}
}
} Peter A. Crozier
}
} Industrial Associates Program
} Center for Solid State Science
} Arizona State University
} Tel: 602 965 2934
} Fax: 602 965 9004
}
} Website: http://www.asu.edu/clas/csss/IAP/

John C. Wheatley
Lab Manager
Arizona State University
Center for Solid State Science
PSA-213
BOX 871704
Tempe, AZ 85287-1704


Phone: (602) 965-3831
FAX: (602) 965-9004
John.Wheatley-at-ASU.Edu






From: Rick Felten :      rfelten-at-Macdermid.com (by way of Nestor J. Zaluzec)
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 16:15:56 -0600
Subject: Pyrope Garnet

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html




Rick Felten
12/02/97 03:06 PM
I am looking for some Pyrope Garnet, Mg3Al2Si3O12, to use as a X-Ray
Microanalysis Standard. I have tried many of the EM suppliers (Energy Beam
Sciences, Polysciences, Fullam, and Ted Pella) w/o any luck. I would be
amenable to another standard that has major levels of Mg, Si and O and a
minor level of Al and no other elements. Any suggestions?






From: William Tivol :      tivol-at-wadsworth.org
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 17:32:12 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: fluorescenct microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Linda,

} Does anyone have any simple solutions to reduce the amount of endogenous
} fluorescence that seems to be both tissue type and fixation specific? We
} work with fish retinas and as a rule immersion fix in 4% paraf. for 1 hr,
} room temp. When glut is added the problem is worse. The fluorescence
} seems to be worse in the inner segments of the photoreceptors-all these
} years the results have been satisfactory, but any improvement would be
} great.

This problem was recently discussed here. The fluorescence is
due to the aldehydes and the fix [:-)] is to reduce them with NaBH4.
I am definitely not competent in specimen preparation, but somewhere
in our group the procedure has been worked out. If none of the experts
in this field respond, I'll try to get the recipe for you.
Yours,
Bill Tivol




From: William Tivol :      tivol-at-wadsworth.org
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 17:49:10 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Names on postings

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Ritchie,
}
} I sort of feel that people using this list should reveal at least
} their name, if not their affiliation.
} I don't want to start anything both big and trivial, but what do
} others think?
}
As one who has first met many people electronically through this
list and then seen them at MSA meetings, I think it's useful to put names
on postings. I don't think that "jd" had anything sinister in mind, and
I certainly would not want Nestor to insist that all postings meet any
requirements other than those of relevance, etc. already in place.
Yours,
Bill Tivol




From: Eric or Pat Metzler :      spruance-at-infinet.com
Date: Tue, 02 Dec 1997 20:55:03 -0500
Subject: Microscopes for sale

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

A friend of mine wants to sell two microscopes. Please contact him
directly.

Lietz Dialux Microscope, trinocular head with phototube (modified
Orthomat System for SLR camera. Bright field objectives 4x, 10x, 25x
(npl), 40x plan, 100x. Two .9 na condensers (brightfield and
darkfield). Asking $2,000.

Leitz Diavert Microscope. Mint condition foruse in tissue culture.
Phase contrast 10x, 20x, 4x low power objective, 12V 100w light source.
Asking $1500 ($2,000 with transformer).

For more information call 614 688 4471 and ask for Steve.




From: Garber, Charles A. :      cgarber-at-2spi.com
Date: Tue, 02 Dec 97 21:35:29 -0500
Subject: Where is pyrope garnet?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

-- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --

Rick Felten wrote:
================================================
I am looking for some Pyrope Garnet, Mg3Al2Si3O12, to use as a X-Ray
Microanalysis Standard. I have tried many of the EM suppliers (Energy Beam
Sciences, Polysciences, Fullam, and Ted Pella) w/o any luck. I would be
amenable to another standard that has major levels of Mg, Si and O and a
minor level of Al and no other elements. Any suggestions?
================================================
Actually you don't have to settle for anything other than what you want!
The pyrope garnet, often times requested, is mineral #37 on the SPI #02753
Mineral Mount. It has excellent homogeneity and has been offered by our
firm since about 1980. More details about this mount, including 52 other
minerals, are available on our website given below. Contact me off line if
you have any questions.

Chuck

===================================================
Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com


Look for us!
############################
WWW: http://www.2spi.com
############################
==================================================






From: A. Kent Christensen :      akc-at-umich.edu
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 22:48:34 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: fluorescence microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Linda,

You may have tried borohydride. The following is a brief writeup of how
we have used it in the past. A. Kent Christensen, University of Michigan.

BOROHYDRIDE

If glutaraldehyde was used in the fixative, then it may be advantageous to
quench extraneous aldehyde groups with 1% sodium borohydride (NaBH4)
(Eldred et al., 1983, J Histochem Cytochem 31:285), which is a
particularly strong reducing agent (USE WITH CAUTION). Borohydride can
eliminate most tissue autofluorescence, thus reducing background in LM ICC
studies involving fluorescent markers. It has been suggested that
borohydride may partially restore antigenicity after glutaraldehyde
fixation by reducing Schiff bases (carbon-nitrogen double bonds) that can
be formed when glutaraldehyde reacts with free amino groups on proteins;
the reduced bonds are less rigid, and the increased mobility may restore
some of the antigenicity.

Borohydride treatment can be carried out on pieces of tissue after
fixation and the overnight buffer wash (Eldred et al, 1983). Use 1%
sodium borohydride in PBS for 30 min at room temperature. The solution
should be freshly prepared from sodium borohydride powder that has
previously been stored in a manner that has protected it from moisture.
The tissues will bubble vigorously as hydrogen gas leaves them, which will
worry you but doesn't seem to damage the tissues. The treatment is
followed by a wash of 2 x 30 min in PBS.

To use borohydride as a quenching agent during an LM immunocytochemical
run, put a drop of 1% sodium borohydride on each tissue section and leave
it for about 10 minutes. Then wash in a coplin jar of PBS or PBS-G.

For convenience, 10 mg aliquots of sodium borohydride powder can be stored
in microtubes at -20=A1C in a plastic box containing silica gel desiccant.
When you need 1% borohydride, add 1 ml of PBS to a tube and vortex briefly
(CAUTION: open the microtube promptly after vortexing, or the hyrogen gas
generated as the powder goes into solution will pop it open, possibly
causing a spill).

----------------------------------





From: Jim Darley :      jim-at-proscitech.com.au
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 17:19:55 +1100
Subject: Re: Pyrope Garnet

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Wrick: Shop around. No problem getting that standard; for one, it is in our
catalogue. Note the A$ is 40% less than the US$.
Cheers
Jim Darley

ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
Phone +61 77 740 370 Fax: +61 77 892 313
Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
************************ http://www.proscitech.com.au

----------
} From: Rick Feltenby way of Nestor J. Zaluzec {rfelten-at-Macdermid.com}
} To: microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
} Subject: Pyrope Garnet
} Date: Wednesday, 3 December 1997 9:15
} Rick Felten
} 12/02/97 03:06 PM
} I am looking for some Pyrope Garnet, Mg3Al2Si3O12, to use as a X-Ray
} Microanalysis Standard. I have tried many of the EM suppliers (Energy
Beam
} Sciences, Polysciences, Fullam, and Ted Pella) w/o any luck. I would be
} amenable to another standard that has major levels of Mg, Si and O and a
} minor level of Al and no other elements. Any suggestions?
}
}




From: Stephen A. Shaffer :      sshaffer-at-microdataware.com
Date: Tue, 02 Dec 1997 23:57:21 -0800
Subject: SFMS EMail List, Web Pages and Meeting Announcement

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Three announcements from the San Francisco Microscopical Society:

First, we have established an email list of correspondents who wish to
receive periodic announcements of our activities, significant updates to
our web pages, and other notes of the Society. To be placed on this
list, respond to me personally (not the MSA List!) via email, or respond
through the solicitation on the first of our web pages (see below).

Second, we would like to invite all friends of our Society to join us at
our annual Christmas Social Hour on Thursday evening, December 11, at
7:00 PM at the Rockridge Branch of the Oakland Public Library. Further
information can be obtained at our web pages (again, see below).

Third, we would like to announce the establishment of the San Francisco
Microscopical Society Web Pages. While in development they will reside
at:

http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/steve_shaffer/sfms.htm

After a shaking out period and filling in some gaps we'll probably move
to a more permanent URL, but for now I've posted the pages adjacent to
my personal pages.

With regard to the web pages, we are curious to know if commercial firms
would be interested in a corporate membership which would support the
society (we are a CA non-profit corporation) as well as providing an
opportunity for exposure to our members through our regular newsletter
and to the broader microscopy community through our web pages. If
you're with such a firm, please contact me off list and let me know if
such a membership would be of interest to your firm. I would anticipate
a very modest fee for such a membership.

Fourth, and perhaps most importantly, may you all have a safe, happy,
and full holiday season!

Steve Shaffer
--
**********************************************************
Stephen A. Shaffer sshaffer-at-microdataware.com
MicroDataware http:www.microdataware.com
(Under reconstruction and temporarily out of service)
Personal stuff: steve_shaffer-at-compuserve.com
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/steve_shaffer/
**********************************************************






From: Gordon Lowcock :      yr49-at-dial.pipex.com
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 1997 11:04:56 -0800
Subject: Microanalysis Standards.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Hi Rick.

Micro-Analysis Consultants Ltd has been in the business of supplying
standards for micro analysis for 16 years now. We have over 300 different
materials in stock with certificates of analysis. We are an ISO 9002 registered
company for the supply of standards, advertise regularly in Microscopy and
Analysis, and have a web site at:

http://www.macstandards.co.uk/town/street/yr49/

We specialise in the supply of full custom standards. In other words tell us
what you want and we will quote you for it. You can have whatever block size you
would like in either Stainless Steel, Brass, Aluminium or Carbon resin. The
number of standards we can fit into a block is form 1 to what ever will fit in
the block specified.
As an example for you a single 3mm x 5mm Brass mount standard of Almandine
Garnet will cost £65. Delivery will be 1 week from receipt of your order.


Micro-Analysis Consultants Ltd.
Unit 3 Edison Road,
St.Ives Industrial Estate,
St.Ives,
Cambridgeshire.
PE17 4LF
United Kingdom.
Tel: 44 (0)1480 462626.
Fax: 44 (0)1480 462901.
e-mail: standards-at-dial.pipex.com

Best wishes Gordon Lowcock.

} Rick Felten
} 12/02/97 03:06 PM
} I am looking for some Pyrope Garnet, Mg3Al2Si3O12, to use as a X-Ray
} Microanalysis Standard. I have tried many of the EM suppliers (Energy Beam
} Sciences, Polysciences, Fullam, and Ted Pella) w/o any luck. I would be
} amenable to another standard that has major levels of Mg, Si and O and a
} minor level of Al and no other elements. Any suggestions?





From: Stanley L. Flegler :      flegler-at-pilot.msu.edu
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 1997 08:32:56 -0500
Subject: RE: Pyrope Garnet

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Rick:
If you just need a specimen of pyrope garnet and do not want to buy an
expensive standards collection of several dozen standards, then I suggest
you try one of the many Internet Rock Shops. A quick check at one:
http://www.gemhut.com revealed that they have many gem quality specimens of
pyrope garnet starting at $9.95. I've purchased several isolated mineral
specimens like this for standards and they work very well.
Stanley L. Flegler, Assistant Director
Center for Electron Optics
Michigan State University





From: Pat Hales :      hales-at-medcor.mcgill.ca
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 1997 09:17:39 -0800
Subject: Re: Help - serial sectioning for TEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

At 10:10 AM 12/1/97 -0800, you wrote:
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

I don't know if I can help but I haven't seen anyone suggest what we do.
Rather than picking up the sections with the grids we traditionally pick
them up with a loop before placing them on the grid. In short, we make a
round loop by hand - about 3 mm in diameter although the size or shape can
be dependent on your specimen - with wire intended for metal evaporation
such that if lowered onto a water surface it picks up the water droplet
inside the circumference. This loop is then attached to the end of an
applicator stick. THe loop is lowered onto the water surface around the
sections - the sections are picked up with the water droplet, and then the
entire contents are lowered onto a grid which is sitting on filter paper.
With a film coating on the grid you might want to have your loop slightly
larger than the grid so that the water flows out around it into the fitler
paper - or cut "V" shaped pieces of filter paper to hold around the loop as
you lower it onto the grid. I don't know if this will solve your problem but
it's cheap and might be worth a try. Good luck!

Pat Hales
McGill University
Dept. of Anatomy & Cell Biology
hales-at-hippo.medcor.mcgill.ca





From: Greg Erdos :      gwe-at-biotech.ufl.edu
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 1997 11:41:19 -0500
Subject: Re: Help - serial sectioning for TEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We are interested in getting a digital camera for light microscopy. The
simpler, the better. Just want to capture a good quaility image into a PC
or SGI O2 platform that could then be handled by Photoshop or the like. We
are considering both color and B7W only cameras. Cost is a consideration,
as usual.

I would appreciate opinions from users and information from dealers.

TIA Greg Erdos

*******************************************************
G.W. Erdos, Ph.D. Phone: 352-392-1295
Scientific Director,
ICBR Electron Microscopy Core Lab
PO Box 118525 Fax: 352-846-0251
University of Florida E-mail: gwe-at-biotech.ufl.edu
Gainesville, FL 32611 http://www.biotech.ufl.edu/~emcl/

*****
"Many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased"
Daniel 12:4





From: wwiggins-at-carolinas.org
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 97 11:59:18 PST
Subject: Desperately Seeking Calcium

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear All,
Does anyone have a better idea to detect intracellular calcium
than by using the potassium pyroantimonate method as suggested
in Hayat? We've tried it but we're not sure if it's precipitating
calcium or the cesium that we use to induce metamorphosis in our
experimental animals. Our thesis depends on it. Help!

--------------------------------------------------------
Name: Winston W Wiggins, Supervisor Vox:704/355-1267
CRC-Electron Microscopy Lab Fax:704/355-7648
Carolinas Medical Center Lab:704/355-7220
P.O. Box 32861
Charlotte, NC 28232-2861 USA Date: 12/3/97
E-mail: wwiggins-at-carolinas.org Time: 11:59:18 AM
--------------------------------------------------------





From: Steve Barlow :      sbarlow-at-sunstroke.sdsu.edu
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 09:26:05 -0800
Subject: fixation of blood

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

a researcher wants me to prepare some thin section micrographs of red and
white blood cells. Simply adding 2X fixative to a few hundred microliters
of blood resulted, as expected, in a large clot.

Could someone recommend a simple protocol for such a sample--my botanical
biases are showing through

thanks is advance

steve


---------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Steven Barlow, Associate Director
EM Facility/Biology Department
5500 Campanile Drive
San Diego CA 92182-4614
phone: (619)594-4523
fax: (619) 594-5676
email: sbarlow-at-sunstroke.sdsu.edu
website: http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/emfacility/






From: Fatima Merchant :      merchant-at-persci.com
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 11:35:19 -0600
Subject: Need source for uranyl glass

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi All:

I was wondering if anyone had some information on
where i could buy some uranyl glass?

Thanks,
Fatima.





{} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {}

Fatima Merchant, Ph.D.
Senior Research Engineer
Perceptive Scientific Instruments, Inc.
2525 South Shore Blvd., Suite 100
League City, Texas 77573

Telephone: (281) 334-3027 Ext: 219
Toll Free: (800) 288-3027 Ext: 219
Facsimile: (281) 538-2222
Email: merchant-at-persci.com

{} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {}






From: Warren Straszheim :      wesaia-at-iastate.edu
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 1997 14:03:06 -0600
Subject: Re:

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We have been using the Pixera system for a little more than a year now. It
does color or B/W up to 1200 pixels across. The original cost was around
$1200 for camera and interface, I think.

We started with it on a 486-66 and it was a bit slow. We now have it running
on a 200 MHz Pentium thru a PCI card and it works okay for a inexpensive
solution. The preview is a little slow for focusing but workable. The camera
is TWAIN-compliant, sort of. The preview images to other imaging apps have
the colors goofed up as far as our version of the software (1.15, I think),
but the stored images are ok.

We ordered a 0.5x relay lens from Edmund Scientific for about $230 to adapt
the camera to our photo-tubes. We lose some of our field of view (compared
to our Polaroid camera) since the Pixera uses a 1/3" CCD, but it is adequate.

At 11:41 AM 12/3/97 -0500, you wrote:
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

E-Mail: wesaia-at-iastate.edu (or: wes-at-ameslab.gov)
http://www.marl.iastate.edu/marl/ (re: SEM)
http://www.public.iastate.edu/~iprt_info/cfce/ (re: coal)

electron microscopy, x-ray analysis, image analysis, computer applications





From: Robert Underwood :      underwoo-at-u.washington.edu
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 13:43:36 -0800 (PST)
Subject: Re: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Hi Greg,

We also needed a digital camera with good quality image and versatile.
After testing many we bought the PHotometrics Sensys. It is
monochrome,chilled (10 degrees) 1400 chip. We have been very pleased with
the resolution and sensitivity.

Bob


On Wed, 3 Dec 1997, Greg Erdos wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} We are interested in getting a digital camera for light microscopy. The
} simpler, the better. Just want to capture a good quaility image into a PC
} or SGI O2 platform that could then be handled by Photoshop or the like. We
} are considering both color and B7W only cameras. Cost is a consideration,
} as usual.
}
} I would appreciate opinions from users and information from dealers.
}
} TIA Greg Erdos
}
} *******************************************************
} G.W. Erdos, Ph.D. Phone: 352-392-1295
} Scientific Director,
} ICBR Electron Microscopy Core Lab
} PO Box 118525 Fax: 352-846-0251
} University of Florida E-mail: gwe-at-biotech.ufl.edu
} Gainesville, FL 32611 http://www.biotech.ufl.edu/~emcl/
}
} *****
} "Many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased"
} Daniel 12:4
}
}





From: Dr. Andrew P. Somlyo :      aps2n-at-elvis.med.virginia.edu
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 17:16:19 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: Desperately Seeking Calcium

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Any idea is better than potassium pyroantimonate. Find the nearest
friendly electron probe analyst (Peter Ingram or Ann LaFurgey?) and see
whether they can help you, but it depends on Ca concentration that you seek.
Good luck!

On Wed, 3 Dec 1997 wwiggins-at-carolinas.org wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Dear All,
} Does anyone have a better idea to detect intracellular calcium
} than by using the potassium pyroantimonate method as suggested
} in Hayat? We've tried it but we're not sure if it's precipitating
} calcium or the cesium that we use to induce metamorphosis in our
} experimental animals. Our thesis depends on it. Help!
}
} --------------------------------------------------------
} Name: Winston W Wiggins, Supervisor Vox:704/355-1267
} CRC-Electron Microscopy Lab Fax:704/355-7648
} Carolinas Medical Center Lab:704/355-7220
} P.O. Box 32861
} Charlotte, NC 28232-2861 USA Date: 12/3/97
} E-mail: wwiggins-at-carolinas.org Time: 11:59:18 AM
} --------------------------------------------------------
}
}




From: Quevedo Lopez Manuel Angel :      mquevedo-at-fenix.its.mx
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 17:41:15 -0800 (PST)
Subject: Informatio about TEM and AFM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

TEM Study of semiconductors thin films
AFM Study of " " "






From: samuelsson.sj-at-pg.com
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 19:31:00 -0500
Subject: TEM-Need names of contract labs

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I, and others in my situation, would appreciate hearing of contract labs that
perform thin sectioning and other TEM related services. It would be helpful to
hear testimonials of satisfaction (or otherwise) as well as names, telephone
numbers, turnaround times, pros and cons. TIA.

Steve

Steven Samuelsson, Ph.D.
Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
PO Box 8006
Mason, OH. 45040-8006
(513) 622-1753 office
(513) 622-1752 lab
(513) 622-1196 fax
samuelsson.sj-at-pg.com




From: George Sibbald :      geos-at-goldrush.com
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 1997 19:36:51 -0700
Subject: Re: how much is too much lipid in muscle-em?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Katri Vuopala

You may wish to use scanning probe microscopy as it allows some friction,
elasticity and conductivity data as well as molecular imaging at 37 C in
bio buffers.

Zhifeng Shao of Virginia is doing some work on muscle, but there is a big
difference between muscles in different parts of the body.

George

} From: Katri Vuopala {katri.vuopala-at-juniper.pp.fi}
} To: "'Microscopy-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com'" {Microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com}
} Subject: how much is too much lipid in muscle-em?
} Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 21:26:17 +0200



From: George Sibbald :      geos-at-goldrush.com
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 1997 19:36:56 -0700
Subject: how much is too much lipid in muscle-em?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Katri Vuopala

You might try high resolution in situ SPM as it can give you friction,
elasticity, and conductivity data while doing molecular imaging at 37 C in
biological buffers. The ease of use (simplicity of sample prep) is often a
time saver over SEM.

Zhifeng Shao of U Virginia works on muscle, but there is a big difference
between muscles in different parts of the body.

George

} } From: Katri Vuopala {katri.vuopala-at-juniper.pp.fi}
} } Subject: how much is too much lipid in muscle-em?
} }
} } ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} } The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America


____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
George Sibbald, President
Molecular Imaging Corporation; Technology leader "in situ" SPM
9830A South 51st Street, Suite A124
Phoenix, AZ 85044, USA
Phone(602)753-4311, Fax(602)753-4312
http://www.molec.com/




From: Bill Neill :      110155.1253-at-CompuServe.COM
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 00:14:04 -0500
Subject: SEM operator wanted

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Needed....
An SEM/EDX operator for a young, friendly company in SF bay area.
Materials science applications. =

Modern (brand new) SEM and EDX.
Please reply in confidence to Bill Neill at 110155.1253-at-compuserve.com




From: Rune Sundset :      runes-at-fagmed.uit.no
Date: Thu, 04 Dec 1997 09:16:17 -0200
Subject: Re: Desperately Seeking Calcium

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

At 11:59 03.12.97 PST, you wrote:

} Dear All,
} Does anyone have a better idea to detect intracellular calcium
} than by using the potassium pyroantimonate method as suggested
} in Hayat? We've tried it but we're not sure if it's precipitating
} calcium or the cesium that we use to induce metamorphosis in our
} experimental animals. Our thesis depends on it. Help!
}
} --------------------------------------------------------
} Name: Winston W Wiggins, Supervisor Vox:704/355-1267
} CRC-Electron Microscopy Lab Fax:704/355-7648
} Carolinas Medical Center Lab:704/355-7220
} P.O. Box 32861
} Charlotte, NC 28232-2861 USA Date: 12/3/97
} E-mail: wwiggins-at-carolinas.org Time: 11:59:18 AM
} --------------------------------------------------------
}
Dear Winston,

I recommend the following methods:

1. Bichromate - Probst W., Histochemistry 85, 231-239, 1986.

2. Fluoride I - Ponie and Epel, J Histochem and Cytochem,
vol 35,no 9, 939-956, 1987.

3. Fluoride II - Vohringer P., Microscopy Res and Technique,
vol 31, 317-325, 1995.

I have been using the bichromate method mostly and with great success.
Antimonate is very close in x-ray energy to calcium so it is difficult to
support the findings of precipitated calcium by using EDX. This is not a
problem with bichromate.

Good luck!

===============================================================
Rune Sundset
Dept. of Medical Physiology, Inst. of Medical Biology,
University of Tromsoe, N-9037 Tromsoe
Phone : +47 77 67 54 42 or +47 77 64 46 96 Fax : +47 77 64 54 40
http://www-users.fm.uit.no/~knutst/medfys/medfys.htm
---------------------------------------------------------------
Private
Tunveien 21, D-10, N-9018 Tromso,Norway
Phone: +47 77 67 45 48
===============================================================





From: Reinhard Windoffer :      windoff-at-goofy.zdv.Uni-Mainz.de
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 10:34:14 +0100 (MET)
Subject: AUROBEADS, distributor wanted

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello
I am looking for the distributor of AUROBEADS, colloidal gold used for
coupling to proteins. It is not longer available from Amersham, but they
couldnt tell were to get it now.
reinhard


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dr. Reinhard Windoffer Fon: (00)49 (0)6131/39 3720
Universitaet Mainz Fax: (00)49 (0)6131/39 4615
Anatomisches Institut e-mail: windoff-at-mail.uni-mainz.de
Becherweg 13
D-55099 Mainz
Germany
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .





From: Paula Allan-Wojtas :      AllanWojtasP-at-em.agr.ca
Date: Thu, 04 Dec 1997 07:28:41 -0500
Subject: Leasing an SEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi there,

I wanted to find out about the pros and cons of leasing an SEM. I would
also like to hear from any vendors off line, who could provide me with
some information as well.

Thanks,

Paula


Paula Allan-Wojtas
Atlantic Food and Horticulture Research Station
Kentville, Nova Scotia B4N 1J5
Canada

Phone (902) 679-5566
Fax (902) 679-2311

E-mail: allanwojtasp-at-em.agr.ca




From: kelloes-at-emlab.cb.uga.edu
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 08:54:41 +0000
Subject: TEM Phosphor Screen Restoration

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I would appreciate if anyone could let me know of companies that do
phosphor screen restoration. Please e-mail me directly at my address. Thank
you in advance. Cathy Kelloes




From: kelloes-at-emlab.cb.uga.edu
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 08:54:41 +0000
Subject: TEM Phosphor Screen Restoration

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I would appreciate if anyone could let me know of companies that do
phosphor screen restoration. Please e-mail me directly at my address. Thank
you in advance. Cathy Kelloes




From: jarnik-at-calvin.niams.nih.gov (jarnik)
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 10:34:45 -0500
Subject: Replicas

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi,

We have been using carbon replicas of proteins sprayed or adsorbed
on mica. It used to work quite well, but recently we have had
problems with floating replicas off the mica support. It is the same
batch of mica as before and I do not think we changed anything. Any
bright ideas?

Thanks,

Michal

Michal Jarnik
Lab of Structural Biology Research,
NIAMS, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Ph: (301) 435-2587





From: John.Wheatley-at-asu.edu (John C. Wheatley)
Date: Thu, 04 Dec 1997 21:09:48 -0700
Subject: Arizona State University Workshop and Winter School

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I posted a message yesterday about the ASU Workshop. Apparently some
people had problems reading the web page. I apologize. If you want
information about the ASU Workshop on In-Situ Electron Microscopy and the
ASU Winter School in January 1998, please see the following website:
http://www.asu.edu/clas/csss/

John C. Wheatley
Lab Manager
Arizona State University
Center for Solid State Science
PSA-213
BOX 871704
Tempe, AZ 85287-1704


Phone: (602) 965-3831
FAX: (602) 965-9004
John.Wheatley-at-ASU.Edu






From: Thane E. Benson, Ph.D., J.D. :      thane-at-epl.meei.harvard.edu
Date: Thu, 04 Dec 1997 11:15:50 -0500
Subject: Porter-Blum Ultratome Maintenance

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Our Sorval MT 2B needs an overhaul. Are there any who you would suggest
in the proximity of Boston who can service an MT 2B?
Thank you.
Thane Benson {thane-at-epl.meei.harvard.edu}




From: Thane E. Benson, Ph.D., J.D. :      thane-at-epl.meei.harvard.edu
Date: Thu, 04 Dec 1997 11:19:16 -0500
Subject: Digital Imaging for JEOL 100CX

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We are in the market for a digital image acquisition system to retrofit
to our 100CX. Could you suggest vendors who supply such a system?
Thank You
Thane Benson {thane-at-epl.meei.harvard.edu}




From: Brett Connolly :      brett_connolly-at-merck.com
Date: Thu, 04 Dec 1997 10:50:50 -0500
Subject: Human muscle for IEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

10:29 AM 12/4/97

I am looking for sources of LR White embedded human muscle tissue suitable
for IEM. The ideal situation would be if someone has, or could prepare,
unstained sections on grids. Alternately, if I could locate LR White
embedded material I could section it and return the block.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Brett M. Connolly, Ph.D.
Merck Research Laboratories
Human Genetics Dept.
WP26A-3000
PO Box 4
West Point PA 19486

ph. 215-652-2501
e-mail: brett_connolly-at-merck.com





From: Elaine Humphrey :      ech-at-unixg.ubc.ca
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 08:35:53 -0800
Subject: Re: Leasing an SEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America


I would be interested in your findings.
Elaine


Dr. Elaine Humphrey
Biosciences Electron Microscopy Facility
University of British Columbia
6270 University Blvd
Vancouver, BC
CANADA, V6T 1Z4
Phone: 604-822-3354
FAX: 604-822-6089
e-mail: ech-at-unixg.ubc.ca






From: Kevin Brent Smith :      kbsmit01-at-homer.louisville.edu
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 12:13:02 -0500
Subject: RE: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I too have been looking at low cost options for video/photomicroscopy. =
I was ready to go for the color ccd and a Snappy. Then my advisor said =
he would consider purchasing a Digital camera of moderate cost.
The main problem with the mid-range digitals, as I am sure many of you =
are aware, is that they are all fixed lense cameras. I noticed the Kodak =
DC120 ($800) because it has fairly high resolution, it has threading on =
the front of the lens to accept filters and adaptor lenses, and it also =
has a macro mode. When I spoke with their tech. service, they told me =
that a photomicroscopy system utilizing the DC120 system should be =
released in late December (approximate cost - $2100). The system will =
include the camera to C-mount adaptor, cables, power supply and software =
for onscreen preview of images. For my application, a nice thing about =
this system is that it uses the stock camera. The camera can then be =
used for other tasks around the lab.=20
I actually bought the camera on my own to give it a try before trying =
to sell the idea to my advisor. Of course, I didn't have any of the =
adaptors or the luxury of the onscreen image. The camera easily =
balanced atop a widefield ocular lens in the phototube. I was able to =
preview pictures in the DC120's lcd display. With a litte trial and =
error adjustment of the cameras lens position in macro mode I was able =
to achieve simultaneous focus through the binocular and the camera.=20
With this crude system, I was able to get great quality images of =
Acanthamoeba under phase contrast. I was most interested and concerned =
with the cameras ability to capture fluorescent samples. I did get good =
images of AO stains in the range of 1 to 8 second exposure times.=20
With very litte fuss, I was also able to take good quality gel photos =
with the camera balanced on top of the polaroid gel hood.=20
My impression was that if you machined your own adaptor, the system =
purchase might not be necessary but it would certainly be more =
convenient.=20
My advisor was sufficiently impressed, but the verdict is still out on =
whether I'll get to order the system.

Kevin Brent Smith - Masters Student
University of Louisville Biology Dept.
Life Science Bldg. Rm.#12
Louisville, KY 40292
Phone: (502) 852-6773
Fax: (502) 852-0725





From: GARONEL-at-cliffy.polaroid.com (LYNNE C GARONE)
Date: Thu, 04 Dec 1997 12:42:23 -0800
Subject: RE: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We are research microscopists at Polaroid who have been using the
Polaroid DMC Digital Microscope Camera in our laboratory since before
its introduction in July of this year. We are very pleased with the
high resolution digital images acquired with this camera. The DMC is
an affordable (just under $6K) high resolution color CCD camera for
the light microscope. The million pixel 3/4" CCD camera has a built
in C-mount interface, which takes standard 1" or most 2/3" C-mounts.
No special adapters are required. It is a SCSI device (no frame
grabber board required) and quickly transfers images to your computer
without any compression involved. It comes with a TWAIN driver, Adobe
Photoshop plug-in for the Mac, and also a stand alone program (PC and
Mac) to acquire and perform some image processing on images. The
camera captures 24 bit color images in two sizes: a 1600 X 1200 pixel
5.5 MB image, or an 800 X 600 pixel 1.4 MB image. There is also an 8
bit B/W capture mode. The camera driver has a B/W preview mode with
up to 5 frames/second capture to aid in positioning and focusing. A
focus meter mathematically monitors and helps you optimize focus.
Please visit Polaroid's website for more information -
www.Polaroid.com.

Katherine Macchiarola and Lynne Garone




From: Energy Beam Sciences, Inc. :      ebs-at-ebsciences.com
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 14:58:30 -0500
Subject: Re: Porter-Blum Ultratome Maintenance

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear fellow microscopitsts,

At 11:15 AM 12/4/97 -0500, Thane Benson wrote:
} Our Sorval MT 2B needs an overhaul. Are there any who you would suggest
} in the proximity of Boston who can service an MT 2B?

I would recommend Bill McGee. He worked for Dupont-Sorvall when they made
this microtome. His company is Microtome Service Company of Liverpool, NY.
He can be reached at 315-451-1404.

Best regards,
Steven E. Slap
********************************
Energy Beam Sciences, Inc.
Adding Brilliance To Your Vision
ebs-at-ebsciences.com
http://www.ebsciences.com/
********************************





From: henk-at-vt8200.vetmed.lsu.edu
Date: Thu, 04 Dec 1997 11:02:14 -0600
Subject: scanning microscopy - Johari

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

It really depends on what you want to do with the images i.e. print them =
out to photo quality printer, etc.
We have a 100CX with an image system on it, but could not afford the high =
end system. It is likely that this will prevent us from truly using it =
for what it was intended although the manufacturer indicated that it =
should do the job i.e. print most of our images directly to a Codonics =
NP1660 printer. What will you be using it for?

Judy Murphy
Microscopy Technology Center
San Joaquin Delta College
5151 Pacific Ave.
Stockton, CA 95207
209/954-5284
__________________________________________________________________________=
_____

We are in the market for a digital image acquisition system to retrofit
to our 100CX. Could you suggest vendors who supply such a system?
Thank You
Thane Benson {thane-at-epl.meei.harvard.edu}

------------------ RFC822 Header Follows ------------------
Received: by sjdccd.cc.ca.us with ADMIN;4 Dec 1997 11:15:50 -0800
Received: from Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (206.69.208.10) by =
ms.sjdccd.cc.ca.us
with SMTP (Eudora Internet Mail Server 1.2); Thu, 4 Dec 1997 11:15:26 =
-0800
Received: (from daemon-at-localhost) by Sparc5.Microscopy.Com =
(8.6.11/8.6.11) id KAA14682 for dist-Microscopy; Thu, 4 Dec 1997 10:05:09 =
-0600
Received: from epl.meei.harvard.edu (epl.meei.harvard.edu =
[204.166.79.51]) by Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (8.6.11/8.6.11) with SMTP id =
KAA14679 for {Microscopy-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com} ; Thu, 4 Dec 1997 10:05:08 =
-0600
Received: from 204.166.79.204 (amb-office.meei.harvard.edu) by =
epl.meei.harvard.edu (M/EPL-97.11.01)
id AA04939; Thu, 4 Dec 97 11:19:14 EST
Message-Id: {3486D802.EB6-at-epl.meei.harvard.edu}

Hello All,

Does anyone know what has happened to Dr. Om Johari and the journal

{bold} Scanning Microscopy {/bold} . I have been unable to contact him via
e-mail, phone,

or fax and have not been able to find reference to the journal in over
two

years. Have he and the journal "retired"?



Bill Henk

Dept. of Anatomy & Cell Biology

LSU School of Veterinary Medicine

Baton Rouge, LA 70803

phone -(504)346-3237

e-mail - henk-at-vt8200.vetmed.lsu.edu




From: bozzola-at-siu.edu (John J. Bozzola)
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 04:36:28 -0600
Subject: Dust Control

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

A colleague has a dust problem. He has several mobile carts used to
transport plastic components that he wishes to keep free of dust and very
clean. The components are kept inside of a 36 cubic inch box on top of the
cart. Anyone know of a way to keep the components from attracting dust
when the box is opened to remove one of the plastic parts?

Since the carts are going to be moved a lot, the anti-static device should
also be mobile. I suggested electrostatic precipitators, but he did not
like the idea of high voltages? Likewise, he did not like my idea of using
an alpha emitter (Americium, for example). Can't think of much else,
however.

Thanks.


####################################################################
John J. Bozzola, Ph.D., Director
Center for Electron Microscopy
Neckers Building, Room 146 - B Wing
Southern Illinois University
Carbondale, IL 62901
U.S.A.
Phone: 618-453-3730
Fax: 618-453-2665
Email: bozzola-at-siu.edu
Web: http://www.siu.edu/departments/shops/cem.html
####################################################################






From: Vachik Hacopian :      vhacopian-at-wellesley.edu
Date: Thu, 04 Dec 1997 18:12:28 -0500
Subject: Re: Porter-Blum Ultratome Maintenance

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Gaylord Garroway has rendered routine maintenance service for our Sorvall
microtomes (we have 9) for over 20 years. He is very competent, and we have
been pleased with his service. He may be reached at 1-508-473-9579
(Milford, MA).

Vachik Hacopian




} Our Sorval MT 2B needs an overhaul. Are there any who you would suggest
} in the proximity of Boston who can service an MT 2B?
} Thank you.
} Thane Benson {thane-at-epl.meei.harvard.edu}







From: Paul Tiseo :      tiseo.paul-at-mayo.edu
Date: Thu, 04 Dec 1997 17:06:26 -0500
Subject: Looking for a good printer...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Hi,

We're setting up a new lab and we will be doing a whole lot of
microscopy: light, confocal, EM. We are looking for recommendations on a
versatile printer with which we can print publication-quality (at least
600dpi but preferably better) prints. Anyone willing to tell all about their
printer?
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
Paul Tiseo | "It's funny that pirates were always going
Mayo Clinic - Jacksonville | around searching for treasure, when they
Birdsall 3 | never realized that the real treasure
(904) 953-8254 (pager) | was the fond memories they were creating."
tiseo.paul-at-mayo.edu |
http:// coming soon | - Jack Handey
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=






From: Sara Miller :      saram-at-acpub.duke.edu
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 19:36:48 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: fixation of blood

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

No reason why you can't embed the clot to see RBCs, but you won't have
many WBCs. To see lots of these, you need a buffy coat. You can either
separate them with Lymphocyte Separation Media or Ficoll Hypaque, or you
can just let the cells settle out (heparinized) on the benchtop or in a
low speed centrifuge. Gently remove the serum and gently add glut
without disturbing the pellet. Let fix for a couple of hours and take
off the very top layer (either cut the plastic tube with a razor blade,
or remove the cells with a Pasteur pipet. This layer will be enriched
with WBCs, but will also have many reds. It will appear slightly pinker
than the cells in the bottom (a creamy hue). Re-pellet and encase with
agar to keep them together as a block while embedding.


Sara E. Miller, Ph. D.
P. O. Box 3020
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, NC 27710
Ph: 919 684-3452
FAX: 919 684-8735





From: George Sibbald :      geos-at-goldrush.com
Date: Thu, 04 Dec 1997 19:47:52 -0700
Subject: Re: Leasing an SEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Paula

Have you considered SPM?

It seems to me that you are forced to go ex situ with SEM?

It would seem that you will loose versatility rather than gain. The
current SPM design can give you atomic resolution with STM and AFM, Plus
allow control of the environments (PH, Temperature, Electro chem Potential)
and work under liquids (wide range of viscosity).

For food studies you get the atomic resolution imaging while you simulate
real conditions such as digestion, cooking, freezing, reactions with drugs,
alcohol, etc.

This is also the big interest from Biological SEM users moving to SPM for
in situ studies on live samples at 37 C.

To my knowledge what may be missing is spectroscopy.

But you gain dramatically by moving to high resolution in situ microscopy.

Let me know about your needs, SPM may be a good alternative.

George



____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
George Sibbald, President
Molecular Imaging Corporation; Technology leader "in situ" SPM
9830A South 51st Street, Suite A124
Phoenix, AZ 85044, USA
Phone(602)753-4311, Fax(602)753-4312
http://www.molec.com/




From: Garber, Charles A. :      cgarber-at-2spi.com
Date: Thu, 04 Dec 97 22:34:18 -0500
Subject: Leasing vs. buying

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

-- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --

Dr. Elaine Humphrey wrote:
===================================================
I wanted to find out about the pros and cons of leasing an SEM. I would
also like to hear from any vendors off line, who could provide me with some
information as well.
===================================================
As some one who has purchased outright SEMs, bank financed SEMs and leased
SEMs over the past almost thirty year period, think I can answer with some
amount of experience. And the answer: It is "all in the eyes of the
beholder", or putting it another way, it is all a matter of trade offs
between interest rates, bank loan rates vs. lease rates. The decision that
is the right one at one point in time, might be the wrong decision at some
other time.

And this kind of decision might be one way in the USA and it might be an
entirely different one in Canada where there are different tax laws and
different rules relating to the tax deductibility of lease payments as a
business expense.

In general, the "best deal" is to pay cash but you also have to take into
consideration the return you would other wise be getting if you left that
money invested where it was and you took out a bank loan to pay for the
instrument. In other worlds, it all depends on interest rates at the time
the decision has to be made.

Leasing, is in general, just a more expensive form of bank financing. It is
more expensive because the leasing company has to worry about what they
would do if they had to foreclose, say, on someone's TEM. This risk can be
partially off-set by a buy-back guarantee from the manufacturer, but it has
been our own experience that a manufacturer, since they now have to cover
this added "cost" or "risk" of having to undo the sale some day, tends to be
a bit less competitive on the final negotiated selling price.

Even the decision whether to use an "open" or "closed ended" lease depends
on who is going to carry the burden of risk of predicting fair market value
at the end of the lease term.

So the real answer is that there are a number of trade offs, the sum total
of which are influenced by a) your country, b) your tax status (e.g. for
profit vs. nonprofit vs. government lab), and c) relative lease vs. bank
loan rates. This has, for us, always been an exercise for our outside
accounting firm and not for us scientists or even our in-house accounting
department people.

Chuck

===================================================
Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com


Look for us!
############################
WWW: http://www.2spi.com
############################
==================================================




From: Randy Tindall :      rtindell-at-NMSU.Edu
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 22:20:34 -0700
Subject: SEM-Sputter coating particle samples

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi,

Does anyone have any experience with analysis of particulates on Nucleopore
filters? We have an ongoing project involving particle counts and EDS
analysis of air sample particulates collected on Nucleopore filters. For
particle counts, I have been cutting out sections of the filters and
attaching them with carbon tape to aluminum stubs, then gold coating them.
For EDS, I have simply attached cut sections of the filters to clean carbon
stubs with carbon tape and viewed/analyzed them using the variable-pressure
mode of our SEM. Since we need to image particles in detail at mags up to
20,000x, it's not feasible to do both imaging and EDS on uncoated samples,
due to resolution limitations of backscatter imaging and variable pressure
conditions.

On occasion, it has seemed that fewer particles are seen on the
sputter-coated samples than on the uncoated ones, although they are taken
from the same filters from adjacent locations. Since the particles
themselves are only attached loosely to the collecting filters (i.e., no
special adhesive techniques are used), is it possible that the
sputter-coating process can dislodge significant numbers of particles?
Needless to say, this could have serious consequences for the data....

Thanks for any feedback on this.

Randy Tindall
2017 Princess Jeanne
Las Cruces, New Mexico 88001-4157





From: Jim Darley :      jim-at-proscitech.com.au
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 17:11:40 +1100
Subject: Re: Dust Control

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

How about slight positive pressure while the cabinet is opened? Pressure
could be provided from a small compressed air or nitrogen cylinder. This
should ensure that no particles from outside the cabinet would enter - if
the opening is not too large.
Jim Darley

ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
Phone +61 77 740 370 Fax: +61 77 892 313
Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
************************ http://www.proscitech.com.au

}
} A colleague has a dust problem. He has several mobile carts used to
} transport plastic components that he wishes to keep free of dust and very
} clean. The components are kept inside of a 36 cubic inch box on top of
the
} cart. Anyone know of a way to keep the components from attracting dust
} when the box is opened to remove one of the plastic parts?
}
} Since the carts are going to be moved a lot, the anti-static device
should
} also be mobile. I suggested electrostatic precipitators, but he did not
} like the idea of high voltages? Likewise, he did not like my idea of
using
} an alpha emitter (Americium, for example). Can't think of much else,
} however.
}
} Thanks.
}
}
} ####################################################################
} John J. Bozzola, Ph.D., Director
} Center for Electron Microscopy
} Neckers Building, Room 146 - B Wing
} Southern Illinois University
} Carbondale, IL 62901
} U.S.A.
} Phone: 618-453-3730
} Fax: 618-453-2665
} Email: bozzola-at-siu.edu
} Web: http://www.siu.edu/departments/shops/cem.html
} ####################################################################
}
}




From: Bob Holthausen :      Bob_Holthausen-at-Pall.com
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 08:52:45 -0500
Subject: Re: Dust Control

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Authenticated sender is {jnj631-at-ix.netcom.com}



This was my thought also, but keep in mind that the gas in cylinders
is not always "particle free" either. I would suggest that you filter the
gas just as it enters the cabinet. Rating of the filter should be
determined by how small a particle you are concerned with. My bias is that
I am a microscopist for a filter company, but I am continually suprised at
how dirty many "new" materials are as delivered.

Bob Holthausen
Pall Corporation
Port Washington, NY






jim-at-proscitech.com.au on 12/05/97 01:11:40 AM

To: bozzola-at-siu.edu
cc: microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (bcc: Bob Holthausen/SLSNY/Pall/US)









From: Brian McIntyre :      mcintyre-at-optics.rochester.edu
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 08:53:51 -0400
Subject: Re: SEM-Sputter coating particle samples

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America



i do similar analyses in some undergraduate courses at the UofR. the
technique we use is to collect on 0.2um pore size 13mm filters. after the
particles are collected i take a 1/2" pin mount and coat it with carbon
paint. while the paint is still wet i put the whole filter in it...it
sticks well and the carbon does not migrate up through the pores (let it
air dry in a clean area though). i then coat with either Au or C depending
on the intention of EDS work...

i suspect that you may be losing particles in handling; the technique above
may avoid some of these concerns (although small particles are pretty
intimately attached to the polycarbonate filters)

hope this helps

b-

****************************************************************
Brian McIntyre
Electron Microscopy Lab
Institute of Optics
University of Rochester
Rochester, NY 14627

716-275-3058
716-244-4936(fax)






From: DrJohnRuss :      DrJohnRuss-at-aol.com
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 09:16:01 EST
Subject: Re: RE: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


In a message dated 12/4/97 1:39:45 PM, you wrote:

} The main problem with the mid-range digitals, as I am sure many of you are
aware,
} is that they are all fixed lense cameras.

That is a problem but not the main one. The main one is that most "consumer
level" cameras do compression onthe image - usually JPEG - to reduce file
size. This is absolutely inimical to subsequently trying to do any serious
analysis on the images later - details are altered, moved, etc., brightness
and color altered differently in different regions, etc. The "serious" cameras
like the Kodak DCS and Polaroid DMC (I use the latter) ship the image to the
computer without compression.
John Russ




From: CORLB-at-cliffy.polaroid.com (R-Brooks Corl)
Date: 12/4/97 12:13 PM
Subject: RE: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I HAVE A COMMERCIAL STAKE IN WHAT I AM ABOUT TO TELL YOU!

Have you seen/tried the Polaroid DMC? It connects to the microscope
via standard C-mount (no lens on the camera, just C-mount thread),
creates a TIFF file into your computer at 1600x1200 or 800x600 pixel
resolution, and converts quickly and easily for macro work on your
copy stand by adding C-mount macro lens. List price under $6K.
Details on the Polaroid website at http:\\www.polaroid.com

Hoping this isn't too commercial. The product is still rather new
(introduced July '97) and seems directly applicable to your question.

Brooks Corl
Senior Applications Manager
POLAROID CORPORATION
corlb-at-polaroid.com



______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

I too have been looking at low cost options for video/photomicroscopy. I
was ready to go for the color ccd and a Snappy. Then my advisor said he would
consider purchasing a Digital camera of moderate cost.
The main problem with the mid-range digitals, as I am sure many of you
are aware, is that they are all fixed lense cameras. I noticed the Kodak DC120
($800) because it has fairly high resolution, it has threading on the front of
the lens to accept filters and adaptor lenses, and it also has a macro mode.
When I spoke with their tech. service, they told me that a photomicroscopy
system utilizing the DC120 system should be released in late December
(approximate cost - $2100). The system will include the camera to C-mount
adaptor, cables, power supply and software for onscreen preview of images. For
my application, a nice thing about this system is that it uses the stock camera.
The camera can then be used for other tasks around the lab.
I actually bought the camera on my own to give it a try before trying to
sell the idea to my advisor. Of course, I didn't have any of the adaptors or the
luxury of the onscreen image. The camera easily balanced atop a widefield
ocular lens in the phototube. I was able to preview pictures in the DC120's lcd
display. With a litte trial and error adjustment of the cameras lens position in
macro mode I was able to achieve simultaneous focus through the binocular and
the camera.
With this crude system, I was able to get great quality images of
Acanthamoeba under phase contrast. I was most interested and concerned with
the cameras ability to capture fluorescent samples. I did get good images of AO
stains in the range of 1 to 8 second exposure times.
With very litte fuss, I was also able to take good quality gel photos
with the camera balanced on top of the polaroid gel hood.
My impression was that if you machined your own adaptor, the system
purchase might not be necessary but it would certainly be more convenient.
My advisor was sufficiently impressed, but the verdict is still out on
whether I'll get to order the system.

Kevin Brent Smith - Masters Student
University of Louisville Biology Dept.
Life Science Bldg. Rm.#12
Louisville, KY 40292
Phone: (502) 852-6773
Fax: (502) 852-0725





From: ejb11-at-psu.edu (Edward J. Basgall)
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 10:49:10 -0500
Subject: Re: Looking for a good printer...reply

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

X-Sender: ejb11-at-email.psu.edu
Message-Id: {v01540b05b0adcfa89025-at-[146.186.179.89]}
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

Paul,
I would recommend looking into a Tektronix 450? color wax printer. We have
an older 350 on our network that is great for color and greyscale. I
believe ours is 300 dpi. 600 dpi files will take up an enourmous amount of
memory. Journals will trash your 600 dpi images back to 300 dpi anyway
when reducing to half-tone. Only drawback is you cannot write directly on
the images Photoshop annotation as a seperate layer works well). Just my
.02 worth.

ed

Edward J. Basgall, PhD
The Pennsylvania State University
Surface Chemistry Group ejb11-at-psu.edu
Materials Research Institute Building Ph: 814-865-0493
University Park, PA 16802-7003 FAX: 814-863-0618
http://www.personal.psu.edu/ejb11/
Privilege does not absolve one of ecological responsibility.






From: Stephanie Wind :      wind-at-moltech.com
Date: Fri, 05 Dec 1997 09:42:59 -0700
Subject: Re: SEM-Sputter coating particle samples

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

At 10:20 PM 12/4/97 -0700, you wrote:
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

I do SEM/EDX particle analysis on a fairly regular basis. I had also found
that samples which I had sputter coated had fewer particles. I now use just
sticky carbon tabs for most of my particles, but the ones in liquids I first
pick up on a grid, and then mount on the sticky carbon. These can be sputter
coated without losing the particles. If you absolutely have to collect your
particles on a Nucleopore, you might try collecting as usual, and then using
a conductive tape/tab to pick up the particles from the Nucleopore, then
mounting the conductive tape/tab.



Stephanie Wind McCray
Process Chemist
Moltech Corp.
9000 S Rita Rd, Bldg 61
Tucson, AZ 85747
520-799-7631 (office) or
520-799-7535 (lab)
wind-at-moltech.com






From: ejb11-at-psu.edu (Edward J. Basgall)
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 12:03:08 -0500
Subject: Re: SEM-Sputter coating particle samples -reply

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


} Hi,
}
} Does anyone have any experience with analysis of particulates on Nucleopore
} filters? We have an ongoing project involving particle counts and EDS
} analysis of air sample particulates collected on Nucleopore filters. For
} particle counts, I have been cutting out sections of the filters and
} attaching them with carbon tape to aluminum stubs, then gold coating them.
} For EDS, I have simply attached cut sections of the filters to clean carbon
} stubs with carbon tape and viewed/analyzed them using the variable-pressure
} mode of our SEM. Since we need to image particles in detail at mags up to
} 20,000x, it's not feasible to do both imaging and EDS on uncoated samples,
} due to resolution limitations of backscatter imaging and variable pressure
} conditions.
}
} On occasion, it has seemed that fewer particles are seen on the
} sputter-coated samples than on the uncoated ones, although they are taken
} from the same filters from adjacent locations. Since the particles
} themselves are only attached loosely to the collecting filters (i.e., no
} special adhesive techniques are used), is it possible that the
} sputter-coating process can dislodge significant numbers of particles?
} Needless to say, this could have serious consequences for the data....
}
} Thanks for any feedback on this.
}
} Randy Tindall
} 2017 Princess Jeanne
} Las Cruces, New Mexico 88001-4157

Hi Randy,
A trick I have had some success with is to pre-coat the filters with a
conducting metal, Au or AuPd before collecting particulates. If there is
peak overlap you might even try a Cr replicate.
It does a great job of making polycarbonate filters conductive, I also
attach them with Ag paint. Since we're using a mass spec technique
(TOF-SIMS) the carbon tape adhesive shows up. Another advantage to the
AuPd pre coating is that I can use the peaks as a SIMS calibration aid.

I have used this to investigate uncoated, unfixed, freeze dried yeast cells
with both LVFESEM (2kV) and TOF-SIMS. I can't say that I've tried EDS on
them. The SEMs come out great up to about 9000x. I've posted some images
on my web-site, follow the links to "Research Projects" then to "Sample
prep for LVSEM and TOF-SIMS".

good luck
ed

Edward J. Basgall, PhD
The Pennsylvania State University
Surface Chemistry Group ejb11-at-psu.edu
Materials Research Institute Building Ph: 814-865-0493
University Park, PA 16802-7003 FAX: 814-863-0618
http://www.personal.psu.edu/ejb11/
Privilege does not absolve one of ecological responsibility.






From: Valdre' Andrea :      a.valdre_NO_SPAM-at-NO_SPAM_agora.stm.it
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 18:11:10 +0100 (ITA)
Subject: TEM: Image Plates info needed !

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi to all members !

I' tryng to collect all info possible about "Image Plates" devices.

I know that FUJI had in the past a sytem called FDL 5000.
(I have a 1 page leaflet). Fuji, in Italy does know nothing about this produc.
Can anyone help me with more info, approx. price, where to find it, etc.

Regards to everybody - Have a nice Christmas and happy New Year !

PLEASE REMOVE "_NO_SPAM" and "NO_SPAM_" before and after -at- symbol to reply me.







From: kszaruba-at-MMM.COM
Date: Fri, 05 Dec 1997 11:40:49 -0600
Subject: Re: Looking for a good printer...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Paul,

We recently purchased the Epson Sylus Photo printer (only costs about
$500) to use as an intermediate-level printer. However, we have been
pleasantly surprized at the quality we get when using the Epson
Photographic Quality Glossy *Film*. A colleague recently submitted such
prints of histology samples for publication.

The printer resolution goes up to 720 dpi, and there are 6 color jets
vs. the usual 4. It is a little slow (takes about 5-8 minutes to do
high resolution full sized prints), but we don't have a large volume so
that's OK. The only problem we've had is getting the color settings to
produce consistent white backgrounds at the same time as producing
reasonable representation of reality. This is an issue not only of
printer settings but computer software, monitor, etc. However, even
when the image on the monitor is reasonable, the printout can be quite
different. Takes a bit of fiddling to get desired color representation.

The usual disclaimer: no connection to Epson other than customer.

Karen

tiseo.paul-at-mayo.edu wrote:
}
} Hi,
}
} We're setting up a new lab and we will be doing a whole lot of
} microscopy: light, confocal, EM. We are looking for recommendations on a
} versatile printer with which we can print publication-quality (at least
} 600dpi but preferably better) prints. Anyone willing to tell all about their
} printer?
} -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
} Paul Tiseo | "It's funny that pirates were always going
} Mayo Clinic - Jacksonville | around searching for treasure, when they
} Birdsall 3 | never realized that the real treasure
} (904) 953-8254 (pager) | was the fond memories they were creating."
} tiseo.paul-at-mayo.edu |
} http:// coming soon | - Jack Handey
} -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

--
Karen Zaruba
kszaruba-at-mmm.com
3M Company, St. Paul, MN 55144
"Opinions above are my own, not necessarily my employer's"




From: wamann2-at-metalmat.ufrj.br
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 11:32:21 EST3BRA
Subject: request pictures

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Microscopy members,
I am finishing a paper on the "Evolution of microscopy in the XX
century", (in hypertext) and have been unable to find pictures of
Zworikin and Oatley in the locally available literature.
If anyone can help me by attaching a .jpg, tif or similar picture to
email, I would be very grateful.

please answer directly to

wamann2-at-metalmat.ufrj.br

Prof. Walter A. Mannheimer
Dept. of Metallurgy and Materiais Eng.
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
POBox 68505, 21945 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Vox (55 21) 590-0579 Fax (55 21) 290-6626
wamann-at-metalmat.ufrj.br




From: John Arnott :      ladres-at-worldnet.att.net
Date: Mon, 01 Dec 1997 09:29:13 -0500
Subject: Re: Apertures for 2000FX

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

John F. Mansfield wrote:

}
} Hi there we are looking for a very small objective aperture for our JEOL
} 2000FX. Since these apertures come in strips there is a limited selection
} and the "standard" set comes with a 20micorn aperture as the smallest. We
} can get a 10micron from JEOL, does anyone know of a smaller one say
} 5microns?
} I have not called all of the Microscope Spares and Equipment suppliers yet,
} I thought I would solicit commnets for the community. Many thanks.
} Reply by email and I will summarize to the list if there is sufficient
} interest and response.
}
} Cheers
}
} Jfm.


} Dear John,

Ladd has been producing Apertures for over forty years now. Since we
produce them ourselves we can give you any hole size that you wish,
within certain technical limitations.
Please e-mail me with the size of all the holes you would like on the
strip and the material, I suspect PT, and we will send you a quote.

Best Regards,

JD Arnott
Ladd Research
13 Dorset Lane
Williston, VT 05495

TEL 1-802-878-6711 worldwide
1-800-451-3406 US, Canada
Fax 1-802-878-8074




From: Garber, Charles A. :      cgarber-at-2spi.com
Date: Sun, 30 Nov 97 12:55:05 -0500
Subject: SEM adhesive for pollen grains

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

-- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --

Ann Fook Yang wrote:
================================================
I am planning to do immunogold on brassica pollen grains. I am looking for
an adhesive that remain tacky when dried and would hold pollen through out
the process of washing, fixing, immuno-treatment, postfixing, dehydrating
and critical point drying.

Any suggestions will be appreciated. Thanks.
================================================
You might want to consider trying SPI's Tacky Dot(TM) Slides which can be
found on our website (along with an example of their use) at URL

http://www.cccbi.chester.pa.us/spi/new/tacky.html

If the pollen is reasonably free flowing, one grain (or possibly several)
will end up "sticking" per dot and since there is a build up of strength of
the adhesive bond with time (as is the case for most adhesives), after about
48 hours it is at its maximum. For most particles, the bond is reasonably
resistant to water, especially if not subjected to turbulent conditions. If
you can do the preparation on the slides, the end result will be infinitely
more easy to characterize with any kind of microscope than if the pollen
grains are in some random distribution on a substrate.

The "adhesive" is a dry adhesive, there is no chance of any particle sinking
into it, and there is nothing to off-gas to contaminate a vacuum system.
One mounted, so long as the slides are stored long term under dry conditions
as would any other SEM specimen, their life time seems to be indefinite.

Disclaimer: SPI Supplies manufactures Tacky Dot Slides under license from
DuPont, the patent holder and we therefore would like to see more people
using them! We are unaware of any other product of this type in the world.

Chuck

===================================================
Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com


Look for us!
############################
WWW: http://www.2spi.com
############################
==================================================




From: Dr P. Echlin :      pe13-at-cus.cam.ac.uk
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 09:45:57 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: Re: SEM adhesive for pollen grains

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

One of the cheapest and simplet "glues" for pollen grains is to dissolve
the glue from about a 30cm length of Scotch tape in about 10ml of
chloroform. Apply this to a clean abd shiny stub allow to d5ry and
sprinkle on or place pollen grains on the surface. Dry6 overnight in a
35oC oven, loghtly coat 8-10nm Au/Pd and away you go.

Patrick Echlin
Cambridge UK

On Sun, 30 Nov 1997,
Garber, Charles A. wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} -- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --
}
} Ann Fook Yang wrote:
} ================================================
} I am planning to do immunogold on brassica pollen grains. I am looking for
} an adhesive that remain tacky when dried and would hold pollen through out
} the process of washing, fixing, immuno-treatment, postfixing, dehydrating
} and critical point drying.
}
} Any suggestions will be appreciated. Thanks.
} ================================================
} You might want to consider trying SPI's Tacky Dot(TM) Slides which can be
} found on our website (along with an example of their use) at URL
}
} http://www.cccbi.chester.pa.us/spi/new/tacky.html
}
} If the pollen is reasonably free flowing, one grain (or possibly several)
} will end up "sticking" per dot and since there is a build up of strength of
} the adhesive bond with time (as is the case for most adhesives), after about
} 48 hours it is at its maximum. For most particles, the bond is reasonably
} resistant to water, especially if not subjected to turbulent conditions. If
} you can do the preparation on the slides, the end result will be infinitely
} more easy to characterize with any kind of microscope than if the pollen
} grains are in some random distribution on a substrate.
}
} The "adhesive" is a dry adhesive, there is no chance of any particle sinking
} into it, and there is nothing to off-gas to contaminate a vacuum system.
} One mounted, so long as the slides are stored long term under dry conditions
} as would any other SEM specimen, their life time seems to be indefinite.
}
} Disclaimer: SPI Supplies manufactures Tacky Dot Slides under license from
} DuPont, the patent holder and we therefore would like to see more people
} using them! We are unaware of any other product of this type in the world.
}
} Chuck
}
} ===================================================
} Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
} President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
} SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
} PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
} West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com
}
}
} Look for us!
} ############################
} WWW: http://www.2spi.com
} ############################
} ==================================================
}





From: Robert J. Palmer Jr. :      rjpalmer-at-utkux.utcc.utk.edu
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 14:21:06 +1000
Subject: Re: Looking for a good printer...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I'm not usually one for "me too" posts, but all you people who are shelling
out thousands of dollars for Textronics-level printers to make "publication
quality" prints ought to heed Karen Zaruba's (and my) words. Today, the
best bang-for-bucks is acheived with the Stylus Photo. If you find the
Epson Glossy Film a bit pricey (at roughly $2.50/sheet, I do), you can go
to Kodak Inkjet Photo Quality paper (it looks and feels like photo paper)
for about one-third that cost and not lose much definition. The prints
that come off the Epson device are publication quality - I defy anyone call
them "unacceptable" especially given the previous post on what actually
goes on in the transfer to print! I will submit some next week for
publication and I plan not to say a word about how they were generated -
let the printer complain (if they even notice). The only thing noticeably
better than these prints is the digital image itself.
Rob Palmer
CEB/UT






From: Richard Thrift :      Richard_Thrift-at-depotech.com
Date: Fri, 05 Dec 1997 11:47:51 -0800
Subject: Re: Looking for a good printer... bracketing

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Re the comment "Takes a bit of fiddling to get desired color
representation." (Seems like I may have heard that once or twice before!)

One of the big benefits I hear for the Codonics printer is their "bracketing"
feature, where it will print series of thumbnails of an image, varying
several combinations of settings such as gamma, so that the
best-appearing combination can be chosen easily without guessing.
Does anyone know if such a program (maybe a RIP, Raster image
processor program?) exists that can be used with other printers, e.g.
Epson or HP? Any comments on price/benefit?

Thanks
Richard Thrift
DepoTech Corp.
Richard_Thrift-at-DepoTech.com

} } } {kszaruba-at-MMM.COM} 12/05/97 09:40am } } }
. . .
We recently purchased the Epson Sylus Photo printer . . .
. . .
The only problem we've had is getting the color settings to
produce consistent white backgrounds at the same time as producing
reasonable representation of reality. This is an issue not only of
printer settings but computer software, monitor, etc. However, even
when the image on the monitor is reasonable, the printout can be quite
different. Takes a bit of fiddling to get desired color representation.. . .




From: Kalman Rubinson :      rubinsnk-at-is2.nyu.edu
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 14:53:12 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: Re[2]: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

On Fri, 5 Dec 1997, R-Brooks Corl wrote:

} Have you seen/tried the Polaroid DMC? It connects to the microscope
} via standard C-mount (no lens on the camera, just C-mount thread),
} creates a TIFF file into your computer at 1600x1200 or 800x600 pixel
} resolution, and converts quickly and easily for macro work on your
} copy stand by adding C-mount macro lens. List price under $6K.
} Details on the Polaroid website at http:\\www.polaroid.com

How does this differ from the PDC-2000/T which, I believe, is much
cheaper?

Kal






From: George Sibbald :      geos-at-goldrush.com
Date: Fri, 05 Dec 1997 14:14:15 -0700
Subject: New Technique for Tribology research

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Bernd

http://green.la.asu.edu/pubs/MACforce/

Article posted on Lindsay's Lab at ASU web shows force data of 7 liquid
molecular layers at the solid liquid interface, molecular orientation, and
molecular deformation based on position.

This combined with in situ control of environments should be the enabling
technology for molecular tribology studies.

For corrosion and tribology studies you can get atomic imaging, as well as
several types of force data LFM (lateral force) MAC Force (direct vertical
force), MAC Phase data, and MAC Phase with fractionalized tips (chemical
force)

George


____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
George Sibbald, President
Molecular Imaging Corporation; Technology leader "in situ" SPM
9830A South 51st Street, Suite A124
Phoenix, AZ 85044, USA
Phone(602)753-4311, Fax(602)753-4312
http://www.molec.com/




From: George Sibbald :      geos-at-goldrush.com
Date: Fri, 05 Dec 1997 14:43:33 -0700
Subject: Re: scanning microscopy - Johari

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Bill


Will you be at Cell Biology show in Washington D.C., December 15 - 18?


If you are please come to talk to us about Scanning Probe Microscopy. We
will be conducting training and "live" demonstrations of a technical
breakthrough for in situ high resolution biological imaging.


George


At 11:02 AM 12/4/97 -0600, henk-at-vt8200.vetmed.lsu.edu wrote:

} } } }

{excerpt} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

Hello All,

Does anyone know what has happened to Dr. Om Johari and the journal

{bold} Scanning Microscopy {/bold} . I have been unable to contact him via
e-mail, phone,

or fax and have not been able to find reference to the journal in over
two

years. Have he and the journal "retired"?



Bill Henk

Dept. of Anatomy & Cell Biology

LSU School of Veterinary Medicine

Baton Rouge, LA 70803

phone -(504)346-3237

e-mail - henk-at-vt8200.vetmed.lsu.edu



{/excerpt} { { { { { { { {


F.Y.I. ASU/MI Winter Microscopy Workshop is hosting its annual AFM in
Biology Hands-on Workshop. It will be held February 9th to 11th, 1998.
This is a wonderful opportunity for someone to learn the fundamentals of
AFM. On the second day of the workshop, participants will get a chance
to image atoms and molecules. Participants are encouraged to bring their
own samples for free testing.






____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

George Sibbald, President

Molecular Imaging Corporation; Technology leader "in situ" SPM

9830A South 51st Street, Suite A124

Phoenix, AZ 85044, USA

Phone(602)753-4311, Fax(602)753-4312

http://www.molec.com/




From: oshel-at-ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (Philip Oshel)
Date: Sat, 29 Nov 1997 17:18:26 -0600
Subject: methyl salicylate

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I have used Me salicylate to clear whole (gutted, 100mm sculpins) fish.
This was a pretty simple procedure, just dehydrate the fish in an ethanol
series, then transfer to 100% Me salicylate through a 3:1, 1:1, 1:3 EtOH:Me
sal. series. If parts stay cloudy, it is probably because they weren't
completely dehydrated. I used 1 to 3 days in each step, tissue pieces would
take less. When finished, the fish almost looked like they were made of
glass.

Phil

} From: Ramin Rahbari 313 998-3383 {rahbarr-at-aa.wl.com}
}
} I am interested to hear from individuals that have used methyl salicylate (?
} conc.) to clarify tissue in particular skin.
}

}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{

Philip Oshel
PO Box 5037
Station A
Champaign, IL 61825-5037
(217) 355-1143
oshel-at-ux1.cso.uiuc.edu
or poshel-at-hotmail.com
***** looking for a job *****







From: roadwalk-at-sprynet.com
Date: Sat, 29 Nov 1997 18:28:09 -0800
Subject: Re: Image storage problems - Oh, no not again!

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Disclaimer: I do represent a business that sells computers and their parts. We build
and repair computers.

Where did you get the price figures for the hard drives? If you are talking about
IDE, you are several years behind in prices. 6.0 Gig HDD's only retail for about
$300.00 or so. Look around. The price of things may surprise you.

SCSI HDD's are sinking in price as of early summer. The price is very affordable.

The best way to back up is still via a second HDD. It is less expensive than most
alturnatives and there is no media to concern yourself with. Take care of it and keep
it clean and it should last for a long time.

Don't forget that we are on the horizon of 1.0 Gig floppy drives.

Things are getting better and better as well as less expensive.




From: George Sibbald :      geos-at-goldrush.com
Date: Fri, 05 Dec 1997 16:07:01 -0700
Subject: test

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

test

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
George Sibbald, President
Molecular Imaging Corporation; Technology leader "in situ" SPM
9830A South 51st Street, Suite A124
Phoenix, AZ 85044, USA
Phone(602)753-4311, Fax(602)753-4312
http://www.molec.com/




From: labsoft :      labsoft-at-labsoft.com.pl
Date: Sun, 30 Nov 1997 00:17:07 +0100
Subject: EMS mikrosonden - Gernot Winkler - 2

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

To jest wieloczjciowa wiadomof w formacie MIME.

------=_NextPart_000_01BCFD25.4B37D9E0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-2
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Hello All
I am sorry - the message with above subject was dedicated to Microprobe
list.
regards
Krzysztof M.Herman
LabSoft Sp.C.
21 Kosciuszki Str. 05-500 Piaseczno, Poland
tel/fax: (48 22) 7502024, 7502028, 7570671
fax: (48 22) 483787, mobile (48 90) 213438
E-mail: labsoft-at-labsoft.com.pl
http://www.labsoft.com.pl/
------=_NextPart_000_01BCFD25.4B37D9E0
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-2
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
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------=_NextPart_000_01BCFD25.4B37D9E0--





From: George Sibbald :      geos-at-goldrush.com
Date: Fri, 05 Dec 1997 17:54:23 -0700
Subject: Cell Biology

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

If you be at Cell Biology show in Washington D.C., December 15 - 18, please
come to talk to us (booth # 253) about Scanning Probe Microscopy.

We will be conducting training and "live" demonstrations of a technical
breakthrough for in situ high resolution biological imaging.

George

F.Y.I. ASU/MI Winter Microscopy Workshop is hosting its annual AFM in
Biology Hands-on Workshop. It will be held February 9th to 11th, 1998.
This is a wonderful opportunity for someone to learn the fundamentals of
AFM. On the second day of the workshop, participants will get a chance to
image atoms and molecules. Participants are encouraged to bring their own
samples for free testing.


____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
George Sibbald, President
Molecular Imaging Corporation; Technology leader "in situ" SPM
9830A South 51st Street, Suite A124
Phoenix, AZ 85044, USA
Phone(602)753-4311, Fax(602)753-4312
http://www.molec.com/




From: Bruce Brinson :      brinson-at-rice.edu
Date: Sat, 29 Nov 1997 20:05:39 -0600
Subject: Slime-X

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Paul,
Don=92t like using their name so let=92s say Evex & similar=3D the gener=
al
term "Slime-x".
I suspect that their product line consist of a broad, very broad
but shallow array of airware, little else. No idea what their claims
are. No reason to believe what I=92d see or hear. Don=92t care.
I am glad to see this subject up again. During the intense frothing
over the Slime-x ethics, it seemed the common denominator was
frustration at the lack of punitive actions available.
No cyber bullets....wrong!.... information is a wonderful thing.
Well folks here is my shot. Our institution maintains a list of
preferred suppliers as well as problem children. They make a reasonable
effort to be fair in assessments. I supplied a sampling of the better
researched messages, their unsigned responses & a memo suggesting that
a company that behaved in this manor could not be trusted at any level.
This is not an absolute fix but is progress. BANG
I believe the we have an obligation to protect our counter parts in
the field, most of which I dare to say do not subscribe to this list.
For now, the low life ethical standards of Slime-x are an issue to us,
probably to no one else. Many of our students are potential customers
of high tech. hardware. Their decisions will reflect on & may impact
us directly. Down the road, they/we may be oblivious to this companies
ethical status. Any of you who have centralized purchasing or
preferred vendor list can help many of our associates now & in the
future by doing as I have done. Document the demon.
Naturally there will be others who follow in the footsteps of
Slim-x but I think a good public spanking is in order and a fairly
effective deterrent to others.

from my extream side:
in a loose paraphrase of George Patton in Hollywood...
when you put your hand it the goo that used to be your funding's face
you=92ll know how to kill the enemy, shoot them in the belly ....

Bruce Brinson
Rice U.







From: Steven Schwarz :      sschwarz-at-morgan.ucs.mun.ca
Date: Sat, 6 Dec 1997 10:18:06 -0330 (NST)
Subject: WTD: Zeiss parts

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



Are there any Zeiss Wizards out there that can help me with a few
questions concerning a Zeiss UNIVERSAL 'M' microscope ?

1-What are the electrical demands of a GLAREX viewing hood, and what does
the electrical attachment do ?

2-What is the purpose of the light bulb on the 35mm camera attachment ?

PARTS WANTED:

1-Adaptor ring to attach light source for reflected light microscopy on
back of microscope.
ie: Adaptor ring 3.4 mm (internal thread) {-} 4.3 mm bayonet mount
or
Adaptor ring 3.4mm (internal thread) {-} 3.3 mm bayonet mount

2- Extension tubes (12 mm) for EPIPLAN lenses with M24mm thread

3- Low power (1 to 8x) EPIPLAN, EPIPLAN LD or EPIPLAN HD lenses

4- H-Pr-POL reflector for vertical Illuminator IIC and EPIPLAN POL lenses

ZEISS parts for sale/swap

1- Vertical Illuminator IIC (lens mount does not hold 'quick change ring')
2- Adaptor ring (brass, home made, 4.2mm thread (externior thread) {-}
4.3 mm bayonet mount.



OR, do you know the name, address, telephone number, e-mail of some one
that does.

Thanks very much


Please reply to: michstev-at-cyberus.ca





From: Louis DeFilippi :      defilip1-at-flash.net (by way of Nestor J. Zaluzec)
Date: Sat, 6 Dec 1997 12:45:25 -0600
Subject: Searching for instructions, Spencer microscope.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Hello!: I was wondering if one of your associates might help me. I have an
older (20-30 years) microscope. It is a Spencer/American Optical, bifocal,
oil immersion, serial number 155715, but with no other type number. The
instruction manual was lost (prior owner) many years ago. Is there anyone
out there who might have a copy of the manual that they might share with an
ignorant biochemist? Please help. E Mail defilip1-at-flash.net. Thank you


Louis






From: DUNN TEM :      DUNNTEM-at-aol.com
Date: Sat, 6 Dec 1997 14:18:11 EST
Subject: Re: Replicas

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I have found that floating carbon off mica, as with floating Formvar off glass
slides, seems to be affected by a combination of the alignment of the planets,
the phase of the moon and the day of the week :-)

Other factors appear to be:
Humidity of the air in the room (if too dry, no good);
Surface condition of the mica (I rinse in alcohol and acetone after I cleave
the mica);
Condition of the evaporation system (possible oil contamination etc.).

Mostly though I just wait a day or two and try again. Usually works.

Good luck,


Ted Dunn





From: 7rO8Fng9N-at-traffi1ctower.com
Date: Sat, 6 Dec 1997 14:18:11 EST
Subject: Re: Replicas

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

MWK INDUSTRIES SALE!

JUST A QUICK LETTER TO SHOW YOU SOME LASERS- OPTICS AND OPTICAL TABLES
SURPLUS
THAT WE JUST RECEIVED.


ITEM TRIMMU12 14 WATT ARGON LASER MADE FOR HEART SURGERY, TRIMEDYNE
MODEL 900
TEMOO, POLORIZED,220VAC INPUT , WATER COOLED , FIBER LAUNCH, ALL ON
ROLLAROUND CART
EXCELENT FOR LAB USE, THE POWER WAS MEASURED AT 13 TO 14 WATTS. PRICE
$9500
12 MONTH WARRANTEE.

ITEM: COHERENT ARTICULATING ARM FROM A MODEL 451 CO2 MEDICAL LASER.
ECCELLENT COND. $200

ITEM CO220A: CO2 LASER MADE BY PFIZER ,1990, FOR SURGERY, TATTOO
REMOVAL ECT.
20 WATT OUTPUT , TESTED AND IN EXC. COND. 110 VAC INPUT, COST $40,000
NEW OUR PRICE 4,900.
MODEL 20-C

ITEM:PDA-1U1 SPECTRA PHYSICS QUANTRA RAY PULSED DYE LASER , GOOD FOR
SPARE PARTS
MODEL PDA-1 $500

ITEM NEWU1 NEWPORT OPTICAL TABLE 16" BY 36" 4" THICK, 1 " HOLE SPACING,
COMES WITH A
RUBBER ISOLATED TABLE STAND, NOT AIR SUPPORTED, $750

ITEM: HEPSN1 HELIUM NEON POWER SUPPLY KIT OPERATES UP TO A 15 mW
LASER, INCLUDES
ALL COMPONENTS AND PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD, ALL YOU HAVE TO DO IS STUFF
AND
SOLDER THE CIRCUIT BOARD . 4" BY 3" BY 3", PRICE $75

ITEM HENEU12 1 TO 1.5 MW HE-NE LASER 632.8 nM INCLUDES 12VDC INPUT
POWER SUPPLY
ALL IN A PLASTIC HOUSING 6.25 IN. BY 1.375IN BY 2.25 IN. TEMOO,RANDOM
POL. ,1.7 MR DIVERGENCE.
12 MONTH WARRANTEE , PRICE $45

ITEM MELU12 1 TO 2 mW HE-NE LASER 632.8 NM , PULLS FROM MEDICAL
EQUIPMENT .EACH
UNIT INCLUDES HE-NE HEAD AND POWER SUPPLY[110VAC INPUT]. ALL YOU NEED TO
PROVIDE IS A POWER CORD AND A FUSE TO MAKE THE UNIT OPERATIONAL. THE
BEAM IS TEM00, POLORIZED
WE WILL COVER EACH UNIT WITH A 12 MONTH UNLIMITED HOUR WARRANTEE,
EXCELLENT
FOR FOR LAB OR HOME USE. NEW THESE COST APPROX. $350 OUR PRICE $85.
DIMENSIONS 9.75 BY 1.25 INCHES, P.S. 4.25 BY 3.25BY 1.25 INCHES.

ITEM RAMCNS1: RAMAN CELL OPTICS 308 nm AR/AR 4600 A 0=0 DEGREES
1000 MM FL. 2" DIA. NEW. ORIGINAL PRICE $520 OUR PRICE $175

ITEM TFPOLNS1: POLARIZERS , THIN FILM FOR 532 nm , NEW, ORIGINAL COST
$590 EACH
OUR PRICE $200 EACH 10 MM DIA.

ITEM CO2OCNS1: CO2 HIGH REFECTOR AND OUTPUT COUPLER 10.5 MM DIA, OC
=79%R
NEW. $200 A SET.

ITEM 25MNS1: DIELECTRIC BROADBAND MIRRORS 450 TO 700NM , NEW WITH
PLASTIC
PROTECTIVE COATINGS , 2 SIZES 25 MM SQ. AND 50 MM SQ. RECOMENDED FOR
HIGHER
POWER LASERS.

25MM SIZE ITEM 25MNS1 $20
50MM SIZE ITEM 50MNS1 $25

ITEM # BSDNS1: 50/50 DIELECTRIC COATED PLATE BEAM SPLITTER 630 TO 660
NM
COMES IN A TRIANGLE SHAPE EACH SIDE APPROX. 1" PRICE $20

ITEM # 45NS1 45 DEGREE RED REFLECTOR , PASSES 488 TO 532NM , CAN BE
USED TO COMBINE
RED AND GREEN/BLUE LASERS TO CREATE A WHITE LIGHT LASER. 1" SQ. PRICE
$15

ITEM# PCINS1 PLANO/CONVEX LENS COATED FOR YAG 1064NM , AR COATED, 10MM
DIA.
NEW, ORIG. COST $250 OUR PRICE $100

ITEM# INFILTER : INTERFERENCE FILTERS USED FOR PASSING A PARTICULAR
SPECTRAL
LINE , 11.8 MM DIA. CAREFULLY REMOVED FROM MEDICAL EQUIPMENT AND WRAPPED
IN LENSE PAPER. THE FOLLOWING WAVE LENGTHS ARE AVAILABLE.
523.5, 547.4 , 572.1, 512.9, 550.6, 488, 505.7 nm price $20 each.

FOR A COMPLETE LINE OF NEW AND USED LASERS - OPTICS -ELECTRO OPTICS-
LASER SHOWS
ORDER A COMPLETE CATALOG AT MWKINDUSTRIES.COM


TO: ORDER GO TO OUR WEB SITE MWKINDUSTRIES.COM {SECURE ORDERING
SITE}

QUESTIONS OR REMOVAL FROM MAILING LIST EMAIL: MWK-at-WORLDNET.ATT.NET

MWK INDUSTRIES
1269 POMONA RD
CORONA CA 91720
PHONE 909-278-0563
FAX 909-278-4887





From: nigel.chaffey-at-genfys.slu.se (Nigel Chaffey)
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 13:04:33 +0200
Subject: CO-VISUALISATION OF CELLULOSE AND CYTOSKELETON

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Fellow Microscopists,

I am interested in visualising cellulose microfibrils and
microtubules/microfilaments in wood-forming cells of trees in the confocal
microscope. I use FITC-labelled antibodies for cytoskeleton and would like
to stain the cellulose with a fluorescent dye. If I had access to a UV
laser I would have no hesitation in using calcofluor/tinopal, but I don't.
So, can anybody suggest a visible light-excited fluorochrome that will
localise the cellulose and will permit imaging of both cellulose and
cytoskeleton? (If it helps we have a Zeiss 510 with 488, 568 and 633 nm
lines.)

I thank you in advance,

Yours sincerely,

Nigel Chaffey

-----------------------------------------------------
Dr Nigel Chaffey,
Dept Forest Genetics & Plant Physiology,
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,
S-901 83 Ume=E5,
Sweden
Phone: +46-90-786-6305
=46ax: +46-90-786-5901
eMail: nigel.chaffey-at-genfys.slu.se

Looking for another job/position/post...






From: nigel.chaffey-at-genfys.slu.se (Nigel Chaffey)
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 14:32:54 +0200
Subject: CO-VISUALISATION OF CELLULOSE AND CYTOSKELETON

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Fellow Microscopists,

I am interested in visualising cellulose microfibrils and
microtubules/microfilaments in wood-forming cells of trees in the confocal
microscope. I use FITC-labelled antibodies for cytoskeleton and would like
to stain the cellulose with a fluorescent dye. If I had access to a UV
laser I would have no hesitation in using calcofluor/tinopal, but I don't.
So, can anybody suggest a visible light-excited fluorochrome that will
localise the cellulose and will permit imaging of both cellulose and
cytoskeleton? (If it helps we have a Zeiss 510 with 488, 568 and 633 nm
lines.)

I thank you in advance,

Yours sincerely,

Nigel Chaffey

-----------------------------------------------------
Dr Nigel Chaffey,
Dept Forest Genetics & Plant Physiology,
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,
S-901 83 Ume=E5,
Sweden
Phone: +46-90-786-6305
=46ax: +46-90-786-5901
eMail: nigel.chaffey-at-genfys.slu.se

Looking for another job/position/post...






From: Barbara308-at-aol.com
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 11:31:00 -0600
Subject: new metallograph for material science

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Below is the result of your feedback form. It was submitted by
(Barbara308-at-aol.com) on Saturday, December 6, 1997 at 20:24:01
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Email: Barbara308-at-aol.com
Name: Barbara Oakley

School: Oakland University

State: Michigan

Zip: 48317

Question: Dear Madame or Sir,

My name is Barbara Oakley--I'm a grad student at Oakland University
in Rochester, Michigan. I've been given a budget of $25,000 to buy a new
metallograph for our material science laboratory. Can you give me any
advice? Right now I'm looking at the PME3 from Leco....

I'd appreciate any help you could provide.

Barb Oakley

---------------------------------------------------------------------------






From: bhaab-at-zinc.cchem.berkeley.edu
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 11:29:10 -0600
Subject: imaging and the thickness of the cover plate

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Below is the result of your feedback form. It was submitted by
(bhaab-at-zinc.cchem.berkeley.edu) on Friday, October 31, 1997 at 14:12:11
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Email: bhaab-at-zinc.cchem.berkeley.edu
Name: Brian B. Haab

School: U.C. Berkeley

State: CA

Zip: 94720

Question: Hi,

My question has to do with imaging and the thickness of the cover plate used.
How important is it to use a cover plate thickness for which the objective
was specifically designed? For example, if I'm using an objective which
says 0.17 (presumably corrected for a 170 micron cover slip thickness),
would image quality be greatly distorted when using something, say, twice
as thick? Also, what is the definition of "working distance?"

Thank you very much,

Brian Haab




---------------------------------------------------------------------------






From: Barbara Foster :      mme-at-map.com
Date: Sun, 07 Dec 1997 12:35:09 -0500
Subject: Re: Searching for instructions, Spencer microscope.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Louis DeFilippi (by way of Nestor J. Zaluzec) wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Hello!: I was wondering if one of your associates might help me. I have an
} older (20-30 years) microscope. It is a Spencer/American Optical, bifocal,
} oil immersion, serial number 155715, but with no other type number. The
} instruction manual was lost (prior owner) many years ago. Is there anyone
} out there who might have a copy of the manual that they might share with an
} ignorant biochemist? Please help. E Mail defilip1-at-flash.net. Thank you
}
} Louis
Dear Louis,

I have some older information on AO microscopes. If you can send a more
complete description (size, color, any other markings on objectives,
stand, etc.), I will try to see if it matches any of our literature.

Even better, if you can send a Polaroid print to our offices.

Thanks,
Barbara Foster
Consortium President
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
53 Eton Street
Springfield, MA 01108-2838 USA
PH: (413)746-6931 FX: (413)746-9311 email: mme-at-map.com
****************************************************
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
America's first consortium of microscopy experts offering
customized on-site training & applications solutions




From: Adam Papworth :      A.J.Papworth-at-LIVERPOOL.AC.UK (by way of Nestor J.
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 14:37:29 -0600
Subject: TEM of Diamond

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Please could somebody help me.

I am trying to make a TEM specimen of Diamond,
I have a Gatan PIPS at my disposal, but to use it my Diamond wafer
has to be less than 100 microns thick. At the it is 1mm thick.
Any suggestions on how to thin the Diamond wafer?
The Diamond is actually poly-crystaline CVD

Thank you in advance
Adam
Dr Adam Papworth
Dept Materials science & Engineering
Ashton Building
The University of Liverpool
L69 3BX

Phone No 0151 794 5372
Fax No 0151 794 4675
E-Mail adamp-at-liv.ac.uk






From: Doug Keene :      DRK-at-shcc.org
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 1997 19:58:52 -0600 (cst)
Subject: Re: Replicas

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Hello Michel...are you evaporating Carbon or a Pt-C mixture
for your replicas? I can only comment on my experience
using Pt-C. If your buffer has changed, this may affect
the ability of the replica to release. High salt or EDTA
causes difficulties. We routinely use 0.1 M ammonium
bicarb or 1% acetic acid. You might try exposing the
mica to the vapors of 1% acetic acid, in a closed
container, following evaporation. This works wonders for
releasing otherwise difficult replicas.

Good Luck,

Doug Keene
Shriners Hospital Research
----------------------
Doug Keene
DRK-at-shcc.org






From: Melvyn Dickson :      M.Dickson-at-unsw.edu.au
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 1997 10:24:06 +1100
Subject: Re: imaging and the thickness of the cover plate

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


} My question has to do with imaging and the thickness of the cover plate used.
} How important is it to use a cover plate thickness for which the objective
} was specifically designed? For example, if I'm using an objective which
} says 0.17 (presumably corrected for a 170 micron cover slip thickness),
} would image quality be greatly distorted when using something, say, twice
} as thick?

The cover plate thickness is the distance between the top of the cover
plate and the specimen so it includes the mounting medium AS WELL AS the
thickness of the cover plate itself. The refractive index of the mounting
medium can therefore be quite important. AND the depth of the mount.

If the mount/plate is twice as thick you will see severe distortion of the
image with the periphery quite out of focus.

Cover plate thickness does not much affect oil immersion lenses as the oil
optically bonds the front element of the lens to the plate. For this
reason all 100x and some very good 63x and 40x objectives are used with oil
immersion. But it is very important for "high dry" lenses where you are
hoping for good images. The best high dry (63x, 40x) objectives have a
correction collar which you can adjust to compensate for differing cover
plate/mounting medium thickness. If you don't have one of these, you have
to be careful to use a cover plate of the thickness the lens is corrected for


Also, what is the definition of "working distance?"

Its the distance between the front lens of the objective and the top of the
cover plate.



}
}
}
}
} ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
}
}
}
}
Mel Dickson
Electron Microscope Unit,
University of New South Wales.
Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

Phone (+612) 9385-6383
Fax (+612) 9385-6400

Website {http://emunit1.babs.unsw.edu.au/emu_top.htm}




From: Caroline Schooley :      schooley-at-mcn.org
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 16:16:09 -0800
Subject: Microscopy education

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I received this directly from Dennis. It should interest anyone who is
doing microscopy outreach, particularly if it's with SEM, so I'm taking the
liberty of placing it on the listserver:

Dear Friends and Associates,
Discovery Channel's documentary series, "Movie Magic", is airing a
segment called "Far Out Creatures" that features special effects used in
the making of science fiction films (Alien Resurrection and Starship
Troopers). Part of the 1/2 hour segment will include a short interview
with me and some of my "MicroAliens". I thought this might be of interest
to you.

The segment will run:
December 11, 1997 9:30 - 10:00 PM - West Coast Time
December 12, 1997 1:30 - 2:00 AM - West Coast Time
December 13, 1997 2:00 - 2:30 PM - West Coast Time


Please check your local listing for the time of Movie Magic on the
Discovery Channel for these days.

Best Regards, Dennis Kunkel

***********************************************
* Dennis Kunkel Ph.D. *
* Pacific Biomedical Research Center *
* University of Hawaii *
* *
* email - kunkel-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
* www - http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/~kunkel/ *
***********************************************

Caroline Schooley
Educational Outreach Coordinator
Microscopy Society of America
Box 117, 45301 Caspar Point Road
Caspar, CA 95420
Phone/FAX (707)964-9460
Project MICRO: http://www.MSA.microscopy.com/ProjectMICRO/Books.html
Intertidal invertebrates: http://www.fortbragg.k12.ca.us/AG/PCI/






From: Barbara Foster :      mme-at-map.com
Date: Sun, 07 Dec 1997 20:54:40 -0500
Subject: Re: imaging and the thickness of the cover plate

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

bhaab-at-zinc.cchem.berkeley.edu wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Below is the result of your feedback form. It was submitted by
} (bhaab-at-zinc.cchem.berkeley.edu) on Friday, October 31, 1997 at 14:12:11
} ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
}
} Email: bhaab-at-zinc.cchem.berkeley.edu
} Name: Brian B. Haab
}
} School: U.C. Berkeley
}
} State: CA
}
} Zip: 94720
}
} Question: Hi,
}
} My question has to do with imaging and the thickness of the cover plate used.
} How important is it to use a cover plate thickness for which the objective
} was specifically designed? For example, if I'm using an objective which
} says 0.17 (presumably corrected for a 170 micron cover slip thickness),
} would image quality be greatly distorted when using something, say, twice
} as thick? Also, what is the definition of "working distance?"
}
} Thank you very much,
}
} Brian Haab
}
} ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Brian,
Coverslips are considered part of the optical design of a microscope.
If the objective carries the marking "0.17", it expects to see a
coverslip of approximately that thickness on your sample. While it may
tolerate a slight deviation (0.15-0.18), the image may be seriously
degraded outside those limits. By the way, as you might have noticed,
there is very little information in the catalogs relating this
thicknessness to the ordring specifications. For 0.17mm, order a #1 1/2
coverslip.

Regarding working distance: it is open distance or space between the
front lens of the objective and the top of the preparation. Condensers
also have working distances": from the top element of the condenser to
the bottom of the slide/preparation.

We cover all of this and much more in our book, "Optimizing Light
Microscopy for Biological and Clinical Laboratories". If you would like
to order one, email me and we will forward an electonic order form.

Hope this helps.

Best regards,
Barbara Foster
Consortium President
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
53 Eton Street
Springfield, MA 01108-2838 USA
PH: (413)746-6931 FX: (413)746-9311 email: mme-at-map.com
****************************************************
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
America's first consortium of microscopy experts offering
customized on-site training & applications solutions




From: Barbara Foster :      mme-at-map.com
Date: Sun, 07 Dec 1997 20:58:35 -0500
Subject: Re: new metallograph for material science

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Barbara308-at-aol.com wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Below is the result of your feedback form. It was submitted by
} (Barbara308-at-aol.com) on Saturday, December 6, 1997 at 20:24:01
} ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
}
} Email: Barbara308-at-aol.com
} Name: Barbara Oakley
}
} School: Oakland University
}
} State: Michigan
}
} Zip: 48317
}
} Question: Dear Madame or Sir,
}
} My name is Barbara Oakley--I'm a grad student at Oakland University
} in Rochester, Michigan. I've been given a budget of $25,000 to buy a new
} metallograph for our material science laboratory. Can you give me any
} advice? Right now I'm looking at the PME3 from Leco....
}
} I'd appreciate any help you could provide.
}
} Barb Oakley
}
} ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Barb,

Most of the microscope companies carry superb metallographs. What do
you need in the way of specific functionality (i. e., camera ports,
magnification, upright vs. inverted, ability to project reticles for
visual measurement, etc.).

In your budget range, you probably would do well to consider the Olympus
(sold through LECO) or a Unitron system. Another alternative is a good
quality used Reichert MEF3 or MEF4. If you need contacts, phone
numbers, etc., please email me.

Send me a copy of your specifications and applications and I will see
who else might have what you are looking for.

Best regards,
Barbara Foster
Consortium President
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
53 Eton Street
Springfield, MA 01108-2838 USA
PH: (413)746-6931 FX: (413)746-9311 email: mme-at-map.com
****************************************************
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
America's first consortium of microscopy experts offering
customized on-site training & applications solutions




From: jmaguilera-at-MMM.COM
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 22:22:09 -0600
Subject: RE: Pyrope Garnet

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I've seen various garnet powders that you can get from Cargille.

J.Aguilera
3M Co.
St. Paul, MN




From: Marc C. Brande :      mbrande1-at-san.rr.com
Date: Sun, 07 Dec 1997 20:36:32 +0000
Subject: SUBSCRIBE

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

SUBSCRIBE MICROSCOPY Marc Brande




From: Philip Koeck :      Philip.Koeck-at-csb.ki.se
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 1997 09:16:56 +0100
Subject: Re: TEM: Image Plates info needed !

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Valdre' Andrea wrote:
}
}
} I' tryng to collect all info possible about "Image Plates" devices.
}
} I know that FUJI had in the past a sytem called FDL 5000.
} (I have a 1 page leaflet). Fuji, in Italy does know nothing about this produc.
} Can anyone help me with more info, approx. price, where to find it, etc.

Try http://home.fujifilm.com/info/products/science/ip/index.html
I hope that helps.

Philip
--
Philip Koeck
Karolinska Institutet
Dept. of Bioscience
Novum
S-14157 Huddinge
Sweden
Tel.: +46-8-608 91 86
Fax.: +46-8-608 92 90
Email: Philip.Koeck-at-csb.ki.se
http://www_scem.csb.ki.se/pages/philip.html




From: TIMOTHY.M.BOURETT-at-usa.dupont.com
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 1997 06:59:52 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Antibodies against cytoskeletal elements in Cereal Plants

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone know of any commercially available ABs that react with
cytoskeletal elements in cereal plants? We wish to do immunofluorescence but
have failed using commercially available alpha- and beta-tubulin monoclonal ABs
(N356 and N357 ABs from Amersham). We have done Western blots and these do not
appear to recognize the respective tubulins in rice. Any advice? Thanks.

Tim Bourett
DuPont Experimental Station
Wilmington, DE USA





From: Robert H. Olley :      R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 1997 12:22:28 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: Pliolite

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Does anybody know:

(a) of a supplier of Pliolite granules (in the UK if possible, but
otherwise either side of the Atlantic or Pacific)?

(b) what it actually is? I know it's a plastic with density close to that
of water, but that's as much as I know.

With thanks in advance,

+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Robert H.Olley Phone: |
| J.J.Thomson Physical Laboratory {direct line +44 (0) 118 9318572 |
| University of Reading {University internal extension 7867 |
| Whiteknights Fax +44 (0) 118 9750203 |
| Reading RG6 6AF Email: R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk |
| England URL: http://www.reading.ac.uk/~spsolley |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+






From: rgarcia-at-nova.wright.edu
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 1997 08:43:19 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: new metallograph for material science

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Barbara,

I do not have any experience with the Leco line of microscopes
but I have used others. We currently have a Nikon Epiphot that I think
performs better than most of the other metallographs that I have used.
Make sure you get demos and have plenty of samples to try test on them
before you buy. You should alos get a box of film and record an image
from each one. Good luck.

Robert Garcia
EMF Manager
Wright State University




From: Steven W. Miller :      Steven_W_Miller-at-CompuServe.COM
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 1997 09:07:56 -0500
Subject: Contract thin sectioning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

For plastic and cryosectioning as well as immunolabeling by contract you
can try Michele Wilhite, (Detroit area) 248-375-8126.
Regards,
Steve Miller




From: Robert Underwood :      underwoo-at-u.washington.edu
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 1997 06:47:24 -0800 (PST)
Subject: Re: CO-VISUALISATION OF CELLULOSE AND CYTOSKELETON

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi

I don't know about wood but in human tissue we use a .01% Evans Blue as a
total protien counterstain in conjunction with FITC tagged primary. The
evans blue excites and emmits like rodamine or texas red.

Bob

On Sun, 7 Dec 1997, Nigel Chaffey wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
} =20
} Dear Fellow Microscopists,
} =20
} I am interested in visualising cellulose microfibrils and
} microtubules/microfilaments in wood-forming cells of trees in the confoca=
l
} microscope. I use FITC-labelled antibodies for cytoskeleton and would li=
ke
} to stain the cellulose with a fluorescent dye. If I had access to a UV
} laser I would have no hesitation in using calcofluor/tinopal, but I don't=
=2E
} So, can anybody suggest a visible light-excited fluorochrome that will
} localise the cellulose and will permit imaging of both cellulose and
} cytoskeleton? (If it helps we have a Zeiss 510 with 488, 568 and 633 nm
} lines.)
} =20
} I thank you in advance,
} =20
} Yours sincerely,
} =20
} Nigel Chaffey
} =20
} -----------------------------------------------------
} Dr Nigel Chaffey,
} Dept Forest Genetics & Plant Physiology,
} Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,
} S-901 83 Ume=E5,
} Sweden
} Phone: +46-90-786-6305
} Fax: +46-90-786-5901
} eMail: nigel.chaffey-at-genfys.slu.se
} =20
} Looking for another job/position/post...
} =20
} =20
} =20





From: Kalman Rubinson :      rubinsnk-at-is2.nyu.edu
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 1997 10:12:10 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: Re[4]: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

On Mon, 8 Dec 1997, R-Brooks Corl wrote:

} PDC-2000 is a fine hand-held digital camera but does not have a way to
} adapt for the microscope. Amont other things there are internal
} optics that don't cooperate well with the microscope optics. It also
} could do some macro work with close-up lenses, but that is not
} optically the best imaging system.

OK. So, Polaroid removes the optics.

} DMC, while using the same Polaroid designed sensor chip as PDC-2000,
} otherwise is designed and built specifically for microscopy. Its
} C-mount thread (no optics) allows easy mounting on almost any
} microscope using standard C-mount adapters, and also can accept many
} "C-mount" threaded macro lenses for use on the copystand.

Adding a c-mount and a tripod socket is worth about $50. I fail to see
how the price of the DMC is justified. This seems to be another example
of how specialised users pay higher prices for less product. I know that
'economies of scale' do not apply to the technical market.

Kal





From: Brett Connolly :      brett_connolly-at-merck.com
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 1997 10:50:32 -0500
Subject: IEM-human skeletal muscle

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

10:47 AM 12/8/97

Can anyone supply me with a source of human skeletal muscle suitably
prepared for IEM? Or.. would anyone be able to loan blocks of LR White
embedded human skeletal muscle that I could cut sections from and return?

Brett M. Connolly, PhD
Merck Research Laboratoriess
email: brett_connolly-at-merck.com






From: Crossman, Harold :      crossman-at-OSI.SYLVANIA.com
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 1997 11:12:22 -0500
Subject: Quartz sample prep help

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Microscopists,

I have a customer who is looking for a technique to examine a few small
( {1 mm) bubbles in quartz via Raman or other IR technique. The
objective is to thin the quartz to within 1 micrometer of the bubble.
The sample size is a few centimeters but can be reduced if necessary.

Any help will be appreciated.

Thanks,


Harold J. Crossman
OSRAM SYLVANIA INC.
Lighting Research Center
71 Cherry Hill Dr.
Beverly, MA 01915
Phone: (508) 750-1717
E-mail: crossman-at-osi.sylvania.com

Our web sites: www.sylvania.com
www.siemens.com
--

"Crossman, Harold" {crossman-at-osi.SYLVANIA.com}





From: Dr. David C. Bell :      dcb-at-MIT.EDU
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 1997 11:09:32 -0500
Subject: Re: TEM of Diamond

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

At 02:37 PM 12/7/97 -0600, you wrote:

} Please could somebody help me.
}
} I am trying to make a TEM specimen of Diamond,
} I have a Gatan PIPS at my disposal, but to use it my Diamond wafer
} has to be less than 100 microns thick. At the it is 1mm thick.
} Any suggestions on how to thin the Diamond wafer?
} The Diamond is actually poly-crystaline CVD
}
} Thank you in advance
} Adam


Hi Adam,
Well, I have looked at some single crystal diamond, and
the results were great, this is how the sample was prepared;

The sample was sliced with a diamond saw as thinly as we could
get, and we tried to dimple it but that was really pointless,
we only got 30um reduction in thickness in seven days!

So we PIP's it from quite a thick sample, total time taken
was 3080 minutes!
Beam at 5KV rot speed 3.5 rpm Ion currents 25uA Gun angle 5'.

Your sample may not be quite as hard, so you many have less time
in the PIPS.
Also, I found that trying to punch a 3mm disk with a ultrasonic disk
cutter is also pointless, much better to mount on a disk then grind the
edges round. Be prepared to change the mounting ring several times
as the beam will destroy this quicker relative to the diamond.

I hope this helps,
btw. Tony Garratt-Reed says hello and sends his regards!

Cheers

David

Dr. David C. Bell
Room 13-1018 E-Mail: dcb-at-MIT.EDU
Center for Mat. Sci. and Eng. PH: (617) 253-3317
Massachusetts Institute of Technology FAX: (617) 258-6478
77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307




From: rwilliam-at-nb.utmem.edu (Rob Williams)
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 1997 11:29:50 -0600
Subject: LM Zeiss Axioplan mod for 160 mm objectives

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Microscopy Listserver members,

Have any of you placed 160 mm objectives to a Zeiss Axioplan or Axiophot
with good results? Carl Zeiss does sell an adapter that threads into many
160 mm objectives, but I would perfer to put a negative lens on a slider
below the tube lens. I estimate that a -360 mm lens placed about 40 mm
below the tube lens would do the trick. I would also welcome comments on
the Axioplan II and the merits of the new optics.

Rob
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------
Robert W. Williams
Center for Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology
875 Monroe Avenue, Memphis TN 38163 USA
Tel: 901/448-7018 or -7050 FAX: -7193 http://mickey.utmem.edu/neuron.html
rwilliam-at-nb.utmem.edu






From: Brett Connolly :      brett_connolly-at-merck.com
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 1997 12:24:33 -0500
Subject: IEM-human skeletal muscle

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

10:47 AM 12/8/97

Can anyone supply me with a source of human skeletal muscle suitably
prepared for IEM? Or.. would anyone be able to loan blocks of LR White
embedded human skeletal muscle that I could cut sections from and return?

Brett M. Connolly, PhD
Merck Research Laboratoriess
email: brett_connolly-at-merck.com






From: Swab, Phil :      pswab-at-art-inc.com
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 1997 14:05:29 -0500
Subject: RE: Cross-section TEM of Diamond

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Adam:

You might try ultramicrotomy to prepare cross-sections of
diamond for TEM analysis. I've had a great deal of experience and luck
cross-sectioning hard materials using the technique. You can review an
ultramicrotomy procedure for cross-sectioning diamond and cBN in
"Ultramicrotomy of Diamond Films for TEM Cross-section Analysis," P.
Swab, Microscopy Research and Technique, Wiley-Liss Inc., vol. 31, pp.
308-310 (1995) and other references found in the paper. The paper
describes the formation of "micro chips" that are preferentially
oriented, embedded in epoxy, and then cross-sectioned with a diamond
knife. These cross-sections may show mechanical artifacts, but are
uniformly thick and free of beam damage and chemical artifacts.

The concoidal micro chips generated in this procedure are very
thin at the edges and may be sufficiently thin for direct TEM
observation. If not, the microchips may be secured to a grid and
thinned using conventional ion beam techniques. Ion-thinned
cross-sections show a minimum of mechanical artifacts, but are not
uniformly thick and may show beam damage and associated chemical
artifacts.

For assistance with ultramicrotomy in the UK, contact John
Forsdyke at Oxford Brookes University (jforsdyk-at-bms.brookes.ac.uk).

Regards,

Phil Swab
Advanced Coatings Division
Advanced Refractory Technologies
Buffalo, NY, USA
Phone: 716-875-4091
E-mail: pswab-at-art-inc.com


} ----------
} From: Adam Papworth[SMTP:A.J.Papworth-at-LIVERPOOL.AC.UK]
} Sent: Sunday, December 07, 1997 3:37 PM
} To: microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com
} Subject: TEM of Diamond
}
} ----------------------------------------------------------------------
} --
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of
} America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to
} ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} ----------------------------------------------------------------------
} -.
}
} Please could somebody help me.
}
} I am trying to make a TEM specimen of Diamond,
} I have a Gatan PIPS at my disposal, but to use it my Diamond wafer
} has to be less than 100 microns thick. At the it is 1mm thick.
} Any suggestions on how to thin the Diamond wafer?
} The Diamond is actually polycrystalline CVD
}
} Thank you in advance
} Adam
} Dr Adam Papworth
} Dept Materials science & Engineering
} Ashton Building
} The University of Liverpool
} L69 3BX
}
} Phone No 0151 794 5372
} Fax No 0151 794 4675
} E-Mail adamp-at-liv.ac.uk
}
}




From: Larry Ackerman :      mishot-at-itsa.ucsf.edu
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 1997 11:49:33 -0800
Subject: IEM-human skeletal muscle

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

It is not appropriate to share human tissue. Each project should be
justified according to the local and national regulations. Most importantly
the people (or their survivors) who provided the tissue should be informed
and allowed to decline participation in the project. I hope that this
request does not represent the state of ethics at all commercial organizations!
Larry D. Ackerman (415) 476-8751
Howard Hughes Medical Institute FAX (415) 476-5774
UCSF, Box 0724, Rm U426
533 Parnassus Ave. mishot-at-itsa.ucsf.edu
San Francisco, CA 94143





From: Swab, Phil :      pswab-at-art-inc.com
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 1997 15:22:07 -0500
Subject: RE: Cross-section TEM of Diamond

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of
America
To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to
ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Please could somebody help me.

I am trying to make a TEM specimen of Diamond,
I have a Gatan PIPS at my disposal, but to use it my Diamond
wafer
has to be less than 100 microns thick. At the it is 1mm thick.
Any suggestions on how to thin the Diamond wafer?
The Diamond is actually poly-crystaline CVD

Thank you in advance
Adam
Dr Adam Papworth
Dept Materials science & Engineering
Ashton Building
The University of Liverpool
L69 3BX

Phone No 0151 794 5372
Fax No 0151 794 4675
E-Mail adamp-at-liv.ac.uk



Adam:

You might try ultramicrotomy to prepare cross-sections of
diamond for TEM analysis. I've had a great deal of experience and luck
cross-sectioning hard materials using the technique. You can review an
ultramicrotomy procedure for cross-sectioning diamond and cBN in
"Ultramicrotomy of Diamond Films for TEM Cross-section Analysis," P.
Swab, Microscopy Research and Technique, Wiley-Liss Inc., vol. 31, pp.
308-310 (1995) and other references found in the paper. The paper
describes the formation of "micro chips" that are preferentially
oriented, embedded in epoxy, and then cross-sectioned with a diamond
knife. These cross-sections may show mechanical artifacts, but are
uniformly thick and free of beam damage and chemical artifacts.

The concoidal micro chips generated in this procedure are very
thin at the edges and may be sufficiently thin for direct TEM
observation. If not, the microchips may be secured to a grid and
thinned using conventional ion beam techniques. Ion-thinned
cross-sections show a minimum of mechanical artifacts, but are not
uniformly thick and may show beam damage and associated chemical
artifacts.

For assistance with ultramicrotomy in the UK, contact John
Forsdyke at Oxford Brookes University (jforsdyk-at-bms.brookes.ac.uk).

Regards,

Phil Swab
Advanced Coatings Division
Advanced Refractory Technologies
Buffalo, NY, USA
Phone: 716-875-4091
E-mail: pswab-at-art-inc.com





From: rw9-at-psu.edu (Rosemary Walsh)
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 1997 17:48:42 -0500
Subject: Address for HITEK Cryogenic Eng.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi everyone,
Would anyone have the address / phone number
for HITEK Cryogenic Engineering ?The last address I
have is: 3190 Park Road
Bay Vista Business Park
Benicia, CA 94510

TIA
Rosemary

####################################################
Rosemary Walsh
Electron Microscope Facility for the Life Sciences
The Biotechnology Institute for Research and Education
1 South Frear Lab
University Park, PA 16802
814-865-0212 email:rw9-at-psu.edu
####################################################






From: CORLB-at-cliffy.polaroid.com (R-Brooks Corl)
Date: 12/8/97 10:12 AM
Subject: Re: Re[4]: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


I can only suggest that, if you are sincerely interested in a high quality
digital camera for your microscope, you evaluate the DMC first-hand and compare
it with similar products, most of which cost thousands of dollars more.
Compare, also, some of the lower-cost solutions and adapters available and
determine what image quality level you truly require. Then buy whatever meets
your needs at the lowest cost to you.

There is significant investment involved when developing a product specifically
for a specialized market, such as optical microscopy. Companies, Polaroid
included, need to recover their investment costs so that they can continue to
serve their customers.

If you'd like to discuss further, or if you'd like to arrange a product
demonstration locally, please get back to me directly.

I hope this helps you in your concerns and that we are able to be of service to
you. Thanks for your interest!

Brooks Corl
Senior Applications Manager
POLAROID CORPORATION
corlb-at-polaroid.com
Voice: (781) 386-8563
FAX: (781) 386-8588

______________________________ Reply Separator
_________________________________


On Mon, 8 Dec 1997, R-Brooks Corl wrote:

} PDC-2000 is a fine hand-held digital camera but does not have a
way to } adapt for the microscope. Amont other things there are
internal
} optics that don't cooperate well with the microscope optics. It
also } could do some macro work with close-up lenses, but that is
not
} optically the best imaging system.

OK. So, Polaroid removes the optics.

} DMC, while using the same Polaroid designed sensor chip as
PDC-2000, } otherwise is designed and built specifically for
microscopy. Its
} C-mount thread (no optics) allows easy mounting on almost any
} microscope using standard C-mount adapters, and also can accept
many } "C-mount" threaded macro lenses for use on the copystand.

Adding a c-mount and a tripod socket is worth about $50. I fail to see
how the price of the DMC is justified. This seems to be another example
of how specialised users pay higher prices for less product. I know that
'economies of scale' do not apply to the technical market.

Kal





From: smithde-at-valunet.com (Diane M. Smith)
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 08:10:49 -0600
Subject: Diamond Knife

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

X-Sender: zaluzec-at-microscopy.com
Message-Id: {v03007803b0b301d55bd4-at-[206.69.208.21]}
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

Can anyone tell me about how often a diamond knife needs to be sharpened? I
realize it would depend on the amount of wear it gets. Our EM dept. is only
open three days a week, with cutting being done about 2-4hrs a week. Our
knife was sharpened six months ago and seems to be getting dull again. Is
this to be expected?






From: Michael J. Lyon, Ph.D. :      lyonm-at-vax.cs.hscsyr.edu
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 08:18:04 -0600
Subject: NIH Image

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I know that there are MAC and PC versions of NIH Image but has anyone used
NIH Image on a Silicon graphics system? If so, would you please tell me
what is needed to set it up.

Thanks

Michael Lyon






From: airborne-at-cyber.net.pk (Fareed Shaikh)
Date: Tue, 09 Dec 1997 19:32:45 +0500
Subject: Information regarding membership

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Please infrom me about the details of your memberships.
Thanks Farid.
email: airborne-at-cyber.net.pk




From: Wolfgang Muss :      W.Muss-at-lkasbg.gv.at
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 16:03:23 +-100
Subject: AW: imaging and the thickness of the cover plate

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Salzburg, 12/9/97
Dear Brian,=20
unfortunately I do not know wether you got my reply to your posting on =
that=20
subject correctly by 11/02/97 as you can see as follows: =20

Salzburg, 11/02/97

----------
Von: azriel gorski[SMTP:azrielg-at-cc.huji.ac.il]
Gesendet: Sonntag, 02. November 1997 09:24
An: David S. Wexler, Ph.D.
Cc: Microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
Betreff: Re: cover slip thickness

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America=20

On Fri, 31 Oct 1997, David S. Wexler, Ph.D. wrote:

} =
------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of =
America=20
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to =
ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} =
-----------------------------------------------------------------------.
} =20
} Hi,
} =20
} I have a question about the importance of cover slip thickness. =
Namely,
} how important is it to use a cover slip thickness for which the
} objective
} is designed? For example, if I'm using a 40X, NA 1.3 oil immersion
} objective which has the number 0.17 on it (corrected for a 170 micron
} cover slip thickness), what would be the effect on image quality if I
} used a cover slip with, say, a 300 micron thickness?


} Brian Haab 11/02/97 wrote:
} U.C. Berkeley
} bhaab-at-zinc.cchem.berkeley.edu
} =20

} Good luck,

} Shalom from Jerusalem,
} Azriel=20

} ********************************************************
} Azriel Gorski, Head azrielg-at-cc.huji.ac.il
} Optical Microscopy Laboratory
} Division of Identification and Forensic Science
} Israel National Police
} Jerusalem
} ISRAEL

} It is important. You are using a precision optical instrument and
} the cover slip is an indespensible part of the optical correction. =
Since=20
} you are using an oil immersion objective at 40 X (with oil I hope) it
} appears you want as much defined and clear detail as posible. Using any
} lense above about 40 X you can see the difference between #1 cover =
slips
} (0.13 to 0.17mm thick), #1 1/2 coverslips (0.16 to 0.19mm thick), and =
#2=20
} cover slips (0.17 to 0.25mm thick). Now having said that, there is an
} assumption implicit in that. That is that the sample adhears directely =
to
} the underside of the coverslip. So don't "flood" with mounting medium.


W. MUSS writes:
The cover slip for "dry" objectives with a numeric aperture N.A. below
/up to 0.3/0.4 is said to be no problem in terms of optic geometry as
well as image quality. You can use "dry"objectives with an N.A. {=20
0.40 with or without a coverslip. For "dry" objectives with an N.A. of=20
=3D/} 0.4 the cover slip is part of the "optical correction" system of =
the=20
optical lenses. If you don=B4t use such cover slips, due to spherical=20
aberration you will get diminished contrast quality.
The higher the N.A of the objective will be, the smaller will be the
tolerances: for example:

Numerical Aperture (NA): effective thickness of cover slip:
0.40 0.17 +/- 0.09 mm
0.60 0.17 +/- 0.013 mm
0.75 0.17 +/- 0.004 mm

These theoretical values not necessarily don=B4t apply for the reality:
They are valid assuming tissue sections adhere closest to the lower=20
side of the coverslip. In practice between upper side of the tissue=20
section and the lower side of the cover slip there is a small layer of=20
mounting medium, the actual thickness you won=B4t know. So, in=20
practice you should/can use a minimum of mounting medium, and
cover slips measuring 0.15-0.16 mm. If using N.A.=B4s } 0.75 you =
won=B4t
be able to reach the goal "0.17" precisely. Therefore you can choose
dry objectives with a "correction collar" which allows you to adjust =
the
optical correction between 0.12 and 0.22 mm.

With "immersion objectives" it seems to be more critical:
For obtaining optimal resolution and contrast =3D optimal image quality
you should be aware of the quality of the immersion oil, of the=20
coverslip, of the mounting medium as well as of the temperature.
Immersion oil, and the coverslip then will be a PART of THE
OBJECTIVE itself. An immersion oil should have at 23 degr. C a=20
refractive index "n lower case e" of 1.518 (the dispersion, "Abbe=B4s
numeral" not considered here).
Coverslips for oilimmersion-objectives mostly are obligatory.=20
Deviation/variations of thickness of the coverslips here wouldn=B4t be
that critical than with the "dry objectives" (see above): compensating
for that will work the drop of immersion oil between the cover slip and
the objective lens.
An other point worth to be considered with respect to that would be
variation(s) in the refractive power. So, as a "theoretical"
consequence one should use cover slips with the same refractive
index of the mounting medium/immersion medium. Normally, you=20
won=B4t get the information about the refractive index of cover slips, =
or
do you??

But anyway, you will get optimal results only (especially if using an
objective with NA of 1.40) when using additionally an immersion-oil-
condensor lens (because oil immersion with its high NA needs a=20
corresponding illumination aperture: if you want to benefit from the =
full=20
performance of your optical system the illumination aperture =3D
condensor lens has to be brought up to the objective aperture =3D
objective lens. The immersion-condensor should have a similar big
aperture than the objective.)


-----------------------------------------------------------------------

} As an asside, I know one microscopist who measures his coverslips with =
a
} micrometer and only uses the ones which are actually 0.17mm.

W.MUSS writes:
You can buy also coverslips which are proved to be 0.17 +/- 0.01 mm
as well as other qualities which are the more expensive the less they
exhibit variation from 0.17 mm. But, as Brian proposes, I too know
LM-freaks measuring a package of "normal" coverslips one by one
with a micrometer.
This may be the cheapest way in being sure about 0.17 mm=20
thickness.

------------------------------------------------------=20
} Also, what is the definition of "working distance?" I understand it =
to
} be the distance between the top of the cover slip and the lens of the
} objective, but I want confirmation of this definition.

} You are basically correct.... to be a "sticler" it is the nearest part =
of
} the lense, not any optical center of it.

W.MUSS writes:
The higher the magnification number of an objective, the smaller the=20
"working distance" will be. Besides problems in positioning a high
power objective carefully over a section/cover slip and thereby without
damaging it (which wouldn=B4t be possible with modern objectives with=20
a "sliding/retractive" mechanism of the objective itself) you certainly =

will have or can get problems with an increased thickness of your
cover slip (see above): say, working distance of your } N.A. 1.40, 40x=20
Oil Immersion Objective { will be 0.2 mm (see info-sheet of your=20
microscope's or objective's instruction manual, you *can* use a=20
coverslip 0.3 mm thickness: but then you will not be able to "optically
reach" the tissue section for correct imaging. At least you will
decrease resolution and contrast capacity.
=09
Another suggestion: why not try a 40x or 50x objective with an N.A.
of 1.00?
This would be a compromise with respect to working distance as well
as not necessarily the "must" of using immersion illumination/
immersion of the condensor front lens to achieve resolution/contrast=20
conditions as provided and possible by the optical system you use.


Also: if you view semithin sections with your scope, you won=B4t use =
cover=20
slips at all: try viewing directly with a drop of immersion oil on your =

sections and the oil immersion objective. You will get marvellous
image quality (provided you have adjusted your optical system
according to KOEHLER=B4s instructions). Removal of the immersion oil
is just immersion of the object slide(s) into a coplin jar containing
xylene. After soaking a while you can wipe off (or blow off by use of
compressed air) very easily remnants of immersion oil.



Hope this explanation helps you with your work
best regards
"on a lazy sunday 2nd of november from SALZBURG- Mozart=B4s birthplace"

Wolfgang MUSS the same on Tue, 9th Dec. 1997
Department of Pathology, LKA
EM-Laboratory
Muellner Hauptstrasse 48
A-5020 SALZBURG
AUSTRIA/Europe

phone: ++43++ 662 + 4482 + 4720 Ext
fax: ++43++ 662 + 4482 + 882 Ext.
e-mail: W.Muss-at-lkasbg.gv.at (note: "l" right to "-at-" is a small "L")



----------
Von: bhaab-at-zinc.cchem.berkeley.edu[SMTP:bhaab-at-zinc.cchem.berkeley.edu]
Gesendet: Sonntag, 07. Dezember 1997 18:29
An: microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
Betreff: LM: imaging and the thickness of the cover plate

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America=20

Below is the result of your feedback form. It was submitted by
(bhaab-at-zinc.cchem.berkeley.edu) on Friday, October 31, 1997 at 14:12:11
-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
--

Email: bhaab-at-zinc.cchem.berkeley.edu
Name: Brian B. Haab

School: U.C. Berkeley

State: CA

Zip: 94720

Question: Hi,

My question has to do with imaging and the thickness of the cover plate =
used.
How important is it to use a cover plate thickness for which the =
objective
was specifically designed? For example, if I'm using an objective which
says 0.17 (presumably corrected for a 170 micron cover slip thickness),
would image quality be greatly distorted when using something, say, =
twice
as thick? Also, what is the definition of "working distance?"

Thank you very much,

Brian Haab




-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
--








From: Seth J. Grotelueschen :      sethg-at-CompuServe.COM
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 10:34:42 -0500
Subject: Re: Re[4]: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

The DMC and any other product of its kind are worth what people will pay
for it. It is the nature of the free market economy. You must consider=

the product development costs, which are substantial. Also, how many wil=
l
they sell? The market size is not huge.

The Polaroid DMC brought was introduced at about $6000. This is FAR less=

than any other quality digital microscope camera on the market. The only=

less expensive options come from something like the Pixera, which is not
realistic for anyone who wants to get true high quality images without
massive pixel enlargement. It seems odd to blast Polaroid for introducin=
g
a camera that was $5000 less than their nearest competitor when introduce=
d.
The good news is that prices always go down, and quality goes up.

Seth Grotelueschen (Not related to Polaroid)

MIS, Inc.





From: Kalman Rubinson :      rubinsnk-at-is2.nyu.edu
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 10:53:20 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: Re[4]: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

On Tue, 9 Dec 1997, Seth J. Grotelueschen wrote:

} The DMC and any other product of its kind are worth what people will pay
} for it.

Undeniable.

} The Polaroid DMC brought was introduced at about $6000. This is FAR less
} than any other quality digital microscope camera on the market. The only
} less expensive options come from something like the Pixera, which is not
} realistic for anyone who wants to get true high quality images without
} massive pixel enlargement. It seems odd to blast Polaroid for introducing
} a camera that was $5000 less than their nearest competitor when introduced.

That's not the thrust of my argument. Why is a camera with fewer
features/components so much more expensive than the more complex one? It
seems less of a market-driven issue than a marketing one, similar to the
observation that I can buy DuMont forceps from a jeweler's supplier for
half the cost as from a medical supplier.

} The good news is that prices always go down, and quality goes up. } }

I'll be retired by then.

Kal






From: Murphy, Judy :      murphy-at-sjdccd.cc.ca.us
Date: 9 Dec 1997 09:24:24 -0800
Subject: RE: Diamond Knife

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

"MSA" {microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com}
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP for Quarterdeck Mail; Version 4.0.0
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1"; Name="Message Body"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable



From: joenss-at-ccmailx.nissei.com (Steve Joens)
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 09:02:17 -0600
Subject: Unsubscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

It also depends on what is being cut as well as who is doing the cutting.
If it is plant material, 6 months is a LONG time. Animal tissue is =
softer but again some animal tissues have hard components which are hard =
on the knife edge.
The experience of the cutter obviously also comes into play. The less =
experience, usually the more resharpenings may be necessary. Are they =
also taking thicks on the same knife? If so, you might want to get a =
histo knife for thicks and perhaps your thin diamond would last longer.
Good Luck
Judy Murphy
San Joaquin Delta College
Microscopy Technology Center
Stockton, CA
__________________________________________________________________________=
_____

Can anyone tell me about how often a diamond knife needs to be sharpened? =
I
realize it would depend on the amount of wear it gets. Our EM dept. is =
only
open three days a week, with cutting being done about 2-4hrs a week. Our
knife was sharpened six months ago and seems to be getting dull again. Is
this to be expected?



------------------ RFC822 Header Follows ------------------
Received: by sjdccd.cc.ca.us with ADMIN;9 Dec 1997 08:58:05 -0800
Received: from Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (206.69.208.10) by =
ms.sjdccd.cc.ca.us
with SMTP (Eudora Internet Mail Server 1.2); Tue, 9 Dec 1997 08:57:56 =
-0800
Received: (from daemon-at-localhost) by Sparc5.Microscopy.Com =
(8.6.11/8.6.11) id HAA12949 for dist-Microscopy; Tue, 9 Dec 1997 07:56:36 =
-0600
Received: from [206.69.208.21] (mac21.zaluzec.com [206.69.208.21]) by =
Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (8.6.11/8.6.11) with ESMTP id HAA12946 for =
{microscopy-at-msa.microscopy.com} ; Tue, 9 Dec 1997 07:56:32 -0600
X-Sender: zaluzec-at-microscopy.com
Message-Id: {v03007803b0b301d55bd4-at-[206.69.208.21]}
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=3D"us-ascii"




Listserver,

Please Unsubscribe.

SJ





From: steve-at-pixera.com (Stephen Kohn)
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 10:19:05 -0000
Subject: Re: Digital Camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0066_01BD048B.E1606C80
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
boundary="----=_NextPart_001_0067_01BD048B.E1606C80"


------=_NextPart_001_0067_01BD048B.E1606C80
Content-Type: text/plain;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable



------=_NextPart_001_0067_01BD048B.E1606C80
Content-Type: text/html;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

{!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN"}
{HTML}
{HEAD}

{META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type}
{META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.2106.6"' name=3DGENERATOR}
{/HEAD}
{BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff}
{DIV}   {/DIV} {/BODY} {/HTML}

------=_NextPart_001_0067_01BD048B.E1606C80--

------=_NextPart_000_0066_01BD048B.E1606C80
Content-Type: application/msword;
name="Listserver Response - Digital Cameras.doc"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: attachment;
filename="Listserver Response - Digital Cameras.doc"
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------=_NextPart_000_0066_01BD048B.E1606C80--





From: DUNN TEM :      DUNNTEM-at-aol.com
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 13:42:22 EST
Subject: Light Microscope Wanted

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone have a used light microscope for sale. Don't need anything fancy
but require a mechanical stage.

Please reply to my E-mail address and not the List Server.

Thank you.


Ted Dunn




From: Stephen A. Shaffer :      sshaffer-at-microdataware.com
Date: Tue, 09 Dec 1997 11:06:10 -0800
Subject: Re: Test for Ink?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Stadden, David R wrote:

} Does anyone know of a quick test that would confirm pen ink (Flair, Bic,
} etc.) on paper? I have plenty of sample that consists of large, black,
} blue-fringed blotches on a flooring felt backing. There are no visible
} pigment particles up to about 400X, and the stain is moderately soluble in
} an ethanol/methanol blend.
}
} Thanks in advance.

David, you might find it helpful to submit this question to the forensic science list. To submit,
send the message to forens-l-at-ACC.FAU.EDU. To subscribe, send a message to MailServ-at-Acc.Fau.Edu with
the following in the body of the message:
Subscribe Forens-L Your Real Name.

This is just the kind of thing the forensic people do all the time.

--
**********************************************************
Stephen A. Shaffer sshaffer-at-microdataware.com
MicroDataware http:www.microdataware.com
(Under reconstruction and temporarily out of service)
Personal stuff: steve_shaffer-at-compuserve.com
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/steve_shaffer/
**********************************************************






From: Steve Barlow :      sbarlow-at-sunstroke.sdsu.edu
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 12:50:07 -0800
Subject: printers:dye sub supplies

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

does anyone have a good source for transfer roles and paper for a tektronix
Phaser 440 dye sub printer?

thanks

steve


---------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Steven Barlow, Associate Director
EM Facility/Biology Department
5500 Campanile Drive
San Diego CA 92182-4614
phone: (619)594-4523
fax: (619) 594-5676
email: sbarlow-at-sunstroke.sdsu.edu
website: http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/emfacility/






From: Wolfgang Muss :      W.Muss-at-lkasbg.gv.at
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 21:49:36 +-100
Subject: AW To Diane M. SMITH: Diamond Knife, 12/9/97

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Salzburg, 9th Dec. 1997, local time: 9.30 p.m.

Dear Diane,
have found your posting on an issue which only can be answered very
subjectively. For further elucidation one should know not only weekly/daily hours
of usage but, more interestingly:

- what company product ( e.g. DIATOME, DEKKER, MICROSTAR.........)
- which type of Diamond knife
(e.g. HISTO-Type for semithin sections, ULTRA-Type for ultrathin
sections.....)
- length of cutting edge
- proper working (cutting) as usually done (starting cutting from left to right edge)
- max. width of specimens you are cutting
- which kinds of tissues (with incrustations, artificial inclusions,...any to be
expected?)
- which type of, of which hardness resin(s) you use
- which person will perform cutting (I understand that this will be an experienced
person, familiar with cutting with diamond knife(-ives)
- cutting angle, knive free angle, cutting speed: is this done correctly as
implicated by the manufacturer's (guaranteed) data sheets on cutting
properties
- cleaning methods used (sometimes remnants of resin and other cutting debris
imparts cutting quality: have a careful look on your cutting edge at
least at mag. x 45, seen with back light)

If you can provide some more details according to this items, maybe there is a more objective answer.
Best regards
Wolfgang

Dr. Wolfgang MUSS
Department of Pathology, LKA
EM-Laboratory
Muellner Hauptstrasse 48
A-5020 SALZBURG
AUSTRIA/Europe

phone: ++43++ 662 + 4482 + 4720 Ext
fax: ++43++ 662 + 4482 + 882 Ext.
e-mail: W.Muss-at-lkasbg.gv.at (note: "l" right to "-at-" is a small "L")

DISCLAIMER:
No commercial interest in products/product lines, company/-ies, if such
names are mentioned or such are refered to.


----------
Von: Diane M. Smith[SMTP:smithde-at-valunet.com]
Gesendet: Dienstag, 09. Dezember 1997 15:10
An: microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
Betreff: Q: Diamond Knife-resharpening

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

Can anyone tell me about how often a diamond knife needs to be sharpened? I
realize it would depend on the amount of wear it gets. Our EM dept. is only
open three days a week, with cutting being done about 2-4hrs a week. Our
knife was sharpened six months ago and seems to be getting dull again. Is
this to be expected?








From: Kevin Brent Smith :      kbsmit01-at-homer.louisville.edu
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 15:56:30 -0500
Subject: Re: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

In my initial response to this thread, I extolled the virtues of the =
Kodak DC120 camera for photomicroscopy based on trials at our lab. =
Maybe I should have given the standard disclaimer that I have no =
affiliation with Kodak ... I definitely should have listed the other =
cameras I considered.=20
Unless anyone would like to include another product, the three similar =
choices mentioned in this thread are the Pixera, the Polaroid DMC, and =
the soon to be released Kodak MDS120 system (based on the DC120). =
Obviously, this list excludes more capable, more expensive cameras. The =
question of interest is how capable are these cameras and are they =
capable enough... beyond being just teaching and demonstration systems.
Seth Grotelueschen makes a good point about not blasting Polaroid for =
being the first to release a relatively low cost system that is =
comparable to much more expensive systems. Hopefully, we are at a point =
where prices for these systems continue to fall precipitously toward =
affordability... and hopefully before Kalman Rubinson gets a chance to =
retire : )

A quick comparison of the 3 systems follows with questions or comments =
related to capability:

1.) PRICE
Pixera $1200
Polaroid DMC $6000
Kodak MDS120 $2100
2.)CCD SIZE
Pixera 1/3"
Polaroid DMC 12.15mm(~1/2")
Kodak MDS120 1/2"
Question: Is the physical size of the CCD array important or is =
resolution more important to image quality?
3.) CCD RESOLUTION
Pixera - ~750k=09
Polaroid DMC ??? claimed to be "megapixel"
Kodak MDS120 836K
4.) IMAGE RESOLUTION
Pixera 1 meg =20
Polaroid DMC 1.9 meg (1600x1200)
Kodak MDS120 1.2 meg (1280x960)
All these systems use integration and averaging to increase final image =
resolution. Question: Does this type of claim based on integrated =
resolution overstate the capabilities of the camera? Are these claims =
analogous to "false magnification"? Is resolution in the =
photomicroscopy as important as other issues such as low light =
sensitivity and data integrity?
5.) DATA INTEGRITY
It is my understanding that all of these systems are capable of
transferring images uncompressed to PC or Mac or loss-less compression =
such as Tiff formats. As Dr. John Russ pointed out, many comsumer grade =
digitals store images using lossy compression algorithms.=20
6.) IMAGE TRANSFER TO PC- all systems are TWAIN compliant
Pixera - limited to speed of serial port =20
Polaroid DMC - faster SCSI transfer rate
Kodak MDS120 - limited to speed of serial port=20
7.) FLEXIBILITY OF CAMERA
Both the Polaroid and the Pixera are tethered to the PC and are =
generally dedicated to the microscope. They can be used with a c-mount =
video lens (sold separately) for other applications but must remain =
tethered to a computer.=20
The Kodak camera can be used as a stand alone digital camera away from =
the computer. No addition lenses are required.
8.) Strengths - all systems promise to be user friendly compared to a =
video camera/ frame grabber solution=20
Pixera - Most affordable =20
Polaroid DMC - Highest resolution and speed of transfer
Kodak MDS120 - Most Versatile, affordable, and good resolution

All the information above was taken from the respective spec. sheets for =
each system.=20

For my application, I am trying to capture images allowing me to =
optimize my probing protocols which will later be used on the confocal. =
So rather than looking for "analyzable" images I am more concerned with =
optimizing for analyzable images. That doesn't mean that these systems =
are not capable of this. Hopefully, someone will take the time to =
explain how/why these systems are/are not capable of generating =
"analyzable" images

Kevin Brent Smith=20
Graduate Student
University of Louisville Biology Dept.
Life Science Bldg. Rm.#12
Louisville, KY 40292
Phone: (502) 852-6773
Fax: (502) 852-0725
=20






From: yuhui xu :      Yuhui=Xu%RES%DFCI-at-EYE.DFCI.HARVARD.EDU
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 97 16:34:14 EST
Subject: Chemicals for Drying SEM Samples

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Colleagues:

I remember there have been reports since many years ago regarding to the
alternative chemical treatment in place of critical point drying using a
critical point dryer. Can any of you tell the name(s) of the chemicals and
the companies which sell them? Or your experience using such chemicals? Sorry
for not being able to look up a SEM book for myself.

Thanks!

Yuhui Xu
Core EM Facility
Dana Farber Cancer Institute




From: Eric Y. Wang :      eywang-at-engin.umich.edu
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 17:04:19 -0400
Subject: Looking for Gatan Ion Mill Parts

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We have just acquired an old Gatan Ion Mill and the Electronic Gas Flow
Control (EGC) valve is not working. I am just wondering if anyone happen
to have a spare EGC valve or a manual needle valve assembling to give away
or for sale.

Thanks a lot.

Eric Yu Wang
North Campus Electron Microbeam Analysis Laboratory
413 SRB, University of Michigan
2455 Hayward, Ann Arbor MI 48109-2143
Phone: (313) 936-3353 Fax: (313) 763-5567
eywang-at-engin.umich.edu
http://emalwww.engin.umich.edu/people/eywang/eywang.html






From: Dennis Collins :      Dennis_Collins-at-macmail2.lbl.gov
Date: 9 Dec 1997 14:45:36 -0700
Subject: reply> test for ink

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

Subject: Time:3:40 PM
OFFICE MEMO reply} test for ink Date:12/9/97

Reply to: RE} Test for Ink?
*************************
You wrote,
"Does anyone know of a quick test that would confirm pen ink (Flair, Bic,
etc.) on paper? I have plenty of sample that consists of large, black,
blue-fringed blotches on a flooring felt backing. There are no visible
pigment particles up to about 400X, and the stain is moderately soluble in
an ethanol/methanol blend. Thanks in advance.
Dave Stadden"
*************************
Dave,
One technique might be to use X-ray fluorescence (XRF), exciting the
specimens with secondary x rays. This could probably be done in a couple of
hours, and doesn't require a lot of specimen prep work.
XRF won't do the chemistry, but it could be very good for matching
elemental content of inks (at least for those elements in the ink heavier than
sodium) and their relative quantities, even in the presence of organic
components.
Using XRF, first look at a gross ink sample to determine elemental
content and relative concentrations to optimize the type of x-ray excitation.
Then collect an x-ray spectrum from the ink-on-paper specimen. Collect
another spectrum (same geometry, same excitation, same acquire live time, etc)
of paper only. Strip out (subtract) the paper spectrum from the ink-on-paper
to get an ink signature from paper. Save.
Repeat this process, subtracting the flooring felt backing "background")
for the ink spectrum from the ink on felt .
Compare the two spectra. If the Flair, Bic, ??, is the source of the
stain, you should see a pretty good match. It won't be exact since the
samples were taken from two quite different substrates. You might be able to
minimize the mismatch if you prepared a "standard", using known inks on
otherwise identical, unstained, felt backing.
Is this an on-going analysis problem or a one-time test? Do you have
access to an XRF system?
Dennis
DGCollins-at-lbl.gov






From: steve-at-pixera.com (Stephen Kohn)
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 14:52:50 -0000
Subject: Re: Re[4]: digital camera and Pixera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Message-ID: {003b01bd04b2$1f4a6160$ef26d1d0-at-steve.pixera}

I'm David Langlais, Vice President of Marketing for Pixera Corporation.
Since Pixera was introduced into this discussion and into discussions on
some USENET news groups lately, I feel that a response to the Mr.
Grotelueschen's remark is appropriate.

I'm posting from the email account of one of my employees. My email is
ddl-at-pixera.com and I'll be subscribing to the listserver today so anyone can
reach me with comments......

And so...

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

On Tuesday, 9 Dec 1997, Seth J. Grotelueschen wrote:

} The DMC and any other product of its kind are worth what people will pay
} for it. It is the nature of the free market economy. You must consider
} the product development costs, which are substantial. Also, how many will
} they sell? The market size is not huge.

} The Polaroid DMC brought was introduced at about $6000. This is FAR less
} than any other quality digital microscope camera on the market. The only
} less expensive options come from something like the Pixera, which is not
} realistic for anyone who wants to get true high quality images without
} massive pixel enlargement.

Mr. Gruteleuschen and others are certainly entitled to their opinions
regarding the quality of Pixera's cameras in microscopy. I just wish that
he and others would take the time to be technically accurate. He and they
are not. There is a common misconception and disbelief that Pixera can
really achieve 1260x960 pixels in our catpured images without some nefarious
trick or (gasp) 'massive pixel enlargement".

Mr. Gruteleuschen evaluated our Pixera Professional some months ago and
decided not to purchase. If he chose not to purchase due to the technical
reason he stated in this message, then he made his decision for the wrong re
asons.... Because he either doesn't understand how our camera system works
or he doesn't believe it. If the pictures he captured didn't satisfy his
requirements, I would have no problem with him saying so. But his remark is
technically erroneous and misleading.

Pixera's high resolution cameras - Professional and Personal, can capture
24-bit RGB color images in resolutions up to 1260x960 pixels using only a
250K CCD. Unless you understand our technology (some of which is
proprietary and trade secret) it is easy to disbelieve that this can really
be accomplished. After all, if it could be done, Kodak, Polaroid, Sony and
others would have done so, right? Wrong.

I'll add here that additional details about Pixera and its technology are
available in the January and September issues of Advanced Imaging Magazine
in articles written by Mr. Charles Reis...

The Pixera Professional (the camera we sell in microscopy) achieves 4x the
resolution of our CCD this way. The key to our high resolution technology
is three related pieces. 1.) Our camera head contains an electro-mechanical
light refractor (patented in the US and Japan) in front of the CCD. We use
this light refractor to shift the incident light from the subject onto the
pixel elements. This mechanism is extremely accurate down to the sub-micron
level. 2.) We use a proprietary (and patented) color filter pattern for our
CCD. It's custom made for Pixera to work with our light refractor. 3.) We
have proprietary software image processing software that works in
conjunction with the light refractor and CCD filter pattern to achieve the
image quality and resolution of our images. Pixera uses 100% software image
processing to generate its images, the only image processing done in the
camera is AGC and a little Gamma.

When taking a high-res picture (800x600 or above), our camera takes 4
exposures of the subject. This takes a little under a second. For each
exposure, our light refractor shifts the incident light in a particular
direction for a particular distance in order to get four separate and
distinct samples. We do not pixel double or enlarge. To understand this in
more depth, look up the patent. Mr. Yuji Ide, founder of Pixera is the
principal author. This process is analgous to shifting the CCD for each
exposure like some other high priced, high-resolution cameras do.

After each exposure, the raw analog pixel data from the CCD is sent to our
interface card where all we do is convert the analog raw pixel data into
digital raw pixel data. The raw digital pixel data is then sent into the
computer (Winows 95, NT, or Mac) for processing. We do not compress any of
the information for transfer into the computer. Another benefit of this
technique and technology is that we get two color samples for each pixel.
So our camera has the color information and reproduction of a 2-CCD camera.
So even though we do have to interpolate to get the 24-bits of color (as do
all single CCD cameras) we at least start with twice the information. Our
software image processing of course understands our color filter patter,
image shifting, etc., and processes the raw pixel information into a image
that is approx. 3.6 million pixels.

Our camera also functions as a "video" camera although no formatted video
signal is generated. We simply stream the raw pixels (without using the
light refractor) into the computer and build the motion frames on the fly.
The faster the computer, the faster the video...Today we are hardware
limited by our card architecture to 10 fps, next year we won't have this
limit.

This is it in a nutshell. We don't pixel double, we don't interpolate other
than for color and a little to adjust for aspect ratio, and we don't do
"massive pixel enlargement". If anyone wants or need additional information
I'd be glad to discuss it with you. If you still don't believe it, we have
a couple of thousand customers that did, and we'd like the opportunity to
turn you into a believer as well...

} It seems odd to blast Polaroid for introducing
} a camera that was $5000 less than their nearest competitor when introduced.
} The good news is that prices always go down, and quality goes up.


Gee, I guess then it's really odd to blast Pixera for introducing a camera
that is several thousands less than anyone (including Polaroid) simply
because you don't believe what the camera is doing and even worse because
you don't take the time to understand......

One place where I do agree with Mr. Gruteleuschen is - We at Pixera believe
that prices SHOULD always go down and quality go up. That's why we're
working hard on new cameras of 2 and 4 million pixels based on our
technology. And you can bet that they'll be priced and have quality that
some people, at least, will find hard to believe....


I'm not trying to make this personal at all. I'm just tired of "people of
science" on various news groups and listservers taking unwarranted and
inaccurate potshots at Pixera's products without really knowing the facts.

Best Regards To All,

David Langlais
Vice President, Marketing
Pixera Corporation
ddl-at-pixera.com
(408) 341-1800 x309





From: oshel-at-ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (Philip Oshel)
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 17:37:41 -0600
Subject: Chemicals for Drying SEM Samples

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I appolgize for my unwarranted swipe at commercial institutions. Dr.
Connolly has provided an appropriate response--see below. However, his
request did not state clearly the conditions and considerations for an
exchange of human tissue and since there is considerable controversy
regarding these issues amongst pathologists these days I believe this
community (Microscopy) should be careful with language as well as any
exchange of tissues.

______________________________________________________________

Yuhui,

I believe you're thinking of HMDS, hexamethyldisilizane. Most EM supply
houses sell it, I think. Procedures for use were covered in a note in the
May 97 issue of Microscopy Today, and Scott Whitaker (sp? correct me if I'm
wrong) as information on this on the U Florida web pages at:
http://www.biotech.ufl.edu/~emcl/tips.html

I've used it successfully. Email me with specifics about what you're up to,
and maybe I can give you some ideas.

Phil

} Dear Colleagues:
}
} I remember there have been reports since many years ago regarding to the
} alternative chemical treatment in place of critical point drying using a
} critical point dryer. Can any of you tell the name(s) of the chemicals and
} the companies which sell them? Or your experience using such chemicals? Sorry
} for not being able to look up a SEM book for myself.
}
} Thanks!
}
} Yuhui Xu
} Core EM Facility
} Dana Farber Cancer Institute
}

}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{

Philip Oshel
PO Box 5037
Station A
Champaign, IL 61825-5037
(217) 355-1143
oshel-at-ux1.cso.uiuc.edu
or poshel-at-hotmail.com
***** looking for a job *****







From: Jill Craig :      jcraig-at-unbc.ca
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 15:45:15 -0800 (PST)
Subject: structure of submerged wood

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Hi all,

If anyone is looking into this topic or knows of any relevant
references or SEM methods, I would greatly appreciate the
information. I have scoured our meager library and the current
contents database with virtually no luck. My kingdom for
access to the science citation index.

Thank you so much for any aid you can provide.


Jill Craig
University of Northern British Columbia




From: H.BRINKIES :      hbrinkies-at-lucy.cc.swin.edu.au
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 11:01:37 +0000
Subject: Cooling Water Problems

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello out there.

I am still using an old ETEC Autoscan (SEM, vintage 1973). It is
still working well after more than 12 000 hrs of usage and usually we
get the results that we want.

However, a calcium containing deposit has been forming
in the cooling water supply (in Cu tubes, in cooling coils around
diff.pump, in heat sinks, ect). The microscope was donated to us
several years ago but was not connected for the last 18 months
to the recirculating water system in our laboratory ( we are using
filtered tap water). The water flow has now been reduced drastically
over the last few weeks and I fear that the 'pipes' may eventually
totally block up.

What is the best (and safe) way to reduce or remove this deposit.
Back-flashing was only partially successful.

Any suggestion ?

Thank You

Hans Brinkies
SWINBURNE, University of Technology
School of Engineering and Science
Electron Microscopy Laboratory
HAWTHORN, 3122, Australia




From: Caroline Schooley :      schooley-at-mcn.org
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 16:49:57 -0800
Subject: Microscopy education

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Sorry folks; the Discovery channel has CHANGED the air times of Dennis
Kunkel's microscopy, described on the listserver yesterday. Here's the new
message:

} Dear Friends and Associates,
} Sorry for the incovenience but Discovery Channel has preempted
} Movie Magic for this week. It will air the following week (see below).
} Discovery Channel's documentary series, "Movie Magic", is airing a
} segment called "Far Out Creatures" that features special effects used in
} the making of science fiction films (Alien Resurrection and Starship
} Troopers). Part of the 1/2 hour segment will include a short interview
} with me and some of my "MicroAliens". I thought this might be of
} interest to you.
}
} The segment will run:
} December 18, 1997 9:30 - 10:00 PM - West Coast Time (PST)
} December 19, 1997 1:30 - 2:00 AM - West Coast Time (PST)
} December 20, 1997 2:00 - 2:30 PM - West Coast Time (PST)
}
} Please check your local listing for the time of Movie Magic on the
} Discovery Channel (or check their website schedule at
} www.discovery.com/diginets/discovery/discovery.html).
}
} Best Regards, Dennis Kunkel
}
} ***********************************************
} * Dennis Kunkel Ph.D. *
} * Pacific Biomedical Research Center *
} * University of Hawaii *
} * *
} * email - kunkel-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
} * www - http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/~kunkel/ *
} **********************************************

Caroline Schooley
Educational Outreach Coordinator
Microscopy Society of America
Box 117, 45301 Caspar Point Road
Caspar, CA 95420
Phone/FAX (707)964-9460
Project MICRO: http://www.MSA.microscopy.com/ProjectMICRO/Books.html
Intertidal invertebrates: http://www.fortbragg.k12.ca.us/AG/PCI/






From: Nestor J. Zaluzec :      zaluzec-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 19:26:16 -0600
Subject: Microscopy & Microanalysis '98 : Call for Papers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Colleagues...

I have just learned that there has been a delay in
the distribution of the

Call for Papers and Advanced Registration
for the
Microscopy & Microanalysis '98 Meeting
in Atlanta, Ga
July 12-16

due to a delay at the printers.

It is expected that they will be mailed during the
week of Dec. 15th.

In order to avoid having to reply to repeated
questions which have started to flow in my direction
I have taken the liberty of posting this Email message
to both the MSA Membership as well as the
Microscopy Listserver Databases.

As additional information becomes available I will
make sure that the M&M'98 WWW pages are updated.
These WWW pages are directly accessible from the URL

http://www.msa.microscopy.com

Regards......

Nestor
Your Friendly Neighborhood SysOp.







From: Kalman Rubinson :      rubinsnk-at-is2.nyu.edu
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 21:21:40 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: Digital Camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

On Tue, 9 Dec 1997, Stephen Kohn wrote:


[NON-Text Body part not included]

Can't read this.

Kal






From: csedax-at-alpha.arcride.edu.ar
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 23:22:51 -0628
Subject: SEM: sample preparation of biofilms

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi everyone,

I would like to hear comments or suggestions about sample preparation of biofilms builded up by methanogenic and acidogenic facultative anaerobic bacteria deposited on sand grains for SEM. So far, we have done fixation using glut
araldehide and further dehydration with alcohol.

Does anyone have any experience in sampling sand grains from a bioreactor in order to preserve the biofilm for SEM observations?

Thanks in advance,

Nora Pratta
Centro Regional de Investigacion y Desarrollo
Santa Fe - Argentina




From: csedax-at-alpha.arcride.edu.ar
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 09:31:55 -2359
Subject: SEM: sample preparation of biofilms

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Hi everyone,
I would like to hear comments or suggestions about sample preparation
of biofilms builded up by methanogenic and acidogenic facultative anaerobic
bacteria deposited on sand grains for SEM. So far, we have done fixation
using glutaraldehide and further dehydration with alcohol.
Does anyone have any experience in sampling sand grains from a
bioreactor in order to preserve the biofilm for SEM observations?
Thanks in advance,
Nora Pratta
Centro Regional de Investigacion y Desarrollo
Santa Fe - Argentina





From: Robert J. Palmer Jr. :      rjpalmer-at-utkux.utcc.utk.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 08:14:31 +1000
Subject: Re: SEM: sample preparation of biofilms

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

You might want to repost this to the biofilms listserver:
biofilms-at-net.bio.net. "Conventional" EM (TEM, SEM) has limited utility in
study of most bacterial biofilms because they suffer much artifact
introduction (spatial distortion) in the drying process. I would
encourage you to supplement your SEM studies with ESEM (environmental
scanning electron microscopy; what I call "hydrated" SEM), laser confocal
microscopy, or cryosectioning light microscopy. I can help you with
confocal and can refer you to people who can assist with the rest.
Rob Palmer
Director - Biofilm Imaging Facility
CEB/UT

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America







From: Sara Prins :      SPrins-at-csir.co.za
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 15:44:42 +0200
Subject: ion milling

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi All

We need to buy a new ion mill for our lab. Any suggestions, warnings,
tips would be appreciated.

Thanx in advance

Sara Prins
Surface and Structure Analytical Services
Division for Materials Science and Technology
CSIR
Pretoria, South Africa

Tel: +27128413974
Fax +27128414395





From: Warren Straszheim :      wesaia-at-iastate.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 08:38:19 -0600
Subject: re: Stephen Kohn's Pixera message

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is the text of Stephen Kohn's message. It was attached as a Word
document which makes it a little harder to open.

I wonder if it would be worthwhile to provide some guidance or reminders to
the list members as to what makes for good message practice. In addition to
these attachments, I have been seeing a number of messages packed with HTML
coming across. Most of those appear to come from the Microsoft Outlook mail
program. I would rather we stick to plain text so that the most can read the
message with the least difficulty.

Nestor, any comments?

--------------------------
} Attachment Converted: C:\TEMP\Listserv.doc

Regarding the comments made during the past week about the use of
inexpensive high-resolution digital cameras for microscopy purposes, please
note the following update information about The Pixera "Professional" camera
which clarifies any possible misunderstandings about the product that
subscribers may have:

Pixera's most recent software upgrade - Version 1.2, contains a 10 frame
per second "fast viewfinder" window. This is equivalent to the speed of what
many digital camera video conferencing systems run at.

TWAIN compatibility has been improved - Pixera recently tested more than 10
programs from image analysis vendors/providers and found the Pixera
Professional camera to be TWAIN compliant with all of them. Feel free to
contact me If you'd like a copy of the list.

RGB Color mix in pre-image capture mode now allows for viewing a color
balanced image which is equivalent to the final image captured.

With reference to other comments made, the variable lens Pixera Professional
"can ship" an uncompressed 3.7 megabyte image to the computer for viewing
and or image analysis purposes.

"While I have a vested interest in Pixera as an employee, the purpose of
this reply as stated above is to clarify details regarding the system's
capability and is presented as a non-commercial message for informational
purposes only.





From: DShipman-at-IVSinc.com
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 08:34:45 -0500
Subject: Remove from mailing-list - RE: Notification: Inbound Mail Failure

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Mike Saulnier is no longer with IVS. Please remove this address from
your mailing-list:

msaulnier-at-ivsinc.com

Thanks,
Dave Shipman
Network Administration

} ----------
} From: Dave Shipman
} Sent: Wednesday, December 10, 1997 5:51 AM
} To: Dave Shipman
} Subject: Notification: Inbound Mail Failure
}
} The following recipients did not receive the attached mail. Reasons
} are listed with each recipient:
}
} {msaulnier-at-ivsinc.com} msaulnier-at-ivsinc.com
} MSEXCH:IMS:IVS, Inc.:SW_DOMAIN:WINNT_1 0 (000C05A6) Unknown
} Recipient
}
} The message that caused this notification was:
}
} { {Message: Microscopy & Microanalysis '9...} }
}




From: samuelsson.sj-at-pg.com
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 9:17:00 -0500
Subject: LM - Digital Camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Can anyone tell me which commercial digital cameras use the RS-170 communication
bus for B&W imaging and which use the CCIR bus for color?

TIA

Steve Samuelsson, Ph.D.
Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
PO Box 8006
Mason, OH. 45040-8006
(513) 622-1753 office
(513) 622-1752 lab
(513) 622-1196 fax
samuelsson.sj-at-pg.com




From: SOBOCIG :      sobocig-at-aa.wl.com
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 10:07:19 -0500 (EST)
Subject: EM Filament assembly cleaning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

In short, I would like to inquire as to the methods and chemicals that people
are using for cleaning their filament assemblys on their electron microscopes.
Especially the final step.

When changing our filament for our TEMs, we have in the past cleaned any
tarnish or deposits from the filament assembly pieces using a mild polish, then
sonicated the parts in a detergergent solution, followed by water rinses,
sonication in a few rinses of ETOH, then finally sonication in a freon-based
ultra-precision cleaning solution. (The used freon solution is dumped into its
own waste bottle.)

We are considering changing this process (especially in consideration of the
availability and disposal of the freon solution) and are wondering what other
labs use for cleaning their filament assemblys thoroughly. We are especially
interested in the final cleaning step (removing any leftover residues).

Thank you for your input. Don't be afraid to be brief.

Gregg Sobocinski
Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research
Ann Arbor, Michigan
USA
Sobocig-at-aa.wl.com






From: Matthew Libera :      mlibera-at-stevens-tech.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 10:45:56 +0000
Subject: Re: scanning microscopy - Johari

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

A related question is: Does anyone know if the proceedings of the 15th
Pfefferkorn conference held in May 1996 are ever going to published by
Johari et al.

Matt Libera
Stevens Institute of Technology



henk-at-vt8200.vetmed.lsu.edu wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of
} America To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to
} ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Hello All,
} Does anyone know what has happened to Dr. Om Johari and the journal
} Scanning Microscopy. I have been unable to contact him via e-mail,
} phone,
} or fax and have not been able to find reference to the journal in over
} two
} years. Have he and the journal "retired"?
}
} Bill Henk
} Dept. of Anatomy & Cell Biology
} LSU School of Veterinary Medicine
} Baton Rouge, LA 70803
} phone -(504)346-3237
} e-mail - henk-at-vt8200.vetmed.lsu.edu




From: Tamara Howard :      howard-at-cshl.org
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 10:51:05 -0500 (EST)
Subject: HF cleanup

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Anyone using HF:
Where do you buy your acid neutralizing chemicals? We've purchased
the whole HF safety kit in the past, but somehow the chemicals never come
out right - I currently have 2 bottles of the HF inactivator (#2) and part
of a bottle of the acid neutralizer (#4). The neutralizer is just sodium
carbonate (right?) - any reason why I shouldn't just use that from any
source? I've spoken with chemistry types from several vendors and nobody
is sure. And to buy just the Mallinckrodt stuff packaged for the safety
kit is insane - they can't sell the regular jar; I'd have to buy a tub of
it. So, I'm hoping someone out there has a wonderful answer - I'm afraid
to assume anything with handling this particular chemical.

TIA!

Tamara Howard
CSHL






From: Swab, Phil :      pswab-at-art-inc.com
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 11:18:24 -0500
Subject: RE: Diamond Knife

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


I'm sure that everyone will tell you that the lifetime of your
diamond knife depends on what you cut, who uses it, and how you take
care of the knife - it's all true. The lifetime of a knife can be
measured in minutes or years - it's up to you. For best results, treat
your diamond knife as you would your toothbrush, don't share it with
anyone. In truth, a knife needs to be sharpened when the sections it
cuts no longer meet your needs. I map the use of my knife edge and
systematically work my way across the knife as it degrades with use.
For particularly tough samples I may use a previously degraded region of
the knife for the initial cuts. With regard to cleaning, minimize
cleaning and never allow sections to dry on the knife.

My first diamond knife was a 4 mm knife that lasted 8 years,
cutting 4 to 8 hours a week on glass, metals, semiconductors, and
dielectrics. So much for predicting lifetimes. Typically there was
only myself and a trained tech using the knife. My blocks are made with
Spurrs, the blockfaces are prepared on the microtome using a glass
knife, and are only 50 to 100 um across. I am meticulous about the
preparation of the blockface, the orientation of the sample in the
blockface, and strictly minimize the size of the embedded sample that
the diamond knife cuts.

Phil Swab
Advanced Coatings Division
Advanced Refractory Technologies Inc.
Buffalo, NY

} ----------
} From: smithde-at-valunet.com[SMTP:smithde-at-valunet.com]
} Sent: Tuesday, December 09, 1997 9:10 AM
} To: microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com
} Subject: Diamond Knife
}
} ----------------------------------------------------------------------
} --
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of
} America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to
} ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} ----------------------------------------------------------------------
} -.
}
} Can anyone tell me about how often a diamond knife needs to be
} sharpened? I
} realize it would depend on the amount of wear it gets. Our EM dept. is
} only
} open three days a week, with cutting being done about 2-4hrs a week.
} Our
} knife was sharpened six months ago and seems to be getting dull again.
} Is
} this to be expected?
}
}




From: kszaruba-at-MMM.COM
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 11:04:25 -0600
Subject: Re: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I am also beginning to evaluate hand-held digital cameras for an
upcoming
image analysis project. The recent discussion has been very helpful for
me - thank you to everyone for posting to the general list.

One product I haven't seen mentioned is the Minolta RD-175. Does anyone
have experience with this camera, or know how it fits into the spectrum?
Does it use the JPEG compression that Dr. John Russ spoke about? Does
it
provide good color representation? I should mention that I want a
camera
that is not "tethered to the computer".

Thanks again for your help,

Karen

--
Karen Zaruba
kszaruba-at-mmm.com
3M Company, St. Paul, MN 55144
"Opinions above are my own, not necessarily my employer's"




From: shAf :      mshaf-at-darkwing.uoregon.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 08:43:29 -0800
Subject: Re: HF cleanup

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Tamara Howard wrote:

} ... Anyone using HF:
} Where do you buy your acid neutralizing chemicals? We've purchased
} the whole HF safety kit in the past, but somehow the chemicals never come
} out right - I currently have 2 bottles of the HF inactivator (#2) and part
} of a bottle of the acid neutralizer (#4). The neutralizer is just sodium
} carbonate (right?) - ...

I might suggest only that the neutralizer be Ca carbonate which would
allow production of the inert by-product CaF.

cheerios, shAf
--
{\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} cogito, ergo zZOooOM {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/}
Michael Shaffer, R.A. - University of Oregon Electron Probe Facility
mshaf-at-oregon.uoregon.edu -or- mshaf-at-darkwing.uoregon.edu
http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~mshaf/






From: Wojtek Przybylowicz :      przybylo-at-srvnac3.nac.ac.za
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 17:32:36 +0000
Subject: Pyrope standard

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Rick,

ASTIMEX has a set of 53 minerals - standards for microanalysis, in a
typical mount of 1 inch diameter.
This includes two garnets - pyrope Mg3Al2Si3O12 and almandine
Fe3Al2Si3O12.

The address:

ASTIMEX Scientific Ltd.
351 Wellesley Str. East
Toronto Canada M4X 1H2
fax: (416) 961-2402
e-mail: jcr-at-quartz.geology.utoronto.ca
(Prof. J.C. Rucklidge)


Best regards,

Wojtek
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Dr Wojciech J. Przybylowicz
National Accelerator Centre
PO Box 72
Faure 7131 South Africa
E-mail: PRZYBYLOWICZ-at-nac.ac.za
Fax: +27-21-8433543
Phone: +27-21-8433820
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx




From: Jacques Weterings :      jaw-at-eo.ie.philips.nl
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 18:06:34 GMT+0100
Subject: publication of positions on the MSA,s listserver

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear sir,

Please can you give me the necessary information/instructions how to
realize publication of positions of Philips Electron Optics on the
MSA's Listserver.

I am Jacques Weterings personnel manager of Philips Electron Optics
in Eindhoven the Netherlands.

Thank you very much for your co-operation.

Kind regards,

Jacques Weterings




From: Sally Shrom :      sally-at-retina.anatomy.upenn.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 12:20:58 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: Diamond Knife

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Diane,

What are you cutting? Steel? My diamond knives are sharp after 10 years of
daily use. We are cutting neural tissue embedded in epon(very soft) We
have never resharpened them.

Perhaps your knife was not sharpened well. Or perhaps your knife was
beyond repair in the first place.

Sally

On Tue, 9 Dec 1997, Diane M. Smith wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Can anyone tell me about how often a diamond knife needs to be sharpened? I
} realize it would depend on the amount of wear it gets. Our EM dept. is only
} open three days a week, with cutting being done about 2-4hrs a week. Our
} knife was sharpened six months ago and seems to be getting dull again. Is
} this to be expected?
}
}
}





From: Energy Beam Sciences, Inc. :      ebs-at-ebsciences.com
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 12:46:50 -0500
Subject: Immuno-Microscopy listserver

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear fellow microscopists,

At 08:55 AM 12/10/97 +0100, Heinz Fehrenbach wrote:
} can anyone of this newsgroup give me information about and subscription
} procedure to any related newsgroup ? In particular, I would appreciate
} to hear whether there is a special newsgroup discussing immuno-histology,
} -fluorescence, -blotting, and pathology subjects.

There is an immunohistochemistry list, called ipox-l

To subscribe, send a message to majordomo-at-pathology.stanford.edu and write
subscribe ipox-l in the body of the message. I believe that there is also a
pathology list, and instructions for this are available at "The Histotech's
Home Page" (http://www.histology.to)

Best regards,
Steven E. Slap
********************************
Energy Beam Sciences, Inc.
Adding Brilliance To Your Vision
ebs-at-ebsciences.com
http://www.ebsciences.com/
********************************





From: KIM BRACKETT :      BRACKETT.KIM-at-EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 13:19:13 -0500
Subject: Om Johari's retirement

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Om Johari sent out an announcement either late las year, or earlier this
year, that he was retiring. He also said that he hadn't found anyone
who was willing to take over the job of editing the Scanning Microscopy
journal or organizing the annual meeting. I don't have a current email or
regular mail address to reach him. It's probably not likely that anything
not currently in press will be published by him.




From: Larry Allard :      allardlfjr-at-ornl.gov
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 13:22:58 -0500
Subject: Re: EM Filament assembly cleaning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Gregg:

Call Prof. Wil Bigelow in Ann Arbor, 764-3321. I would be surprised if he
did not recommend a final rinse/sonication in isopropanol, if freon is a
no-no for you. He will certainly have some suggestions for the overall
cleaning process also.

Larry




} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America


Dr. Lawrence F. Allard
Senior Research Staff Member
High Temperature Materials Laboratory
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
1 Bethel Valley Road
Bldg. 4515, MS 6064
PO Box 2008
Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6064

423-574-4981
423-574-4913 Fax
l2a-at-ornl.gov






From: Kalman Rubinson :      rubinsnk-at-is2.nyu.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 14:09:38 -0500 (EST)
Subject: re: Stephen Kohn's Pixera message

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

On Wed, 10 Dec 1997, Warren Straszheim wrote:

} I wonder if it would be worthwhile to provide some guidance or reminders to
} the list members as to what makes for good message practice. In addition to
} these attachments, I have been seeing a number of messages packed with HTML
} coming across. Most of those appear to come from the Microsoft Outlook mail
} program. I would rather we stick to plain text so that the most can read the
} message with the least difficulty.

I agree. While I have the capability of downloading and viewing such
messages, the bother is such that I will not do so. Let's keep to plain
text.

Kal





From: Yury Shipilov :      yury-at-yury.ame.arizona.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 12:48:39 -0700
Subject: PC image

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Colleagues...
we have old Hitachi S-650 SEM with KEVEX ANALYST 8000 microanalyser with
old architecture ( on LST-11 minicomputer). Can anyone give a advice
about cheap and easy ways to change this system on modern system on PC
platform? What we need to this?
Thanks,
Yury Shipilov
AME Department
UofA




From: William F. Jackson :      william.jackson-at-wmich.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 15:26:20 -0400
Subject: Inverted Scopes

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I'm in the market for a new inverted microscope that will form the basis
of a Fura 2, Ca++ imaging/photometry system. I am considering either a
Leica DMIRB or a Nikon TE200/300. Has anyone compared these microscopes
and their long working distance Fluor objectives (20, 40 and 63 or
60X)? Any help would be appreciated.

--

William F. Jackson, Ph.D.
Professor
Department of Biological Sciences
5380 McCracken Hall
Western Michigan University
Kalamazoo, MI 49008

Phone: (616) 387-5631
FAX: (616) 387-2849
e-mail: william.jackson-at-wmich.edu




From: Garry Burgess :      GBurgess-at-exchange.hsc.mb.ca
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 15:40:08 -0600
Subject: RE: Diamond Knife

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I have used a diamond knife without any need for resharpening for about
9 years, only cutting plant material. Although I did not cut with it
every day, I was the full time technologist in this lab doing most of
the ultrathin sections for a variety of researchers. I NEVER cut any
thick sections with that knife, and I was careful to always have very
small block faces and handle my knife very carefully. If I ever had any
sections stick and dry on the knife edge, I would wipe them off with
alcohol soaked balsa wood. (first I soaked that balsa in acetone for
several weeks to remove all the resin in the wood) Although nobody
really recommends wiping the knife edge with anything, I find that it is
essential to really have a clean edge. I wipe it under the microscope,
and keep wiping until I can see that it is truly clean, but of course
I'm careful to avoid using much pressure, or any force perpendicular to
the knife edge. BEING GENTLE is the key. If one isn't careful, a lot
of garbage can dry on the back of the knife edge without you knowing
that it is there. That is why I inspect it carefully under a dissecting
microscope, looking especially at the back of the knife edge. This
garbage can make you think that your knife needs resharpening, when in
fact it is only dirty. In order to loosen up any dirt on the knife
edge, I soak it overnight or over the weekend in alcohol. This will not
harm the knife, in fact I know a researcher who STORES his diamond knife
under alcohol. Of course acetone will ruin it almost instantly, so
DON'T EVER MAKE THAT MISTAKE, because the acetone will quite readily
dissolve the glue that holds the diamond in place. But the alcohol is
perfectly fine.

In a human pathology lab now, I notice that our knives get sharpened
more frequently, perhaps after 1 or 2 years, depending on the size of
the knife. We cut sections absolutely every day, and very big sections,
where a single section might cover a significant portion of the grid.
That way the pathologists don't need to waste a lot of time scanning
around looking for the section!!

Hope this helps,
Garry

} ----------
} From: Murphy, Judy[SMTP:murphy-at-sjdccd.cc.ca.us]
} Sent: 9 December, 1997 11:24
} To: Diane M. Smith; MSA
} Subject: RE: Diamond Knife
}
} It also depends on what is being cut as well as who is doing the cutting.
} If it is plant material, 6 months is a LONG time. Animal tissue is softer
} but again some animal tissues have hard components which are hard on the
} knife edge.
} The experience of the cutter obviously also comes into play. The less
} experience, usually the more resharpenings may be necessary. Are they also
} taking thicks on the same knife?




From: shAf
Date: Wednesday, December 10, 1997 9:43AM
Subject: Re: HF cleanup

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

It is also wise to have some Calcium Gluconate 2.5% gel handy to apply
liberally to the affected area and cover loosely with gauze wrap. It is
available by prescription only I believe.

Honey Nut Cheerios
Harry
----------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
.

Tamara Howard wrote:

} ... Anyone using HF:
} Where do you buy your acid neutralizing chemicals? We've purchased
} the whole HF safety kit in the past, but somehow the chemicals never come
} out right - I currently have 2 bottles of the HF inactivator (#2) and part
} of a bottle of the acid neutralizer (#4). The neutralizer is just sodium
} carbonate (right?) - ...

I might suggest only that the neutralizer be Ca carbonate which
would
allow production of the inert by-product CaF.

cheerios, shAf
--
{\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} cogito, ergo zZOooOM {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/}
Michael Shaffer, R.A. - University of Oregon Electron Probe Facility
mshaf-at-oregon.uoregon.edu -or- mshaf-at-darkwing.uoregon.edu
http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~mshaf/






From: Kevin Brent Smith :      kbsmit01-at-homer.louisville.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 17:04:19 -0500
Subject: Re: digital camera - corrections

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I would like to sincerely apologize to The Pixera Corp. for the =
misinformation in my post to the listserv. My intention was not to =
disinform. I am not an expert ... just a curious student trying to =
learn a little by generating discussion with the previously posted =
comparison.

IMAGE RESOLUTION=20
Pixera Their web site states:=20
Resolution in still mode 1.2 meg (1260x960)
Image size - 1.3 meg(1280x1024) =20
Polaroid DMC 1.9 meg (1600x1200)
Kodak MDS120 1.2 meg (1280x960)

A number of private messages send to me expressed a concern with the =
image resolution claims these systems make given the effective =
resolutions of the CCDs used.=20

IMAGE TRANSFER
I mistakenly stated that Pixera's transfer rate is limited to the =
serial port rate. The truth is they have a PCI or PMCIA connection. In =
general, is slower image capture is a limitation of these sytems? I am =
currently trying to reach tech service for each company to learn more =
about how the images are transfered and what the realistic transfer =
rates are (basically how long does it take to capture 2 images =
consecutively).

Kevin Brent Smith
Graduate Student
University of Louisville Biology Dept.
Life Science Bldg. Rm.#12
Louisville, KY 40292
Phone: (502) 852-6773
Fax: (502) 852-0725






From: edelmare-at-casmail.muohio.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 17:16:29 -0500
Subject: Melanin localazation?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anybody out there

Looking to identify MELANIN in fungal walls. There are no
antibodies for it (Its not a protein- I don't think), and I can't
find any lectins for it. It is diagnostic in urine samples, and
skin, hair etc.

o.k., surely someone somewhere - one of those great old Histologist
/ microscopists has some eye-of-newt & pinch of bat-wing technique
for staining it - possitively would be even better - but we have
non-melanized mutants whcih can be used as a control (putatively we
can turn melanization On/Off and this is what we are trying to
verify, eh?).

Any hints or techniques would be greatly appreciated. Applicable
microscopies include SEM (SEI & BEI), TEM, LM, Confocal, and
fluorescence. Rather NOT attempt any autoradiography techniques
though.

Thank you in advanced for any help!



Richard E. Edelmann, Ph.D.
Electron Microscopy Facility Supervisor
352 Pearson Hall
Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056
Ph: 513.529.5712 Fax: 513.529.4243
E-mail: edelmare-at-muohio.edu


"640K ought to be enough for anybody."
-- Bill Gates, 1981




From: Tamara Howard :      howard-at-cshl.org
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 17:17:28 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: HF cleanup

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Harry -
Thanks for pointing this out! Our safety department gets us a
fresh tube every year; it is kept in a special pouch on the wall next to
the hood where we use and store the HF. We also have an "Instructions for
physicians" handout with the gluconate, it deals with treatment following
HF exposure.


On Wed, 10 Dec 1997, Ekstrom, Harry wrote:

} It is also wise to have some Calcium Gluconate 2.5% gel handy to apply
} liberally to the affected area and cover loosely with gauze wrap. It is
} available by prescription only I believe.
}
} Honey Nut Cheerios
} Harry
} ----------





From: L.D.Marks :      ldm2-at-apollo.numis.nwu.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 16:31:53 -0600 (CST )
Subject: Teflon Tweezers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We are looking for some Teflon tweezers, to
dip a TEM sample in HF. Anyone know of a source?

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Laurence Marks
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Northwestern University
Evanston, IL 60208-3108
tel: (847) 491-3996
fax: (847) 491-7820
email: l-marks-at-nwu.edu
http: //www.numis.nwu.edu
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++





From: RAHBARI, RAMIN :      RAHBARR-at-wolf.research.aa.wl.com
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 16:37:46 -0600
Subject: Confocal, IHC

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello:

I am seeking the advice of any member who wishes to make this a truly
joyful season.

I am working with some skin samples, (human, mouse, rat) that are
between 100=B5m to 150=B5m thick. They have been labeled with various 1=B0s
and three 2=B0s. The labeling is specific and strong. The problem is the
clarification of the tissue and the proper mounting in a suitable
fashion for confocal. Most of the problems stem from the fact the
tissue is so thick; and before you ask, yes it has to be that thick. I
am looking for the relationship between matrix, nerve and blood
structures. I have performed the 3D analysis successfully on smaller,
40=B5m sections, but clearing the tissue becomes important in the thicker
sections for proper imaging.

I have tried dehydration w/ EtOH 70%-100% and Methyl salicylate, but the
crystals left behind by the Me-S and washing them displaced the tissue.

I have tried 70-30 v/v glycerol but only moderately improved my image.

Please help

Ramin Rahbari
313-998-3383






From: Melvyn Dickson :      M.Dickson-at-unsw.edu.au
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 08:35:56 +1100
Subject: Re: EM Filament assembly cleaning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I dislike using anything which might leave an organic residue. That
includes old favourite cleaners like "Brasso" and "Wenol". AND even the
organic solvents which YOU HOPE remove that greasy residue can leave their
own residues. Steve Chapman (whom God preserve) advises that "Wenol plus
K" in particular leaves behind an organic film intended to retard oxidation.

So my preference is for an aqueous polish which rinses off with copious
volumes of our glass distilled water.

Microgrit alumina (say grade 1600) on a damp cotton bud is fine. Or you
can buy polishing alumina ready made up (you may have it already) from say
Buehler.

But my preference is for diamond paste on a cotton bud. ProScitech sold me
our existing tube which was 5g. Its 0.25 micron grit, quality of diamond
100k (whatever that matters). One uses so little it seems to last forever.




Mel Dickson
President, Australian Society for Electron Microscopy
Director, Electron Microscope Unit,
University of New South Wales.
Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

Phone (+612) 9385-6383
Fax (+612) 9385-6400

Website {http://emunit1.babs.unsw.edu.au/emu_top.htm}




From: Melvyn Dickson :      M.Dickson-at-unsw.edu.au
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 08:35:56 +1100
Subject: Re: EM Filament assembly cleaning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I dislike using anything which might leave an organic residue. That
includes old favourite cleaners like "Brasso" and "Wenol". AND even the
organic solvents which YOU HOPE remove that greasy residue can leave their
own residues. Steve Chapman (whom God preserve) advises that "Wenol plus
K" in particular leaves behind an organic film intended to retard oxidation.

So my preference is for an aqueous polish which rinses off with copious
volumes of our glass distilled water.

Microgrit alumina (say grade 1600) on a damp cotton bud is fine. Or you
can buy polishing alumina ready made up (you may have it already) from say
Buehler.

But my preference is for diamond paste on a cotton bud. ProScitech sold me
our existing tube which was 5g. Its 0.25 micron grit, quality of diamond
100k (whatever that matters). One uses so little it seems to last forever.




Mel Dickson
President, Australian Society for Electron Microscopy
Director, Electron Microscope Unit,
University of New South Wales.
Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

Phone (+612) 9385-6383
Fax (+612) 9385-6400

Website {http://emunit1.babs.unsw.edu.au/emu_top.htm}




From: steve rogers :      srogers-at-delphi.beckman.uiuc.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 18:28:38 -0500
Subject: Re: Melanin localazation?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Richard,
Our lab studies frog melanophores which contain hundreds of melanosomes
(melanin-filled pigment granules). I have had a great deal of success
visualizing melanosome distribution on the confocal by imaging
backscattered (reflected) light. Using this technique allows me to double
stain cells with rhodamine & fluorescein and superimpose reflected light to
create very nice 3 color images. On our old Zeiss LSM210 this is possible
by scanning with the 543 HeNe laser line (usually used to excite rhodamine)
and detecting for green fluorescence (usually used to detect emitted light
from fluorescein). You can accomplish the same effect by removing the
fluorescent filter block altogether, but images acquired this way are
misaligned with respect to fluorescence collected thru the dichroic. The
only difficulty I've had using this technique is that the samples must be
sufficiently below the plane of the coverslip so that reflection from the
glass doesn't contribute to the backscatter image.

Hope you find this input useful.
Best,

Steve Rogers
Dept. of Cell & Structural Biology &
The Beckman Institute - Optical Visualization Facility
University of Illinois -at- C/U
srogers-at-delphi.beckman.uiuc.edu


} Looking to identify MELANIN in fungal walls. There are no
} antibodies for it (Its not a protein- I don't think), and I can't
} find any lectins for it. It is diagnostic in urine samples, and
} skin, hair etc.
}
} o.k., surely someone somewhere - one of those great old Histologist
} / microscopists has some eye-of-newt & pinch of bat-wing technique
} for staining it - possitively would be even better - but we have
} non-melanized mutants whcih can be used as a control (putatively we
} can turn melanization On/Off and this is what we are trying to
} verify, eh?).
}
} Any hints or techniques would be greatly appreciated. Applicable
} microscopies include SEM (SEI & BEI), TEM, LM, Confocal, and
} fluorescence. Rather NOT attempt any autoradiography techniques
} though.
}
} Thank you in advanced for any help!
}
}
}
} Richard E. Edelmann, Ph.D.
} Electron Microscopy Facility Supervisor
} 352 Pearson Hall
} Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056
} Ph: 513.529.5712 Fax: 513.529.4243
} E-mail: edelmare-at-muohio.edu
}
}
} "640K ought to be enough for anybody."
} -- Bill Gates, 1981







From: Diana van Driel :      dianavd-at-eye.usyd.edu.au
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 11:37:56 +1100
Subject: re: EM Filament assembly cleaning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

1.Mild metal polisher (eg Brasso)
2.Wash off with ammonium hydroxide (about 5%)
3.Rinse several times with ethanol
4.Dry with hair dryer


Diana van Driel
Dept Ophthalmology
Sydney University
GPO Box 1614
Sydney
AUSTRALIA 2001






From: Jim Darley :      jim-at-proscitech.com.au
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 10:57:45 +1100
Subject: Re: Immuno-Microscopy listserver/ Propriety

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Its fair and reasonable for Steven Slap to provide this information, but
why
does he not indicate that he is the editor of the suggested histology site?

Sure his name appears on that site and his company is shown as a sponsor (a
cheap form of advertising), but no connection is made and most visitors
would not realise that Steven Slap is the manager of the sponsoring firm
and
thus has a commercial interest: In essence it is a commercial site.
Predictable his company is the only consumable supplier company shown.
Nothing wrong with his sponsoring or editing such a page but visitors to
the page and readers of this listserver are entitled to know not just who
is sponsoring what but what commercial interests the editor has. Its known
as propriety!
Jim Darley

ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
Phone +61 77 740 370 Fax: +61 77 892 313
Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
************************ http://www.proscitech.com.au

----------
} From: Energy Beam Sciences, Inc. {ebs-at-ebsciences.com}
} Dear fellow microscopists,
}
} At 08:55 AM 12/10/97 +0100, Heinz Fehrenbach wrote:
} } can anyone of this newsgroup give me information about and subscription
} } procedure to any related newsgroup ? In particular, I would appreciate
} } to hear whether there is a special newsgroup discussing
immuno-histology,
} } -fluorescence, -blotting, and pathology subjects.
}
} There is an immunohistochemistry list, called ipox-l
}
} To subscribe, send a message to majordomo-at-pathology.stanford.edu and
write
} subscribe ipox-l in the body of the message. I believe that there is
also a
} pathology list, and instructions for this are available at "The
Histotech's
} Home Page" (http://www.histology.to)
}
} Best regards,
} Steven E. Slap
} ********************************
} Energy Beam Sciences, Inc.
} Adding Brilliance To Your Vision
} ebs-at-ebsciences.com
} http://www.ebsciences.com/
} ********************************
}




From: Dennis Collins :      Dennis_Collins-at-macmail2.lbl.gov
Date: 10 Dec 1997 16:55:34 -0700
Subject: Re: Cooling water problems

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

Subject: Time:5:39 PM
OFFICE MEMO RE} Cooling water problems Date:12/10/97

Hans Brinkies wrote,
"I am still using an old ETEC Autoscan (SEM, vintage 1973). It is
still working well after more than 12 000 hrs of usage and usually we
get the results that we want.

"However, a calcium containing deposit has been forming
in the cooling water supply (in Cu tubes, in cooling coils around
diff.pump, in heat sinks, ect). The microscope was donated to us
several years ago but was not connected for the last 18 months
to the recirculating water system in our laboratory ( we are using
filtered tap water). The water flow has now been reduced drastically
over the last few weeks and I fear that the 'pipes' may eventually
totally block up.

"What is the best (and safe) way to reduce or remove this deposit.
Back-flashing was only partially successful.

"Any suggestion ?

"Thank You

"Hans Brinkies
SWINBURNE, University of Technology
School of Engineering and Science
Electron Microscopy Laboratory
HAWTHORN, 3122, Australia"
****************************************
Hans,
The same problem occurs in lots of water-cooled, high power equipment such
as vacuum tube amplifiers, x-ray tubes, and particle accelerators.
For components with copper cooling water passages we use only low
conductivity water (min of 750K-ohm-cm: 1 Megohm-cm is better) in a
closed-loop cooling system. Even then deposits will accumulate.
We use water flow switches to ensure at least a minimum water flow in
sensitive equipment, and try to keep an eye on the pressure drop across each
water cooling circuit, back-flushing with a dilute solution of Sulfamic acid
when we see a clear rise in the pressure drop at the required flow.
Hope this helps keep your ETEC Autoscan running.
Dennis Collins
DGCollins-at-lbl.gov








From: mliu-at-ceam.UCSD.EDU (Mingqi Liu)
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 97 19:59:00 PST
Subject: Re: Microscopy & Microanalysis '98 : Call for Papers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html







From: Mary Mager :      mager-at-unixg.ubc.ca
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 20:13:38 -0800
Subject: Re: PC image

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Yuri,
I have been researching the same thing to replace my two old Kevex 8000s. So
far I have found iXRF, (www.ixrfsystems.com) who specialize in putting new
computers on old Kevex's, ANS, (www.qtmsys.com) who have a very inexpensive
product, and, of course, Kevex has an upgrade that is a little more. All are
worth talking to.
You wrote:

} Colleagues...
} we have old Hitachi S-650 SEM with KEVEX ANALYST 8000 microanalyser with
} old architecture ( on LST-11 minicomputer). Can anyone give a advice
} about cheap and easy ways to change this system on modern system on PC
} platform? What we need to this?
} Thanks,
} Yury Shipilov
} AME Department
} UofA
}
Regards,
Mary
Mary Mager
Electron Microscopist
Metals and Materials Engineering
University of British Columbia
6350 Stores Road
Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4
CANADA
tel: 604-822-5648
fax: 604-822-3619
e-mail: mager-at-interchg.ubc.ca





From: Mary Mager :      mager-at-unixg.ubc.ca
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 19:40:10 -0800
Subject: Re: ion milling

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Sara,
We have been running the VCR Ion Mill for about eight years, now. We have
found the instrument to be solid, reliable and easy to use and clean. The
people at VCR are very helpful and easy to deal with. Ours is an older
model, now they have one run totally by computer.
You wrote:
} Hi All
}
} We need to buy a new ion mill for our lab. Any suggestions, warnings,
} tips would be appreciated.
}
} Thanx in advance
}
} Sara Prins

Regards,
Mary
Mary Mager
Electron Microscopist
Metals and Materials Engineering
University of British Columbia
6350 Stores Road
Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4
CANADA
tel: 604-822-5648
fax: 604-822-3619
e-mail: mager-at-interchg.ubc.ca





From: Mary Mager :      mager-at-unixg.ubc.ca
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 20:21:50 -0800
Subject: Re: EM Filament assembly cleaning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Gregg,
Everyone has their favorite technique and all will work. I use a good scrub
with Wenol, a rinse in acetone, which removes any Wenol residue, a check
under 20X dissceting scope to be sure I got it all clean, a rinse in
denatured ehtanol, then a final rinse in pure ethanol and dry with hot air.
The hot air dry is important to prevent drying residue. Each time I say
"rinse", I mean immersing the assembly in the solvent and sonicating for at
least a minute.
Another technique that helps is to sonicate the piece first in a 10% oxalic
acid solution, then rinse in several distilled water changes. Dry with clean
alcohol as above. The oxalic acid loosens the residue and saves hard scrubbing.
Good luck. You wrote:
}
} In short, I would like to inquire as to the methods and chemicals that people
} are using for cleaning their filament assemblys on their electron microscopes.
} Especially the final step.
}
} When changing our filament for our TEMs, we have in the past cleaned any
} tarnish or deposits from the filament assembly pieces using a mild polish, then
} sonicated the parts in a detergergent solution, followed by water rinses,
} sonication in a few rinses of ETOH, then finally sonication in a freon-based
} ultra-precision cleaning solution. (The used freon solution is dumped into its
} own waste bottle.)
}
} We are considering changing this process (especially in consideration of the
} availability and disposal of the freon solution) and are wondering what other
} labs use for cleaning their filament assemblys thoroughly. We are especially
} interested in the final cleaning step (removing any leftover residues).
}
} Thank you for your input. Don't be afraid to be brief.
}
} Gregg Sobocinski

Regards,
Mary
Mary Mager
Electron Microscopist
Metals and Materials Engineering
University of British Columbia
6350 Stores Road
Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4
CANADA
tel: 604-822-5648
fax: 604-822-3619
e-mail: mager-at-interchg.ubc.ca





From: Mary Mager :      mager-at-unixg.ubc.ca
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 19:54:39 -0800
Subject: Re: Teflon Tweezers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Laurence,
A forceps supplier such as Fine Science Tools may have them, but a cheaper
source is the Optician that handles soft contact lenses. That's where I got
mine. Some drup stores have them with contact lens supplies. They may just
be plastic, but should stand HF.
You wrote:
}
} We are looking for some Teflon tweezers, to
} dip a TEM sample in HF. Anyone know of a source?
}
} ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
} Laurence Marks
} Department of Materials Science and Engineering

Regards,
Mary
Mary Mager
Electron Microscopist
Metals and Materials Engineering
University of British Columbia
6350 Stores Road
Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4
CANADA
tel: 604-822-5648
fax: 604-822-3619
e-mail: mager-at-interchg.ubc.ca





From: PECZ Bela :      pecz-at-falcon.mufi.hu
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 07:57:00 +0100
Subject: Re: ion milling

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

At 03:44 PM 12/10/97 +0200, you wrote:
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America=20

Dear Colleague,

I think that one should consider the following products:

1) VCR Group XLA 2000 Ion/Atom Mill (USA)
Suite 31, 250 East Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, CA 84080

2) Gatan Model 691 Precision Ion Polishing System PIPS (USA)
Gatan Inc. 6678 Owens Drive, Pleasanton, CA 94588-3334, USA

3) Bal-Tec RES 100 (Lichenstein)
BAL-TEC AG, F=F6hrenweg 16, Postfach 62, FL-9496 Balzers, F=FCrstent=
um
Lichenstein

4) Technoorg-Linda IV3 or IV3/H/L (Hungary)
H-1077 Budapest, R=F3zsa u. 24, Hungary, phone: 36-1-3428-713, fax:=
36-1-3224-089

5) Fishione Instruments Model 3000 Ion Mill (USA)
E. A. Fishione Instruments Inc. 9003 Corporate Circle, Export, PA 15632=
USA

I think that IonTec (UK) is not present on this market now, but I am
not sure.
I can give you further details separately if you want.
Best wishes, Bela Pecz
11th Dec. 1997
-----------------------------------------
Dr. Bela Pecz
Research Institute for Technical Physics
H-1325 Budapest, POBox 76
Hungary
phone: 36-1-2332 865
fax: 36-1-2332-794
E-Mail: pecz-at-mufi.hu
-----------------------------------------





From: Garber, Charles A. :      cgarber-at-2spi.com
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 97 02:35:43 -0500
Subject: Where are Teflon(R) coated tweezers?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

-- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --

Laurence Marks wrote:
=======================================================
We are looking for some Teflon tweezers, to dip a TEM sample in HF. Anyone
know of a source?
=======================================================
If what you want to dip is something more substantial in size than a TEM
grid, then the molded Teflon (R) tweezers found on our website will hold up
extremely well. They were originally developed for use in the electronics
industry where HF dipping is a pretty frequent and routine operation. But
don't try to pick up with them a TEM grid, it won't work.

If it is a TEM grid or grid sized sample you want to pick up, then you will
need Teflon coated high precision tweezers which can also be found on our
website. It is a constant battle of trade offs: You want the tips to
retain their sharpness, therefore the coating must be extremely thin, but at
that coating thickness, there is a good chance for some small population of
pin-holes to form at the tips. So the protection is not perfect, but it is
lightyears better than using unprotected tweezers. Also, Teflon is soft and
lacks abrasion resistance and it will, therefore, wear off, some might say
too quickly. But the good news is that the tweezers can still be used as
ordinary tweezers for other purposes.

Now while the molded Teflon tweezers are a pretty commonly found item, high
precision Teflon coated tweezers are not so easily found. My comments
relative to pin-holes and the coating being worn off were directed
specifically to the SPI brand of this kind of product since we have not made
comparisons between our product and anyone else's.


Chuck

===================================================
Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com


Look for us!
############################
WWW: http://www.2spi.com
############################
=================================================




From: Keith Ryan :      KPR-at-wpo.nerc.ac.uk
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 08:29:47 +0000
Subject: Om Johari's retirement -Reply

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Om's last Scanning Microscopy International meeting was billed as just that last May in Chicago, I was tthere. He has oganised them for 30 years and I
guess has done it enough. Some of the groups were talking of continuing their own little specialist gatherings elsewhere in future, who knows?

There is a Pfeffercorn meeting being organised currently:

_______________________________________________-
Scanning Microscopy International
Sixteenth Pfefferkorn Conference
Optimising Scanning Electron Microscopy
April 5 - 8 1999
Aberystwyth, Wales, UK

Full details of the conference, updated regularly, can be viewed on the
World Wide Web page: http://www.aber.ac.uk/~dbswww/pfeffer16/home.html


Dr Iolo ap Gwynn, (iag-at-aber.ac.uk)
Institute of Biological Sciences, The University of Wales, Aberystwyth,
Wales, SY23 3DA, UK
Fax: +44 1970 62 23 50
________________________________________________

I am trusting that the journal is continuing because I received a manuscript back this week, along with the reviewers' comments.
More work!

Regards - Keith Ryan
Plymouth Marine Lab., UK




From: Luc Harmsen :      anaspec-at-icon.co.za
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 10:46:16 +0200
Subject: Cleaning parts in E.M.'s

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Just to join in on a discussion that involves a large part of our daily =
tasks, I would like to point out the dangers in cleaning in solvents.
If you clean your own E.M., then usually you are also aware of the =
"freshness" and source of the chemicals/solvents in your lab. In our =
travels we often find that we cannot get the solvents we would like or =
need and have to make do with a lot of strange variations. We have also =
found contaminated solvents which can cause all sorts of problems. =
Usually you can visibly see the residue. It appears as white stains. =
It's the invisible residues that catch us some times.
The basic rules we follow is as follows:
Clean only if necessary. If you find that the test specimen is proving =
that the E.M. is not up to spec, only then clean the column bits.=20
If the gun assembly is still fairly clean, do not polish. You will only =
add dirt.
Use a polishing paste that you know works and what it takes to remove =
it. This can only be tested by experience unfortunatly. Pastes we use =
vary from Wenol, Pol metal polish, pikal metal polish( supplied with =
most Japanese E.M.'s) and Hyprez diamond pastes. All of which work in =
different circumstances. As we are normally charging per hour, the =
customers don't appreciate us trying to polish away for hours on end. So =
we find the diamod pastes work better on the gun parts as they remove =
the tungsten very quickly.
We then commonly use Ethanol as a solvent for these pastes, as acetone =
is not always available. One of the better solvents we do use is =
Arklone. But it is also not always available and is very expensive.

The secrets we have learnt are simple and work well.
Polish the parts well with cotton buds and the paste. Once it is clean, =
immerse them immediately in the ethanol/solvent. This ensures that the =
paste does not harden on the parts.
Ultrasonically clean the parts for at least 10 minutes a time. Remove =
the solvent and fill the beaker again with new solvent and ultrasonic =
again. If Arklone is available, then use this as the final solvent.
When taking the parts out of the solvent, "polish" again with clean =
"solvent dunked" cotton buds. Normally you find that there is still =
quite a lot of "dirt" that comes off. Use clean solvent to dunk the buds =
into. Beware of fibres that can be left after polishing.
Check the parts under a light microscope for any particles, residues or =
fibres.
Once the E.M. is re-assembled allow it to pump down over night, at =
least, before checking for a beam.

With the gun assembly, we would again suggest you do not clean if it is =
not necessary, as a light coating of tungsten does not affect =
performance that badly. For the higher KV. TEMs obviously this would =
have to be monitored very closely.=20
We have had good success in simply ultrasonically cleaning with the =
Protrain formula of 10% Silvo, 10% ammonia and water. Rinsing thoroughly =
afterwards in water then some alcohol.
Again I will point out that we donot always have all the fancy chemicals =
most labs have available to them, but if this method works for us, I am =
sure the added steps and specialised chemicals listed can only improve =
cleaning by a smaller margin.



Good luck and happy polishing.

Luc Harmsen
Anaspec, South Africa
Technical support for E.M. clients, world wide.
Anaspec-at-icon.co.za
Tel:+27 (0) 11 476 3455
Fax:+27 (0) 11 476 7290





From: Sara Prins :      SPrins-at-csir.co.za
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 12:52:23 +0200
Subject: holey carbon

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi

Can somebody please send a copy of a method how to make holey
carbon to me? I know it was on the listserver a while ago but somehow
I can't find the e-mail or my printout.
Thanx

Sara Prins

sprins-at-csir.co.za




From: Keith Ryan :      KPR-at-wpo.nerc.ac.uk
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 11:55:23 +0000
Subject: What is Jamarin U?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear All

Can anyone tell me anything about Jamarin U?

I have a user with a protocol for SEM which uses osmium made up in Jamarin U. Its a new one on me! Any info gratefully received.

Keith Ryan
Plymouth Marine Lab., UK





From: garage2-at-hotmail.com
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 06:09:08 -0600
Subject: Garage Sale, Flea Market

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html





Are you thinking about having a garage, tag, or yard sale within the next 12 months?
Are you planning on going to a flea market?

Will it be fun or a big pain...organized or chaotic?
Will you be encouraged or disappointed?
And most of all...
Will you make enough MONEY to make it worth your time?
Start planning now!


Making Money At GARAGE SALES SWAP MEETS FLEA MARKETS (An Insider's Guide) Is your resource to make it happen BIG!


On almost any given weekend across the country, someone is holding a garage sale, attending a swap meet or setting up a booth at a flea market. The quote "someone’s junk is someone else’s treasure" makes these events both plausible and plentiful.


GARAGE SALE KNOW-HOW
Turn Your Trash Into Easy Cash!
Make hundreds more by Garage Selling smarter, not harder.


Learn insider secrets in our new guide.


This information was gathered from the experiences and expertise of many Garage Sale professionals. Definitely a best of the best. No slick salesman's talk. Just an easy-to-read information guide, packed with the latest techniques to help you put cash i
n your pockets.


Here are just a few of the techniques covered in-depth in the guide:

Top selling Garage Sale items.
Pricing (Or... "What do I charge for this stuff?!")
Advertising- the most effective ways to get customers to come.
Set Up & Display- the best methods that will attract buyers and get them to purchase.
Pitfalls to Avoid and simple mistakes that will lose you money and ruin your sale.
How to create Flyers that get customers to come.
Security and other safeguards you should follow.
How to cash in on your Antiques and Collectibles.
How to create winning signs by using psychological principles.
How to determine the length of your sale and which days are best.
What garage layout will improve sales.
Understanding how to transform your trash into treasure.
Plus techniques to boost your sales.

...And Much, Much More!! (OVER 25 PAGES)



Consider the price of this guide to be an investment in your future. It will easily pay for itself after you read it.


These proven methods really can TRIPLE your garage sale income!!!


Here is what a few readers had to say:

"I ordered your guide several months ago. It was extremely helpful. I had a two day sale and made over $500 on stuff from around my home! Your guide was a big help in organizing my sale. Thanks!" (Janice J., Clearwater, Florida)


"I did it! Your guide helped me do what I wasn't really comfortable doing, running my sale. I had the best sale possible. I did so well I'm planning another in a few weeks! It was so busy I could hardly take the money fast enough. Thanks for your help.
BTW- I made over one thousand dollars!" (Bill S., Long Beach, California)


"I have your guide, and it is well written and very informative. I appreciate your promptness in delivery. I will surely implement your techniques in my next sale. Thanks again!" (Gregg G., Oak Hill, VA)


Let the guide show you step-by-step exactly what you need to do to have a wildly successful garage sale or yard sale. It will lead you from the very beginning of your preparations...
to the grand finale of taking your money to the bank!


This guide is not selling for $20, $30 or $50 like some. I'm willing to give you valuable information at an incredibly low price! In fact, for approximately the cost of feeding your family a fast-food meal, you can discover the "secrets" of making your ne
xt garage sale or yard sale hugely profitable.



To order your informative guide, send a check or money order for

only $5.00 if delivered by E-mail
(Sent in an easy to use format (RTF) useable by all word processors, even Notepad)

only $10.00 if delivered by US mail (shipping included)

Or, you can order with your VISA or MasterCard!

(Sorry...No checks accepted from outside of the U.S. Only VISA or MasterCard!)
(If you live in Canada. Please add $1.00 extra for shipping is non E-mail)

You can order by VISA/MasterCard by calling:

1-703-912-1948 (24 hours a day)
(Credit Card Orders Only!)

%%%%% BONUS %%%%%
IF YOU ORDER BEFORE DECEMBER 20th I WILL ALSO SEND YOU A COMPILATION OF GARAGE TIPS, TRICKS AND IDEAS (IT TOOK ME OVER 15 HOURS OF ONLINE RESEARCH AND YEARS OF ATTENDING FLEA MARKETS AND GOING TO AND HOSTING GARAGE SALES TO PULL THIS TOGETHER)


***If you would like- print this out on your printer and use it as an order form!***
OR
E-mail it to me with your information (addresses below)

1.Please Neatly Print Your Information:

Name__________________________________________________

Address_______________________________________________

City________________________________________State_____

Zip Code_________________Country______________________

Internet E-mail Address________________________________
(Your E-mail Address will not be used for any other purpose other than to contact you about your order or send your guide.)

2.I am enclosing:

___ a Check Delivery: E-mail: ___ $5.00
US Mail:___ $10.00

___ a Money Order Delivery: E-mail: ___ $5.00
US Mail:___ $10.00

Please make payments payable to: Summit


3.I want to order by credit card:

Card Type: VISA___ MasterCard___

Card Number:___________________________

Card Expiration Date:__________________

Cardholders Name:______________________

Cardholders Address (if different from shipping address above):

___________________________________________________________________

Delivery: E-mail: ___ $5.00
US Mail:___ $10.00




4.Send your payment to:

Summit
Attn: Guide
2579 John Milton Drive
Ste. 105-102
Herndon, VA 20171

OR
Send E-mail to:
(for Credit Card Orders) garage2-at-hotmail.com
or garage2-at-mailexcite.com


**if the E-mail addresses are returned as undeliverable please call us and place a Credit Card order or send the order form in the mail**

Thank You for your order! We'll contact you by E-mail as soon as we have received and shipped your Information Package.

-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
If you wish to be removed from this list place REMOVE in the subject heading and reply to the reply address.


|--====== {} {} {} {} {} {} ======--||--===== {} {} {} {} {} {} ====--|
|| (703)-912-1948 || Summit ||
||--------------------------- || ---------------------- ||
|| garage2-at-hotmail.com || Innovations For Today ||
|--====== {} {} {} {} {} {} ======--||--===== {} {} {} {} {} =====-- |








From: rschoonh-at-sph.unc.edu (Robert Schoonhoven)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 07:37:36 -0500
Subject: Re: Confocal, IHC

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dehydrate with graded ethanol 50 through 100 % then clear in 2 changes of Xylene
5-10 minutes each, that shoul render the tissues translucent.

-- Begin original message --

} Hello:
}
} I am seeking the advice of any member who wishes to make this a truly
} joyful season.
}
} I am working with some skin samples, (human, mouse, rat) that are
} between 100=B5m to 150=B5m thick. They have been labeled with various 1=B0s
} and three 2=B0s. The labeling is specific and strong. The problem is the
} clarification of the tissue and the proper mounting in a suitable
} fashion for confocal. Most of the problems stem from the fact the
} tissue is so thick; and before you ask, yes it has to be that thick. I
} am looking for the relationship between matrix, nerve and blood
} structures. I have performed the 3D analysis successfully on smaller,
} 40=B5m sections, but clearing the tissue becomes important in the thicker
} sections for proper imaging.
}
} I have tried dehydration w/ EtOH 70%-100% and Methyl salicylate, but the
} crystals left behind by the Me-S and washing them displaced the tissue.
}
} I have tried 70-30 v/v glycerol but only moderately improved my image.
}
} Please help
}
} Ramin Rahbari
} 313-998-3383
-- End original message --


regards,
Bob
Robert Schoonhoven
Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis
Dept. of Environmental Sciences and Engineering
University of North Carolina
CB#7400
Chapel Hill, NC 27599
Phone
office 919-966-6343
Lab 919-966-6140
Fax 919-966-6123

**I'm willing to make the mistakes if someone else is willing to learn from
them**





From: Woody.N.White-at-mcdermott.com
Date: 12/10/97 1:48 PM
Subject: PC image

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------ =_0_MIME_Boundary_6072.348fee3a.mta.mcdermott.com
Content-Type: text/plain; name="Authorized by..."; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Authorized by..."

Message authorized by:
: yury-at-yury.ame.arizona.edu_at_internet at X400post

------ =_0_MIME_Boundary_6072.348fee3a.mta.mcdermott.com



I have not seen any cheap conversions, unless perhaps you do the whole
thing
yourself (and if your "rates" are very, very cheap). There are a number of

vendors who offer pc conversion packages, but the cost is from about $8000
to
$20,000 (US).

Woody White
Mcdermott Technology, Inc.

Work http://www.mtiresearch.com

Me http://www.geocities.com/capecanaveral/3722
______________________________ Reply Separator
_________________________________


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

Colleagues...
we have old Hitachi S-650 SEM with KEVEX ANALYST 8000 microanalyser with
old architecture ( on LST-11 minicomputer). Can anyone give a advice
about cheap and easy ways to change this system on modern system on PC
platform? What we need to this?
Thanks,
Yury Shipilov
AME Department
UofA

------ =_0_MIME_Boundary_6072.348fee3a.mta.mcdermott.com--




From: Woody.N.White-at-mcdermott.com
Date: 12/10/97 4:31 PM
Subject: Teflon Tweezers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



Hope you can hold on {g} .... Anyway, SPI Supplies offers teflon COATED
tweezers which may work for you. Their phone: (800) 242 4774.

Woody White
Mcdermott Technology, Inc.

Wk. http://www.mtiresearch.com

Me http://www.geocities.com/capecanaveral/3722

______________________________ Reply Separator
_________________________________


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

We are looking for some Teflon tweezers, to
dip a TEM sample in HF. Anyone know of a source?

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Laurence Marks
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Northwestern University
Evanston, IL 60208-3108
tel: (847) 491-3996
fax: (847) 491-7820
email: l-marks-at-nwu.edu
http: //www.numis.nwu.edu
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++




From: Ray Haythornthwaite :      RHaythor-at-chipworks.com
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 97 08:43:00 EST
Subject: EDX: Connecting Kevex Delta to a PC.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



Has anybody successfully hooked up the color display output from a Kevex


Delta EDX to a personal computer running Windows; if so how did you do
it? Our system uses an old DEC computer and an Electrohome monitor with


individual RGB and separate horizontal and vertical sync connections. The


only printer output is to a serial connected to an old OKI dot matrix
printer.

Thanks in advance.

Ray Haythornthwaite
Chipworks
Phone (613) 829-0414: FAX (613) 829-0515
E Mail rhaythor-at-chipworks.com




From: Ronnie Houston :      rhh1-at-airmail.net
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 08:26:34 -0800
Subject: Re: Immuno-Microscopy listserver/ Propriety

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Jim Darley wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Its fair and reasonable for Steven Slap to provide this information, but
} why
} does he not indicate that he is the editor of the suggested histology site?
}
} Sure his name appears on that site and his company is shown as a sponsor (a
} cheap form of advertising), but no connection is made and most visitors
} would not realise that Steven Slap is the manager of the sponsoring firm
} and
} thus has a commercial interest: In essence it is a commercial site.
} Predictable his company is the only consumable supplier company shown.
} Nothing wrong with his sponsoring or editing such a page but visitors to
} the page and readers of this listserver are entitled to know not just who
} is sponsoring what but what commercial interests the editor has. Its known
} as propriety!
} Jim Darley
}
} ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
} PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
} Phone +61 77 740 370 Fax: +61 77 892 313
} Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
} ************************ http://www.proscitech.com.au
}
} ----------
} } From: Energy Beam Sciences, Inc. {ebs-at-ebsciences.com}
} } Dear fellow microscopists,
} }
} } At 08:55 AM 12/10/97 +0100, Heinz Fehrenbach wrote:
} } } can anyone of this newsgroup give me information about and subscription
} } } procedure to any related newsgroup ? In particular, I would appreciate
} } } to hear whether there is a special newsgroup discussing
} immuno-histology,
} } } -fluorescence, -blotting, and pathology subjects.
} }
} } There is an immunohistochemistry list, called ipox-l
} }
} } To subscribe, send a message to majordomo-at-pathology.stanford.edu and
} write
} } subscribe ipox-l in the body of the message. I believe that there is
} also a
} } pathology list, and instructions for this are available at "The
} Histotech's
} } Home Page" (http://www.histology.to)
} }
} } Best regards,
} } Steven E. Slap
} } ********************************
} } Energy Beam Sciences, Inc.
} } Adding Brilliance To Your Vision
} } ebs-at-ebsciences.com
} } http://www.ebsciences.com/
} } ********************************
} }

Jim,
Don't be so childish. If your company had the gumption and interest to
support the profession you serve, perhaps you would have had the insight
to establish such a site as Steven has.
Ronnie Houston
Dallas, TX




From: rschoonh-at-sph.unc.edu (Robert Schoonhoven)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 09:28:01 -0500
Subject: Re: Melanin localazation-reply

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


-- Begin original message --

}
} Does anybody out there
}
} Looking to identify MELANIN in fungal walls. There are no
} antibodies for it (Its not a protein- I don't think), and I can't
} find any lectins for it. It is diagnostic in urine samples, and
} skin, hair etc.
}
} o.k., surely someone somewhere - one of those great old Histologist
} / microscopists has some eye-of-newt & pinch of bat-wing technique
} for staining it - possitively would be even better - but we have
} non-melanized mutants whcih can be used as a control (putatively we
} can turn melanization On/Off and this is what we are trying to
} verify, eh?).
}
} Richard E. Edelmann, Ph.D.
} Electron Microscopy Facility Supervisor
} 352 Pearson Hall
} Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056
} Ph: 513.529.5712 Fax: 513.529.4243
} E-mail: edelmare-at-muohio.edu
-- End original message --
Richard,

While not quite eye of newt and bat wing, though it doesn't miss that era by
much, try the following procedure by Masson (1928) which is still in use today.

Masson-Fontana method for melanin:

Fontana Silver Solution:

10 percent silver nitrate 20 ml
Ammonia
Distilled water 20 ml

To the 10% silver nitrate add the ammonia a drop at a time untill only a faint
opalescence remains. Add the distilled water and filter, allow to stand
overnight prior to use. Store in the dark and the solution will be good for
about 30 days. Do not reuse.

Method:

1-hydrate the tissue sections
2-wash well in distilled water
3-transfer to Fontana silver solution for 12-16 hours in the dark in a covered
container
4-Wash well in 2-3 changes of distilled water
5- (optional step)tone in 1% gold chloride
6-stabelize in 5% sodium thiosulfate for 5 minutes
7-wash in tap water for 5 minutes
8-counterstain wit 1% neutral red for 2 minutes
9-dehydrate, clear and coverslip

NOTE!!!!!Ammoniacal silver decomposes into an explosive compound after time
(months)

From Histopathological Stains and their Diagnostic Uses, J.D. Bancroft & A.
Stevens

If I can be of further assistance please feel free to call me.

regards,
Bob
Robert Schoonhoven
Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis
Dept. of Environmental Sciences and Engineering
University of North Carolina
CB#7400
Chapel Hill, NC 27599
Phone
office 919-966-6343
Lab 919-966-6140
Fax 919-966-6123

**I'm willing to make the mistakes if someone else is willing to learn from
them**





From: Richard Fonda :      fonda-at-anvil.nrl.navy.mil
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 09:46:28 +1500
Subject: TEM GaAs prep

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear all,

A coworker needs to prepare plan view and cross sectional TEM samples of
metal thin films (30-500 angstroms) on GaAs. Any suggestions on the best
sample prep for this type of material? TIA

Dick Fonda

_____________________________________________________________
Richard W. Fonda Naval Research Laboratory
(202) 767-2622 Code 6324
(202) 767-2623 fax Washington DC 20375
_____________________________________________________________






From: :      kna101-at-utdallas.edu
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 09:32:11 -0600 (CST)
Subject: Re: Melanin localazation?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Richard,

The journal Pigment Cell Research has much to say about melanin in
it's different forms. Also, work done in our lab some time ago used a
whole list of nonradioactive methods for detecting melanin. Check out
"Pigmented cells of the stria vascualris and spiral ligament of the
chinchilla" by C.G. Wright and D.H. Lee, Acta Otolaryngologica (Stockholm)
108:190-200, 1989 or "Pigmented epithelial cells of the mebranous cassular
wall of the chinchilla" by C.G. Wright and D.H. Lee, Acta Otolaryngologica
(Stockholm) 102:438-449. There is even a way to see if your nonpigmented
cells might actually be producing the precursors of melanin without making
the final product. I didn't do any of the work myself- so I can't give
you much detail. Hope this info is helpfull.

Karen Pawlowski
Sr. Res. Assoc.
Dept. of Otolaryngology
UT Southwestern Med. Ctr.
Dallas, TX

On Wed, 10 Dec 1997 edelmare-at-casmail.muohio.edu wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Does anybody out there
}
} Looking to identify MELANIN in fungal walls. There are no
} antibodies for it (Its not a protein- I don't think), and I can't
} find any lectins for it. It is diagnostic in urine samples, and
} skin, hair etc.
}
} o.k., surely someone somewhere - one of those great old Histologist
} / microscopists has some eye-of-newt & pinch of bat-wing technique
} for staining it - possitively would be even better - but we have
} non-melanized mutants whcih can be used as a control (putatively we
} can turn melanization On/Off and this is what we are trying to
} verify, eh?).
}
} Any hints or techniques would be greatly appreciated. Applicable
} microscopies include SEM (SEI & BEI), TEM, LM, Confocal, and
} fluorescence. Rather NOT attempt any autoradiography techniques
} though.
}
} Thank you in advanced for any help!
}
}
}
} Richard E. Edelmann, Ph.D.
} Electron Microscopy Facility Supervisor
} 352 Pearson Hall
} Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056
} Ph: 513.529.5712 Fax: 513.529.4243
} E-mail: edelmare-at-muohio.edu
}
}
} "640K ought to be enough for anybody."
} -- Bill Gates, 1981
}





From: CORLB-at-cliffy.polaroid.com (R-Brooks Corl)
Date: 12/10/97 11:04 AM
Subject: Re: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


For the record, the Polaroid PDC-2000 is available for use either "tethered" or
"untethered", the latter with onboard storage for 40 or 60 images depending on
the model. You will then need to connect to the computer to download your
images, though. Price of the PDC-2000 is now under $2K for all models.

Hope this helps your information gathering process. For more, get back to me or
check www.polaroid.com

Brooks Corl
Senior Application Manager
POLAROID CORPORATION
corlb-at-polaroid.com

______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

I am also beginning to evaluate hand-held digital cameras for an
upcoming
image analysis project. The recent discussion has been very helpful for
me - thank you to everyone for posting to the general list.

One product I haven't seen mentioned is the Minolta RD-175. Does anyone
have experience with this camera, or know how it fits into the spectrum?
Does it use the JPEG compression that Dr. John Russ spoke about? Does
it
provide good color representation? I should mention that I want a
camera
that is not "tethered to the computer".

Thanks again for your help,

Karen

--
Karen Zaruba
kszaruba-at-mmm.com
3M Company, St. Paul, MN 55144
"Opinions above are my own, not necessarily my employer's"




From: CORLB-at-cliffy.polaroid.com (R-Brooks Corl)
Date: 12/10/97 11:04 AM
Subject: Re: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



For the record, the Polaroid PDC-2000 is available for use either "tethered" or
"untethered", the latter with onboard storage for 40 or 60 images depending on
the model. You will then need to connect to the computer to download your
images, though. Price of the PDC-2000 is now under $2K for all models.

Hope this helps your information gathering process. For more, get back to me or
check www.polaroid.com

Brooks Corl
Senior Application Manager
POLAROID CORPORATION
corlb-at-polaroid.com

______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

I am also beginning to evaluate hand-held digital cameras for an
upcoming
image analysis project. The recent discussion has been very helpful for
me - thank you to everyone for posting to the general list.

One product I haven't seen mentioned is the Minolta RD-175. Does anyone
have experience with this camera, or know how it fits into the spectrum?
Does it use the JPEG compression that Dr. John Russ spoke about? Does
it
provide good color representation? I should mention that I want a
camera
that is not "tethered to the computer".

Thanks again for your help,

Karen

--
Karen Zaruba
kszaruba-at-mmm.com
3M Company, St. Paul, MN 55144
"Opinions above are my own, not necessarily my employer's"




From: Richard Fonda
Date: Thursday, December 11, 1997 9:46AM
Subject: TEM GaAs prep

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Message-Id: {199712111640.AA16222-at-gateway.ppg.com}
Micro {microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com}


The absolute best, fastest, and cheapest way to prepare non-site specific
cross section samples with this type and thickness of metallization on GaAs
is with the small angle cleavage technique. There is a detailed pictorial
outline of the technique in the MRS Specimen Prep for TEM of Materials IV,
Vol 480 that just came out. The authors are myself and John McCaffrey who
developed the technique and has several pubs out on it. The technique
requires very little in terms of equipment that is not usually found in a
lab. Southbay Technology is selling a starter kit that has all the required
supplies. I can typically prepare about 9 samples in about an hour and
exchange and examine a sample within about 5 minutes to see if it is good.
A big advantage to this method is that there is no need to worry about
contamination of the sample. I've used this on GaAs and other materials and
examined the samples in field emission microscopes with no problems. I do
use electronic grade acetone and double rinse them.

For the plan view samples, you will have to dimple and ion mill because of
the metallization. Don't forget to protect the good side from ion sputtered
material.


If you didn't have the coating and just wanted to make plan view samples
from the GaAs, I'd recommend chemically polishing the GaAs from the backside
after mechanically thinning to about 100 um to make the plan view samples.
Peter Goodhew showed me an inexpensive way to do this. I think that the
solution used was 5% bromine in ethyl alcohol (it might have been methanol)
which was dripped onto the sample from a burette. The sample was low
temperature waxed to a coverslip slide that was put onto a Teflon pedestal
with a small amount of vacuum grease mounted in a plastic cup. The grease
was not exposed to the solution because it was in the middle of the
coverslip and far from the edges. The cup was tilted at an angle of about
30 degrees and was rotating with the use of a small DC motor. A
stereomicroscope was used to help determine when the sample was perforated.


You could use this method instead of dimpling if you stopped the process
before perforation and then continued the thinning process with ion milling.
The disadvantage is that you will not know the thickness left to ion mill.

I hope this helps.

-Scott Walck

Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of S.D. Walck and not of PPG Industries,
Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."


----------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Dear all,

A coworker needs to prepare plan view and cross sectional TEM samples of
metal thin films (30-500 angstroms) on GaAs. Any suggestions on the best
sample prep for this type of material? TIA

Dick Fonda

_____________________________________________________________
Richard W. Fonda Naval Research Laboratory
(202) 767-2622 Code 6324
(202) 767-2623 fax Washington DC 20375
_____________________________________________________________







From: Caroline Schooley :      schooley-at-mcn.org
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 08:51:40 -0800
Subject: Microscopy education

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Sorry, folks; the schedule that I posted last week has been changed. CS
} ************************************************************************
} Dear Friends and Associates,
} Sorry for the incovenience but Discovery Channel has preempted
} Movie Magic for this week. It will air the following week (see below).
} Discovery Channel's documentary series, "Movie Magic", is airing a
} segment called "Far Out Creatures" that features special effects used in
} the making of science fiction films (Alien Resurrection and Starship
} Troopers). Part of the 1/2 hour segment will include a short interview
} with me and some of my "MicroAliens". I thought this might be of
} interest to you.
}
} The segment will run:
} December 18, 1997 9:30 - 10:00 PM - West Coast Time (PST)
} December 19, 1997 1:30 - 2:00 AM - West Coast Time (PST)
} December 20, 1997 2:00 - 2:30 PM - West Coast Time (PST)
}
} Please check your local listing for the time of Movie Magic on the
} Discovery Channel (or check their website schedule at
} www.discovery.com/diginets/discovery/discovery.html).
}
} Best Regards, Dennis Kunkel
}
} ***********************************************
} * Dennis Kunkel Ph.D. *
} * Pacific Biomedical Research Center *
} * University of Hawaii *
} * *
} * email - kunkel-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
} * www - http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/~kunkel/ *
} ***********************************************


Caroline Schooley
Educational Outreach Coordinator
Microscopy Society of America
Box 117, 45301 Caspar Point Road
Caspar, CA 95420
Phone/FAX (707)964-9460
Project MICRO: http://www.MSA.microscopy.com/ProjectMICRO/Books.html
Intertidal invertebrates: http://www.fortbragg.k12.ca.us/AG/PCI/






From: PECZ Bela :      pecz-at-falcon.mufi.hu
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 18:18:02 +0100
Subject: Re: TEM GaAs prep

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

At 09:46 AM 12/11/97 +1500, you wrote:

} Dear all,
}
} A coworker needs to prepare plan view and cross sectional TEM samples of
} metal thin films (30-500 angstroms) on GaAs. Any suggestions on the best
} sample prep for this type of material? TIA
}
} Dick Fonda

Ion milling of course. Bela Pecz
11th Dec. 1997
-----------------------------------------
Dr. Bela Pecz
Research Institute for Technical Physics
H-1325 Budapest, POBox 76
Hungary
phone: 36-1-2332 865
fax: 36-1-2332-794
E-Mail: pecz-at-mufi.hu
-----------------------------------------





From: R-Brooks Corl [SMTP:CORLB-at-cliffy.polaroid.com]
Date: 12/11/97 12:40 PM
Subject: Re[2]: digital camera (PDC-2000: Tethered vs. Untethered)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Right, prices seem to be dropping. I recently visited one web site =
advertising the PDC-2000 for ~$2500 only to visit again a few weeks =
later to see it reduced to ~$1600. I haven't seen a comensurate price =
drop in the DMC 2000 but that is probably because I haven't recieved a =
recent quote. =20
Kevin Brent Smith
University of Louisville Biology Dept.


-----Original Message-----

The PDC 2000/40 has a new(45 days old) list price of $1699 and the
PDC/2000/60 has a list price of $1999. There has not been a price
reduction on the DMC as of yet.

John D. Warren
Area Sales Manager
Digital Products
Polaroid Corporation "See What Develops"
4525 Leonard Parkway
Richmond, Virginia 23221-1809
804 254 1011
804 254 1013 Fax
warrenj1-at-polaroid.com




______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

Right, prices seem to be dropping. I recently visited one web site advertising
the PDC-2000 for ~$2500 only to visit again a few weeks later to see it reduced
to ~$1600. I haven't seen a comensurate price drop in the DMC 2000 but that is
probably because I haven't recieved a recent quote.
Kevin Brent Smith
University of Louisville Biology Dept.


-----Original Message-----


For the record, the Polaroid PDC-2000 is available for use either "tethered" or
"untethered", the latter with onboard storage for 40 or 60 images depending on
the model. You will then need to connect to the computer to download your
images, though. Price of the PDC-2000 is now under $2K for all models.

Hope this helps your information gathering process. For more, get back to me or
check www.polaroid.com

Brooks Corl
Senior Application Manager
POLAROID CORPORATION
corlb-at-polaroid.com





From: Ritchie Sims :      r.sims-at-auckland.ac.nz
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 09:01:07 GMT+1200
Subject: Re: Immuno-Microscopy listserver/ Propriety

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


} Jim,
} Don't be so childish. If your company had the gumption and interest to
} support the profession you serve, perhaps you would have had the insight
} to establish such a site as Steven has.
} Ronnie Houston
} Dallas, TX

Fair comment, but as one who visits it occasionally,
I'd like to point out that Jim does host an interesting and useful
website.

Ritchie

Ritchie Sims phone: 64 9 3737599 ext 7713
Department of Geology fax: 64 9 3737435
University of Auckland
Private Bag 92019
Auckland
New Zealand




From: Goodhouse, Joseph :      jgoodhouse-at-molbio.Princeton.EDU
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 15:11:28 -0500
Subject: Poor Bio-rad MRC600 Images

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Tom Phillips wrote,
I am having a problem with my Bio-Rad MRC-600 and I was wondering if
any
other users have had a similar one. On the Normal scan speed, I have a
very consistent "vibration" in the image in which each horizontal line on
the monitor are slightly zig-zagged.

This problem can be caused by 2 problems, and I have experienced
both. One is laser instability, and the second is dirty contacts between
the detector and the digitizer. I suspect that your problem is the later
from what you describe. To fix it remove the front panel of the scan head
and disconnect the 9 pin connect coming from the detectors. They are
located on the left side of the box, if the scan head is on an upright
scope. They are the same as the cable running from the scan head to the
computer scan card. Remove them and clean the pins with an eraser to remove
the carbon build up that occurs, and then blow out the dust. Electrical
contact cleaner or small amount of methanol or acetone should work as well.
I do this on a semi-annual basis. If this appears at the 1 second scan
speed it will eventually show up in the slow, 4 second scan speed.

Joe Goodhouse
Confocal Core Facility
Molecular Biology
Princeton University

jgoodhouse-at-molecular.princeton.edu
609-258-5432




From: Karen Rethoret :      rethoret-at-yorku.ca
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 15:33:39 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Video Capture, GATAN camera for TEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


We have a Gatan wide-angle CCD camera with digital processor for EM201 and
have been asked to set up an image capture, processing and archiving
computer system. I know there are several expensive packages out there
but feel that since this is a standard TV signal, 640x480, there should be
some effective products,(i.e. All-In-Wonder from ATI) that work together
and are available from computer shops.

Does anyone have a similar system set up already (not necessarily for TEM)
that uses universal file formats and hardware connections?

I would appreciate any feedback - Thanks!

Karen Rethoret
York University, Toronto
416-736-2100 x33289





From: dalbey-at-biology.ucsc.edu (Mike Dalbey)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 14:17:20 -0700
Subject: LM free coverglasses avail.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I have access to a LARGE number (ie several cases) of microscope cover
glasses that I would send to anyone willing to pay the cost of shipping.

These cover glasses are #1 and are 24 mm X 60 mm (not what I call a
standard size). They are "Bioloid" Brand from Will Corp. Rochester, N. Y.
The packaging says "uniform quality non-corrosive".

For further info. contact Mike Dalbey

dalbey-at-biology.ucsc.edu






From: joenss-at-ccmailx.nissei.com (Steve Joens)
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 09:02:17 -0600
Subject: Unsubscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

--part0_881875914_boundary
Content-ID: {0_881875914-at-inet_out.mail.aol.com.1}
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII


--part0_881875914_boundary
Content-ID: {0_881875914-at-inet_out.mail.aol.com.2}
Content-type: message/rfc822
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Content-disposition: inline

Return-Path: {Microscopy-request-at-sparc5.microscopy.com}
Received: from relay08.mail.aol.com (relay08.mail.aol.com [172.31.109.8]) by
air13.mail.aol.com (v36.0) with SMTP; Thu, 11 Dec 1997 00:34:53 -0500
Received: from Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (sparc5.microscopy.com [206.69.208.10])
by relay08.mail.aol.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/AOL-4.0.0)
with SMTP id QAA17813;
Tue, 9 Dec 1997 16:47:56 -0500 (EST)
Received: (from daemon-at-localhost) by Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (8.6.11/8.6.11) id
LAA13871 for dist-Microscopy; Tue, 9 Dec 1997 11:26:35 -0600
Received: from mail-oak-2.pilot.net (mail-oak-2.pilot.net [198.232.147.17]) by
Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (8.6.11/8.6.11) with ESMTP id LAA13868 for
{microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com} ; Tue, 9 Dec 1997 11:26:32 -0600
Received: from ns.nissei.com (mail.nissei.com [198.70.112.150]) by
mail-oak-2.pilot.net with ESMTP id JAA19369 for
{microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com} ; Tue, 9 Dec 1997 09:39:37 -0800
(PST)
Received: from ccmailx.nissei.com ([137.168.173.249]) by ns.nissei.com
(Netscape Mail Server v1.1) with SMTP id AAB11689
for {microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com} ;
Tue, 9 Dec 1997 09:24:03 -0700
Received: from ccMail by ccmailx.nissei.com
(IMA Internet Exchange 2.02 Enterprise) id 48D82E50; Tue, 9 Dec 97 11:41:57
-0600




Listserver,

Please Unsubscribe.

SJ


--part0_881875914_boundary--




From: joenss-at-ccmailx.nissei.com (Steve Joens)
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 09:02:17 -0600
Subject: Unsubscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

--part0_881875930_boundary
Content-ID: {0_881875930-at-inet_out.mail.aol.com.1}
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII

Same goes for me, riog...

--part0_881875930_boundary
Content-ID: {0_881875930-at-inet_out.mail.aol.com.2}
Content-type: message/rfc822
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Content-disposition: inline

Return-Path: {Microscopy-request-at-sparc5.microscopy.com}
Received: from relay08.mail.aol.com (relay08.mail.aol.com [172.31.109.8]) by
air13.mail.aol.com (v36.0) with SMTP; Thu, 11 Dec 1997 00:34:53 -0500
Received: from Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (sparc5.microscopy.com [206.69.208.10])
by relay08.mail.aol.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/AOL-4.0.0)
with SMTP id QAA17813;
Tue, 9 Dec 1997 16:47:56 -0500 (EST)
Received: (from daemon-at-localhost) by Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (8.6.11/8.6.11) id
LAA13871 for dist-Microscopy; Tue, 9 Dec 1997 11:26:35 -0600
Received: from mail-oak-2.pilot.net (mail-oak-2.pilot.net [198.232.147.17]) by
Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (8.6.11/8.6.11) with ESMTP id LAA13868 for
{microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com} ; Tue, 9 Dec 1997 11:26:32 -0600
Received: from ns.nissei.com (mail.nissei.com [198.70.112.150]) by
mail-oak-2.pilot.net with ESMTP id JAA19369 for
{microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com} ; Tue, 9 Dec 1997 09:39:37 -0800
(PST)
Received: from ccmailx.nissei.com ([137.168.173.249]) by ns.nissei.com
(Netscape Mail Server v1.1) with SMTP id AAB11689
for {microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com} ;
Tue, 9 Dec 1997 09:24:03 -0700
Received: from ccMail by ccmailx.nissei.com
(IMA Internet Exchange 2.02 Enterprise) id 48D82E50; Tue, 9 Dec 97 11:41:57
-0600




Listserver,

Please Unsubscribe.

SJ


--part0_881875930_boundary--




From: South Bay Technology :      Henriks-at-CompuServe.COM
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 17:41:19 -0500
Subject: TEM of Diamond

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Adam:

There is an excellent paper that I would be pleased to send you a copy of=

which deals with ion milling of hard coatings. The paper is:

"Transmission Electron Microscopy Characterization of Hard Coatings and
Films; Sample Preparation Aspects and Results" G. Radnoczi, Arpad Barna
Research Institute of Technical Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. =

Surface and Coatings Technology, vol 80 (1996) pp 89-95.

This paper deals with several materials such as: =


10u diamond film on silicon
mechanically alloyed Al-Cu Powder
SiC fibers in plastic
SiC/Si
TiN/Si

All of the work was done with an IV3 Research Grade Ion Milling System
which is offered by South Bay Technology. Therefore, I do have a financi=
al
interest in this posting. Nonetheless, it is a very good paper. I also
have several other papers by Dr. Barna et al which deal specifically with=

ion milling difficult materials. I think they would be valuable refernce=

materials for any TEM sample preparation lab.

I hope this helps!

Best regards-

David =

Writing at 8:36:47 AM on 12/11/97
=

*************************************************************************=
**
************************

David Henriks TEL: =

800-728-2233 (toll free in the USA)
South Bay Technology, Inc. +1-714-492-2600
1120 Via Callejon FAX: +1-714-492-1499=

San Clemente, CA 92673 USA e-mail: henriks-at-southbaytech.com=


*************************************************************************=
**
************************

} } } } } Please visit us at http://www.southbaytech.com { { { { {

Manufacturers of precision sample preparation equipment and supplies for
metallography, crystallography and electron microscopy.

Message text written by Adam Papworth
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------=

The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America =


Please could somebody help me.

I am trying to make a TEM specimen of Diamond,
I have a Gatan PIPS at my disposal, but to use it my Diamond wafer
has to be less than 100 microns thick. At the it is 1mm thick.
Any suggestions on how to thin the Diamond wafer?
The Diamond is actually poly-crystaline CVD

Thank you in advance
Adam
Dr Adam Papworth
Dept Materials science & Engineering
Ashton Building
The University of Liverpool
L69 3BX

Phone No 0151 794 5372
Fax No 0151 794 4675
E-Mail adamp-at-liv.ac.uk
{




From: Kenneth Converse :      qualityimages-at-netrax.net
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 20:47:25 -0800
Subject: Re: EM Filament assembly cleaning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

SOBOCIG wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} In short, I would like to inquire as to the methods and chemicals that people
} are using for cleaning their filament assemblys on their electron microscopes.
} Especially the final step.
}
} When changing our filament for our TEMs, we have in the past cleaned any
} tarnish or deposits from the filament assembly pieces using a mild polish, then
} sonicated the parts in a detergergent solution, followed by water rinses,
} sonication in a few rinses of ETOH, then finally sonication in a freon-based
} ultra-precision cleaning solution. (The used freon solution is dumped into its
} own waste bottle.)
}
} We are considering changing this process (especially in consideration of the
} availability and disposal of the freon solution) and are wondering what other
} labs use for cleaning their filament assemblys thoroughly. We are especially
} interested in the final cleaning step (removing any leftover residues).
}
} Thank you for your input. Don't be afraid to be brief.
}
} Gregg Sobocinski
} Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research
} Ann Arbor, Michigan
} USA
} Sobocig-at-aa.wl.com


Gregg
I use this procedure on SEM gun parts, apertures, aperture strips and
any other critical parts:
1.) Clean with 1u diamond paste. Chuck Garber tells me that his has no
silicones, unlike the metalographic pastes. I don't know for certain,
but it works fine and he has the best price. I do third party service
and an 18 gram syringe lasts me for years.

2.) Clean (ultrasonic) with Joy dishwashiing liquid and hot water. I
understand that the Proctor & Gamble labs clean their critical AAU parts
in this and find no detectable residue (-at- ppm or better levels).

3.) Rinse under hot tap water to remove all detergent residue (cold tap
water has also always worked for me when that is all that is
available).)

4.) If available, rinse with distilled water or DI water. If not
avaliable, don't worry because I"ve never had any trouble finishing with
tap water.

5.) Blow dry to avoid drying residue, especially in critical areas
(wehnelt opening, anode opening, etc.). This IS important!

I'm going to get spammed on the use of water, but the reasoning is as
follows: All organic solvents come in contact with plastics of various
types, most of which contain plasticizers. Plasticizers will and
definitely do contaminate e-beam columns. They're a lot like Apiezon
grease. Keep them out of your vacuum system. Water will not
polymerize, will not contaminate and will not stay in your vacuum
system. It may take some time to pump it out, but when it's gone, it's
gone and there is no trace of it left on your apertures, baffles and
other critical parts. It is non-toxic (at least so far), it is
non-flammable, it is readily available and it is cheap. The only
negative effect that I've seen is the temporary increase in total
pressure in the vacuum system.
Before you anti-water people get wound up, have you ever put a resudual
gas analyzer on your microscope? Try it and I guarantee, even with a
turbo pump, you'll have at least 90% water. If you're using a diffusion
pump you will have 97% or better water in your vacuum system (assuming
that it's not leaking). That's why I don't worry about water. For
those who are using cryopumps, I'll cry "uncle" (but how do you put up
with the vibrations?).

Ken Converse
owner
Quality Images
3rd party SEM service




From: Kenneth Converse :      qualityimages-at-netrax.net
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 21:50:37 -0800
Subject: Re: Cooling water problems

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dennis Collins wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Subject: Time:5:39 PM
} OFFICE MEMO RE} Cooling water problems Date:12/10/97
}
} Hans Brinkies wrote,
} "I am still using an old ETEC Autoscan (SEM, vintage 1973). It is
} still working well after more than 12 000 hrs of usage and usually we
} get the results that we want.
}
} "However, a calcium containing deposit has been forming
} in the cooling water supply (in Cu tubes, in cooling coils around
} diff.pump, in heat sinks, ect). The microscope was donated to us
} several years ago but was not connected for the last 18 months
} to the recirculating water system in our laboratory ( we are using
} filtered tap water). The water flow has now been reduced drastically
} over the last few weeks and I fear that the 'pipes' may eventually
} totally block up.
}
} "What is the best (and safe) way to reduce or remove this deposit.
} Back-flashing was only partially successful.
}
} "Any suggestion ?
}
} "Thank You
}
} "Hans Brinkies
} SWINBURNE, University of Technology
} School of Engineering and Science
} Electron Microscopy Laboratory
} HAWTHORN, 3122, Australia"
} ****************************************
} Hans,
} The same problem occurs in lots of water-cooled, high power equipment such
} as vacuum tube amplifiers, x-ray tubes, and particle accelerators.
} For components with copper cooling water passages we use only low
} conductivity water (min of 750K-ohm-cm: 1 Megohm-cm is better) in a
} closed-loop cooling system. Even then deposits will accumulate.
} We use water flow switches to ensure at least a minimum water flow in
} sensitive equipment, and try to keep an eye on the pressure drop across each
} water cooling circuit, back-flushing with a dilute solution of Sulfamic acid
} when we see a clear rise in the pressure drop at the required flow.
} Hope this helps keep your ETEC Autoscan running.
} Dennis Collins
} DGCollins-at-lbl.gov

Hans

Some how I didn't get the original message and don't have your e-mail
address and so can't reply directly, but here goes:

How much flow can you get? The system only needs 4 to 6 gallons/hour
but you should be able to get more than 10 gph at 20 psi and a good deal
more at higher pressures. You may be able to do an acid flush on the
whole thing but I would only flush the whole thing if the problem isn't
localized.
The ETEC is fairly easy to trouble-shoot in the plumbing area and you
should find where your blockages are, first. They can be most anywhere,
but start with the DP, the nylon "J" tube following and the 1/4" copper
tubing from there to "water out". Also, sometimes it is only the
fittings, not the tubing, so just replace them.
Most likely the DP is plugging up. Remove the DP from the system.
Remove the 1/4" PolyFlo x 1/8 mpt elbow from the outlet end and scoop
out as much muck as you can. Try water or air (at 60 - 100 psi) from
the top. If the flow remains restricted, pass some HCl (10%-30%)
through under low pressure, about a 1 to 2 foot head, and be careful of
the splatters. Follow with water and repeat if needed.
If the nylon "J" tube is the problem, you can try and clean it or just
replace it. Polyethylene tubing is not recommended here due to the high
temperatures, but can be used in a pinch. Either type of tubing can be
bent in boiling water, then cooled to form a permanent "J".
If the copper tubing between the nylon tubing and the outlet is
plugged, replace it with 1/4" refrigeration tubing.
Once you get your system cleaned out, periodically flush it. The
easiest way is to turn off the water, disconnect the "water in", and
attach the "air" to the "water in" to blow out the lines. Reconnect the
lines correctly and run the water at as high a pressure as you can.
Repeat this until the lines run clear. AFter you get familiar with
this, you won't even bother to turn the DP off because it can be done so
quickly.

Ken Converse
owner
Quality Images
3rd party SEM service
(ETECs are our specialty)




From: Steve Chapman :      PROTRAIN-at-CompuServe.COM (by way of Nestor J. Zaluzec)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 23:26:08 -0600
Subject: EM Cleaning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Back on the old subject again!

Just an update from an electron microscopist who as a service engineer has
probably cleaned more electron guns round the world than very many others.

As many will know I have been involved with the maintenance of electron
microscopes for 33 years. Firstly as a service engineer and then through
my own training organisation where we train both operators and service
engineers. We run regular maintenance courses around the world when we get
a good idea of which cleaning materials and solvents are available.

Once again I have been watching the discussions with interest to see if
there were many holes in the cleaning explanations. That said may I toss
in my few pennies (cents) worth?

TUNGSTEN Gun Systems

The cathode assembly should be cleaned every filament change, the anode
every other change and the electron gun at least once a year.

Materials - Almost any metal polish of less than 1 micron may be used to
clean electron gun components however it must not be LONG LIFE. Long life
additives coat the cleaned item with a polymer that causes chaos in the
electron gun. Look out for any indication on the bottle or tube that the
manufacturer is claiming that you will not need to clean the metalwork so
often after using their product!

Method - Almost more important than the cleaning efficiency is our ability
to completely remove the polishing media. So many service call outs are
due to problems caused through inefficient removal of the media. For this
reason it makes sense to use a metal polish that is easily removed by a
solvent for tungsten. In this way we not only remove the metal polish but
also clean the areas that are difficult to approach with the polish, nooks
and crannies! Also very important is the need to clean without damaging
the component, scratching it or placing cotton hairs within the "traps"
that the manufacturers seem to put in our way. The best cleaning technique
is a wet clean, that is to use solutions and an ultrasonic cleaner. In
this way the damage that mechanical forces apply to the components are
minimised. Sure the cathode aperture may need a little more encouragement
to give up its deposit but only do this if the wet cleaning procedure falls
short. We like "Silvo" or "Bluebell" or "Brasso", liquid metal polishes
that will mix with a dilute ammonia solution to form a cleaning media, but
a solution that may be removed with further washes in dilute ammonia. The
mix - 10% metal polish in 90% ammonia solution - where the solution is 10%
ammonium hydroxide in water. Place the components, one at a time, in the
solution with their least important face down wards. Never put gun
components together in the solution as they will damage each other. Do not
put an aluminium cathode in ammonia as it will go black, oxide! After 20
minutes in an ultrasonic the component should be clean, wash off in running
water and run for another 5 minutes in straight 10% ammonium hydroxide in
water. Swill off with running water and then wash in alcohol and dry.
NEVER throw away your solutions until you have reassembled the cathode as
it is quite possible for the small screws to have fallen out and to reside
in the debris at the base of one of the cleaning containers. If you do
have a deposit remaining in the aperture area of the cathode a little
mechanical effort with the cleaning media may be required,

The gun chamber IS important and this should be cleaned through disassembly
once a year, particularly with a TEM. Dirty guns hold gas and induce micro
discharge which spoils images. Clean the gun chamber with metal polish,
remove the metal polish with dilute ammonia and buff up the walls with a
clean chamois or dear skin leather. To retain the cleanlyness of the
chamber, each time you change a filament buff up the walls with the
leather. If the chamber smells, oily-ozone smell, but is not visibly
stained, this is the result of discharge and all traces of the smell should
be removed with dilute ammonia.

Look after your gun, it is probably the dirtiest area of the microscope,
other than the specimen area in a SEM or the camera chamber in a TEM, its
state will determine the ultimate performance of the instrument (high
voltage stability) and your filament life.

LANTHANOM HEXABORIDE

Technique developed by ANU Electron Microscopy Unit Canberra

Clean the cathode with 25% hydrochloric acid in water by immersing for 60
seconds and then cleaning with a weak alkaline (ammonia or sodium
hydroxide). Wash with water and then alcohol before drying.

LaB6 sources should last a long time (1000 hours plus) but they do need an
intermediate cleaning session about every 250 to 350 hours. Some people
amaze us by getting away with 1100 hours without cleaning but this is the
exception not the rule.

Good luck!

Steve Chapman, Senior Consultant, Protrain, Oxford ,UK
Tel & Fax +44 (0) 1844 353 161
web page - http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/protrain






From: Brad Storey :      bstorey-at-awmailhost.anlw.anl.gov
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 23:24:42 -0600
Subject: TEM Heating Stages

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I about to purchase a double tilt heating stage (~1000=83C) and would like
any suggestions or critics of Oxford vs Gatan (or any others). This
would be for use in a JEOL 2010 with +_ 30=83 of tilt in both the x and y.
In particular I would like info regarding temperature stability and
accuracy, TEM sample stability, extra EDS signals, "smoothness" of
tilting, durability of the holder, sample thickness limitations of the
holder, etc. I know I could get info from the vendors but they sem to
think they are perfect and the others are substandard.
Thanks in advance

Brad Storey
Materials Scientist
Argonne National Lab - West
P.O. Box 2528
Idaho Falls, ID 83403
Ph. 208-533-7685 (office)
Ph. 208-533-7439 (lab)
=46ax 208-533-7683
=05brad.storey-at-anl.gov






From: Jacob Bastacky :      sjbastacky-at-lbl.gov
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 21:40:07 -0800
Subject: LaserMaster1800dpi B&W Printer query

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We're looking for a "highest-resolution at low-cost" laser printer for SEM
micrographs. LaserMaster has an 1800 dpi printer at about 5-10 cents per
page. Experience/suggestions appreciated.

JB

Jacob Bastacky, MD
Room 116 Donner
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory EMail: sjbastacky-at-lbl.gov
University of California Telephone: 510.486.4606
Berkeley, California 94720 FAX: 510.486.4750






From: Vimonwan Nakiem :      vimonwan-at-buu.ac.th
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 13:04:42 +0700 (GMT)
Subject: Skin frog

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear sir,
I'm read your home page and known your address on it.My name is
Ms.Vimonwan from Faculty of Public Health,Burapha University.I'm Anatomist
and lecturer.I'm beginning study about skin Thai frog and I hope to know about
processed some skin frog for TEM,SEM? Because skin frog have thinkness of
mucous layer.I don't know" How to wash -out ?"
What is the best fixative to keep it? How long!
If you don't mine,please introduce me about that and name of text book to
improove my work.Area of skin on thumb in male frog and behind axilla in
female frog. I will to comparative in this area in during breeding season
and non-breeding. Thank you very much for your kindness.
Finally,I'm looking forward to hearing from your soon.
Yours sincerely,
Ms.Vimonwan

My address: Ms.Vimonwan Nakiem
Faculty of Public Health,
Burapha University,
Chonburi 20131 THAILAND





From: labsoft :      labsoft-at-labsoft.com.pl
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 08:36:46 +0100
Subject: Old Ion Getter Pumps...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

To jest wieloczjciowa wiadomof w formacie MIME.

------=_NextPart_000_01BD06D9.1534E5A0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-2
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Hello All
I would appreciate suggestions to following matter:
in } 5 years old TEM microscope (particularly CM-20 Philips, with Riber IGP)
the ion getter pump is getting old
and the pumping times increase(specially after admitting air) - for many
reasons I am aware of, but one of them is erosion of Ti electrodes inside
IGP.
1) When would You decide to exchange the pump body - what level of decrease
in performance ?
2) Did You exchanged allready by Yr machine the IGP pump ? - if yes - after
what period of operation, and what were the symptoms ?
Thanks in advance for any info from experience and practice.

regards
Krzysztof M. Herman
LabSoft S.c. 05-500 Piaseczno, ul. Kosciuszki 21, Polska
tel/fx: (48 22) 7502024, 7502028, 757067,
mobile: (48 90) 213438, (48 90)299748
fax: (48 22) 483787, Email: labsoft-at-labsoft.com.pl
zapraszamy do http://www.labsoft.com.pl/
------=_NextPart_000_01BD06D9.1534E5A0
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-2
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
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------=_NextPart_000_01BD06D9.1534E5A0--





From: S.Sajip-at-LIVERPOOL.AC.UK
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 1997 11:23:42 +0000
Subject: RE: Stainless steels etchant

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi,

Does anyone know a good etchant for type 409 stainless steels?

Thanks,

Su

(e-mail - suziesu-at-liverpool.ac.uk )




From: Jim Darley :      jim-at-proscitech.com.au
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 23:07:12 +1100
Subject: Re: Immuno-Microscopy listserver/ Propriety

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Ronnie:
Are you indifferent to know who wrote and sponsored a research project?
Do you thing that in our society it is unimportant to know who recommends a
product?
Do you think its o.k. for a person with obvious commercial interests to
edit a
"Trade journal" without at least advising readers of those commercial
interests?

These things matter a good deal, otherwise the big buck will rule all and
not just most things.
"Childish"? I have not been called that for some decades! I would, however,
advise that
ad hominem (against person rather then the argument) should not be used in
a professional forum.
"Had gumption"? Well, our online amounts to 11 megabytes. Over half of the
"pages"
are services like: MSDS, User Notes and Links. Tell me when you find a
better
catalogue, I love to learn.

Our catalogue is obviously a commercial site and its not masquerading as a
society's site.
Jim Darley

ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
Phone +61 77 740 370 Fax: +61 77 892 313
Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
************************ http://www.proscitech.com.au
----------
} Jim,
} Don't be so childish. If your company had the gumption and interest to
} support the profession you serve, perhaps you would have had the insight
} to establish such a site as Steven has.
} Ronnie Houston
} Dallas, TX

} Date: Friday, 12 December 1997 3:26
} Jim Darley wrote:
} }
} } Its fair and reasonable for Steven Slap to provide this information,
but
} } why does he not indicate that he is the editor of the suggested
histology site?

} } Sure his name appears on that site and his company is shown as a
sponsor (a
} } cheap form of advertising), but no connection is made and most visitors
} } would not realise that Steven Slap is the manager of the sponsoring
firm and
} } thus has a commercial interest: In essence it is a commercial site.
} } Predictable his company is the only consumable supplier company shown.
} } Nothing wrong with his sponsoring or editing such a page but visitors
to
} } the page and readers of this listserver are entitled to know not just
who
} } is sponsoring what but what commercial interests the editor has. Its
known
} } as propriety!
} } Jim Darley
} }
} } ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
} } PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
} } Phone +61 77 740 370 Fax: +61 77 892 313
} } Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
} } ************************ http://www.proscitech.com.au
} }
} } ----------
} } } From: Energy Beam Sciences, Inc. {ebs-at-ebsciences.com}
} } } Dear fellow microscopists,
} } }
} } } At 08:55 AM 12/10/97 +0100, Heinz Fehrenbach wrote:
} } } } can anyone of this newsgroup give me information about and
subscription
} } } } procedure to any related newsgroup ? In particular, I would
appreciate
} } } } to hear whether there is a special newsgroup discussing
} } immuno-histology,
} } } } -fluorescence, -blotting, and pathology subjects.
} } }
} } } There is an immunohistochemistry list, called ipox-l
} } }
} } } To subscribe, send a message to majordomo-at-pathology.stanford.edu and
} } write
} } } subscribe ipox-l in the body of the message. I believe that there is
} } also a
} } } pathology list, and instructions for this are available at "The
} } Histotech's
} } } Home Page" (http://www.histology.to)
} } }
} } } Best regards,
} } } Steven E. Slap
} } } ********************************
} } } Energy Beam Sciences, Inc.
} } } Adding Brilliance To Your Vision
} } } ebs-at-ebsciences.com
} } } http://www.ebsciences.com/
} } } ********************************






From: Wolfgang Muss :      W.Muss-at-lkasbg.gv.at
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 16:40:49 +-100
Subject: AW: Old Ion Getter Pumps...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


------ =_NextPart_000_01BD071C.BB9F4D20
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

To:

Krzysztof M. Herman =20
LabSoft S.c. 05-500 Piaseczno, ul. Kosciuszki 21, Polska
tel/fx: (48 22) 7502024, 7502028, 757067,=20
mobile: (48 90) 213438, (48 90)299748
fax: (48 22) 483787, Email: labsoft-at-labsoft.com.pl
zapraszamy do http://www.labsoft.com.pl/

Dear Krzysztof,
I don't know about your special type of Riber IPG; I have in my lab a =
LEYBOLD-HERAEUS IPG, which has been changed as a whole (Ti-netting) 2 =
times now (within 17 years of use). In addition, 2 times we could turn =
the Ti-nettings 180 degrees round (after cleaning). In the manuals =
provided by LEYBOLD for the IG-pump there was indicated a life-span of =
about 47.000 working hours, provided vacuum better than 1.0x 10 to the =
minus 6 mbar, and it was suggested that it was more economic to change =
the whole pump after those 47.000 hours of pumping. So I am convinced, =
you should have an instruction manual on the RIBER IG-pump too, provided =
by the TEM-dealer (Philips, or any else).
If you don#t get to a solution, try the following Compnay/+address for =
more information on re-building your particular IG-Pump:

DUNIWAY STOCKROOM CORP.
13?5 Space Park Way
MOUNTAIN VIEW, CA. 94043 USA
Phone: USA/650/969-8811
Fax: USA/650/965-0764
or visit their www-Site:

http://www.duniway.com
DIFFUSION PUMPS, ION PUMPS, NEW&USED EQUIPMENT, GASKETS, GAUGE TUBES & =
CONTROLLERS, REBUILDING SERVICES, FLANGES, OILS&GREASES, REPLACEMENT =
PARTS, MECHANICAL PUMPS, LEAK DETECTORS, SILVER PLATED BOLTS, TURBO =
PUMS.... Catalogue on request.

DISCLAIMER:

No commercial interest in products/product lines, company/-ies, if such =
names are mentioned or such are refered to. In this case I am only a =
catalogue holder.


Best regards and
Season's greetings,
Merry Christmas and calm holidays
Best wishes for a HAPPY, HEALTHY, SUCCESSFUL and PROSPEROUS NEW YEAR TO =
ALL of YOU


Wolfgang MUSS
Department of Pathology, LKA
EM-Laboratory
Muellner Hauptstrasse 48
A-5020 SALZBURG
AUSTRIA/Europe

phone: ++43++ 662 + 4482 + 4720 Ext
fax: ++43++ 662 + 4482 + 882 Ext.
e-mail: W.Muss-at-lkasbg.gv.at (note: "l" right to "-at-" is a small "L")






----------
Von: labsoft[SMTP:labsoft-at-labsoft.com.pl]
Gesendet: Freitag, 12. Dezember 1997 08:36
An: MSA Microscopy
Betreff: Old Ion Getter Pumps...

{ {Datei: ATT00004.txt} } { {Datei: ATT00005.htm} }

------ =_NextPart_000_01BD071C.BB9F4D20
Content-Type: application/ms-tnef
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
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------ =_NextPart_000_01BD071C.BB9F4D20--





From: Randy Tindall :      rtindell-at-NMSU.Edu
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 09:30:49 -0700
Subject: TEM/Carbon coated holey films

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

At 07:57 AM 12/12/97 +0200, you wrote:
} yes. i meant carbon coated holey films.
} Sara
}


Sara,

Here is a method I have used in the past. It's a hassle, believe me, but
it usually works. It also makes you realize why purchasing holey films
commercially costs so much---they're not easy to make.

1) If you can find it, purchase a product called "Victawet" (I believe
Electron Microscopy Sciences carries it). This comes in very small vials
and it lasts forever. It serves as a lubricant to release plastic films
from glass slides in the following steps.

2) Get some high quality glass microscope slides. We have found that Esco
brand slides work more reliably than any other kind. Don't know why. The
ones with one frosted end are useful for keeping orientation.

3)Polish these slides until they gleam and show NO contamination upon close
examination. Do this even if they are "precleaned".

4)Take a piece of Victawet about the size of a cooked grain of rice and put
it in a tungsten basket in a vacuum evaporator. Arrange as many CLEAN
glass slides around it facing the basket. A distance of several to many
centimeters is fine----i.e., distance is not too critical. It may be
possible to make a custom rack for this purpose out of plastic or
metal---the material used should not outgas too much.

5) Pump down the evaporator and when high vacuum has been reached, gently
increase current to the basket. At a certain point the victawet will start
to melt and you will see a fog developing on the slides. (If you use too
much current, the piece of victawet may jump out of the basket and you have
to start over, so be patient.) This "fog" is what you want. No need to
overdo it, a little bit will work fine.

6) Repeat Step 5 until you have as many slides as you need. Use a new
piece of victawet for each batch. Store these slides in a container for
later use, since they keep for a few weeks.

7) Get some formvar (some people use butvar) in 1,2 dichloroethane
(ethylene dichloride). 0.5% or 0.25% usually works. You can order 1% and
dilute it, too. Keep this solution in a dessicator. Water in the solution
causes problems, so only open it when necessary and for as brief a time as
possible. Pour this in a tube wide enough to hold a slide, to a depth just
short of the frosted end of the slide. (You can conserve formvar by using
a special tube with a constricted lower end. One product is called "Dip
Miser" and I think it's sold by Ted Pella. We had a special dipping tube
made by a glassblower from a regular glass cylinder fused with a very wide
constricted bottom.)

8) Cover the top of the tube with the formvar with something so that the
atmosphere inside becomes saturated with the evaporating dichloroethane.

9) Get a container big enough to hold water to a depth of several inches.
It should be 8-10 inches in diameter for comfortable working. Fill it to
the top with, preferably, double-distilled water.

10) Now you're ready. Take the victawet coated slides and polish them
again. They should feel slippery. Clean them until they gleam. Clip the
frosted end of the slide with something to hold it, like a paper clamp
attached to a piece of wire, and put it in the formvar solution in the
tube. Keep it there for about 5-10 seconds, then pull it up and let it
drain INSIDE THE TUBE. Only leave the top of the tube uncovered while
putting the slide in and taking it out, in order to keep the atmosphere
saturated. While the slide is draining, keep something over the tube
opening, allowing only enough opening for the wire. The length of time you
let the slide drain determines the final thickness of the formvar film.
Start at about 10 seconds. If you desire a thinner film, increase the
draining time up to about 15-20 seconds. (This is why the atmosphere must
remain saturated with dichloroethane inside the tube. If it is not, the
formvar just dries with draining properly.)

11) To make the holes, expose the slide to moisture IMMEDIATELY upon
removing the wet slide from the dipping tube. We would breathe on it, but
passing it quickly over a bath of steaming water might do the same thing.
The microdroplets of water in the steam or in your breath make the holes.
To repeat, this must be done IMMEDIATELY before the slide has time to begin
drying. This is also a good time for prayer, invocations to the ancestors,
luck rabbit's feet, and anything else you might find effective in appeasing
the gods of holey films.

12) Lean the coated slide up against something in a dust-free area to dry
for at least two minutes.

13) Back to the basin of water---take a clean laboratory tissue paper and
drag the surface of the water to rid it of oil and dust. You can also put
a drop of collodion in amyl acetate on the water, let it form a film, then
pick this up and discard it to clean the surface.

14) Take the slide and cut around the outside perimeter of the film with a
clean razor blade or scalpel. Then take the slide and, holding the frosted
end, SLOWLY dip it into the water. If all goes well, the victawet was
good, and you have been virtuous recently, the film will separate from the
slide and float on the surface of the water. (HINT: a friend of
mine---thanks, Steve---discovered that heating the water really helps in
releasing the film. Don't boil it, just warm it up.)

15) You can now take your clean TEM grids and place them carefully on the
floating film. When you have enough, take another CLEAN glass slide (no
need for victawet this time) and scoop the film up. This is tricky and
hard to describe: the idea is to catch the end of the slide on the end of
the floating film so that when the slide is pushed down into the water the
film will be pulled down with it and against it. When you finish, the
grids should be between the formvar film and the glass slide. Put it
somewhere dust free to dry. When dry, you place the slides in a vacuum
evaporator and coat them with 100-300 angstroms of carbon. Then, you can
GENTLY AND CAREFULLY push on the edge of the grid to pop it loose from the
film. At this point, you will hopefully have a carbon-coated holey film on
a grid, ready for use.

Alternatively, you can use a "domino rack", a piece of metal with small
holes in it and two bent ends that serve as legs (kind of like a little
bench with holes a few millimeters larger than TEM grids). These can be
purchased commercially, or made yourself if you can find the right kind of
metal with holes. When the film is floating on the water, before putting
the grids on it, slowly lower the CLEAN domino rack onto the film, which
will adhere to it by surface tension. Lift it out and put it in a dust
free place to dry. The result is formvar film covering a bunch of little
holes. The grids are later set upon these films by placing a drop of
double-distilled water on the film, placing the grid on the drop, and
letting it dry down. The film with grids can then be carbon-coated, or you
can coat the individual grids later.

I warned you. This is a good starting procedure and variations can be done
at several points, depending upon your circumstances. Things can go wrong
at any stage, affected by humidity especially. It's a frustrating
procedure and I would welcome any suggestions for making it easier, but it
does work if you're patient and willing to experiment a little. If you do
get a batch to work, I suggest making a whole bunch at once while luck is
with you. You may not be so fortunate next week.

Hope this helps. Let me know if you have any questions, and I'll try to
help more.

Randy


Randy Tindall
Electron Microscope Laboratory
Box 3EML
New Mexico State University
Las Cruces, NM 88003

rtindell-at-nmsu (work)
nrtindall-at-zianet.com (home)




From: Carolyn Emerson :      cemerson-at-morgan.ucs.mun.ca
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 14:29:40 -0330 (NST)
Subject: Photo of eye lash mite

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I've had a request from someone for information on the wee mites
- I think they're mites! - that lurk around our eyelashes. They
especially wanted to see a picture. Someone suggested that
Discover Magazine had published such a micrograph. I went through
a stack of back issues but missed any such article. Does anyone
know of a handy source of this information/photo? Thanks.

Carolyn J. Emerson
email: cemerson-at-plato.ucs.mun.ca

Biology Department
Memorial University
St. John's, NF A1B 3X9
Tel: (709) 737-7515
Fax: (709) 737-3018





From: tflore-at-lsumc.edu (Flores, Teresa)
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 13:23:50 -0600
Subject: Controls on Immunofluorescent techniques

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Fellow Histoneters,
I know that this has been discussed but obviously I need more imput. What
is everyone doing about using controls for immunofluorescent studies.
My understanding is that CAP dictates that a control must be run on each
antigen being used. Has CAP provided the source where we can "purchase"
these controls?
If a Positive Patient is used as a control, are we legally allowed to do
this without informing the Positive patient?
Please help! Teresa






From: MIKE ROCK :      merock-at-du.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 12:20:48 -0700 (MST)
Subject: Re: TEM Heating Stages

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Brad-
both holders are probably very well made, I have experience with the=20
Gatan double tilt, temp. controlled specimen holder, the temp control unit=
=20
was very accurate, the stability is somewhat compromised (compared to=20
standard double tilt holders), using the Be locknut and Hex ring reduces th=
e=20
chances for any unwanted signal, the vacuum on the liquid nitrogen vessel=
=20
needs "recharged" every year or so, the only problem I found (which has=20
probably been corrected by now) is with the precision of the tilt axis,=20
there was a very coarse tilt mechanism for the secondary tilt axis.
Ask yourself what you need from your tools, then look at each company's=20
spec.s, and haggle price!
-M. Rock

On Thu, 11 Dec 1997, Brad Storey wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
} =20
} I about to purchase a double tilt heating stage (~1000=83C) and would lik=
e
} any suggestions or critics of Oxford vs Gatan (or any others). This
} would be for use in a JEOL 2010 with +_ 30=83 of tilt in both the x and y=
.
} In particular I would like info regarding temperature stability and
} accuracy, TEM sample stability, extra EDS signals, "smoothness" of
} tilting, durability of the holder, sample thickness limitations of the
} holder, etc. I know I could get info from the vendors but they sem to
} think they are perfect and the others are substandard.
} Thanks in advance
} =20
} Brad Storey
} Materials Scientist
} Argonne National Lab - West
} P.O. Box 2528
} Idaho Falls, ID 83403
} Ph. 208-533-7685 (office)
} Ph. 208-533-7439 (lab)
} Fax 208-533-7683
} =05brad.storey-at-anl.gov
} =20
} =20
} =20




From: Lesley Suzanne Bechtold :      lsb-at-aretha.jax.org
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 15:35:14 -0500
Subject: Molecular Biology Workshops

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello,

I'm trying to find out if there are going to be any good short
courses or workshops on molecular biology techniques such as in situ
hybridization, apoptosis detection and so forth in the next few months. I
know that some companies run these courses as do societies and educational
institutions. Any information would be greatly appreciated!

Thanks in advance!!

Lesley Bechtold





From: Garry Burgess :      GBurgess-at-exchange.hsc.mb.ca
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 13:32:59 -0600
Subject: Wrinkles

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

To all those who wrote to me before with suggestions for curing my
wrinkle problems with semi-thin sections, I thank you, but the problem
still persists, after trying those suggestions.

But I only get the problem really with nerve longitudinal sections.
Could any technologists or scientists, or techno-scientists suggest any
other plastic other than Epon/Araldite or Spurr that might yield better
results, such as Epon or Araldite itself???

Wrinkled,
Garry




From: Warren Straszheim :      wesaia-at-iastate.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 13:31:50 -0600
Subject: Re: EDX: Connecting Kevex Delta to a PC.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Ray,
We recently retired our Delta system. Over the years we had troubles with
the monitor and tried finding anything else that would work with their video
signals. The scan rates are just unusual enough that other monitors can't
quite synchronize on the signal, and we tried a few.

I would suggest taking the image from the Kevex and transporting it to
another computer of your choice. Kevex had a package for converting images.
I wrote similar programs on my own which I would be happy to share.

One program converts IMS and FXM files already collected. A second program
grabs the graphic screen image and saves it to a file. It works best if you
have TSX+ available for running multiple programs at once.

Then there is the matter of shipping the files to a PC. The Kermit program
does okay and the Kevex can be attached to the ethernet, but that is not so
cheap a solution. Feel free to ask for more details.

At 08:43 AM 12/11/97 -0500, you wrote:

} Has anybody successfully hooked up the color display output from a Kevex
}
}
} Delta EDX to a personal computer running Windows; if so how did you do
} it? Our system uses an old DEC computer and an Electrohome monitor with
}
}
} individual RGB and separate horizontal and vertical sync connections. The
}
}
} only printer output is to a serial connected to an old OKI dot matrix
} printer.
}
} Thanks in advance.
}
} Ray Haythornthwaite
----------------------------------------------------
Warren E. Straszheim
23 Town Engineering
Iowa State University
Ames IA, 50011
Phone: 515-294-8187 FAX: 515-294-8216

E-Mail: wesaia-at-iastate.edu (or: wes-at-ameslab.gov)
http://www.marl.iastate.edu/marl/ (re: SEM)
http://www.public.iastate.edu/~iprt_info/cfce/ (re: coal)

electron microscopy, x-ray analysis, image analysis, computer applications





From: MIKE ROCK :      merock-at-du.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 13:31:04 -0700 (MST)
Subject: Re: Immuno-Microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Jim, Steven, et. al.-

Both web pages are very nice, I just subscribed to the IHC newsgroup,
and am looking forward to improving my IHC techniques. Everybody has some
kind of interest, don't get so paranoid, thanks for the info., drop the
argument.

-Mike Rock
no disclaimer, no affiliation, no stress

On Fri, 12 Dec 1997, Jim Darley wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Ronnie:
} Are you indifferent to know who wrote and sponsored a research project?
} Do you thing that in our society it is unimportant to know who recommends a
} product?
} Do you think its o.k. for a person with obvious commercial interests to
} edit a
} "Trade journal" without at least advising readers of those commercial
} interests?
}
} These things matter a good deal, otherwise the big buck will rule all and
} not just most things.
} "Childish"? I have not been called that for some decades! I would, however,
} advise that
} ad hominem (against person rather then the argument) should not be used in
} a professional forum.
} "Had gumption"? Well, our online amounts to 11 megabytes. Over half of the
} "pages"
} are services like: MSDS, User Notes and Links. Tell me when you find a
} better
} catalogue, I love to learn.
}
} Our catalogue is obviously a commercial site and its not masquerading as a
} society's site.
} Jim Darley
}
} ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
} PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
} Phone +61 77 740 370 Fax: +61 77 892 313
} Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
} ************************ http://www.proscitech.com.au
} ----------
} } Jim,
} } Don't be so childish. If your company had the gumption and interest to
} } support the profession you serve, perhaps you would have had the insight
} } to establish such a site as Steven has.
} } Ronnie Houston
} } Dallas, TX
}
} } Date: Friday, 12 December 1997 3:26
} } Jim Darley wrote:
} } }
} } } Its fair and reasonable for Steven Slap to provide this information,
} but
} } } why does he not indicate that he is the editor of the suggested
} histology site?
}
} } } Sure his name appears on that site and his company is shown as a
} sponsor (a
} } } cheap form of advertising), but no connection is made and most visitors
} } } would not realise that Steven Slap is the manager of the sponsoring
} firm and
} } } thus has a commercial interest: In essence it is a commercial site.
} } } Predictable his company is the only consumable supplier company shown.
} } } Nothing wrong with his sponsoring or editing such a page but visitors
} to
} } } the page and readers of this listserver are entitled to know not just
} who
} } } is sponsoring what but what commercial interests the editor has. Its
} known
} } } as propriety!
} } } Jim Darley
} } }
} } } ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
} } } PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
} } } Phone +61 77 740 370 Fax: +61 77 892 313
} } } Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
} } } ************************ http://www.proscitech.com.au
} } }
} } } ----------
} } } } From: Energy Beam Sciences, Inc. {ebs-at-ebsciences.com}
} } } } Dear fellow microscopists,
} } } }
} } } } At 08:55 AM 12/10/97 +0100, Heinz Fehrenbach wrote:
} } } } } can anyone of this newsgroup give me information about and
} subscription
} } } } } procedure to any related newsgroup ? In particular, I would
} appreciate
} } } } } to hear whether there is a special newsgroup discussing
} } } immuno-histology,
} } } } } -fluorescence, -blotting, and pathology subjects.
} } } }
} } } } There is an immunohistochemistry list, called ipox-l
} } } }
} } } } To subscribe, send a message to majordomo-at-pathology.stanford.edu and
} } } write
} } } } subscribe ipox-l in the body of the message. I believe that there is
} } } also a
} } } } pathology list, and instructions for this are available at "The
} } } Histotech's
} } } } Home Page" (http://www.histology.to)
} } } }
} } } } Best regards,
} } } } Steven E. Slap
} } } } ********************************
} } } } Energy Beam Sciences, Inc.
} } } } Adding Brilliance To Your Vision
} } } } ebs-at-ebsciences.com
} } } } http://www.ebsciences.com/
} } } } ********************************
}
}
}





From: Garry Burgess :      GBurgess-at-exchange.hsc.mb.ca
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 14:58:24 -0600
Subject: Blinding Headache

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This might be off-topic, but the news of a cure for my particularly
intense and troublesome headaches was so exciting for me, that I thought
I might as well share this with you folks, just in case there are some
of you in the lab there suffering needlessly.

Basically I just take 2 Aspirin, and 2 Extra strength Tylenol AT THE
SAME TIME. A doctor advised me that there was no problem in doing this,
(ie: no adverse effects) because the 2 drugs work differently. So,
whereas taking 4 aspirin would not be advised, you can fill in the extra
cracks of pain relief with the tylenol. I double checked this with my
pharmacist and she says that this is perfectly acceptable, and I'm not
doing anything dangerous here.

Anyway, this combination of pain kill completely - blowing your headache
into hyperspace, leaving you feel very comfortable.

Hope this helps,
Garry




From: Thane E. Benson, Ph.D., J.D. :      thane-at-epl.meei.harvard.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 15:57:52 -0500
Subject: Unsubscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Please unsubscribe thane-at-epl.meei.harvard.edu.
Thank you.




From: Augusto A. Morrone :      amorr-at-mse.ufl.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 18:10:23 -0500
Subject: TEM calibration standards

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Netters:

I need to calibrate the magnification in of a TEM for magnifications above
x100k, a range where the usual gratings standards are not so good. The
resolution of the TEM is not great, but sufficient to use lattice images of
asbestos fibers as a standard. However, I would appreciate to hear
suggestions on other suitable magnification standards that can be used under
diffraction contrast above x100k. Thank you for your help

Augusto
_________________________________________________________________________
Augusto A. Morrone 107D-MEL, P.O. Box 116400
MAIC Materials Science and Engineering
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611
(352) 392-1497 or 6985
Fax: (352) 392-0390
amorr-at-mse.ufl.edu





From: Augusto A. Morrone
Date: Friday, December 12, 1997 6:10PM
Subject: TEM calibration standards

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Augusto,
You need to get a hold of a MaG-I-Cal sample. This was recently written up
in the latest Microscopy Today by John McCaffrey. You can find them at
SouthBay Technology. It not only allows you to do a mag calibration, but a
rotation calibration and camera constant as well. It provides a mag
calibration from the lowest to the highest mag on the TEM. I've just
recently calibrated my TEM from 10kX to 500kX.
-Scott Walck

Scott D. Walck
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of S.D. Walck and not of PPG Industries,
Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."



----------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Dear Netters:

I need to calibrate the magnification in of a TEM for magnifications above
x100k, a range where the usual gratings standards are not so good. The
resolution of the TEM is not great, but sufficient to use lattice images of
asbestos fibers as a standard. However, I would appreciate to hear
suggestions on other suitable magnification standards that can be used under
diffraction contrast above x100k. Thank you for your help

Augusto
_________________________________________________________________________
Augusto A. Morrone 107D-MEL, P.O. Box 116400
MAIC Materials Science and Engineering
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611
(352) 392-1497 or 6985
Fax: (352) 392-0390
amorr-at-mse.ufl.edu






From: Murphy, Judy :      murphy-at-sjdccd.cc.ca.us
Date: 12 Dec 1997 16:26:25 -0800
Subject: RE: TEM calibration standards

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
"MSA" {microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com}
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP for Quarterdeck Mail; Version 4.0.0
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1"; Name="Message Body"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable



From: Murphy, Judy :      murphy-at-sjdccd.cc.ca.us
Date: 12 Dec 1997 16:26:25 -0800
Subject: RE: TEM calibration standards

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

Question
I need to calibrate the magnification in of a TEM for magnifications =
above x100k, a range where the usual gratings standards are not so good. =
The
resolution of the TEM is not great, but sufficient to use lattice images =
of
asbestos fibers as a standard. However, I would appreciate to hear
suggestions on other suitable magnification standards that can be used =
under
diffraction contrast above x100k.
Augusto A. Morrone 107D-MEL, P.O. Box 116400
MAIC Materials Science and Engineering
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611
(352) 392-1497 or 6985
Fax: (352) 392-0390
amorr-at-mse.ufl.edu

Response
There is now a TEM calibration standard that supposedly is good the =
entire range of mags on a TEM. I just got one but haven't had a chance =
to try it. We got ours from Ted Pella but other supply houses may have =
it

Judy Murphy
San Joaquin Delta College
Microscopy Technology Center
Stockton, CA




From: Ray Hicks :      rh208-at-cus.cam.ac.uk
Date: Sat, 13 Dec 1997 01:08:33 +0000
Subject: Re: Blinding Headache

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

X-Sender: rh208-at-pop.cus.cam.ac.uk
Message-Id: {l03110700b0b78e51e900-at-[131.111.80.78]}
In-Reply-To:
{c=CA%a=_%p=Health_Sciences_%l=POSTOFFICE-971212205824Z-31527-at-postoffice.h
sc.mb.ca}
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

Hi Garry,

some of us in the lab here are thanking you endlessly for this combination
of pain kill completely - blowing our headache into hyperspace, leaving
us feel very comfortable, but what do you thinking to mixingly paracetamol
with acetyl salicylic acid ? Or evenly taking more paracetamol/tylenol:
does your pharmacist thinking this might hit you liverishly, or
grammatically?


Ray


ps for research purposes only, at which pint (sic) in your letter did you
take the combination?


At 14:58 -0600 12/12/97, Garry Burgess wrote:
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America


Ray Hicks
________________________________________________________________________
|University of Cambridge |Tel 01223 330149 |
|Department of Medicine |Fax 01223 336846 |
|Level 5, Addenbrookes Hospital |e-mail {rh208-at-cus.cam.ac.uk} |
|Hills Road Cambridge |Web http://facsmac.med.cam.ac.uk |
|CB2 |ftp server ftp://131.111.80.78 |
|UK | |
|_________________________________|_____________________________________|






From: Randy Tindall :      rtindell-at-NMSU.Edu
Date: Sat, 13 Dec 1997 01:26:56 -0700
Subject: TEM/Carbon coated holey films

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi,

Just a note to clarify a recent posting: I learned the technique I posted
for making holey films from Steve Schmitt at the Center for Electron
Microscopy at Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, which is directed
by Dr. John Bozzola. I don't know where it came from originally, but I
wasn't the one who developed it. Don't want to create the wrong impression.

Randy Tindall
2017 Princess Jeanne
Las Cruces, New Mexico 88001-4157

rtindell-at-nmsu.edu (work)
nrtindall-at-zianet.com (home)





From: South Bay Technology :      Henriks-at-CompuServe.COM
Date: Sat, 13 Dec 1997 10:44:14 -0500
Subject: MAG*I*CAL TEM calibration standard

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Augusto:

The standard you need is the MAG*I*CAL TEM Calibration Standard.

The MAG*I*CAL is a TEM calibration standard that performs all of the thr=
ee
major instrument calibrations for a TEM: image magnification; camera
constant for indexing diffraction patterns; and image/diffraction patter=
n
rotation for relating crystal directions to features in the image. =

MAG*I*CAL consists of an electron transparent cross-sectional TEM sample
made from a MBE grown, single-crystal semiconductor wafer. When the
calibration structure is viewed in a TEM, it appears as a series of light=

and dark layers where the layer thicknesses are accurately known. The
calibrated thickness measurements of these light (silicon) and dark (SiGe=

alloy) layers are based on careful TEM measurements of the {111} lattice=

spacing of silicon which is visible on the calibration sample itself, and=

are supported by x-ray diffraction measurements. The layer spacings are
designed so that the sample can be used to calibrate the entire
magnification range in a TEM - from 1,000X to 1,000,000X. As the sample =
is
also a single crystal of silicon, the calibrations requiring electron
diffraction information such as the camera constant and image/diffraction=

pattern rotation can also be performed easily and unambiguously. One
single calibration sample can therefore be used to provide all three of t=
he
major TEM instrument calibrations at all magnifications and all camera
lengths.

South Bay Technology, Inc. supplies the MAG*I*CAL and so I have a defini=
te
financial interest in promoting its use. I also have copies of other
research papers that have been written by the developer, John Mccaffrey,
which will provide you with much greater detail. If you have an interest=
,
please let me know and I'll forward the information to you.

As a matter of additional interest, we can provide batches of the MAG*I*C=
AL
which are all made from the same wafer which provides the ultimate in
calibration uniformity. This has proven to be an ideal solution to large=

organizations who are looking for a "company standard" calibration
technique. Please inquire for more information on this service.

Best regards-

David =

Writing at 5:56:20 PM on 12/12/97
=

*************************************************************************=
**
************************

David Henriks TEL: =

800-728-2233 (toll free in the USA)
South Bay Technology, Inc. +1-714-492-2600
1120 Via Callejon FAX: +1-714-492-1499=

San Clemente, CA 92673 USA e-mail: henriks-at-southbaytech.com=


*************************************************************************=
**
************************

} } } } } Please visit us at http://www.southbaytech.com { { { { {

Manufacturers of precision sample preparation equipment and supplies for
metallography, crystallography and electron microscopy.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America =


Dear Netters: =


I need to calibrate the magnification in of a TEM for magnifications abov=
e
x100k, a range where the usual gratings standards are not so good. The
resolution of the TEM is not great, but sufficient to use lattice images =
of
asbestos fibers as a standard. However, I would appreciate to hear
suggestions on other suitable magnification standards that can be used
under
diffraction contrast above x100k. Thank you for your help

Augusto
_________________________________________________________________________=

Augusto A. Morrone 107D-MEL, P.O. Box 116400
MAIC Materials Science and Engineering=

University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611
(352) 392-1497 or 6985
Fax: (352) 392-0390
amorr-at-mse.ufl.edu




From: Barbara Foster :      mme-at-map.com
Date: Sat, 13 Dec 1997 16:58:53 -0500
Subject: Re: structure of submerged wood

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Jill Craig wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Hi all,
}
} If anyone is looking into this topic or knows of any relevant
} references or SEM methods, I would greatly appreciate the
} information. I have scoured our meager library and the current
} contents database with virtually no luck. My kingdom for
} access to the science citation index.
}
} Thank you so much for any aid you can provide.
}
} Jill Craig
} University of Northern British Columbia
Jill,

I would suggest you contact John Delly through the McCrone Institute in
Chicago. John has a wealth of info on wood.

Best regards,
Barbara Foster
Consortium President
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
53 Eton Street
Springfield, MA 01108-2838 USA
PH: (413)746-6931 FX: (413)746-9311 email: mme-at-map.com
****************************************************
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
America's first consortium of microscopy experts offering
customized on-site training & applications solutions




From: Stephen A. Shaffer :      sshaffer-at-microdataware.com
Date: Sat, 13 Dec 1997 17:11:47 -0800
Subject: Re: structure of submerged wood

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Barbara Foster wrote:

} Jill,
}
} I would suggest you contact John Delly through the McCrone Institute in
} Chicago. John has a wealth of info on wood.
}

The full company name (for directory assistance, etc.) is McCrone Research Institute.
They are at 2820 S. Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL 60616.
1-312-842-7100 (voice) 1-312-842-1078 (fax).
http://www.mcri.org

--
**********************************************************
Stephen A. Shaffer sshaffer-at-microdataware.com
MicroDataware http:www.microdataware.com
(Under reconstruction and temporarily out of service)
Personal stuff: steve_shaffer-at-compuserve.com
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/steve_shaffer/
**********************************************************






From: hestec-at-ix.netcom.com (Robert J. Hessler)
Date: Sun, 14 Dec 1997 13:23:59 -0600
Subject: Inquiry concerning Kevex/Delta to PC

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


ATTENTION: Ray Haythornthwaite:

Ray, lost your address but my client provides a software conversion
package, KV2WIN whick will handle all your conversion problems for both
images and spectra. For more info;

Bob Hessler
Hessler Technical Services
PHONE/FAX: 203/358-0266






From: mauty-at-dpc.teagasc.ie
Date: Sun, 14 Dec 1997 13:29:25 -0600
Subject: Re: antifade reagents, David Carter

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

To: David Carter

Would it be possible to give me the address/phone/email of
Lipshaw (Detroit) - I am interested in using a permenant mount for
confocal specimens and I can't seem to find a European source for
Permafluor.

thanks

Mark Auty

Dairy Products Centre
Fermoy
Co. Cork
Ireland
mauty-at-dpc.teagasc.ie






From: Wolfgang Muss :      W.Muss-at-lkasbg.gv.at
Date: Sun, 14 Dec 1997 23:27:50 +-100
Subject: Q: Repair of corroded surface of a fixing container made from Aluminium

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Salzburg, 14th of December 1997, 11.00 p.m. local time

CONCERN: CHEMICAL ELOXATION OF CORRODED ALUMINIUM-SURFACES

Dear all out there,
I greatly would appreciate any suggestion or idea for solving the =
following problem:
in our Histology-Lab we use a "fixator" apparatus (for rapid fixation of =
small tissue specimens contained in baskets in a cylindrical container, =
made from chrome-nickel-steel, by means of alternating application of =
pressure and vacuum in formaldehyde solution).
The chrome-nickel-steel cylinder is durably fixed to a "collar" made of =
eloxated aluminium (they cannot be separated for what reason ever), =
which on its top serves as base for a sealing lid (made from plastic) =
with an O-ring.
Due to working with the specimen baskets (which turn out to be almost as =
wide in diameter as the narrow cylinder's diameter) the eloxation of the =
Aluminium-collar has been distorted and corrosion has been initiated.=20

The manufacturing company told us that there is no chance to overcome =
that corrosion, the only way for stopping it could/would be to overlay =
the corroded areas (after thorough cleaning: with what, if not alcohols =
or acetone??) with silicone paste. Corrosion should be stopped then due =
to exclusion of air/O2.
The container-combination (chrome-nickel-steel - Aluminium) described =
and used in the fixator now has been replaced by an other construct =
which doesn't fit into the old apparatus. Also, one cannot buy the old =
container as a sparepart, because it is not available any more.
Since corrosion maybe goes on despite pasting silicone (as a byproduct =
of condensation acetic or another acid will be formed) over the corroded =
areas I am not sure about risks of a breaking of the Al-collar due to =
pressure later on.
Last chance would be to buy a new "fixator" which amounts appr. US$ =
3000.-

So my question:=20
is there ANYBODY WHO KNOWS OR HAS EXPERIENCE how to SEAL corroded =
ALUMINIUM SURFACES, most elegantly by "artificial, CHEMICALLY INDUCED =
ALUMINUM-ELOXATION" (procedure??)

Thanking you very much for your considerations
best regards
with my and our best wishes for a
MERRY CHRISTMAS and
A HAPPY, HEALTHY, PROSPEROUS and SUCCESSFUL NEW YEAR
To you all and especially to you, and you

Dr. Wolfgang MUSS
Department of Pathology, LKA
EM-Laboratory
Muellner Hauptstrasse 48
A-5020 SALZBURG
AUSTRIA/Europe

phone: ++43++ 662 + 4482 + 4720 Ext
fax: ++43++ 662 + 4482 + 882 Ext.
e-mail: W.Muss-at-lkasbg.gv.at (note: "l" right to "-at-" is a small "L")




From: RonMervis :      RonMervis-at-aol.com
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 00:09:06 EST
Subject: a challenge

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear colleagues….
Let me present you with a challenging scenario….
I am trying to Golgi stain some fixed mouse brains that have been sent to my
lab…thus far I have tried using a Rapid Golgi and a Golgi Kopsch variant with
no success….it turns out that although the brains were supposed to have been
fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, instead they accidently used 10%
formaldehdye (a 10% formalin solution contains only 4% formaldehyde).
I am convinced that the excessive concentration of formaldehyde has
contributed to the difficulty in obtaining successful Golgi staining. So, my
question is --- Is there any way that the brains can still be saved for Golgi
impregnation??
Might it help if the brains were rinsed in running water for a lengthy period
and then put into the correct formalin solution??
Any thoughts or suggestions would be welcomed….
Thanks in advance…
Ron Mervis
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Ronald F. Mervis, Ph.D.
Neuro-Cognitive Research Labs
RonMervis-at-aol.com




From: Garry Burgess
Date: Friday, December 12, 1997 3:58PM
Subject: Blinding Headache

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Have you thought of finding out the reason of your headache and fix
that rather than stuffing yourself with drugs?
And yes, it is really off- topic.
----------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

This might be off-topic, but the news of a cure for my particularly
intense and troublesome headaches was so exciting for me, that I thought
I might as well share this with you folks, just in case there are some
of you in the lab there suffering needlessly.

Basically I just take 2 Aspirin, and 2 Extra strength Tylenol AT THE
SAME TIME. A doctor advised me that there was no problem in doing this,
(ie: no adverse effects) because the 2 drugs work differently. So,
whereas taking 4 aspirin would not be advised, you can fill in the extra
cracks of pain relief with the tylenol. I double checked this with my
pharmacist and she says that this is perfectly acceptable, and I'm not
doing anything dangerous here.

Anyway, this combination of pain kill completely - blowing your headache
into hyperspace, leaving you feel very comfortable.

Hope this helps,
Garry




From: SOBOCIG :      sobocig-at-aa.wl.com
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 09:48:36 -0500 (EST)
Subject: SUMMARY: EM filament assembly cleaning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Thanks for all who responded to my query. Especially those who were brief, but
I learned a little bit from all.

For those of you interested in results of the survey, here's my
abbreviated, paraphrased summary. I have focussed on the solvents involved,
since that was the focus of my question.
(My apologies if I misrepresent any procedures due to my brevity.)
--- --- --- --- --- ---
I received lots of information on polishes, and it seems that matching
the solvents to the type of polish that needs to be removed is a good approach.
(Some polishes clean up very easily with 10% ammonia solutions.)

It was suggested to use a 10% polish (Silvo, Bluebell, or Brasso) with
90% ammonia solution. This will turn aluminum pieces black, though.

Potassium Hydroxide (KOH), followed by dH2O and ethanol is a popular
way to remove oxidation residues without the need for polish. (Cautions with
this technique are that brass may discolor a bit, but it doesn't seem to cause
any ill effects to the operation of the gun.)

It seems that drying the assemblys with heat lamps or hair dryers after
rising in acetone, isopropanol or ethanol prevents the residue that sometimes
forms. It appears that this residue may be from water condensing out of the air
onto the assembly, which is cooled from the solvent evaporating.

In at least one case, someone uses dH2O as the final 'solvent' and
dries with a hair dryer. The reasoning is that water vapor is the kindest of
impurities to have in a column, compared to plastics and other chemicals that
may dissolve in other solvents and may become deposited on the assembly during
drying.

10% oxalic acid was also recommended as an added cleaning step.

--- --- ---
Any more details about suggested procedures can be forwarded to you if you
contact me before the end of January. After that, the information will be
deleted.

Gregg Sobocinski
Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research
Ann Arbor, Michigan
USA
Sobocig-at-aa.wl.com








From: Teresa Stevens :      teresa-at-snarl.biotech.ufl.edu
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 11:18:43 -0400
Subject: In situ Hybridization Workshop

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION RT-PCR WORKSHOP
INTERDISCIPLINARY CENTER FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
FEBRUARY 5 & 6, 1998

THE CONTENT:
In situ Hybridization (ISH) is a powerful method for the localization and
quantitation of specific messenger RNA in single cells and within the
natural tissue geometry. It has become the method of choice in the
histopathological study of gene expression. When the technique is combined
with PCR, mRNA can be detected at very low levels. ISH is also used for
cellular detection of viral DNA and as a tool to obtain cytological
information on the location and alteration of genomic sequences in
chromosomes (FISH, PRINS).

This two-day workshop provides participants with hands on experience on the
methodology and principles for the in situ RT-PCR detection of low
abundance target sequences. The potential applications of the technique
will be illustrated by the detection of adrenomedullin mRNA from rat brain
tissue sections. In an additional experiment, participants will utilize ISH
hybridization to detect viral DNA in infected cells.

Workshop includes lectures on a variety of ancillary techniques. Some of
the topics include: Nucleic acid probe technology (antisense RNA probes),
non-isotopic labeling and detection, tissue preparation and fixation for in
situ hybridization, optimization of in situ methods (silane-coated slides,
formalin fixation, protease digestion, DNase digestion and 4.5 mM MgCI2),
fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH, PRINS) mapping, cellular detection
of viral DNA, etc.

THE LOCATION:
Communicore Health Science Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL

FOR INFORMATION & REGISTATION:
education-at-biotech.ufl.edu
phone: (352) 392-8408
fax: (352) 392-8598

FEE:
non-student: $200.00
FL Graduate students: $100.00
Registration Deadline: January 15, 1998
$25 Late Registration fee applies after deadline.

******************************************************************************
Teresa Stevens Phone: (352) 392-8408
Administrative Assistant Fax: (352) 392-8598
University of Florida E-mail: teresa-at-biotech.ufl.edu
ICBR - Biotechnology
Box 110580
Gainesville, FL 32611
******************************************************************************






From: Stephanie Wind :      wind-at-moltech.com
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 08:32:16 -0700
Subject: Re: Blinding Headache

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I hate to burst your bubble, but you have just re-discovered Exedrin! :-)


At 02:58 PM 12/12/97 -0600, you wrote:
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America






From: Pierre-Yves Sizaret :      sizaret-at-med.univ-tours.fr
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 16:37:14 +0100
Subject: TEM- Help 1010 JEOL Users

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi,

Does anyone have experience with TEM JEOL 1010 in dark field mode with SHP 10
OL pole piece. Im not satisfied by the results obtained with a SAP 10B OL pole
piece of the 1010 JEOL. What is your point of view ? Does SHP pole piece
could change something in quality of these images in dark field mode ?

Thanks for help.

P-Yves

E-Mail:sizaret-at-med.univ-tours.fr

Pierre-Yves Sizaret
laboratoire de Microscopie Electronique
UFR Medecine
2 bis Bd Tonnelle
37032 Tours cedex
FRANCE




From: Richard Beanland +44 1327 356363 :      richard.beanland-at-gecm.com
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 15:25:55 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: Re: TEM GaAs prep

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Scott,
With reference to the enquiry from Richard Fonda on the thinning of GaAs, here
are some points from our experience.
Br in methanol is good for the preparation of plan view specimens of GaAs, but
I consider 5% is too strong a solution and likely to cause roughening of the
surface. 2% is adequate and slow thinning can be achieved at a concentration
of 0.5%. Be careful when adding Br to methanol as concentrated solution can
explode.It is also best to use a fresh bottle of methanol as it should be dry.
An alternative, which we actually use, is Cl in methanol. This can be used by
bubbling the Cl into the methanol. Great care must be taken as at too strong a
concentration it will set itself alight. We judge the concentration by the
colour which goes from pale yellow to a stronger yellow/green as it increases.
Both Br and Cl are hazardous materials and should be used in an adequate fume
cupboard.

Pete Augustus Tel +1327 356362
Caswell Analytical Services Fax +1327 356775
GMMT
Caswell
Towcester
Northants NN12 8EQ UK

} The absolute best, fastest, and cheapest way to prepare non-site specific
} cross section samples with this type and thickness of metallization on GaAs
} is with the small angle cleavage technique. There is a detailed pictorial
} outline of the technique in the MRS Specimen Prep for TEM of Materials IV,
} Vol 480 that just came out. The authors are myself and John McCaffrey who
} developed the technique and has several pubs out on it. The technique
} requires very little in terms of equipment that is not usually found in a
} lab. Southbay Technology is selling a starter kit that has all the required
} supplies. I can typically prepare about 9 samples in about an hour and
} exchange and examine a sample within about 5 minutes to see if it is good.
} A big advantage to this method is that there is no need to worry about
} contamination of the sample. I've used this on GaAs and other materials and
} examined the samples in field emission microscopes with no problems. I do
} use electronic grade acetone and double rinse them.
}
} For the plan view samples, you will have to dimple and ion mill because of
} the metallization. Don't forget to protect the good side from ion sputtered
} material.
}
}
} If you didn't have the coating and just wanted to make plan view samples
} from the GaAs, I'd recommend chemically polishing the GaAs from the backside
} after mechanically thinning to about 100 um to make the plan view samples.
} Peter Goodhew showed me an inexpensive way to do this. I think that the
} solution used was 5% bromine in ethyl alcohol (it might have been methanol)
} which was dripped onto the sample from a burette. The sample was low
} temperature waxed to a coverslip slide that was put onto a Teflon pedestal
} with a small amount of vacuum grease mounted in a plastic cup. The grease
} was not exposed to the solution because it was in the middle of the
} coverslip and far from the edges. The cup was tilted at an angle of about
} 30 degrees and was rotating with the use of a small DC motor. A
} stereomicroscope was used to help determine when the sample was perforated.
}
}
} You could use this method instead of dimpling if you stopped the process
} before perforation and then continued the thinning process with ion milling.
} The disadvantage is that you will not know the thickness left to ion mill.
}
} I hope this helps.
}
} -Scott Walck
}
} Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
} PPG Industries, Inc.
} Guys Run Rd. (packages)
} P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
} Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472
}
} (412) 820-8651 (office)
} (412) 820-8161 (fax)
}
}
} "The opinions expressed are those of S.D. Walck and not of PPG Industries,
} Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."
}
}
} ----------
} From: Richard Fonda
} To: Microscopy
} Subject: TEM GaAs prep
} Date: Thursday, December 11, 1997 9:46AM
}
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America





From: Paolo Castano :      clsmteam-at-imiucca.csi.unimi.it
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 16:42:32 +0100
Subject: Light Microscopy and Photomicroscopy Course

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

INTERNATIONAL COURSES OF LIGHT MICROSCOPY,
PHOTOMICROGRAPHY
AND
LASER SCANNING CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY
GARGNANO (Lake of Garda)
October 1998

The Course is a post-graduated theoretical/practical course, with
propedeutical
lectures and practical stages on microscopy, photomicrography and confocal
microscopy.
The course will take place in Gargnano (Lake of Garda) in October 1998.

Further information and registration details will be found at the
following Web address.

http://imiucca.csi.unimi.it/endomi/micro.html

Thank you
Paolo Castano

_____________________________________________________
Prof. Paolo Castano
UNIVERSITY OF MILAN
INSTITUTE OF HUMAN ANATOMY -
CHAIR OF HUMAN ANATOMY FOR PHARMACY
Via Mangiagalli, 31 - 20133 Milan (Italy)

Tel. 0039.2.26.63.683
Fax 0039.2.23.64.082 / 0039.2.70.63.54.25
e-mail: clsmteam-at-imiucca.csi.unimi.it
paolo.castano-at-unimi.it
http://imiucca.csi.unimi.it/endomi/micro.html




From: Arthur Schuessler :      schueslr-at-sun0.urz.uni-heidelberg.de
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 17:23:15 +0100
Subject: Starch staining in Chlamydomonas (green algae)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Anybody has an idea how to stain starch in Chlamydomonas?

I tried (suggested in the list recently) without succes: Nile Blue,
Safranin, ConA-FITC all for fluorescence.
(Nile Blue was in water, sometimes after bleachingwith Na-hypochloride.
Safranin coming from EtOH or also in water. All after fixation with
glutaraldehyde, sometimes also after Triton. ConA stained many things but
not starch).

Something else to try? Polarisation Microscopy doesn't work, J2KJ also not
(I don't know really why ...)

Arthur
Dr. Arthur Schuessler
University of Heidelberg
Zellenlehre
Im Neuenheimer Feld 230
D-69120 Heidelberg
Germany




From: Zhiyu Wang :      wangz-at-pulsar.cs.wku.edu
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 14:26:53 -0600 (CST)
Subject: Re: Starch staining in Chlamydomonas (green algae)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Hi,

The starch staining for LM on algae samples is generally done by KI+I2.
Under LM the starch particals appear as dark-blue color and nothing
alse can appear as this color. Acturally the usefull reagent is I, KI is
used to increase the soluability of I2.

******************************************
Zhiyu Wang
Electron Microscope Lab and Imaging Center
Western Kentucky University(WKU)
Bowling Green KY 42101

Phone: (502)745-5993(office)
email: wangz-at-pulsar.cs.wku.edu
******************************************

On Mon, 15 Dec 1997, Arthur Schuessler wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Anybody has an idea how to stain starch in Chlamydomonas?
}
} I tried (suggested in the list recently) without succes: Nile Blue,
} Safranin, ConA-FITC all for fluorescence.
} (Nile Blue was in water, sometimes after bleachingwith Na-hypochloride.
} Safranin coming from EtOH or also in water. All after fixation with
} glutaraldehyde, sometimes also after Triton. ConA stained many things but
} not starch).
}
} Something else to try? Polarisation Microscopy doesn't work, J2KJ also not
} (I don't know really why ...)
}
} Arthur
} Dr. Arthur Schuessler
} University of Heidelberg
} Zellenlehre
} Im Neuenheimer Feld 230
} D-69120 Heidelberg
} Germany
}





From: Garry Burgess :      GBurgess-at-exchange.hsc.mb.ca
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 14:55:37 -0600
Subject: RE: Blinding Headache

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Peggy,

Anytime I even got a whiff of Amyl Acetate (even when working in a fume
hood) I would instantly get a very blinding headache. I used to use it
as a solvent for Colloidon, a kind of support film plastic. But
fortunately I have a better fume hood now, and I also rarely use this
now. But I can also get headaches from fumes of epon/araldite and
xylol. Even though we keep our polymerization oven in a fumehood, when
we open the door of the oven to remove the plastic, some of the fumes
escape. Of course safety conditions have improved a lot since days gone
by, but sometimes I wonder what residual effects exposure to these
chemicals might have on a person.

Garry
} ----------
} From: Peggy Brannigan[SMTP:brannign-at-asrr.arsusda.gov]
} Sent: 15 December, 1997 12:12
} To: Garry Burgess
} Subject: Re: Blinding Headache
}
} Gerry,
}
} The subject of headaches may not necessarily be as off topic as one would
} think. I had headaches almost daily for years until two things happened:
} 1. I stopped using acrolein in my fixative and 2. I moved to a new
} building where a.) my office was no longer in the lab itself and b). the
} lab met OSHA requirements for # of air exchanges per hour.
}
} The headaches did not go away entirely but there was a dramatic change-I've
} always wondered how many other microscopists suffer headaches. Since we
} use our eyes so intensely staring at flickering screens and monitors and
} expose ourselves to nasty chemicals it wouldn't surprise me if headaches
} are, to some extent, an occupational concern.
}
} With respect to your tylenol-aspirin discovery , your're right on target
} there. I go to a neurologist who basically prescribes the same thing, as
} well as a few other medications. Headaches are complex, involving several
} different pathways and success often requires taking several different
} medications to target different components of the headache.
}
} Obviously it is best if you can find an environmental or dietary source for
} the problem but that's not as easy as it sounds, simply because headaches
} are so complex. There are numerous medications available that will prevent
} headaches but you have to take them on a daily basis and should be under a
} neurologist's care.
}
} One word of warning...if you take tylenol every day you may experience a
} rebound effect where you get a headache when the tylenol leaves your
} system. I don't think aspirin does this, but I''m not sure.
}
} Other things that have helped me: acupuncture, aerobic exercise, muscle
} relaxation through biofeedback, and the herb feverfew.
}
} Anyway, good luck.
}
} Peggy
}
}
}
}
}
} } ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} } The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America




From: Garry Burgess :      GBurgess-at-exchange.hsc.mb.ca
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 15:29:59 -0600
Subject: Common Problems in EM - (long)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I have made a list of what I consider to be the more common problems
involved in Diagnostic Electron Microscopy as relates to specimen
collection, preparation of plastic, sectioning, staining, and
photography, for the benefit of outsiders to our lab, so that they might
avoid some of these pitfalls. I would be interested in getting feedback
from other people who might have other problems in mind that I have not
considered.

Garry




From: RCHIOVETTI :      RCHIOVETTI-at-aol.com
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 20:49:04 EST
Subject: Re: a challenge

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Ron,

My guess is you can indeed salvage the brains and still use them. Have they
already been processed and embedded in paraffin? If so, you'll have to
deparaffinize and rehydrate them, then rinse in running water or soak
overnight in a large volume of (preferably) buffer.

Hint: Depends on what kind of tissue processor you have, but it is sometimes
possible to run the processor in reverse order to deparaffinize and
rehydrate...or, it is also possible to run the specimens through the "purge"
or "retort clean" cycle, as well. This does a great job of deparaffinizing
the specimens and leaving them in 100% alcohol; from there you can step down
to water or buffer.

If you are convinced the extra formalin is the problem, this should do the
trick. Unlike glutaraldehyde fixation (which is largely non-reversible),
formalin fixation is to a large extent "reversible," in that large amounts can
be coaxed out of the tissue by prolonged washing.

Good luck! Let us know how things work out.

Best regards,

Bob
*********************************
Robert (Bob) Chiovetti
E. Licht Company / 1-800-865-4248
rchiovetti-at-aol.com

*********************************
Cryostats / Microtomes / Tissue Processors / Embedding Centers / Slide
Stainers / Glass Coverslippers / Microscopes (Representing Leica since 1967) /
Fiber Optic Systems / Linear Measuring / Micromanipulation (Linear Encoded,
Video) / Image Analysis, Archiving, Capture / Video / Video Printers (Cooled
CCD, Digital, RGB, Super VHS, 3-chip) / Vibration Isolation Systems /
Programmable Stages / Heating & Cooling Stages




From: Rick Felten :      rfelten-at-Macdermid.com
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 20:36:26 -0600
Subject: Batch Printing of Images

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html




Rick Felten
12/15/97 12:52 PM
Does anyone know a way to print several image files in an automatic fashion
that would include the file name on the image. I am using windows 95.

Thanks in advance.

Ric






From: Energy Beam Sciences, Inc. :      ebs-at-ebsciences.com
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 12:20:40 -0500
Subject: Fontana-Masson staining

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear fellow microscopists,

Bob Schoonhoven recommended the Fontana-Masson stain for melanin pigment.
We have a very fast microwave version of the Fontana-Masson stain. I would
be happy to fax it to any interested parties.

Best regards,
Steven E. Slap, Vice-President
********************************
Energy Beam Sciences, Inc.
Adding Brilliance To Your Vision
ebs-at-ebsciences.com
http://www.ebsciences.com/
********************************





From: billemac-at-cc.usu.edu (Bill McManus)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 13:37:50 -0600
Subject: Re: Starch staining in Chlamydomas (green algae)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I have had success staining for starch with Congo Red (1%) aqueous with 1% DMSO

William R. McManus
Electron Microscopy Facility
Department of Biology
Utah State University
Logan UT 84322-5305
1-801-797-1920
billEMac-at-cc.usu.edu






From: John Shane :      jshane-at-mcri.org
Date: 16 Dec 97 11:55:34 +0000
Subject: RE>Safety using microscopes

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
Keith Ryan {KPR-at-wpo.nerc.ac.uk}
Message-ID: {971216.115534-at-mcri.org}
X-Mailer: InterCall 1.2
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable



From: Keith Ryan
Date: 12/16/97 11:30 AM
Subject: RE>Safety using microscopes

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America


RE} Safety using microscopes
12/16/97 11:48 AM
Dear Keith,

While at ARCO Alaska we too were tasked to find a more ergonomic workstat=
ion for palynologists and foram workers alike. We basically looked at the=
level of their microscopes, computer screens, keyboards, chairs and heig=
ht of desk(s).

Only a couple of people were experiencing problems at the time and the re=
st did not care about the workstations because they had no problems. This=
means that some people tolerate less than optimum ergonomics than others=
.

SOLUTION: We changed the chairs to multifunctional settings type and sugg=
ested differents heights of keyboards and monitors, microscopes. Most of =
the problems went away except for the one person who had an existing aggr=
avated lower back problem. His problem was not fixed by any of these solu=
tions, nor could it be.

I personally did not have any problems, but when I changed my chair I not=
iced a huge difference in comfort.

Finally, most light microscope users are "slumpers". Notice that they slu=
mp down with poor posture even when not at the microscope. This presents =
a problem when trying to fix their posture at the microscope and while th=
ey are just sitting at their desks.

My personal opinion is that the chair is the single most important adjust=
ment to make for workers at the desk and/or microscope.

Best of Luck

John Shane
McCrone Research Institute


--------------------------------------


Dear Microscopy Listers

I have been tasked with coming up with something about using light micros=
copes without harming yourself! Not so funny, according to two of our
now-retired staff who counted plankton etc. for 20+ years. They both suff=
ered neck/shoulder/back pain which eased after retirement.

In the UK we have a specific, detailed set of Regulations concerning comp=
uter use, another unspecific set covers all workstations e.g. supermarket=

checkouts. A lot of the computer Regs. might be transferred to microscope=
set-ups.

I'd appreciate any info, anything to avoid re-inventing the wheel!

Season's Greetings

Keith Ryan
Plymouth Marine Lab., UK






From: Stephen A. Shaffer :      sshaffer-at-microdataware.com
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 14:22:25 -0800
Subject: Re: Safety using microscopes

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Message-ID: {3496FF20.1107BD89-at-microdataware.com}

Keith Ryan wrote:

} I have been tasked with coming up with something about using light micr=
oscopes without harming yourself! Not so funny, according to two of our
} now-retired staff who counted plankton etc. for 20+ years. They both su=
ffered neck/shoulder/back pain which eased after retirement.

Keith, I have a handout that I use in my teaching to guide students in th=
e proper positioning of the microscope and their bodies as they use the
instrument. This is particularly important for those who may use the ins=
trument for several hours at a time. Perhaps you will find the text of t=
he
hand-out helpful, though it may not reproduce particulary well in an emai=
l message. Here goes:


Good Posture is Essential to Good Microscopy

Let=92s face it. Looking through a microscope is not what our bodies wer=
e built for. And, looking through a microscope for an extended period of=
time
requires an unnatural rigidity of the body. You=92re not moving around, =
even a bit, as you normally would. The result can be cramped muscles,
especially in the neck and shoulders, and a whole body fatigue that can m=
ake 10:00 am feel like 5:00 pm. The solution is correct posture and a pr=
oper
arrangement of microscope, chair, and body.

=B7 If you=92re going to be doing microscopy for any length of time, insi=
st of a good, adjustable, ergonomically-designed chair!

=B7 Adjust the height of the chair so that your feet can rest comfortably=
on the floor with an even pressure along the back of the thighs. It may=
be
advantageous to tilt the seat of the chair slightly down in front to elim=
inate any pinch at the back of the knees.

=B7 Note: Adjust the chair height without regard to the microscope height=
!

=B7 Adjust the position of the microscope so that you can comfortably gaz=
e into the eyepieces without leaning significantly forward. This require=
s two
adjustments:

=A8 Set the lateral position of the microscope so that it is clos=
e to the front edge of the bench with the eyepieces no further away from =
you
than the front edge of the bench.

=A8 Set the vertical position of the microscope so that it is a b=
it high for comfortable viewing. This will normally require elevating th=
e
microscope on some type of stand on top of the bench. The idea is to for=
ce yourself to straighten your back as you draw up to the microscope so t=
hat
with extended viewing your back is straight and your head in an upright p=
osition. Look down into the eyepieces by letting your eyes view at a
downward angle. Do not bend the neck to look =93straight ahead=94 into t=
he microscope.

=B7 Obtain some type of arm rest for the arm used to focus the microscope=
so that you don=92t need to be constantly raising the arm off the bench =
surface
and so that you are not tempted to say, =93Oh, the focus is good enough,=94=
to yourself while you work. Constant, continuous focusing of the micros=
cope
is essential to minimize eye strain. (As an aside, proper setting of int=
er-pupilary distance and eyepiece parfocalization are also essential to
minimizing eye strain.)

=B7 After you=92ve established the optimal height for your microscope by =
propping it up on phone books, this mornings paper, or whatever, you may =
wish to
have a permanent stand fabricated to the right height. Consider incorpor=
ating one or two arm rests into the design. Go on, it won=92t cost you m=
uch
and it will make a world of difference in your comfort as you work. No p=
oint growing old and crooked before your time!

=B7 Take a break from time to time. Get up, walk around, stretch arms, b=
ack, neck, and legs to remove any =93kinks=94 that may be forming before =
they
become a bother.



--
**********************************************************
Stephen A. Shaffer sshaffer-at-microdataware.com
MicroDataware http:www.microdataware.com
(Under reconstruction and temporarily out of service)
Personal stuff: steve_shaffer-at-compuserve.com
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/steve_shaffer/
**********************************************************






From: Barbara Foster :      mme-at-map.com
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 17:08:34 -0500
Subject: Re: Safety using microscopes

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Keith Ryan wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Dear Microscopy Listers
}
} I have been tasked with coming up with something about using light microscopes without harming yourself! Not so funny, according to two of our
} now-retired staff who counted plankton etc. for 20+ years. They both suffered neck/shoulder/back pain which eased after retirement.
}
} In the UK we have a specific, detailed set of Regulations concerning computer use, another unspecific set covers all workstations e.g. supermarket
} checkouts. A lot of the computer Regs. might be transferred to microscope set-ups.
}
} I'd appreciate any info, anything to avoid re-inventing the wheel!
}
} Season's Greetings
}
} Keith Ryan
} Plymouth Marine Lab., UK
Dear Keith,

Part of the problem is that few microscopists "align themselves", when
they align the microscope. An adjustable chair, with secondary
adjustments for the backrest, plus "elbow pads" or armrests on the
microscope will solve most of these problems. The microscope should be
addressed at eye level to avoid hunching over or stretching to reach the
eyepieces.

If you decide to draft formal regs, send me a note.

Best regards,
Barbara Foster (longtime FRMS)
Consortium President
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
53 Eton Street
Springfield, MA 01108-2838 USA
PH: (413)746-6931 FX: (413)746-9311 email: mme-at-map.com
****************************************************
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
America's first consortium of microscopy experts offering
customized on-site training & applications solutions




From: Barbara Foster :      mme-at-map.com
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 16:59:49 -0500
Subject: Re: structure of submerged wood

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Adriana P. M Rodriguez wrote:
}
} Dear Dr. Foster:
} I just saw a message you posted on the microscopy list, and the phrase
} below your address caught my attention.
} I just wondered if our institution offers short courses in different
} microcopy techniques, or only on-site training.
} Thanks in advance for your time.
}
} Adriana Rodriguez
}
} } Best regards,
} } Barbara Foster
} } Consortium President
} } Microscopy/Microscopy Education
} } 53 Eton Street
} } Springfield, MA 01108-2838 USA
} } PH: (413)746-6931 FX: (413)746-9311 email: mme-at-map.com
} } ****************************************************
} } Microscopy/Microscopy Education
} } America's first consortium of microscopy experts offering
} } customized on-site training & applications solutions
} }
} }
} Adriana P. M. Rodriguez
} Biotecnologia Vegetal, CENA/USP
} Av. Centenario 303, Cx. Postal 96
} 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
} phone: +55-19- 429-4694
} fax: +55-19- 429-4610
Dear Adriana,

We will be offering several courses during first quarter 1998:
a. SPIE/Photonics West - "Modern Microscopy & Applications" - lecture
deomstrationwhich reviews fundamentals of microscopy, including a range
of contrast enhancement techniques, plus a discussion of advanced
methods including integration of image processing technis, automated
measurement, and feed-back systems. (Thursday, 1/29/98, San Jose, CA)

b. American Chemical Society - "Applied Optical Microscopy for Chemists"
- a three day, hands-on, total immersion course in light microscopy
which covers imaging theory, contrast enhancement, and basic measurement
techniques. Emphasizes Polatized Light Microscopy. (Friday, Saturday,
Sunday, 2/27, 2/28, 3/1, New Orleans, LA)

c. The MME Traveling Road Show - "Optimizing Light Microscopy" - a
lively, one-day lecture demonstration on alignment, operation, optics,
and contrast enhancement. (Monday, 3/16, New York City; Wednesday, 3/18,
Springfield, MA/Hartford CT; Friday, 3/18, Boston, MA).

For further information, please email me directly.

Thanks for your interest.
Barbara Foster
Consortium President
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
53 Eton Street
Springfield, MA 01108-2838 USA
PH: (413)746-6931 FX: (413)746-9311 email: mme-at-map.com
****************************************************
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
America's first consortium of microscopy experts offering
customized on-site training & applications solutions




From: Rick Felten
Date: Monday, December 15, 1997 8:36PM
Subject: Batch Printing of Images

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


I just tried printing from ThumbsPlus 3.0. You can print in batch mode, you
are not restricted to just a catalog and you can print a bunch of other
information including:

name (with or without directory path)
file size
date
dimensions pixels and physical size
resolution
keywords (that you added to it in the database)
annotation (that you added)

All of these are optional in the output.

Agreeing with others, it is a great program. You can also scan images into
it and the thumbnails are automatically made. We use the network version
and have a LAN database that we can all select and we can have local
databases for our hard drives. We open the images by double clicking on the
image, copy it, and paste it into a window application such as a
wordprocessor or PowerPoint. It can also be used to open a variety of
formats including Photoshop and convert them.

-Scott


Scott D. Walck
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of S.D. Walck and not of PPG Industries,
Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."

----------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------.




Rick Felten
12/15/97 12:52 PM
Does anyone know a way to print several image files in an automatic fashion
that would include the file name on the image. I am using windows 95.

Thanks in advance.

Ric







From: NANCY SMITH :      nsmith-at-gauss.sci.csuhayward.edu
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 16:20:20 PSD8PDT
Subject: unsubscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Please unsubscribe nsmith-at-csuhayward.edu
Nancy R. Smith
Director of Operations
Microscope And Graphic Imaging Center
California State University, Hayward
Hayward, CA 94542
http://www.csuhayward.edu/SCI/sem




From: Michael J. Lyon, Ph.D. :      lyonm-at-vax.cs.hscsyr.edu
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 20:26:28 -0600
Subject: Silicon Graphic and Softwindows

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Has anyone use Softwindows 95 for a Silicon Graphics system with the Scion
Image PC (PC version of NIH Image)?
Also what has been your experiences with Softwindows 95?

Thanks

Michael






From: Geoff Avern :      g.j.avern-at-skynet.be
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 16:07:38 +0100
Subject: CLSM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi to Nestor and all Microscopy Listers,

Six months ago I said goodbye to the List and my job managing the
Australian Museum's SEM lab. I'm now in Brussels starting a Ph.D. in
Archaeology, but it's funny how things move in circles. I'm looking at 3D
modelling of excavations, including Image Analysis in 3D, which is why I'm
starting by asking those of you in confocal microscopy the following;

1) Can anyone help with an email address for H.J.G. Gundersen at the
Stereological Research Laboratory in Denmark? I've tried
Stereo-at-svcd.aau.dk but the message bounces.

2) Does anyone know of commercially available 3D IA programs? (I want to
measure object sizes and object orientations)

3) Does anyone know of any Lists dedicated to 3D modelling?

Many thanks, Merry Christmas and may your New Year's "resolution" be small
and stable.

Geoff Avern
Brussels, Belgium




From: Mike Gregory :      mgregory-at-pixie.udw.ac.za
Date: Wed, 17 Dec 1997 08:53:55 +0200 (SST)
Subject: EDX of marine sediments

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Is anyone out there doing any EDX work with marine sediments - especially
those in the vicinity of pipeline outfalls. if so, I'd like to
communicate with you.

Please reply to my e-mail address rather than the listserver. Thanks

Mike Gregory

EM Unit
University of Durban-Westville
South Africa




From: bozzola-at-siu.edu (John J. Bozzola)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 22:47:03 -0600
Subject: Re: Negative Scanners

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Leah L. Dobbs of Intel asked the following:

} Does anyone have experience using the Polaroid Sprint Scan 45 for TEM
} negatives? I would appreciate any opinions on this scanner.

My response:

We have been using the SprintScan 45 for 6 months. We are very pleased with
the quality of images produced by this scanner. Initially, an inconvenience
of the scanner was the lack of a holder for TEM negatives. Polaroid has
subsequently developed one that uses anti-Newton glass that works fine. I
was very skeptical about the use of glass but it has proven to work nicely.
The design of the holder is such that it can be easily modified with frames
to make a glassless holder if you must have it. I suspect that these frames
are in the works.

I have just completed (last night, in fact) a side by side comparison of
images generated conventionally by darkroom endeavors versus scanning of
the same negative and printing on a Codonics 1660 dye sub printer. Even
though I had to use a color paper on the Codonics (their thermal line paper
is not yet ready for prime time), the results were amazingly good. I
compared enlargements of 1x, 4x, 8x and 16x using a 10MB image scanned at
2000 ppi. (I am now looking at smaller sized files as well.) I must say
that as a "classically trained microscopist" with considerable dark room
experience, I was finally convinced that a reasonable, high quality image
can be generated in this way. I spent a couple hours in the darkroom using
various focal length lenses, condensor lenses and adjustments on the
enlarger to achieve the results that could have been obtained in 20 minutes
on the scanner and dye sub printer. Although I think that a darkroom may
be needed in some cases (large central facilities, for example), digital
darkrooms will work for the majority of users. So fast, so convenient, so
much less environmentally damaging.....

Disclaimer: I have no commercial interests in either Polaroid or Codonics.
I can be just as critical of these companies when they show shortcomings.

####################################################################
John J. Bozzola, Ph.D., Director
Center for Electron Microscopy
Neckers Building, Room 146 - B Wing
Southern Illinois University
Carbondale, IL 62901
U.S.A.
Phone: 618-453-3730
Fax: 618-453-2665
Email: bozzola-at-siu.edu
Web: http://www.siu.edu/departments/shops/cem.html
####################################################################






From: Mark Elliott :      MElliott-at-prl.pulmonary.ubc.ca
Date: Wed, 17 Dec 1997 09:36:10 -0800 PST
Subject: Oxoid

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hoping someone can help me. We used to buy PBS tablets from a company
called OXOID. Need to order more but can't find address. Are they
still around, or has someone bought them out. Any help greatly
appreciated.

Thanks
Mark Elliott
UBC-Pulmonary Research Lab
St. Paul's Hospital
Vancouver, BC Canada V6Z 1Y6
604-631-5351 (fAX)




From: Tina Carvalho :      tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu
Date: Wed, 17 Dec 1997 11:14:23 -1000 (HST)
Subject: Cryogen Freezing Bath

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is that magical time of the year when the thoughts of those of us in
the tropics turn to... cryofixation!

We have a "cryogen freezing bath" device from Balzers, which consists of a
small container on a tube which fits into a Dewar of LN2. The small
container is filled with e.g., a freezing slush of Freon or propane, into
which (cryoprotected) samples are plunged. Someone else on campus would
like to have one of these devices, and the machine shops are really backed
up. Do any of you have an idea where this kind of thing can be purchased?
If you can't picture this, a schematic can be found in Bozzola and
Russell's Electron Microscopy on p. 312.

Actually, while I'm at it, the intended purpose is to freeze mouse
heart/aorta and liver for cryosections, and I'd be glad to pass on any
tips any of you have. This group was just plunging the tissues into
straight LN2 and wondering why they had big holes...! Pre-fixation is not
a problem; in fact it is desirable. I think it's intended for in situ
hybridization/autoradiography at the light level. It's those pesky
photons, again. I just don't understand how they work, and so I'm not
much help when it comes to LM!

It's about 76 degrees F and sunny in Honolulu today. Surf is coming up on
the North Shore. Hope you all are having a fine holiday season!

Mele Kalkimaka,
Tina

****************************************************************************
* Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
* Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251 *
* University of Hawaii at Manoa * http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
****************************************************************************





From: Peiyi WANG :      pw2-at-soton.ac.uk
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 1997 09:26:59 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: 3D image software

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi, Geoff,

I am also very interesting in 3D image analysis and
reconstruction, especially to the biological subjects. I
send you an address in web site which contains a great number of
software. Hopefully you could find some of them are suitable to your
current project.

http://biocomp.arc.nasa.gov/3dreconstruction.

Good luck!

Peiyi Wang
Research Fellow
Department of Engineering Materials
University of Southampton
Southampton SO17 1BJ
UK
Tel: 01703 595101
Fax: 01703 593016
E-mail: pw2-at-soton.ac.uk




From: Dr P. Echlin :      pe13-at-cus.cam.ac.uk
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 1997 09:23:18 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: Re: Cryogen Freezing Bath

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Tina:

There is no real need to purchase the quench cooling device you
describe. All you need is a copper cylinder which will sit in a Dewer of
LN2. Have a little plastic lid on the cyliner, When the cyliner is cool,
slowly condense some propane into the cold cylinder (do this in a spark
proof hood). Once the propane is cooled put the lid on. The purpose of
this little lid is to stop LN2 bubbling into the cylinder with the
propane. When you are ready to quench your sample, get a warm rid and
make a little pool in the solid propane, watch the propane pool and as
the surface just begins to frreeze over, plunge in little bits of your
sample. Let then stay for 30 secs then quickly bring them out and put
them into a dewer of LN2.
Variations of this are endlezs. You can use ethane instead of propane
(bit dangerous) and you can have the whole dewer-cylinder sitting on a
magnetic stirrer with a magnetic flea in the secondary cryogen.
If you are really serios, read my book "Low temperature Microscopy and
Analysis"

Your weather sounds great. Here in Cambridge we are just recovering from
the Siberian Express which gave a wind chill factor of -10C. Now it
hovers around freezing with rain. But we English argue that you have to
suffer cold and wet to appreciAte warm

Best wishes for the Christmas Season

Patrick Echlin
Multi-Imaging Centre
School of Biological Science
University of Cambridge
United Kingom.

On Wed, 17 Dec 1997, Tina Carvalho
wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} This is that magical time of the year when the thoughts of those of us in
} the tropics turn to... cryofixation!
}
} We have a "cryogen freezing bath" device from Balzers, which consists of a
} small container on a tube which fits into a Dewar of LN2. The small
} container is filled with e.g., a freezing slush of Freon or propane, into
} which (cryoprotected) samples are plunged. Someone else on campus would
} like to have one of these devices, and the machine shops are really backed
} up. Do any of you have an idea where this kind of thing can be purchased?
} If you can't picture this, a schematic can be found in Bozzola and
} Russell's Electron Microscopy on p. 312.
}
} Actually, while I'm at it, the intended purpose is to freeze mouse
} heart/aorta and liver for cryosections, and I'd be glad to pass on any
} tips any of you have. This group was just plunging the tissues into
} straight LN2 and wondering why they had big holes...! Pre-fixation is not
} a problem; in fact it is desirable. I think it's intended for in situ
} hybridization/autoradiography at the light level. It's those pesky
} photons, again. I just don't understand how they work, and so I'm not
} much help when it comes to LM!
}
} It's about 76 degrees F and sunny in Honolulu today. Surf is coming up on
} the North Shore. Hope you all are having a fine holiday season!
}
} Mele Kalkimaka,
} Tina
}
} ****************************************************************************
} * Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
} * Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251 *
} * University of Hawaii at Manoa * http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
} ****************************************************************************
}
}





From: Keith Ryan
Date: 16 December 1997 12:24
Subject: Safety using microscopes

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Keith
I assume that COSHH assessments will have taken care of fixatives, stains
and immersion oil and that you aren't talking the risks of microtomes,
knives and cryo work.

My feeling is that any assessment must look at levels of use:

If microscopes are used once a week for half an hour, keep them covered or
in a cupboard and use them however you wish.

If microscopes are used regularly (like designated DSE user work) then a
clear bench area in an a quiet area will be less stressful and ideally the
user should be able to adjust the ambient light without disturbing others.
Good seating should be provided which is adjustable or at least a variety of
stools and chairs to suit all types of users also necessary basics like a
stable bench surface, appropriate and well-placed power outlets (ie no
trailing wires), lens tissues (keep those lenses clean), and a manual if
necessary. Binocular eyepieces are fairly universal now and most users find
these less stressful than monocular for prolonged use but they must know how
to adjust them properly and should know how to set up the rest of the
microscope for optimum use. Some spectacle users prefer to have
high-viewpoint eyepieces so they can wear their glasses and some people
prefer eyepiece eye cups (removable types are generally available).
Adjustments such as X-Y stage controls, focus and lights should work
properly (ie regularly maintained to avoid long term stress to the user). It
may well be sensible to encourage people to take activity breaks as for DSE
users. I would assume that if monitors are used to view the image they
should be as suitable as modern computer screens ie sharp, no flicker and so
on (if they are connected to computers then the DSE regulations should apply
anyway).

Malcolm Haswell
e.m. unit
University of Sunderland
UK

PS DSE is Display Screen Equipment, VDUs, or computer screens.

DISCLAIMER - these are my own personal opinions based on practical
experience, even if I can't always achieve them.

----------

Dear Microscopy Listers

I have been tasked with coming up with something about using light
microscopes
without harming yourself! Not so funny, according to two of our
now-retired staff who counted plankton etc. for 20+ years. They both
suffered
neck/shoulder/back pain which eased after retirement.

In the UK we have a specific, detailed set of Regulations concerning
computer
use, another unspecific set covers all workstations e.g. supermarket
checkouts. A lot of the computer Regs. might be transferred to microscope
set-ups.

I'd appreciate any info, anything to avoid re-inventing the wheel!

Season's Greetings

Keith Ryan
Plymouth Marine Lab., UK





From: Leah L Dobbs
Date: 17 December 1997 17:51
Subject: Negative Scanners

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



I am certain that this has been discussed before but can anyone give me
guidance on the availability of large format black and white negative
scanners for e.m. cut film (up to about 8.3 cm x 10.2 cm)?

I know that some flat-bed print scanners can take adaptors for film but it
is not always obvious what format they can accommodate. At present the
resolution of print scanners appears to be improving (600 dpi true
resolution is not uncommon) and I suspect that for normal enlargement of 2
to 3x these would be just about adequate.

Any comments?

thanks
Malcolm Haswell
e.m. unit
University of Sunderland
UK

Oh and Merry Christmas to all my readers.
----------

Text item:

Does anyone have experience using the Polaroid Sprint Scan 45 for TEM
negatives? I would appreciate any opinions on this scanner.

Thanks,

Leah L Dobbs
TEM Analyst
Intel Corporation





From: Sara Prins :      SPrins-at-csir.co.za
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 1997 14:39:05 +0200
Subject: Jeol JSEM 200 STEM - 200 kV

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Disclaimer: The CSIR exercises no editorial control over E-mail
messages originating in the organisation and the
views in this message are therefore not necessarily
those of the CSIR and/or its employees.
Message-Id: {s4993452.076-at-csir.co.za}
X-Mailer: Novell GroupWise 4.1


Hi
We have a Jeol JSEM 200 STEM (200 kV) available at a nominal cost for
anybody interested. If you are interested in the machine, or can want a
part (high voltage transformer, lenses, scanning system, specimen
holders, gun, etc), please let me know as soon as possible as the
machine is heading for the scrapyard...
All shipping must be paid by yourself.

Sara Prins

Surface and Structure Analytical Services
Division for Materials Science and Technology
CSIR
PO Box 395
Pretoria
South Africa

tel +2712 8413974
fax +2712 8414395




From: Robert H. Olley :      R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 1997 14:19:11 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: Cryogen Freezing: instead of propane

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


On Thu, 18 Dec 1997, Dr P. Echlin wrote:

} There is no real need to purchase the quench cooling device you
} describe.... a little pool in the solid propane..... Variations of this
} are endless.

ISO-pentane freezes at about -160^C and comes in a bottle.

+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Robert H.Olley Phone: |
| J.J.Thomson Physical Laboratory {direct line +44 (0) 118 9318572 |
| University of Reading {University internal extension 7867 |
| Whiteknights Fax +44 (0) 118 9750203 |
| Reading RG6 6AF Email: R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk |
| England URL: http://www.reading.ac.uk/~spsolley |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+





From: dperetti-at-cmefcm.uncor.edu (Diego Peretti)
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 1997 11:14:54 +0300
Subject: unsuscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

unsuscribe me of your mailing list





From: Gerroir,Paul :      Paul_Gerroir-at-xn.xerox.com
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 1997 06:09:32 PST
Subject: Acoustic Microscopy - Access to Instrumentation?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


We are interested in imaging, (non-destructively) the internal
morphology of 6 - 8 micron polymeric particles. The SEM and TEM have
already been used for this study and we have determined the size of
internal voids to be between 0.1 and 0.4 microns. Does anyone know the
resolution limits of acoustic microscopy and the location of a
facility where I might get such work done?

Paul Gerroir




From: Barbara Foster :      mme-at-map.com
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 1997 13:51:21 -0500
Subject: Re: Acoustic Microscopy - Access to Instrumentation?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Gerroir,Paul wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} We are interested in imaging, (non-destructively) the internal
} morphology of 6 - 8 micron polymeric particles. The SEM and TEM have
} already been used for this study and we have determined the size of
} internal voids to be between 0.1 and 0.4 microns. Does anyone know the
} resolution limits of acoustic microscopy and the location of a
} facility where I might get such work done?
}
} Paul Gerroir
Dear Paul,

I'd suggest to talk to the people at SONOSCAN and Leica. Both have
acoustical microscopes in their product lines and may be able to suggest
a facility close to yours.

My contact at Sonoscan is Don Commare (708/766-7088). I'm not sure who
the Leica product manager is but you can reach Leica at (847)405-0123;
they can put you in touch with the correct person.

Best of luck.

Barbara Foster
Consortium President
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
53 Eton Street
Springfield, MA 01108-2838 USA
PH: (413)746-6931 FX: (413)746-9311 email: mme-at-map.com
****************************************************
Microscopy/Microscopy Education
America's first consortium of microscopy experts offering
customized on-site training & applications solutions




From: Dr P. Echlin :      pe13-at-cus.cam.ac.uk
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 1997 19:47:43 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: Re: Cryogen Freezing: instead of propane

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Robert:

Am I missing something ?
I never mentioned Isopentane.Of the two I mentioned ETHANE melting point
90K gives a mean cooling rate of 13-15 kKsec-1, PROPANE melting point 84K
gives a mean cooling rate of 10-12 kKsec-1. Your stuff, ISOPENTANE melting
point 113K does not cool as fast as the other two although I do not have
the figures to hand. If you want to read more see Chapter 3 in "Low
Temperature Microscopy and Analysis" by Patrick Echlin, Plenum Press, New
York 1992. When choosing a cryogen there are many factors to consider
including specific heat, thermal conductivity, relative cooling
efficiency, viscosity at the crogen melting point andthermal inertia.

To all cryomicroscopists the Seasons Greetings.

Patrick Echlin
Cambridge

Thu,
18 Dec 1997, Robert H. Olley wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
}
} On Thu, 18 Dec 1997, Dr P. Echlin wrote:
}
} } There is no real need to purchase the quench cooling device you
} } describe.... a little pool in the solid propane..... Variations of this
} } are endless.
}
} ISO-pentane freezes at about -160^C and comes in a bottle.
}
} +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
} | Robert H.Olley Phone: |
} | J.J.Thomson Physical Laboratory {direct line +44 (0) 118 9318572 |
} | University of Reading {University internal extension 7867 |
} | Whiteknights Fax +44 (0) 118 9750203 |
} | Reading RG6 6AF Email: R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk |
} | England URL: http://www.reading.ac.uk/~spsolley |
} +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
}
}





From: Garry Burgess :      GBurgess-at-exchange.hsc.mb.ca
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 1997 13:49:25 -0600
Subject: Hanna HI8424 pH Meter

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We have small and portable "Hanna HI8424 microcomputer pH meter" with an
electrode that now reads about ph=8.1 instead of pH=7.0 the true value.
When I push the calibrate button though, it just reads error (E4), and
there is no way that I can calibrate this meter.

The electrode only says HI 1332 on it, and it appears to be a Ag/AgCl
electrode. My problem is that I don't see "Hanna" listed in any
catalogs, so I'm not sure what electrode I should buy to replace this
electrode. It connects to the main control unit with a BNC connector.
I have already tried rejuvinating this electrode by soaking it in
various solutions, but so far nothing has changed in the way it reads.

Are there any Hanna pH meter types out there that might be able to
advise me on what electrode I should get, and where I can get this
electrode?

Not calibrated,
Garry




From: Garber, Charles A. :      cgarber-at-2spi.com
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 97 15:15:38 -0500
Subject: Accoustic microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

-- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --

Paul Gerroir wrote:
=========================================
We are interested in imaging, (non-destructively) the internal
morphology of 6 - 8 micron polymeric particles. The SEM and TEM have
already been used for this study and we have determined the size of
internal voids to be between 0.1 and 0.4 microns. Does anyone know the
resolution limits of acoustic microscopy and the location of a
facility where I might get such work done?
============================================
You might want to contact a firm in suburban Chicago called Sonoscan, Inc.
as follows:

Sonoscan, Inc.
530 E. Green St.
Bensenville, IL 60106 USA

Tel: 630-766-7088
Fax: 630-766-4603

You would want to talk to Dr. Larry Kessler who is the founder and, so far
as I know, still the President. He has helped me out of any number of
tricky problems that were solvable with or only with accoustic microscopy.
He is very knowledge about material science applications of accoustic
microscopy. But to my understand, which might not be state-of-the-art, the
resolution you are seeking I don't think is possible even with accoustic
microscopy.

Chuck

Disclaimer: I have no connection with Sonoscan, financial or other wise.


===================================================
Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com


Look for us!
############################
WWW: http://www.2spi.com
############################
==================================================




From: Augusto A. Morrone :      amorr-at-mse.ufl.edu
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 1997 17:57:14 -0500
Subject: TEM calibration

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Judy, Scott, and David:
Thank you for your response to my question on TEM calibration. I am
following up on your suggestions.

Augusto
_________________________________________________________________________
Augusto A. Morrone 107D-MEL, P.O. Box 116400
MAIC Materials Science and Engineering
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611
(352) 392-1497 or 6985
Fax: (352) 392-0390
amorr-at-mse.ufl.edu





From: Mary Huber :      kovex-at-spacestar.net
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 1997 15:45:08 -0600
Subject: LM - Engineering Manager

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

See our Web Page for detailed information about our current opening for
an engineering manager. web site:kovexcorp.com or e-mail me your resume
: kovex-at-spacestar.net, or telephone 612-486-9830 ext 113.




From: Ricky L Vaughn :      RLVAUGHN-at-MAIL.UNMC.EDU
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 1997 15:50:40 -0600
Subject: Carbon Evaporating equip

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I have some investigators that are interested in doing shadow casting of
DNA and large protien structures, but we do not have a carbon
evaporator. They would like me to get some sources and prices for a
equipment grant. Other than Electron Microscopy Sciences who else
sells them? Are there any opinions on this matter? Thanks.

Rick Vaughn

RLVAUGHN-at-MAIL.UNMC.EDU
EM Research Facility
Dept. Cell Biology & Anatomy
UNMC
Omaha, NE





From: jmkrupp-at-cats.ucsc.edu (Jon Krupp)
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 1997 14:54:05 -0800
Subject: Fast Blue B ?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi:

I have been asked to find a source for Fast Blue B.

According to the person making the request, Sigma, Fisher, and Acros have
all discontinued all Fast Blue B Salts and precursors.

Does anyone know of a source or have a stockpile on hand?

According to the requester, Fast Blue B and its salts are carcinogenic and
this is the reason they are no longer available. Don't ask me why he wants
to fool around with something like this, I am just the messenger.

Jonathan Krupp
Microscopy and Imaging Lab
University of California
Santa Cruz, CA 95064
(408) 459-2477
FAX (408) 429-0146
jmkrupp-at-cats.ucsc.edu






From: Wolfgang Muss :      W.Muss-at-lkasbg.gv.at
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 00:00:36 +-100
Subject: Greetings

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


------ =_NextPart_000_01BD0C12.8611CCA0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

SALZBURG, 18th Dec. 1997, 11.15 p.m. local time

Dear Friends,
I had the opportunity to share someone's: YOUR collegial friendship in =
communicating more or less frequently via the MSA-Listserver or on else =
opportunity. I received most valuable informations and help regarding my =
requests (some were urgent) and will forward as intensely my knowledge, =
if appropriate.
For all those I promised informations, reprints, methods, silicone =
rubber molds and instructions and else material: please apologize at =
that moment for my being late with a lot of things. The month before =
Christmas time every year is a strong one regarding daily stress of work =
(all specimen preparations in our Lab. on my own, lectures, official and =
administrative work, etc....and singing in a choir, the SALZBURG =
MOZART-CHOIR with 4 different concert performances this month).
I didn't forget (hope so) any of you and of my promises to you.
Please allow for another some weeks, hopefully after holidays things =
will go on faster than now. If one feels that something was not received =
or mailed which should have been in the mail for a long time, please =
feel free to urge or claim.

To all of you and yours greetings and my best wishes=20
for A Merry Christmas, at least some calm, familial and quiet days of =
relaxation, as well as all the best for a HEALTHY, HAPPY, PROSPEROUS and =
SUCCESSFUL NEW YEAR.

yours truly, *Wolfgang*

(Out of the Lab from 23rd Dec. to 7th of Jan, '98; but as I know me, I =
will be in at some days in between for "work-up" of unsettled items)

Dr. Wolfgang MUSS
Department of Pathology, LKA
EM-Laboratory
Muellner Hauptstrasse 48
A-5020 SALZBURG
AUSTRIA/Europe

phone: ++43++ 662 + 4482 + 4720 Ext
fax: ++43++ 662 + 4482 + 882 Ext.
e-mail: W.Muss-at-lkasbg.gv.at (note: "l" right to "-at-" is a small "L")


------ =_NextPart_000_01BD0C12.8611CCA0
Content-Type: application/ms-tnef
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
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------ =_NextPart_000_01BD0C12.8611CCA0--





From: Wolfgang Muss :      W.Muss-at-lkasbg.gv.at
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 01:45:46 +-100
Subject: AW: Hanna HI8424 pH Meter

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

SALZBURG, 19th of Dec. 1997, 01.35 a.m. local time

Dear Garry, dear all, surprising doublette:=20
the same happens/-ed with my pH-meter (BECKMAN ZEROMATIC IV) or better =
the connected combination electrode (Ag/AgCl).
I confess, the meter/electrode was not in use for three or four months =
now, but: electrode was soaked all the time in a so called "storing =
solution" originally supplied from BECKMAN (solution adjusted to pH =
4.0). I am watching now about 4 weeks what happens: despite "stand =
by-function", the analog meter showed initially slowly increasing values =
starting pH 7.0 to 8.5, now, after 4 weeks, it "displays" (without being =
"in action") pH 11.0. If changing function from "Stand By"-mode to =
"measuring" it displays pH 8.0.
Now idea what goes on. Maybe a malfunction of an electrode too old =
aged?? (about 5 years of age). I have not tried to compensate or to =
refresh the electrode anyway, but there is white crystal growth on the =
upper outside of the electrode tube, far away from the solutions in the =
storage baker.
Somebody out there with an idea? (BECKMAN as "last chance", I know)

Thanks in advance,
best regards,

Dr. Wolfgang MUSS
Department of Pathology, LKA
EM-Laboratory
Muellner Hauptstrasse 48
A-5020 SALZBURG
AUSTRIA/Europe

phone: ++43++ 662 + 4482 + 4720 Ext
fax: ++43++ 662 + 4482 + 882 Ext.
e-mail: W.Muss-at-lkasbg.gv.at (note: "l" right to "-at-" is a small "L")


=20
GARRY BURGESS WROTE:
----------
Von: Garry Burgess[SMTP:GBurgess-at-exchange.hsc.mb.ca]
Gesendet: Donnerstag, 18. Dezember 1997 20:49
An: 'Microscopy Society of America - Mailing List'
Betreff: Hanna HI8424 pH Meter

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America=20

We have small and portable "Hanna HI8424 microcomputer pH meter" with an
electrode that now reads about ph=3D8.1 instead of pH=3D7.0 the true =
value.
When I push the calibrate button though, it just reads error (E4), and
there is no way that I can calibrate this meter.

The electrode only says HI 1332 on it, and it appears to be a Ag/AgCl
electrode. My problem is that I don't see "Hanna" listed in any
catalogs, so I'm not sure what electrode I should buy to replace this
electrode. It connects to the main control unit with a BNC connector.
I have already tried rejuvinating this electrode by soaking it in
various solutions, but so far nothing has changed in the way it reads.

Are there any Hanna pH meter types out there that might be able to
advise me on what electrode I should get, and where I can get this
electrode?

Not calibrated,
Garry







From: Jim Darley :      jim-at-proscitech.com.au
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 11:23:49 +1100
Subject: Re: Cryogen Freezing: instead of propane

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dr Echlin is quite right. Isopentane had been used as a freezing compound a
long time ago, but I sure was glad when propane was advocated as a better
alternative. I started using propane about 15 years ago. Isopentane behaves
like a "gone off" rubber solution near its freezing point and freezes well
before propane.
Jim Darley

ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
Phone +61 77 740 370 Fax: +61 77 892 313
Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
************************ http://www.proscitech.com.au

} On Thu, 18 Dec 1997, Dr P. Echlin wrote:
}
} } There is no real need to purchase the quench cooling device you
} } describe.... a little pool in the solid propane..... Variations of
this
} } are endless.
}
} ISO-pentane freezes at about -160^C and comes in a bottle.
}
}
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
} | Robert H.Olley Phone:
|





From: Jim Darley :      jim-at-proscitech.com.au
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 11:29:32 +1100
Subject: Re: Negative Scanners

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Malcolm, our Links page has two sites that deal with "scanners". Use
control F to find these sites. The site at Basel Uni lists numerous
scanners and gives a good deal of technical details.
Jim Darley

ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
Phone +61 77 740 370 Fax: +61 77 892 313
Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
************************ http://www.proscitech.com.au

}
} I am certain that this has been discussed before but can anyone give me
} guidance on the availability of large format black and white negative
} scanners for e.m. cut film (up to about 8.3 cm x 10.2 cm)?
}
} I know that some flat-bed print scanners can take adaptors for film but
it
} is not always obvious what format they can accommodate. At present the
} resolution of print scanners appears to be improving (600 dpi true
} resolution is not uncommon) and I suspect that for normal enlargement of
2
} to 3x these would be just about adequate.
}
} Any comments?
}
} thanks
} Malcolm Haswell
} e.m. unit
} University of Sunderland
} UK
}
} Oh and Merry Christmas to all my readers.
} ----------
} From: Leah L Dobbs
} To: Microscopy-request; microscopy
} Subject: Negative Scanners
} Date: 17 December 1997 17:51
}
} Text item:
}
} Does anyone have experience using the Polaroid Sprint Scan 45 for TEM
} negatives? I would appreciate any opinions on this scanner.
}
} Thanks,
}
} Leah L Dobbs
} TEM Analyst
} Intel Corporation
}




From: Robert H. Olley :      R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 09:39:31 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: Re: Cryogen Freezing: instead of propane

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


On Fri, 19 Dec 1997, Jim Darley wrote:

} Dr Echlin is quite right. Isopentane had been used as a freezing compound a
} long time ago, but I sure was glad when propane was advocated as a better
} alternative. I started using propane about 15 years ago. Isopentane behaves
} like a "gone off" rubber solution near its freezing point and freezes well
} before propane.

Jim Darley is also right. I had overestimated iso-pentane, partly as a
result of getting my Celsius and Kelvin mixed up! But for less critical
work, like rapid quenching of polymer melts, it is sometimes helpful where
working with a bottle of gas might not be allowed.

+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Robert H.Olley Phone: |
| J.J.Thomson Physical Laboratory {direct line +44 (0) 118 9318572 |
| University of Reading {University internal extension 7867 |
| Whiteknights Fax +44 (0) 118 9750203 |
| Reading RG6 6AF Email: R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk |
| England URL: http://www.reading.ac.uk/~spsolley |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+





From: John Arnott :      ladres-at-worldnet.att.net
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 08:35:04 -0500
Subject: Re: Carbon Evaporating equip

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Garry

I've got a Hanna HI 8520 with autocalibrate at 4.01, 7.0 and 10.0. It is new
and works fine at the moment with it's supplied electrode but will not
autocalibrate with an TRIS resistant electrode that we bought at the same
time. I still need to contact my suppliers.
I will let you know if I get anywhere.

Malcolm Haswell
University of Sunderland
UK
----------

Ricky L Vaughn wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.}
} I have some investigators that are interested in doing shadow casting of
} DNA and large protien structures, but we do not have a carbon
} evaporator. They would like me to get some sources and prices for a
} equipment grant. Other than Electron Microscopy Sciences who else
} sells them? Are there any opinions on this matter? Thanks.
}
} Rick Vaughn
}
} RLVAUGHN-at-MAIL.UNMC.EDU
} EM Research Facility
} Dept. Cell Biology & Anatomy
} UNMC
} Omaha, NE

Rick,

We at Ladd Research are among those who manufracture and sell carbon
evaporation systems. Please e-mail or call 1-800-451-3406 and we can
talk options and pricing.

John Arnott
Ladd Research
13 Dorset Lane
Williston, VT 05495

TEL (US) 1-800-451-6406
1-802-878-6711
FAX 1-802-878-8074
e-mail ladres-at-worldnet.att.net




From: GARONEL-at-cliffy.polaroid.com (LYNNE C GARONE)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 08:57:54 -0500
Subject: EDS on the ESEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Fellow Microscopists,
We have just installed a "windowless" Si(Li) EDS detector for our
ESEM. We would like to establish the spatial resolution of the
detector in the system as a function of our typical ESEM conditions:
15KV, short working distance using the extended bullet, about 1 torr
pressure, gas: air, at room and cryogenic temperatures. We are curious
if fellow ESEMer's have undertaken a similar study and have some
numbers to share. Are there better conditions to optimize performance?
Any suggestions for good standards to test the spatial resolution?

HOPE YOUR HOLIDAYS ARE MAGNIFI-CENT!!

Lynne Garone
Robert Baron
Polaroid Corp.
GaroneL-at-Polaroid.com




From: Brandon j Hernandez :      brandon-at-gotnet.net
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 08:27:33 -0600
Subject: EM student needs help!!

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Can anyone please tell me the "a" spacing of 302 St. Steel, using the JEOL
100CX TEM/SCAN viewed at 100kv.....or how i could find that
out?........Please email me ASAP
Thank You.....and have a Merry Christmas
Brandon Hernandez (EM student)






From: edelmare-at-casmail.muohio.edu
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 09:33:38 -0500
Subject: Re: Carbon Evaporating equip

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

O.k., here's a list to get you started. I know I've left some off
- no offense was indended, and hopefully the vendors themselves
contact you.

NOTE: One strong recommendation. Apparently most vacuum evaporator
companies supply for the optical and elctronics industries, NOT
MICROSCOPY, make sure when you order that if the system has an Oil
diffusion pump you specify that it NOT be filled with Silicon oil
(Silicon + EM = VERY BAD), but a non-Si based oil (i.e. Santovac, or
alternative).



Carbon Evaporator Vendors:
(Alphbetically)

Balzers

[North American Rep.]
Technotrade International
7 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3343
Tel (603)622-5011
Fax (603)622-5211

=} Balzers is primarily involved with vacuum coating systems for the
optical industry, but decades ago (1960's?) expanded their systems
into the microscopy world as well. Tend to be (1) expensive, (2)
finicky, (3) Techno Trade is very helpful to deal with though.


Denton Vacuum Inc.
1259 North Church Street
Moorestown, NJ 08057

PH: 609.439.9100
FAX: 609.439.9111

=} I presently have two different models and they work quite nicely.
The design / layout of electrical connectors, mechanical connetor
(rotator) could be better for ease (Need two wrenches) and keeping
clean. but not enough to swear off of them.



Edwards High Vacuum International
301 Ballardvale Street
Wilmington, MA 01887

PH: 800.848.9800
508.685.5410
FAX: 5080.657.6546
http://www.edwards.boc.com/




EMITech
E.M. Integrated Technologies

3845 FM 1960 W. Suite 345
Houston, TX 77068

PH: 800.444.3137
713.893.2067
FAX: 713.893.8443


Energy Beam Sciences, Inc.
P.o. Box 468
11 Bowles Road
Agawam, MA 01001

PH: 800.992.9037
FAX: 413.789.2786
http://www.mwrn.com/ebs/



Ladd Research Industries, Inc.
P.O. Box 1005
Burlington, VT 05402
PH: 802.878.6711
FAX: 802.878.8074

=} Bill Ladd designed one of the best, easiest to configure, easiest
to clean, most flexible stage areas I have ever worked with (My
Opinion). But Bill left Ladd a few years ago, and things were ...
fuzy (?) for a while. Haven't dealt with them in three years.


Ted Pella, Inc.
4595 Mountain Lakes Blvd.
Redding, CA 96003

PH: 800.237.3526 (USA)
800.637.3526 (Calf.)
800.243.7665 (Canada)
916.243.2200
Fax: 916.243.3761
http://www.tedpella.com/


SPI Supplies
P.o. Box 656
569 East Gay Street
West Chester, PA 19381-0656

PH: 800.2424.SPI
FAX: 215.436.5755
http://mail.cccbi.chester.pa.us/spi/catalog.html

Richard E. Edelmann, Ph.D.
Electron Microscopy Facility Supervisor
352 Pearson Hall
Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056
Ph: 513.529.5712 Fax: 513.529.4243
E-mail: edelmare-at-muohio.edu


"640K ought to be enough for anybody."
-- Bill Gates, 1981




From: Raymond F Egerton :      egerton-at-phys.ualberta.ca
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 08:10:15 -0700 (MST)
Subject: Albert Prebus (1913-1997)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Albert Prebus, one of the pioneers of transmission electron microscopy,
died at his home in Columbus (Ohio) last Tuesday. The funeral will take
place today (Friday).

After receiving B.Sc and MSc. degrees from the University of Alberta, he
constructed the first North-American electron microscope at the
University of Toronto in 1938, for which he earned the first Ph.D
granted in electron microscopy. His achievments were honored in 1978 with
an honorary Doctor of Science degree from the University of Toronto,
presented at the 9th International Congress on Electron Microscopy.

In 1940, Dr. Prebus joined the Department of Physics at Ohio State
University and retired as Professor Emeritus in 1978.


Ray Egerton, Physics Dept, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada T6G 2J1
Phone: 403-492-5095, FAX: 403-492-0714, e-mail: egerton-at-phys.ualberta.ca
------------------------------------------------------------------------






From: GANTZ-at-med-biophd.bu.edu
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 10:55:54 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Carbon Evaporator Manufacturers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Rick Vaughn:
Two worthy carbon evaporator manufacturers come to mind:
Edwards High Vacuum at 1-800-848-9800 and Denton Vacuum at 609-439-9100.
Our Denton 502A evaporator is in its 13th year and has provided very
reliable service and when technical information was needed they are very
helpful people. I suppose this is a shameless plug for a company with
which I have no financial interest.
Good luck in your search.
Don Gantz
Biophysics Department
Boston Univ Medical School




From: edelmare-at-casmail.muohio.edu
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 11:26:48 -0500
Subject: Codonics vs Tektronix

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

O.k., all you digital imaging folks: Looking for comments of any
kind comparing the Condonics NP-1600 and the Tektronix Phaser 450.
We're presently in the market to purchase a full page "publication
quality" dye-sublimation printer, and based on vendor lit.,
listserver comments, and industry reviews. (Where as the Fuji
Pictography 3000 looks really nice its just a little out of our
price range, scarily slow).

Image Sources:

- Need to print via a networked solution, perferably a directly
networked printer.

- Printing variety of images, but primarily Greyscale EM, color
Confocal, and full color LM images. Ranging from 256 x 256, on up to
over 5,000 x 5,000. (Fully realizing that at 300dpi 1:1 isn't going
to happen)

- Printing from Intel PC's (Primarily Win NT) and Some Mac's, and a
variety of software.


Codonics:

Whereas this printer comes highly regommended by the Microscopy
community (Even recommened by a vendor who sold the Tektronix and
NOT the Condonics) I have some grave concerns about it.

(1) Considering the highly computer oriented nature of digital
imaging, the Condonics web site(http:\\www.codonics.com\) is
pathetic, and last updated Aug, 6, 1997 with the NP-1600 page
updated Dec, 5, 1995!). No online tech support, no on-line
drivers, no FAQ's, no even a downloadable PDF manual. Whereas the
"built in floppy drive for easy upgradability" maybe great but where
do the "upgrades" come from? Snail mail communications? Any feeling
for longer term support? (Last Codonics I worked with, '90-'94,
worked great, but 1.5 years after purchase Tech support didn't really
want to help at all with drivers for Windows 3.1 world, they had
moved on to better things I guess)

(2) What, if any, options are there?

(3) Web search for "codonics" only results in 50-60 different sites
for "Instructions for printing to the Codonics printer".

(4) No OS specific drivers, simply allows straight transfer of
most image formats to the printer (this is nice) or relies on
Post-Script printing (which is an option? How is it implemented?),
but does require "loging on" and some rather criptic numerical
"print-like-this" mode commands. I take it you are stuck with 1:1
printing and thus have to scale your image sizes prior to printing.

(5) From the user end (since most users aren't computer techno geeks
like some of the rest of us) how user friendly is it really?

(6) Very fast, to Fastest on market - great. Any comments,
particularly compared to Tektronix?

(7) Handles multiple jobs simultaneously - again great! Any
comments?


TEKTRONIX

(1) Solid support for a variety of printing environs but primarily
graphics industry, not sci. imaging.

(2) Solid on-line tech support.

(3) Requires OS specific drivers - how easily installed?

(4) Requires memory upgrade for larger image printing.


Any requested confidentiality for candid comments will be strongly
protected. Vendors should feel free to reply as well.

Thank you.



Richard E. Edelmann, Ph.D.
Electron Microscopy Facility Supervisor
352 Pearson Hall
Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056
Ph: 513.529.5712 Fax: 513.529.4243
E-mail: edelmare-at-muohio.edu


"640K ought to be enough for anybody."
-- Bill Gates, 1981




From: William Tivol :      tivol-at-wadsworth.org
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 11:45:28 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: EDS on the ESEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Lynne,

} We would like to establish the spatial resolution of the
} detector in the system as a function of our typical ESEM conditions:
} 15KV, short working distance using the extended bullet, about 1 torr
} pressure, gas: air, at room and cryogenic temperatures.

David Joy has a Monte Carlo program to calculate the emission
volume for x-rays. I don't know whether he has anything which will
account for the E in the ESEM, but I'd ask him (the beam spread and
x-ray absorption might be negligable anyway).

} Any suggestions for good standards to test the spatial resolution?
}
That depends on what you are going to examine. The SR depends on
the average Z of the matrix among other things, and it can also depend on
the element of interest. If you will be looking at biological specimens,
perhaps something like magnetotactic bacteria would be useful--they have
~1 mu-m particles of magnetite. If you have some small particles of the
element of interest, you could disperse them in a sucrose solution. (I
calculated the % sucrose which gives about the right density and compo-
sition for cells, but I don't have it with me.) I wonder if MAG*I*CAL
can be useful for mineral specimens. You might be able to detect the
Ge in the Si matrix, but I don't remember whether the Ge-containing bits
are separated by enough distance. I have measured SR (crudely) by
taking spectra on particles and in the matrix near them. This could be
done correctly to get some function similar to a point spread function
(of course, there is not enough signal from a point, so you'll have to
examine an area { { your probe). Good luck.
Yours,
Bill Tivol




From: Michael OKeefe :      Michael_OKeefe-at-macmail.lbl.gov
Date: 19 Dec 1997 10:25:23 -0700
Subject: FWD>Codonics vs Tektronix

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
"microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Co" {microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com}
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP/QM 3.0.0



From: Michael OKeefe :      Michael_OKeefe-at-macmail.lbl.gov
Date: 19 Dec 1997 10:25:23 -0700
Subject: FWD>Codonics vs Tektronix

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America




From: Michael OKeefe :      Michael_OKeefe-at-macmail.lbl.gov
Date: 19 Dec 1997 10:25:23 -0700
Subject: FWD>Codonics vs Tektronix

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Sorry Ray. I mis-sent this one to you.
-Mike

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

O.k., all you digital imaging folks: Looking for comments of any
kind comparing the Condonics NP-1600 and the Tektronix Phaser 450.
We're presently in the market to purchase a full page "publication
quality" dye-sublimation printer, and based on vendor lit.,
listserver comments, and industry reviews. (Where as the Fuji
Pictography 3000 looks really nice its just a little out of our
price range, scarily slow).

Image Sources:

- Need to print via a networked solution, perferably a directly
networked printer.

- Printing variety of images, but primarily Greyscale EM, color
Confocal, and full color LM images. Ranging from 256 x 256, on up to
over 5,000 x 5,000. (Fully realizing that at 300dpi 1:1 isn't going
to happen)

- Printing from Intel PC's (Primarily Win NT) and Some Mac's, and a
variety of software.


Codonics:

Whereas this printer comes highly regommended by the Microscopy
community (Even recommened by a vendor who sold the Tektronix and
NOT the Condonics) I have some grave concerns about it.

(1) Considering the highly computer oriented nature of digital
imaging, the Condonics web site(http:\\www.codonics.com\) is
pathetic, and last updated Aug, 6, 1997 with the NP-1600 page
updated Dec, 5, 1995!). No online tech support, no on-line
drivers, no FAQ's, no even a downloadable PDF manual. Whereas the
"built in floppy drive for easy upgradability" maybe great but where
do the "upgrades" come from? Snail mail communications? Any feeling
for longer term support? (Last Codonics I worked with, '90-'94,
worked great, but 1.5 years after purchase Tech support didn't really
want to help at all with drivers for Windows 3.1 world, they had
moved on to better things I guess)

(2) What, if any, options are there?

(3) Web search for "codonics" only results in 50-60 different sites
for "Instructions for printing to the Codonics printer".

(4) No OS specific drivers, simply allows straight transfer of
most image formats to the printer (this is nice) or relies on
Post-Script printing (which is an option? How is it implemented?),
but does require "loging on" and some rather criptic numerical
"print-like-this" mode commands. I take it you are stuck with 1:1
printing and thus have to scale your image sizes prior to printing.

(5) From the user end (since most users aren't computer techno geeks
like some of the rest of us) how user friendly is it really?

(6) Very fast, to Fastest on market - great. Any comments,
particularly compared to Tektronix?

(7) Handles multiple jobs simultaneously - again great! Any
comments?


TEKTRONIX

(1) Solid support for a variety of printing environs but primarily
graphics industry, not sci. imaging.

(2) Solid on-line tech support.

(3) Requires OS specific drivers - how easily installed?

(4) Requires memory upgrade for larger image printing.


Any requested confidentiality for candid comments will be strongly
protected. Vendors should feel free to reply as well.

Thank you.



Richard E. Edelmann, Ph.D.
Electron Microscopy Facility Supervisor
352 Pearson Hall
Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056
Ph: 513.529.5712 Fax: 513.529.4243
E-mail: edelmare-at-muohio.edu


"640K ought to be enough for anybody."
-- Bill Gates, 1981






From: Lisa Olivia :      LOlivia-at-FEICO.COM
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 10:34:33 -0800
Subject: Scientist opening

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Message-ID: {c=US%a=_%p=FEICO%l=M-5-971219183433Z-1565-at-m-5.feico.com}

FEI Company in Hillsboro, OR has the following position open:

JOB TITLE: Particle Optics Scientist
DEPARTMENT: Systems R&D
REPORTS TO: R&D Manager

1) GENERAL PURPOSE:

Perform particle optics experiments and provide assistance for
development of new particle optics devices.

2) ESSENTIAL RESPONSIBILITIES:

A) Perform particle optics calculations on electron / ion columns or
analyzers using Munro and / or similar programs. These can include
magnetic and electrostatic fields, deflection systems, as well as
paraxial, 2D or full 3D modeling. Beam interactions can also be
involved.
B) Perform experiments on new particle optical devices.
C) Keep up with the particle optics community through the literature and
conferences.
D) Write internal specifications, proposals and reports.
E) Interact with customers regarding requirements for new particle
optics.
F) Serve on new product development teams as scientific advisor and for
testing.


3) EDUCATION AND/OR EXPERIENCE:

A) Ph.D. is science or engineering.
B) 4 years experience using Munro or similar particle optics programs.
C) Particle optics experimental experience.
D) Experience installing and maintaining particle optic programs on a
PC.
E) Demonstrated creativity.
F) Ability to modify existing or write special particle optics programs.

Interested applicants should submit their resume to Lisa Olivia either
by FAX at 503-640-7509 or email at lolivia-at-feico.com
FEI Company, 7451 N.W. Evergreen Parkway, Hillsboro, OR 97124
****





From: Lisa Olivia :      LOlivia-at-FEICO.COM
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 10:40:44 -0800
Subject: Applications Development Engineer position

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

FEI Company in Hillsboro, OR has the following position available:

JOB TITLE: DualBeam Applications Development Engineer
DEPARTMENT: Applications Development
REPORTS TO: Applications Development Manager

SUPERVISORY RESPONSIBILITY:

Generally none, but may give general direction to various laboratory
assistants and technicians.


JOB SUMMARY:

Develop applications for the DualBeam market, including demonstration
and sales support as necessary.

ESSENTIAL RESPONSIBILITIES:

1. Conceive, plan and conduct experimental research to advance
applications knowledge as applied to use of DualBeam in-line and
laboratory FIB/SEM tools.
2. Acquire information about customer requirements through observation
of FEI customer FIB demos, direct contact with customers and from other
available marketing input.
3. Aid specification of software and hardware development or
modification as necessary to implement applications consistent with
safety considerations.
4. Recommend and advise on direction for potential DualBeam applications
consistent with customer requirements and technical feasibility.
5. As necessary, demonstrate system operation and applications in
support of Technical Marketing efforts.
6. Develop and conduct customer training programs in DualBeam
applications either on site at FEI or at customer facility.
7. Develop and conduct technology transfer documents and training
programs in DualBeam applications for FEI technical staff.
8. Develop scientific and technical information at conferences and
meetings in support of sales and marketing efforts.
9. Disseminate general information regarding technologies relevant to
advancement of DualBeam applications.

OTHER DUTIES:

1. Provide scientific and technical support to R & D, Manufacturing,
Customer Service and other departments as required.
2. Assist with writing manuals and reviews.
3. Other duties as temporarily assigned by supervisor.

MINIMUM EDUCATION, EXPERIENCE AND QUALIFICATIONS:

1. MS in Physics, Chemistry or related discipline.
2. 2+ years experience in operating FIB, DualBeam=99, SEM or similar
analytical systems in a lab or FAB environment.
3. Experience in defect review, inspection and other semiconductor
process applications is highly desired.
4. Able to interact effectively with various employees, customers and
groups at FEI and customer sites.
5. Familiar with UHV
6. Willing and able to travel up to 20% of time.
7.Eligible for passport.

Interested candidates should submit their resume to Lisa Olivia,
preferably by email: lolivia-at-feico.com or FAX: 503-640-7509
FEI Company, 7451 N.W. Evergreen Parkway, Hillsboro, OR 97124







From: David E. Luzzi :      luzzi-at-lrsm.upenn.edu
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 13:41:08 -0500
Subject: Opp. - Post-doc. in Materials Science at Penn

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Postdoctoral Fellowship in Materials Science

Atomic Structure / Property Relations of Interfaces in TiAl

An opening exists for a postdoctoral fellow in my research group at the
University of Pennsylvania. This position is funded by a grant from the
National Science Foundation on the study of interface atomic structure and
diffusion in a model material system. The work will be primarily
experimental with heavy emphasis on the use of state-of-the-art electron
microscopy facilities at Penn. Characterization of the atomic structure
and composition profile of interfaces will be correlated with measurements
of interface diffusion by in-situ experiments. The in-situ experiments
will be conducted at Penn and at Oak Ridge National Laboratory through an
ongoing formalized collaboration. The post-doctoral fellow will likely
make multiple trips to ORNL in connection with this work. The project will
also include continuous collaboration with another Penn group conducting an
atomistic modeling study of interface diffusion. Experimental facilities
at Penn critical to this effort are a new JEOL 2010F field emission gun
transmission electron microscope with several unique capabilities, a JEOL
4000 high-resolution transmission electron microscope, a Phi scanning Auger
microprobe, and an optical float zone furnace. Materials Science at Penn
has a wide range of other experimental facilities, excellent on-site
computational hardware, an active and highly regarded faculty and a vibrant
research atmosphere. If you are interested in learning more about this
challenging opportunity, contact me at luzzi-at-lrsm.upenn.edu.



David E. Luzzi
Professor
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6272

1-215-898-8366 (phone)
1-215-573-2128 (fax)
luzzi-at-lrsm.upenn.edu






From: jmkrupp-at-cats.ucsc.edu (Jon Krupp)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 11:38:31 -0800
Subject: JEOL 100S & Hitachi H-800 Available

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

The former Botany Department at the University of California at Davis has
two instruments available to interested folks.

The first instrument is a JEOL 100S TEM, vintage about 1981. If you are
interested, contact Gary Zamzow (530-752-8865;gwzamzow-at-ucdavis.edu).

The second instrument is an Hitachi S-800 SEM, vintage about 1981. This is
one of Hitachi's early FEG instruments and has had some modifications, it
may also have a Kevex x-ray system. If you are interested, contact Rick
Falk (rhfalk-at-ucdavis.edu).

I am a former graduate student in the former department and would be happy
to tell you what I know about the instruments, but you must contact those
listed above for information regarding price or other terms.

Jonathan Krupp
Microscopy and Imaging Lab
University of California
Santa Cruz, CA 95064
(408) 459-2477
FAX (408) 429-0146
jmkrupp-at-cats.ucsc.edu






From: Randy Nessler :      rnessler-at-emiris.iaf.uiowa.edu
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 14:11:02 -0600
Subject: Thanks Re: "finder" coverslip

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Thanks for all of the suggestions, I've passed on the information to
Matt, and it looks like the Eppendorf finder slip is the best for his
application.
--
Randy Nessler rnessler-at-emiris.iaf.uiowa.edu
Views expressed are my own.




From: Leo Marin :      leo-at-spine.med.utoronto.ca
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 15:15:20 -0500 (EST)
Subject: unsubscribing for the holidays

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

unsubscribe




From: Leo Marin :      leo-at-spine.med.utoronto.ca
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 15:15:20 -0500 (EST)
Subject: unsubscribing for the holidays

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

unsubscribe




From: STANKOVIC-at-fns.uniba.sk
Date: 19 Dec 97 21:36:42
Subject: Merry Christmas and Happy New Year

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Merry Christmas
as well as all the best for Healthy, Happy, Prosperous and
Successful New Year
yours truly
J o z e f Stankovic
p.s.
tento subor je nutne odkodovat programom MIME64 resp. BASE64
a az potom spustit, lebo inac nefunguje.

This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not
understand
this format, some or all of this message may not be legible.

------ =_NextPart_000_01BD0A23.441C9960
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

}

------ =_NextPart_000_01BD0A23.441C9960
Content-Type: application/octet-stream; name="pf1998.exe"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64

TVqAAC8AAAACALsN//9iE4AAAAAOALAFHAAAAExaOTH//1hYEgJBTklNIC0gZ3JhZv//aWNrYSBh
bmltYWNlOyAoY/8/KSBNaXJvc2xhdiBOZW1l/P/raw0KoQIALQAQjtC8+P///7QSuxBe6C0bgP8C
cwWA+///BXYGLsYGhyAAtA/oGBsuog//gSCxBLigjtiLHgAALv+/iR51IIPDD9PrA8Muo3kg/v/q
/O//eyAuxwZ9IP//M8DoihCGBdMW9A4f9P/hULQBzRZYdAa0APnr8n94o+cCuCMlujjsIbgINYD/
+615AYwGewG6ghDzAfAl6wnr4fCQAuvjArrp0wny8OsA6/AD6/IDuoFy9APw6xvr9gwh6/jr+usb
AvzrkWuhbASLFmEMbgRv7xd78QF++46cZY4GdyCLNvgQB/v86NkCJ/0C/O6gI2zoMhouxcAIFnyD
9ozAh472kgj8mfadpORhJAMM/OZhycW0TOAw8gf//y7/pAF1DP8O/w75LoA+gQEAdIf7Dy7+Dvh1
T1DL/Fgug/ERPn/pP1BTHtk8DPVs/IseffaDBh8f+wKLHy6Ix7cA0eP+/+qf7wF0ErC25kOKw+ZC
igDDx/y7DAO7HzD8W7n/LlWFjoWG+f//fth3HnHFasdkH1/IWb5U/f//T39LQ0dDQ3w/7DuPOGM1
Y///Mo8v5CxfKv4nwCWhI6Ehvv//H/YdSByxGjIZyBdyFjAV////E+AS0RHREN8P+w4kDlkNmf//
DOQLOQuYCgAKcAnoCGgI8P//B34HEgesBkwG8gWdBUwFAP//BbgEdAQ0BPgDvwOJA1YDJv//A/kC
zgKmAoACXAI6AhoC/P9/Ad8BxAGrAZMBfAFnAVMBQPj/KAEdAQ0B/gDwAOIA1v//AMoAvgC0AKkA
oACXAI8Ah///AH8AeABxAGsAZQBfAFoAVf//AFAASwBHAEMAPwA8ADkANffrADIAMF3pKgAoACaZ
98Txu//hQACO2+Rgi9iB4750Yu/wgPtgc12O8eUC8zj2Bg+HlgQCdDHsR3IK+3/4U3cFgMMZ6yL2
HHUEs0M8b+sZ9x33besQxMP3OPdk6wf3Nf9/dQKzcC6IHn8DqIB0CC7Gh/jo9wDrDC7++DHx/vA3
j/mLHhwAnC7/cOk7fiP2dA6LBy4+6Yn0bNX8GgBu8c/46Ar/+GmK/Fbh4xT1AwH6GgT0Ld7/+s+s
iti86/+Xkhzr8jPAcP/D/YocRu39ghtz8vjD2P/5/lDr+AuLyFjjC0njBh8Oi9j36+L837gBAF56
+974DFn36e74DswFmff53DjSAIDk+BIH5IvCoP/nfuT4D4P5EHYCsRC129PgyfgR5f7ogPgPA8HT
+BEr7PgPf8NZO8G4//90Aoz4D1nWdGiMBObR+BDI63y22dHn+BR/5/gXfuf4F33nj/AN3Yb30NX4
DyPB7/gOC+/4DzPv4PCtyu34CZIc8q1Wi4+/8Ogh/l72i9gmigeY4y/3/IsH+FDoGf5bA+r+vDDy
C/7R4PD8/WcB/N/tHi6LFnsgjto7BgA+6d8PAxYCAC47ZNFy7fkfw/+H/lNRUlZXHgb7/I7CsbAP
DuQD0WnaIC4pDg+/+yvadC/I6xCMwYHB5+HQycGM2fjZufs72Z/+cwKLy9Hh/jP2M//zpeE/gevq
d9UHH19eWllb/OEtUYvGsQTT6M0DwX/4jtiB5g8AWVjrUjPALv+foIIgvRQA9+UFkh6L6FrC8Ou0
b6CNjvcmhTv9IIv4V9GDIOlTVR4OHz/A6Mv/xwZLIEdsR78fIKE/IAvAeZrxO8N+DqMOP/Arw6Pl
KQZPIHYj5FDbTdtJ20Hb+AtAgPDb5dtw/FHbW6FD5XhUQHkPjwFIPjuG0X4FPotDwPkrBrV+77jD
1HMDo/uhRdou2v0CwALa/PnatH4ACBjat9rDAfuDPtYAdAj5/gH1APh1AfkfXVtMPhzXngQAUKHX
9+MDh/+rA/j+WIbgPAB1ArAfBtv80eOLDtNXUfr4/8bzq1lfA/vi8sOhMyBhCKNd0SY1+V9wcIbH
PvemvsT+w7f44/X7w1e1AC6KzKS/dEfi/F8uA74U4fvDw1CE32j49+IDw9Hgl/gKHeCrw+HSAwPM
uoDhD/8DsP/S6P6iZyCyBCrRwz+2AKG3K8J4G4vQ0egMEP6iZt7BsWL458ra4P6iaCDrMdweApSw
7cGKyOv8YQggBsTGBuYAAAD70cBc38PIcwSB9wBU/fiLFpjR8PDq/gP6izbjgeYHT/8AgcZpIBRR
V+gUAF9Z4UT3x9R0BT5L/8PJ4ujDiiS5CADR4v7Q8A/ktQrT6wIK1+LwHsLZ38EChvITJo+K/y/G
IsT21CYgJSYIBUf8APmEf4W1zumLwvOrcwOqhv3bborC2/gJRoH+cQE6IHKchsOr8gUDoNbSH6Tw
CfLwD6HB6afpw2EkA9AKZSCzENm329bk88Pk8djk9uPk8svk8DtK6eH/0ev+A/v2Bj4gCHQXPn+A
x4YOALsKgD6ME86dHvL96xX3V+n8dQeH4fIRCjcuoV7R4MMMLgIG6YDULz+Q/gPwLgEGYRrkCxDm
+BVX/M7rb/sW/v9hrCLC9tImiiUi4grEqvMI9qTsUez4DF+/wYIgkx8RdApIVPJ1A4PHUBGguryi
+y5//7f9imT/igTTyMX4CwrtdA2KJIfPikQBRuiq/s1186wdou7X+A2c+BdVm/gLix7gH0P7LmMg
Ho7dind+05MXH9PKLiKG+Bgk2TdHxYpXAUPYev7c+Atvamnc3P61/GT4FF1j+Bb/i9j8/+RxIP91
Aor76PAAus7/0wOwAO5CisPuSrAB+DL/Icf20O4Kw4rgusTmAm6t7sTul+wHl+qL4giL4BCDFonl
B7HlieOn6hyn61Qp76ftqegQleAOk+APaAgsrIJWV4rkG+h1iOH/C47j4vBfXjLfIt90J13+EmxD
0f3T1fbUWeFGg9fR/+6AI/wywO5l0cv8cxCwD0LLBekA+QQ54fzx7dn88AM7fPhL0S6gR+6KxCaG
EXxL4Amw7yTidQnR6R8OQuEKqusH93MBqgB69NId0vxC4Aroif9BtUDiJ9T0PuAPp/ZA5gdV1ULi
CELgEEDlm/JA45vwK0zlSuAP3X1FDkrgC5oOSuX0DUrgC8YNw4oIYI8BopyQ9sHVW5D29vFL4BvQ
9brPA7rzrLvyVELNTeHZ8vHyVbL/zMfgDc7+2eXI4eETkiCH8url7fLhlY/zAE/t6OxdX5Loba/4
CoB54AmoweIH13VDHy4i1PFu/OMP7P3x/OLxJtXx3lv4Ca7hWvgRqPgQAKBnUsh4pPzpNkT4DR3g
J4pHJeLIOvgP4wGo4+Xgw/wu+AzfLYP4Coro6D/93sOjW73pVa7BvFZ+UyCKyyT2M+bFN+0I6f0P
oepX8oDS6Is2WSArNhDwysxX+Mh4cv+HO95yQovLQdHmi+4rv///4yvzA96K4ArEC+15BAPr6/Hh
E+6BMsADPpMD7j9M0MyD1wDrC/lzB2H66Ufo4tb36Z0Ai/Dhzr7ji+sr7rgr3jF/A/PqJb7u6wjQ
yAz0yu60vOLn6/fUcpD324z4K8SD34zEjPzeqE+M/usqkIz4G8DKjP++qgTgC8Dx//uLwuvlyfAc
zPLF8qSmyfGOuvgL//gLaKFY/MP/6Grz8+hl8wvArXQBwyGmi/D9NPBV8P5/dfD+6Ebzi9isPBV1
IK2LyPh//dCtO8p3CTvZcg072mgY+MODqRH3dg3+j9Tr2zwWdAJOw4PGApHA/ATGs/+tqv7/h7PZ
//I9AIB0KVAkfzwHWPV9dhwy0SR5dRQOHwOENQq6rPhx+AnNIen57/EmCv/DCXkhCi6igiC7ALjO
cv/eCLewPA1yAregBXmDIB6iesPDoEoE4IogoIT5xv8BBosgGTwPcgb+wO3+/vWhTAQfLqOFp3mM
IIr4tDc8BejXCYahiKAC6M0JATxvqm9u8nIaBEvbf9uMygSLiV8I+AV1BrrZcfHcoZAR5txKS5lW
XrjoPvT+36Go6C9d4SYQqq3u97kGsPuG4Kz63/0OYPjf+AvJtqFSRtKO2qLRI2IE7pqj2KNOVPX+
hQd9/QN3BKjJ2+gVCYM33uoGsA0bzQz4x+5aJanfp78/ILkEANXJrfFfWW3/EAMuiQWDxwLi7IBB
PkSGOwZFIH4Rh/lAsXbwVaHsQwAA7Pz57PAhtb0ivRG9ar3/iBv7vtnuVhihvuQQ3nn86JSffgj7
7KgIdft0+/q6wAP/8azBrO7+xOL3sBH3sCD3wu77H17Q6SXxcurxGehcvhz3iaTZCy6KPhOEyfFc
CAPww/EHMzaLILKm6P1E6Pz/7sOt6OfycgPoAPOL+Iv/Hda4AD3NIYvYczvsbR4I9x9tut7m6x+s
CsB0CIrQ4HW+9Ovzuu4sac/ryO3/+NP98Qe6jiDr6YF9IIze/9HfkQ0uK8SRduCB+QAPdgMg/Ln7
2pT+HlKO2jPD/9K0P8JaH3IXO8F2AovrH8EFD/fN9cnQC8B1vYvCLPzBumEe3mn6iT4AAKM7xAIA
H7NjtD7H/HK9gHX7GpIl8C79kVX/4flJIFhWHgboFvKhciT9/w4HAtm/MyC5BgD886Xoi/JCYy6x
wdxPbPE1+FEIj82kB3ToiPIPvx0u/5YKo+hS8jPbLnA4FcxEjB5j2QM2X/zQ2Dvy/FNWV8ldZZK4
UE3EYSBSyc0MoOnjk5i6VvQOAF5Z3t//Oc3i6l9eW8L8/fFDLjseNyD5j3MIpQR0sgcfXvz3h0Xo
bvGH8Yfxw+hi7zn4b178Wu9aivBbUlNb8414+MWfBltaFzwAdByHeC46Foq+5eUJuQEpPiup4oHi
/sLr0MT4wCLEHvwa74sfPtBbWOig8Y+eAABzOQzx+ZYC+TKBPyAN8XwrE4lB+STyQyAxDH8d8kX5
FlB6WEILiaCJgPE+OhIASYoPQ1+J6M/uscvuFVOIIZjE+VX5vYZY+Vf5tvlZLOpY4O19Fizp+fCA
QKHX8+Dwps5+HvFWBkuKK6sXHhAAHwdX6awI8eh4ozGpdL5P8W35SQSA+Wb5tPERhH0FwfkN8ftO
wEBa8uhN59+AgOf55/t+x+dJ8e3wWHIQoPzL8KA8xgig6B2lGfy4zRX8Ee4y6ci06ivk//r4Q+EL
/38D6bAA6H/77/BWUBGBM9KLwdHg0dL8+Av3///3i8qL8NHmLouE2hb354rEIcCK4vWU9YCUAf7c
FufP9+IFgACDaf/SAOYr8B6BWFNSK9EDB0je6Ir+nvUDGUL1f/XqK/V0sd/q/fVp6vzWK9noXvX9
UCoD9VPf/OpI9f3GD+o99V6D6QFy//9QU//DAAH/AP4A+wD4APMA//vtAOYA3gDUAMgAurlZlQB8
hd8AWf5hAR7tPXAAdhGBe+s8YHJFSuUCAUuhij5h59HnO/wCw/uOeYcG9wvAdPTD/fseuMBZ2KEX
AIDk99FZABB0d6sDgMwIXfHY7IXhB1RUC6Hw+4RQEdz6/K0uiTZQUaN/AYZV+4+B8KDHBixRhmIO
UQ0/xP0/0QH7/zZ3AeiE3r+seBf7otH1AwB1Di45I0DbSXLxy/nLWA8Y6cAJ6FvsjmEl/D/ET0mL
PvEX0cDRxzYyBbz4/WUBM/g5TOoz0vf3/vOLwsMHYuhvA1rRUugh7FohQu5C+Rr5uRT437nI6FYD
4yMLyXgfif7f+Bzs0Ohy8/P9D/Nz8+JvYeTrBuwllIEDTGnJ3eusaskfyfgQfdHJ+Al10cn9CK/b
yf2/aSA9gTTRnus00AkuCkH/BwgGciAuIAZxIEfi4S//DzChtwC4KAD6s0i27rL/w0hIALNJtvey
Aeg/900fjrYAsgLoNvdRtgnhGO4t91C2Etwk4iH3T+7/6Bv3Sx4i3P7oEvdHyuz/7gkAJPMbGfvD
Ljge6AL9oXUJsfHnAgAA6xBUvx3+Q1F1M8m/mPh0BALCAsYhLsMI/wH/AgL3/MwE+AIH9vcA4//3
+QMD9wdAjwD59wYGBQQAAPf5+PcSE//3/Pb49xpjBevxuJcS+MuM0fgK+OT4ilr/7+iR6gUAQOsD
6Inqi/h7avdhCNg98HIFJYC/h/bR4IrcMv8hQo/MGfv/PpfOGSvRMuT34q/iA8EL//n/0iPxkgEk
A7YESAbZB2r//wn7CowMHA6rDzoRyBJVFOL//xVuF/kYghoLHJMdGh+fICP//yKmIyglqCYmKKMp
HyuZLBH//y6HL/swbjLfM001ujYkOIz//znyOlY8uD0XP3NAzkElQ3r//0TNRRxHaUi0SftKP0yB
Tb///077TzNRaFKbU8lU9VUdV0L//1hkWYJanFuzXMdd117jX+v//2DwYfFi7mPoZN1lz2a8Z6b/
/2iLaW1qSmsjbPhsyW2Wbl7//28icOJwnXFUcgdztXNfdAT//3WldUF22HZrd/p3hHgJeYn//3kF
enx67npce8V7KXyIfOP//3w5fYl91X0dfl9+nH7Vfgn//383f2F/hn+mf8F/2H/pf/X/F3/9f/9/
6E3pw+hJ6cL04v32P/I76VCz9QEAdh8fK4vIi9iL+/zB7+IEaYSH4MOEO8d16vRQf0DzX7b13sED
6VsmiAca8vb56PaJ9u8Qbuj86/JZA9nwyXV9ADVh3v3X6NHg+sHJ9+b4C86JUqroXsO/s4sW//9j
BB+DwgbDnFZXVR4GzRAH//sfXV9encMwBB4EMuMxVgRo//8EhASgBLsE1gToBPwEFAUr/z8FRAVd
BXYFjwWhBbIFwwX4/9b++NXUBdcF5QXvBfgFAO8fBg4GqRD++AmsELAQtRC2Y4/2wvzF6v3GENI/
/PrVEAkRDxH4EhETERTH/xEVERz0rRHREQASZhL//6kS9RL2Eh4TNhP0E68UuRT///kUTBWeFZ8V
oBX+FfwW/Rb//xkXHhcrF0IXQxdmF2cXeRf//40Xkhe3F7gXuRe6F7sXvBf//70Xvhe/F8AX8xcH
GD4YdRj/f58YbBmSGYoZzhrSGtwa4Br131z4C/74/P74QhYbIBsqG0Ib8vzv/1wbKAAZRyECAIsH
vQfbB+BvBAf4B/kH7PgTUOz8z//s+CFAAcjsEggSCdsJu+/0ClgLWgvs+BOAAuwBABHHtwnaCffs
WQtbC7D4E6Dg/7q57Od5EKQQpRCmEKcQCSSoELDo7PgNsAX47PgPTPgrEMRcC88MP5OQDUUOFw9X
sIiTZuz4DV4BTOz4Edj4D+DYleAk+Avs/Nj4DYj8CAD/h50QnhCfEKAQoRCiEMn/3wIDBAUUBzg5
Ojs8PT4/tBgNUEuA/v+H0Y0YH///+Ar1d/ASicH//AMDALgAICu5UBn4//xDaHliYSAtIG5lZG//
/3N0YXRlayBwYW1ldGkgIQ0//AokUHJvZ3LxIHZ5emGP/2R1amUg8mZpY2tvdSCH42thcnT6RUdB
xWIjGW8gVvfOsP5z4Pjd6nIgJOJuYWyB2WV6+uF1//gdUPjNX6Rj8foIABAA/scYa/GBAEAASABY
AGj+/tDEq6n4AAoBMAHucGwJCHCYNeb2gACIAQAF8fj6/sIF7LDDBAA2YwnbuPf4KwAJVQkiAAxZ
CS8AG+M9AE5BCZb8fql6/T8AeUUJnQBhAIsAkQAcAEwmAK2ag//RhZT//6i5/wz/Eg4D/wPSAP4M
AaaE4/4gl6wAYLuSUBQAUl3H/Eb9/sJ/8AX7Th1cGQmFxgALEB44g6lzgkWB3BiG9/Jl+cMhEALi
9/nhgYKEceu69skA1AqBBDi1y/QNgSwkGvdL6vchhUAE0eXpGeb8OAL0CYEQ+NEvUPgnZdbx//wh
xkP3z4E/AfxaZpGg2QvxjhkOxp/3DoFKGXHrr3/MfydwIoDg0Qi4GGOwvAr8O7gqDDicg+cogQkC
Arj49XICpK249w/BNAb06oGkxvhbiWJ3+An8d8fVAexDAVAB/AISAYawhASAMfJy/hu5NgH68fyB
ndcSscjX+BEI11/X/3ga29c36df4Dw7XiNf/D9f9xoYX1/gRFNex1/8V/EZ4FOX9APT/EwIhh+D1
mfCHRvj98PwJgbKrC+z/9H7wCieW2v7K/waonv7P8RX8/myn+E/7Ri7xFQOJ6ZECJ5/b+BgE20MN
Ruq226jb+BhK6RWwAvz+yALu/vLy+Gwj/iEDS/g0sZX4GAenQCP8/nqn+E8Ip8Br5f6fAye92/gY
JekVgFD8/sTbydv4GAywjRX8/tYDuNvu/vwVDN7ZLwRL+DTVlfgYCNANp/z+iKf4Tzi8DqcPAP6t
BCffBgjb+Bi72RX8/tKNANvp2/gYEdv862H+5ATu/tbRFRIA/j0FGwFL+DTzlfgYE6f8Gvv+lqf4
TxSnFSHhuwUnRoD92/gYFtv8/rAG4NsHAdv4F7DZFfxYi/7zBe7+TNkXAtnGe/SR0xH3C4EesMkG
EvwV7ejUhtJ02np03rz50Ao9dbEG+vH8+dOEzF3R82hUBXPRgK+A/LDS9P2ZwYAC2vaU0BD4xVwf
wnoUnv0t3LIGJxqq1i6iLv2u/Yv+Yd7X2/gbld5QX/zbJNv4GJXeIQcnLtv4GBerld40B+7+4xfY
86bKrRvY8i3Y8BVlzv/Y8AuQB9jwGUGrocWh4PzY8Avj8A3PUkL1rePwIPTb+Bvj9hkIJ0zj8CA+
2/gboVrj9mPbVtv4GHPaZdKI2/gbK0CZ1q2R+BvN0vz+0rWu2/gbjcGo0/eR+Buo1hwJ2/gaQa2o
1kHbkfgZo9qV0mbb+BsVoMnWi5H4G/3S/P6wWuvb+BvYudjT1ZH4G9jW+tv4G9jWH2oNCpH4GtPZ
xdNE2/gb+dZpClDbkfgZLdr8/o7b+ButtR/pCNuzkfgbCN7Y2/gbCN79EWCR+BsY2/z+IgsNENv4
GkPZFfz+R4wA25H4GRrb/I0A/mzb+Bsb2/w1QP6RkfgbmqEV/P62I0Db+Bsd2/z+2w0akfgbLNEV
/CbS2/gaHwGC2/z+JdsRoJH4GSDb/P5KEaDb+Bsh2/z+bxGgkfgbItv8/pXq7tv4G5/Xmaaf0BbG
DJ/QE/EMn9AdAr41DZ/QHjANJ2if0CBV2/gbn9Z6tIbbcJ/QIJ/b+Buf1sTb1rV4n9Ag6dv4G5/W
Dg6R+Bqf1jMGrdv4G5/WWNuR+Bmf1n3b+Bu11p/WopH4G5/Wx9v4G5/W7JH4G5/WNWgRD9v4Gp/W
NtuR+Bmf1luttdv4G5/WgJH4G5/Wpdv4G5/Wyta1kfgbn9bv2/gbn9YUEJH4Gp/WOQat2/gbn9Ze
25H4GZ/Wg9v4G7XWn9aokfgbn9bN2/gbn9bykfgbn9Y1aBcR2/gan9Y825H4GZ/WYa212/gbn9aG
kfgbn9ar2/gbn9bQVtSR+Buf1vbb+Buf1/c4eA+f0AvVtycSn9AKIaAcvtANchIniL7QIJeGatv4
G77WwNuR2/41c7rQF+mtqNf4H7bW/Cz/+ve8W3APq2/68AstE/rwJKTJ+vANeBMno/rwIJ0Nrdv4
G/r2wtutuMgg59v4GxW5Av76NP8C/+UCI7v1AvgVKxSbwBNWFJvAHWfg/JvAGZUUraEnvuPwILrb
+Bvj9t/bxmto4/AgBBXb+Brj9inbzpvAIE6ttdv4G5vGc5H4G5vGmNv4G5vGvda1kfgbm8bi2/gb
m8YHFpH4GpvGLAat2/gbm8ZR25H4GZvGdtv4G7XWm8abkfgbm8bA2/gbm8blkfgbm8Y1aAoX2/ga
m8Yv25H4GZvGVK212/gbm8Z5kfgbm8ae2/gbm8bD1rWR+Bubxujb+Bubxg0Ykfgam8YyBq3b+Bub
xlfbkfgZm8Z82/gbtdabxqGR+Bubxsbb+BubxuuR+BubxjVoEBnb+BqbxjXbkfgZm8ZbbXXb+Buf
0xzL4h/50yvZA2AK/7sI//31/Q0G/zUH//f/6xH/lgz//RL/+xMgyNAQy/gKCTt/AYQHW9aCOvcA
8xw4mBDD17Da/jL+BD9gLwQtCC0EKvr4KASY/Or2MQhegOorCCoM9NLw8oWEMQTU+B36MtQgAO7o
/vzO/iJE2Mz+LP4qSvQo4vgZwsb4NtoYXjb4VP7+KCjJMfwvIyD8LfzQ4LFA+P7k+A2uEAuY/ir0
MuT4CkYiWOj8NPT85AKV6JKg+Bmc/KD4E9QSop74D6b+/P42lvgOHDFK1Py89PgPImnUtPHU7uTp
xP0yBCXs+Jb+/Pz+ZVCq/Gj+fp6q+BCe+DlRd9bwD0C89f74DS0MSvIqGIf/+P40EHgxGDIQMggt
GAugLxAvMvGS+uL+dA/u+BHQNww0AvEyGDYA2Mjo7OQrjulqBSba0v7rguAX/84R87Gv/UGc5JLm
AC4dMzn489BD+enh+Az2AEwdO+USqv9HGTMGAANlANEHQAHINLq1/w0AVf/4Jqr/+Caw+LBR3buw
+CagsPhAACqw+CRQAAXI+ApUCt698vgLsPgLiAH4x/gLAAqw+BYwB/i79cf4CwAVsPgW4B9f+AyA
UvgMsPgJUcD2+zy9+AxAEPgWp4D4H+Kw+CJPgfD97n/9YPginwHgh8bH+AogirD4FT/3+wODe7tw
8CJ+Bwb/fXDwImAGD/vrh8OVsPghSg4fe73KEPgKsPgVVN/f1Bw+/X7VEPghihh94XjqIPAK/l4C
sPgVlTj9wXDlyP/3gBjP6BT4rtYw/YFg8sn+q//l2bH3sPgVMdj1yf5T/wJf+BWqKvf9of6CobD/
p/wOCn/oFFQVQ/8NfQbDsP9UYQSw+BaD3/8/9/uw/6gIEPgXFUfT/8+w/1AQAP6ugcDwFKgqhz//
97D4CSKBgeAN7/uw+AlPK//7sP9VVwDBsPgWrnn/ve/6ssj/qAAAYPgWTv9v+nDwCXD91gARsPgV
Cq7w7/sg96t9ibD4FF/YUBVX+vfw0O9hYAKw+Ba3wqe/eAeA76Aj0RD4FLBTG/v/v8cw70DYAbD4
Fav/gF54DxL4CgCAF47gE7BV/8AP3Rch8Ak7yR/FsPgUqv/gHrD/Lt7YOAAEHvAT1X/wPeLgCUFc
APhdz+gT1Z//IffvvuLh/ACoYNAWR/9v/1QURMC4BQ3IFdWp/87wC0Cw0Be7oUG++AvzkMDIJKAO
cPAUg6rI+A9A2ODgFf/4DiXBX/gUatKx+A93ebDIDLD4Fq/YXdATsfgO7aF/wtDpgLD4IAP/9Nif
HtZe+BPK+A1DvMjY/gIO+BLK+A1f14CqmABAZo7gE2D4DlGRL+gWyvgNrd+ooa9pqIDoFsPIC0A1
oECVwPAig64AKiAS4OATcPAPdAhx8BTvoLD4D4LqBwEg8CNUUDiA6CTa7aCJsPgk79olsPghqWC6
cSIg8B9Uw/UET4CxsIJ9sPgfcasGPArCDH/oEcv4DBNhaf/AfnUHsPgeqAAYB/xdYc/oErD4DhB/
CH7YAquw+B8CbH/+APCwqjDoIBQA89gcH3rYMOwq6AzK+A0IKe7YCh/P6/obqMnoDMDwDRAT9dxR
1bD8VPr3+kWw+BeiJquAESqftvwqqn6FgqDYGQADNVVf9fyw+Br/BeuQD+LnCrD4G9gfyWD8BfV6
VQUN+AmQ4A4GDhCY8cD0gKgCva2v+Amy+A0SQGQf8gRkzQTV4AmdVSDwDgBY6jAADxTJZ/AJNsAJ
fN3/B/4YYBRK7txABIXgCv5v/rD4CwH/+IAAEA/4ACKw+BD/725x8AsUf8FdcQ78XdRRFFXQCv/f
eVWwCqqBfgE0knQguKCCfdyw+Atf+AsAfgAsEggVPLvbQ1//4LD4Cvrh4AsAAgX9AXDQuWzyq//k
sPgKxKALMCwQtAHD/BAUJ/KA9bH/5fgJ/w/8qvyooF8CASABgfqA1emx/wH9Q/gJ9F/F/lFAFKAS
CaCESWnsk/gKkPj0r6/troAKl8AwAJFKDavs/7D4Cpl//9XFB0AQCGCcBQtivaJX2Pzrc+30++nb
7fxzgCpGAD9/67/s/KDc/vhc/Nz9/9WDmatCBAA+K/Pq+Amf9Nj4C1agyyq98T7L8k3//PX02PgL
narFAYAcsH/r+AkM/K4K2PgMtPGAgK6BYv4M+ArY+AxVQ69Uccv/9En4CbD4Du+vokuGCeorw/gN
D5/4DMf9qofQ/tNi+Apf/J/4DeN/5tyu8EwwwQPj6PgMsvgN/6AYMFN1AAQmhg/n+A3/+A67eQAY
Ndx+SeZa//gbwNgBEJG2uvY6H9j4HOJpehABkLxB2Pgc/KB8P9iAkCDw4F/4HsAOAMIBbPivMPCH
+B344jCjBADvMAoTwBCA2PgeILK1A4/sw9jAP2H4G0AfcHDYoNcfQMAYMH/wDf/4DvAuFPgIIO4P
1UAGGLD4G/+AJASwHKEf2GDYDL/wHMwmDuDY3v8QcCACnoj4HP50DsBdABx86/8xAw7O6A3/+A9+
D4BkAQRwH2v+L87Y+B38j/QAAgY/f+P+2fgc7P3/3/gd8e9/99n4Hv/9+IBLqgQAAdr4H4aD6mP4
HVXsRRDryQCb8By0uNbpN7r/Ht/Y+B0f2DLqAgOjWtj4HP4PsVwpCOrW+ByMSsnJVe0p/9j4G/4A
y7FDuRzKq4Tk8BvgDBk5ZLD4HRP6srH+qT/gHc4BgDuY8zYH4dj4GR8AHmbQwdsQApXfAE/B8Bqc
of8BBAFhRPAa/TffpCvZwACChEGFAfhg+BvwDN+JgdA4hhJHgDqw+BoP34OAYAQJ2CIBED+AcfAb
/gvvPNECQBABwDAPEKXoHP912AFCC4AD4JCHIL7QDkjwDQXg+PuLB8AD4wEDCLD4G/7TzuP9ADRn
2AAP3FXoHAvvAKgHPYfAAdPYTen/+BoT/4LA22I0AwEP/93gHsBXMmtzAQGHueAf4OQQkeAgkNgn
Qe3Z+B9kWOuZsY/gHRAgpAC1Ur/hmMgf//wPENAcO/z/BrfY2Pgb48C54UCwql7+b/AY3PX+357Y
/AD2l/AZf9kBAVVol5oG7dj4GRvh4D81/BgbLCTYGu6k2mzYFeQH3dAaPOoZBAgAYq5l4fvQGfBP
SSYBgxA8tDiH2PgXHO8QA4A0BewgGhkASkfFMsAZnaE0wAAP9g/xd9gY/vBg2kXYFoB16Bfx0NGw
+BgBYbZsSaI39XtA4Cvp2PgYw2fAAe9E8YAgYPQ7pifYGcPP8AOXLKECQEDDCNGA6PAY9w5A4r6/
EtKL4AsGwBrwACHyvwuN0s4AAfAP87i4GgeBRrmhR9jf/HxAuBv4AA05L/Ti4QIAHtj4G2hnzOu/
DIV+BDzY+BuzZoTrrg0cD4/n94j4GxHn2HgMDY/u2Bv4Ofv6/QYCrelwDwf/r6gN//gOO/wEDfpA
JJGRAjU0pv/4FL/4HL9/ADQABDh9Z8jYHv4QQBRAzLzxazDAHtjQBB/AymTQG0X2YADf2IHY+CLh
X8DPabgig7vwg3+w2PgjA//Y+CT5AYc6sPgljYA/2PwDsBzo8wfALsAQ/m1h+CCy1v/1sPv98LAd
jrkx4APY+L847iGgHdgPwNjzM7D4IAfUqWCwYNj4IBkY2EDHjg/4H+BxjNj+2PghwYTgJ9j50sAd
x/DggQTYhyRKyB3/h9iA2OTgHJ57/5//8Ngp2Pges094eA/YB4/+g9j4HqYh/Pfw2B+v/uigH+Ag
f9h/L//i99Pq8B/YBfNv/z3Y+CHAB/cr6Ag/fdj4IeAf7gf/2PgfndqAWNM62Pgi1s/y2CB7q/us
59n4JPw/79j4JPlbgeq4Gdpq//jTpp7Y+EcO2PhOH+b4GAiwCYLC9d26dYn/+BQHweb4CwHRqAr/
+A0PB3WtG/AMe1TC//gTHB8ts//+LvP4C2vf//gLOD/quv//Mdj4FgRw/5/X+Atev3+I+BYIYf88
Sdj4IRjh/IfG9fvw+ArOnbL/+BIww/t7u3DwInHH9vX7/31E+ArY+Bdhh++Hw9j4IkAP3+1Xe71E
+Ao/2PgWwB++/X7Y+ArG2b/1//gUgB994Xjk+AkFvXzY+BI+/a24wXDY/wNNec/oFdiBYLrW3O9o
gq/4FYA92PgLWLH9h4T/+BC37z3+gqHY+Av1N/gWG/8Gw9j/A3v3V/v52PgX3/8/2PgJh/kI6BcX
0331/8/Y/wQH+n7Y+BftoezgCQ3Avut/V+gWD2//+9j4CQPBpZvY+BN923f/+rDy+AlhiPgXDv9v
+h34CSUs3zfP6BcP8O/72P8B8DpiGOAX+vi+OdDvB+GaATj4Fge/eAeDb9j/T88st+AWA/+/x73/
PyjsBP43+BbYgA/Y/gPQV7/Yf1boFgH/wA/M/zXDQQFG8BbAd5JU/Ni6X4YPLugWf/B98Ak7/Pm/
zzf4Fn3VIWr//kPl/P+xaefwFa6ZVP4XXEOxf/eI0Bc3MuAKAX/lUa93//giAn9p19AX//gMDL4J
2PgkELzXr4n4JAE9uuAW//gOP/7AYAG24BdfX//4Cl//wHABANAMjfAW/+bzL9j4IVe7Y2nv88/o
F2H4C8kz/dj4IH9BbT2Kkd9TuCEf+Im/94H/+B8GA+3U79hDgOgWSvALAeD9v0LA8CLBwdegoRLO
6CIBYIl/V8AX//gL930hQIdKHvAjAQQAgajoIwGIAPB9v/Nx2PghIABeAxD4IgPkAH/Df60g8CAB
8f/6DP33mqgh+ekOBYSqav/4HMp6waMN+B6Ld4n4HnNqCpn3/Rvt2BjR7vnz/8H/V/pG8B8CYX+z
2N3gRvAg58PvQf/w//XP6CABz8fqw6fgwBW4Ftj4CQnPr+9Hlf+AYFbAFv/4CohcA/R42CRCwvUf
2fgk//oAbDMLb/Ad5/739i4ADYMG6CBtgGRGwvOE+B4H/1e7x8DgBMLZv/ARnfgMc0yJ5HPqVqLp
f+gR7vgMqer0K4qBmGboETr4C7823oLaH9//31joEUXoDHbCY8+o39gP+BHM4AzDOvwe+/fCfcN6
eB/k+Au7wAzv//09nfr38dWeTtpFseT4CjqwDGdIa/tvQVTvOBt62PgKD/zP9Acf+lfB8VFZP1BL
XjOH+An0mOLvKjW7P+F/msF/QKfpTmOT+AnJAPQ0U3TYq9ZebrANqzOEUFkd/8CRdPTyryA/5/+V
A72jXeXrxL0Wr/TxiIbYwb/YDzTqV1V1NCmf9K9YDR+Au6GBjEKYKAqFWTT8G4gNjvGAwIhYCoWq
u/QOgA3wQecrbXgLDPyvv8qAD0DAQCiaKA5gKBLgAgBgEB7a+kJADiPreYAOHDNKw8P4DjkoEqge
OOvXBgEvgFAP4TgR4/6sCOAkKA/KCBN3LfPWAnu+eCTjX0EYIpZ632BYIgm6SrH4JdjQcCLG6Y/4
jxqJ+CLg+/8H2Jfu2PgZ+cgO2PnY+CbANfgf8fxeh2DY+CP/fP+1Wtj4IP4f2Ao3/qGxwFAg2P32
nxD4If6sL2L812YwGREICY/+4AfY+CK812L5wANHIfAkgAZBclAfjuRaX5wEEBzS7wIe2c7oIogB
gCCDIByv14j+AwASYwgcqw9gD4ArOBv//vdeW/APjBD4I//8B/5YI/y/+EIYIK1quOAn2ez9uuAh
2PgsauAi2PgmYPz+7b3S+CbY+Ch+b1Ak/H48WOgj//gY3ra4YbbgIngBBNj4JPBZ6CT/E4ECr+9n
4COBEAECtJEJ6CEwgAAGXtAh8O/XAupACCC/8CHgDdlAEAQQGtj/tQqfhuPCNdAgz+/ZCcFG8CL3
Xdg+IAIe8COgfxQQUugkP+MEEBkX1akICz/78NgjDVjoJcPIIbbkxo7i2Pgik/y+6/Ah46clVfuX
ZfgiF4dZ2PggFfgn3TAlVVsAKB/H2A6MMCLO2CY46/up+CD92P1VbyDYH2bU2Pgh//zY+Cfj/+HY
+CTr1fY20CIw67kYH3zv+dj4JOWI+CbF/2rq/MvoJRvwJtj4TZ/Yz83oIR9q6v8joWNpw6AfP7C2
AOggjbEPv7/YsdjQH/4H+5/799j5k9j4H/A/8gfC//zY0CDgMUPH8gPB+UD86CAPwti9ffzMsPgg
B2ADGrmf2PggGRgD6b3+JmE4+B/gcYwnYdj4H/nP4MGE0V8D0fbY+B34D+CBBAOgECFMOtiA2OJ6
YvgcAPBCD9j4Kdj4Hsyw+PdQ2Af//nHYH9nefNgfHskPL/nQHt/f/9h//P/TS6AftsPYBfTpPSKg
IP/AYffC188QCCDY4B/x+AfY+CC98VBY/ziH2PgiYgcw2oAO913Y+BZ8GPGwI//zwBDY+CT2ANj4
Fa3WlUgh//i3BNj4TvkgF9j4Nx+zSBnCWAtttQP1MkgXD0TwDAGzKApcOA6/+A17VgdcSBfyQA4/
PFgW0SHY+CQH/x3FFq74C4j4Fzl//FgLcdIgF9bv2IfGeAgLq0gWP/wDe7uA8CJ/9/v4Bv993Egi
YfgPh8PY+CJA8B/l93u9AEAeSOA+/X7Y+CKAYPu9feF4vTAigED9wXB4EAn3gBiv7tj4FgD9gWDc
79QZLPgWgAHY+AsDfdf/AwT4FwH+gqHY/wf8vBczOBGtrQbDZOgJEGH4Fq5TP9j4CQbY+BgVqzjZ
zxToCnw4GNj32PgKjfAYrYUDofvY+AkD9DgY2PgNDiw4GNjdvW/7SPAJJCzY+Bj879j4CQHAAndv
OPgY+vfzQ/8HgNj4Gf94B9j/BvAtrvDYFwP/v8cs8AsCqCAW7OrYgA/Y+AsB1/boFe/ZBPALGL29
AB+V8Bb/4B7y+Ao4htAYf/A8qq3y+AozIBkmQfL4CvMQGQdO2Ax8eigZarWRIAwtO//4Itj4J77Y
+CbYWf/4IwFKjrH4JtHoGHPoDtga2CJ/w17Xhdj4IQP/5x7IG9j4CbzONSgO//gX0Dqf/UZgCCOR
zegc//8dIbrqO9j4Ij4gXeHY+CQSMWD4Ij56VWASMv/4IRxABxe4JxgYJEzxQxggl+Cp7RgAURAf
2NwPwMb1Ytj4IU9i8MKM4Bm64AsH/Db4DKKwJcDk8CE4s93gJHB/4L1gAAMR+CLgf8DY+CP/VdEc
D779qCIB7kCE3+Aj4MABwAex2PgiBgOA2tj4Iq70VatdqCUfqOgk4+AkJPKXmCdk2PgmWcLeSkfI
ExroDAP+GDTqeNj4EsOgDvXqOg81+BPsyAwAf8F86pXIE+qgDX72qgFBunSaoCB+AI4wyAvk+Aoh
FVVR///HU/gK5PgLLQgKUax3IPRVeIlC2PgKD/xd3d4gAffwlVXQ64YLh/gJ9PBSW50pEZXkqOzz
S5P4CfSui3RlCz+ATcLYM4Sg2PgJCpJv/zxm8tgd4mCgCGwt68S9GVgKfxUU2Abr90E8+J/0dwgN
ZAWOa+U6iQgJ2PgNBVBVjvPdLUgKu/ROCA8jzW14CmUlDPzKgBBxJTgM2PgRr2WTf+r+MA2e7/gL
76+SSTPpWCAON8b4DMfEp+rRg89wDTef+A3jf+bt7aiX8gMtcA2AdjAOoBiLl/NWeBZAHbu6GJf0
jVgd2AEQkcL1HQ/4EHVQEGm6EGGQELD4HvygXv/YgJAg8G7tiPgZDgDCcQAcGv4wnumH+Bv44jCj
/AAOE3V4zhD28A/Y+A8gsvsDj98QP/w2QBz8QB9wcNihwP+YMP7vXzNwHC4U+HggcMB/hhjWWByA
h9AkBLAc2HDYDL/wHP/7zCYO4NgAEHA/Ap6I+Bz+dA5//8BdABx8PwMOnWAdfg+AZAEE979wH2vO
2Pgd/I/0AAMGP3/jvatjGB/fwfEC73+sMCD9+BfhROAKoDWG+Bk5CegP//gUGLjicVAe/HRtuPB6
sx7f2Pgdn5kGCeoCHdxn4A6Z8A8P8BJFuwYf1vgcT2CMAEABWdjT2Pgb/musLbJ5HMzk8BvgZATZ
hQ71sPgb6eEB5w8gm4mP4BzAAVv/gD/8ZNI/PuAdE8uB+HAfgBBL8AIAT03wGrj/E/ABu/AEAWFE
8BrApPQRroKEQf3hhQFcMBvA8EDggdA4hhL74UeAOrD4GoOAYfQJ2CIB+30QP4Bx8BvvgIP4AikR
ADAPEOHepegc2PlCC2zxkIcgjkAb7/v+BeP4In2BAwEDCLD4G/7Tz7sf8DRnsKoP3FXoHAvv4KjH
6gvYE9V5YPgcE/+CgF1pu62ID//d4B7AgdTCATcwIPAS0y2osAghkKGLJ9n4H2Th45mxpVqP4B0Q
9+n/vwUgHdR3DxDQHNXuj7pqkfJz2Pga4+rhBEAJdAHa6/5v8BjAtJ7kk+AA9pfwGX/ZAdN1AZe6
svBxBNj4Gfm6Az+h/YHC2Bgk2Bruw/ECbAOAGl8ELXMSQBn8GQwIAGLj8f0ilbPp8BgmAYMYPCey
/Yjjh9j4FxAfgDQH7VLsIElyxTLAGWA+7/GLD/294/F32Bj+8GC+AUWm2sAX8Q7x/dGw+BgBYYVs
tgG/9fvA4Cvp2PgYw2fcAe9E8YAgfPo+YLTx2PgZz/ADl3CpAkAB+zQs0YDo8Bj3iUC/d2IujIvg
CwbAGhch8rsf3QPOb/EP87i4GgeB4AAH6gGD34tpQLgb+AANaL4Q2AH/AgAe2PgbaGfwhf3YvwwE
PNj4G7P+FmbHigGuDRwPj4j4GxFbcb7fEAF4DA2P7tgb+Dn9BgLZ0fsNcA8H3BgdO/wEQCSRkQL9
3zX72Pgbv/gcADQABDh9ZwAQH99fEEAUQMy8sQgg/tAEH8DKohAfg75F8mDYyhAe2PzhX8DP6xVZ
ICPjfzgJ1vgh8eP/CSGJ0CBSpzfBsLYP+CDyQNiO+7E2+CD4BNj5k9j4IMAN/zeEwv/8Aoj4IM7Y
wfrGfUDo8CE92PzMsPgg+J//52io+p/Y+CDm2unI6e/rOPggjnP/7dj4Iz57/9F36tv4HMfXUPD/
fvtjkf/4H4fYf9j4IyDvFNj/+CGzT3/Y+CSmLqohsPgl4CCw+CXYSOAd2PgKqqr/+CPY+Cf/+Lsp
aCf/+LFiMBfY+DeLWCSqrdj4KhNYGZ90dj9fWBcP5vgMAbMoDKpVrwgMG/ANOAgXf7qH+As/wFAW
LpH9WAytttj4Fwe5n9f4C4j4F++pf/xYC3HXr9j4GPyHxngICxpAFg//+3u7zigjL6wA8AH/9v99
3EgiEO+HY5mv9//4If/fe71bEBjY+Au+/X7Y+CN/ffXu4XiW8AyFOBf9wXB4EAn3gS/oFz4L2/2B
YNzvKiOG2PgWPdj4C/e9A//lwFP4Fj3+gqHY/wf/0e/CiPgXG/8Gw2ToCX/kYjAX2P9uXT/Y+Al3
/gT4FxdPuWD4CeH0SigX7HrY99j4CYF+f3H36BW///urC8TgCn47MBdNqdj4Cgb+EPgXW7fYb/tE
+AkG0uAN2PgL/O/Y+ArPrnssCAwH6Az692sx//6eB/DYFwf/eF0LQ4Hz/v3FBkANZ+ALv5T4CXev
y/QDsNj4F4APbPgJ/6QR4dgMddff4AvA/EVR3Bw/z+gW/+B3kulGXb/4HoTIF3/wc0L//MRn/h4z
+qrm8BYhafT/uHifCB2h5/AWb/gLqm6k+Ak3+BHR4Aw4CCb46Biy8A5/9jcIJV+t93YwDf/4Fx4C
+Av/+BrlP58cwCMP/OvrP4/+6CgTZPAP/ZmM0aboF8ToC+vBr5DMXsnQIAO89gNsHsgY177AKAwD
PEfY+CIBiR8tICMdgIAPd73Y+CM+AELY+CZeBmMu2PgcAXaCr/pJ8CMcAXi0qOglPbAlzWKo6CMB
H//1/vn8tGz/+B0b/+HY+CMwZfNmSP79XafoIAP7wPf+AcPY+CD/98DH97v/AD+/2PgfP+fn//06
+CI/7Nr6/aGlJf/4G3F3Uf1VJf/4HIDz/n5fHv2oIwHufg5wEAgiA+D8AtWoGgdhmcgJA+qK2Pgi
r/zI1+JdqCQN8PLYIm7yJRrgIf8Zdf3xwUN52Pghv5suXf/4HQe4Px/X//v/83zm+BHr0AwD/n8A
G4z/f+qv9Nj4EcrgDCypCYvEr//eIPgSX/8B2A3ivwXgLgDYE6LgDX/+4AfwMLr1dPvAFBXIDZPD
7/8f5PgL69ANCwBFdcpxwvZT5PgKLQgKAdtsPFAVdyD0zUrY+AoP/F3drtbeG8B20OxeMrD4C+NS
HVudkuVeVZ7s2PgMvDRU7MtqP4BOSVHYzILY+Ao5scD9JENMK1OAFAp8+GDoU/l6EMS9/kIAMcgI
CauZB/7cIbheD8UE+J/0/kAAJ/RACduOAx5+pxEMmCz2gbv0/gKs42p3BY4Pf6OrqNaIXPZb/unx
TggMPr/8BoRk8fxZn/TsNlALyz9/qBq/b3X+9fNpnBUQDOCDs2jvsNn9/nz2YCvQ4/vY+AnvfNn/
lBme/hJpjkR4rfF7eAnHv4hUceHX+f7Q7f15Efr2+rCpBBM4CuN/5r+wHAET9x8wAxFboQPw7X9r
8gPKCgZuIAqgGDAIAAn9h98CRHSAfp65vwlRLmHPIAoCB/AYDKBaw4VJ1PbTavCg88HwC8CkgQfl
EJbiQJnVafzwCVL9vyEKPTgJ4gf8AggX4ZAT/uD7X9j4EHefEPgJ/Kf4AvCXxPDnXRn934TwCgJg
ER/AwvEHTjD2AByb+Al++PyWOBD4Ax80o+lFE8+Q9nuM2PgJ+HVIEPg+/yaz4ulP3xD74bpACv19
MBD8X592c9ihuOv//5gwOAgKy2gR8C4X/nggcN9/9UOGGNZYCtj4EYAkh7Q82BCo/9gMk/gJVQgS
zCfu6PgBkLf/QD8Cnoj4Cf0jcBJ17thfCXxk+78/Aw42aB1/f4BnKPxwH2vO8FfY+B109R/5/j1/
42v4Etb4Drj+F7ruf67p//gd/fj/+74CCuGZYCIi25lQIKt//x/9zjkwSB5zGfB//n/f/+DwIf3Y
+Bwf//PPh+2IPzNiCBsUD/Adu+CfvP+s8AYfI9f4G4wAZ/ntX/CD4XMADNRsYByHEHnz7//4GFMA
P7cYG+ADB//nWffYAPXHH/yxMBsS2T//5gn34Pn93YCW40AbAb/EAA/ag9mBwI8YG//fHwDhuACf
+nAfiBD6AE/B8Br++xzOsQfwE/ABBD1hD/ga36QG//4IAMewgoRBhSmfEBvO8EDggX//16EghhJH
mDqw+BqDgGH0CdTfPwEiARA/mOjwG++Ag/gCQBFc+BMwDxB96BzY+UILge//w+CQhyCOQBv+BeP4
Igfn4+P7fwEDCCDwHNPP8DaH/vvjAA/c//Ut6BwL7+CqT9//82KRYPgcE/++foIK6f37AQ+r2BLW
0A3+7/79vx3285oQMB7/z7b5kO04IhW/9Yf33/0x//gdgB/6Jr/vr/os/yHwG87pEB9gefYJ6Buu
3ToCMA/Bo9nPWegb//ACEfDWINjB3/3G2Pgb4/fZPIFX/1+A6+8ygW/wGIjJ34AAHiDf3//AHPPh
wPaX8Bkw+gQBABeind//wATx+fEE2PgZgPwcAAI/HZ+4h2A05/jY+BnumHzYr/5sHf+EOEXBKsgR
3dAJ4AYfSAhf/xkfghgA9tOxN/gY8CYB78g8r+4b+cAOOKNK2PgXo7kf2bux6r8PbDseAN/YxYj4
GOJgP/b//jw/iDAHj2BPdtXQGP7wYL99//tFAH9ACUPX8Sf8DLD4GAFh/8Pv3GxgMgGIoOCTnIXQ
GcP/B2ffue/J/oCAP5xgkRDDX9j4Gc/9l7/8AAJB/HxJ/f87uf/4Fvf+fEC/PbnAAoAPA/X/4AsG
wArj4BD4IfI38+QDzgHh+//wD/On6Bn6/4HgO+f0A98AAP7ffF/QHMANwEOH9AH/AgAe2PgbH16A
AGeAAgfYvwwEPNj4G+jXG2YYkgG+DRwP6NlDGBn9/RHnx6HUAQoMDY/u2Bv4Of0Gf/0CEB0ABw8H
/6+r//gXO/wEQA/+JB8AJgI1eCAcv/gcADTvvxoAAnFjurgfEEAUegAbJ/F9w9j4H9DgmQAeB4Eo
ECBg2GH7rxwHw0C4H/DhV//HE58DaeAa//3Y/ONn/94bPwPQf9f4HfHj6/zf/+AQegHA2E0QHO//
wWB/YARJ9+HPwII82NAb5f/AYItz7uv/R4gANAgbqpnEaD8GB/5uAAv+1SGI+BuP/834PRgHjplF
8RHQHKth7fw+05lmmYfQG//j/fiou9gDTZLFsBrn/zPZ8BjYjZC52PwYuBp/oyvpFrC7tP0QEWjg
GfggsZkAEv51sofC8BdmMAB/+AAuA4vA8Br8vxh8sx/wjt4ZASAcP6MQH/AY/tjXQdgetl3YQBjo
8Bn+XekGICV0AM+YCtvtEfgPD96LcKhBADKZ8BrwePMA1hBQmfI48Nga8PXT2KBsODVRsBn/oHkD
hwyfwdb49hU/kAuh2BAA1Rf/8qB6+PY6+AwjwA4jPLBZbQGA3+LD8Az3bR/x5pgL4HWC+VR+IwVj
0A3spb+/tfD4CpjYvH4Y/sBIB659//3roREZExHg2NALDBiCIAd+A9DSwAzsqXF3c1D4DP7dfO8x
B4gD8Tdg+A2RmZWEmAz8f+kB8/wAB/kA+mD4DBD+g98KAF8BQAEjuQ0NecgZ//heIEARNTPBVgF/
rC39/ofi4HuA4OkfLIGqCP3+mrD4KVVqsFFMBw/9pnOwD6oWp5CBEGqm6XK4GbD4En9ruSAusLYD
/eAPn8EWtLAHnXKw/Nm8Qvzi8JeQHWLgDL+AfLyB4D8IBgH983F6wL8oYBnDpSmd/RwQxLKw+Cu6
x+mwFBx//cDxTOnA/oR0sKbhsAf9HAD+UeIQ+CmwlilgsMV64AHm6rDA3SKw/B4AEOXK6bgcsPgW
EPCF87D/KgMQ1GgMsPgga7mwtiKBs/3Es4iqvhmwtv38EPgqKNrgVcDy983pAcB4lOrzYcDzcQXQ
6f0cB3TpsPgphBZAsD/q/fVDaqgQvH+w/Bbp/ThUFKNSyBzA8A7n27A78SAJ/fngsAF0XhGwg2rg
eB/PwbD4MfZADP31sPgN9sCi1fWw+DTCz/EfwPOw/ya5qqCBxOEw6Cuw/ufh/Q5bCCqw+Aq3/fFW
sPgt1fKooP2gw7D/rPOZEfgpqh//+FBSECX/+FFT8Z8KA/4Af4Arwv0B9+L58fT3PxFU4Afj/URO
sPglpfJcEbAD/xLxHMG1JVWwpfGwflF7U84QI7D/USuqwbBa6mxx8JOxvjqQV6SwPfPB/wMUMCWt
Mxwev3+DvH4fwP4hBv3zDyQ/vwgBGTwV4Z2DEP3jsrD4K7p/IQX4sID9P/EHIQO5PwGwTumw+F2s
/eP/ARD4KbDD19qL9bD9H/7m6rA/rtqw/OH/ypXv2igMsPgmEA+F87D/1VkQuvH9ICNQFv+DsDa5
Jsj9xLP4qCqwtv38EPgq0OnA8/cJror9P4eU6g7hwPPQ6Suw/eP4dOmw+CmEsAAFP+r99X9xMlsd
VLD80bL/x6OMCCTA9abJFiCwO/H9+R9J4LDoWrDyPDGHNYjgAbD4M7m68PWw+A1BtPY/9bD4NMLP
8eCCVcDzsP/ppvH+/rGw+DHn4VAR/SDx0Oqw/7dUUP30JLD4L9Xy/QyjsP9VVazza7L/+PCI0PyI
0PyI0PyI0PyI0PxVvYjQ/IjQ/IjQ/IjQ/IjQ/IjQlZYACnCDGlH+BAACEFIIa0VJ/vgJAvT4Cv7/
+ArU//gJVQvGSf74Fsz4Geb4GRBQDZ9g+BYwCWT+D4f6YPgPMKnY/g+A+mD4Kcz4EZYI5vgZYPgN
qGD4EG5oBpn/X9f8XvxaCQbetvVf0PxJtaz8/GD4G8z4F+b4GWD4DbFRjSDwGgP+IPAV//gNbvgL
/Fat/iDwFQMwKvzgFeb4DGD4Db0g8DBxsmD4Gf3+8Hj6IPBJyRLBIPAqYPgZbmj/oCBZKPxe/Pwg
8EHVIPBOrbVA4Bkg8DXfIPBKQOBT6SDwREDgWfOq1SDwNG7wDSDwJTzIGiDwGv1g0GT/+Bkg8B/V
vwcBYNBdZvgbIPAj3gFOACUAPU1JkBAJ73cS5/vh+2U5dEX7n6n/8FWZr5r7BWUCGf6a++ERChH7
EsdapZn7gAf7GaHAAWHE+3ht3FyqeJu6OPeyMOh4CIC5cSFwOONgGP8C+3hiePvODPv8H/4IgI77
jYhxqfvo4eH78Oz/f/zY+7/+MKE4+8+AnKaADOaxpqr7IiDn+/gTkfuRICC/lvuWIGD7dPt5GAk0
u7J++6GS+/gJeFOq++cI+wCTs4mqlfIIPbo//PHFIaaOSwzP8Anp++7P8u+/E2D799/74fv3HJf7
+/v7/f3U8pva+/7U8n77v8/z+c/xcfg//rXnBy6fDvt44f/+eL+4/ce/h7D7P397/4+I9Pz/c7jj
8/9j2M+DIxz7wHv7q+APmBpsq9/P8f2Nz/G/z/AYflzg+3z/1PHm+x4OuPv4FP18H877f+yHAMTn
m/P735Dj//u+C/t99VPY8Pv6SrhwSO7cHDje+//jAPv+uPv9ePvh/yN45/v3CO9798/w93cwNOB9
+a/C6GCZwARbdMd4z/CQaM/wEf3P8KH7/23gTPht4cH8OPwHgYYw+D8D/x96CPD8A3M44/ADYxjP
gA/Y+8B4AfvOD23jCgpobeARz/ASknLiz/K62vve8fv4EvwAz/EY423gCght4v5KBG3iAgg47gAB
z/GaeYBD+6H7/Hj7A+jfUY4ymQiPAAfAMId34f9BcIGIAN/gwAwBwEckCZNWJ+IPJMr0//7oINgP
rvMBBfv4Ccb78gn7oa3o0fvAqfLAqfLgqfAX2mqz88iSttr47dp449rP28DbMIekEtoI4CxwFyrb
mtr7+Akg2LHP8BO5+77P8t9H4jbV30fi70fgE33Jvs/zUeHw/4fv+P58Bwd4+cPe+3g//Oc/P/+4
2PzqsIfz/3sLqojgC1HhxFvj+/gJINiy+vDP8IQg2Ktt4FQDwPh4igH8OPAuwNiGMIfwINngCCDZ
ytbEKtr7INjC8iDYHvv4Eqqg+J/yumrW8anyqZ/ytZKu8uCz8ehq+LnxzFT2N47U3Hj8Do7dMCF4
CKrt+yDY1M/wF9GBz/H/z/I/R+LfCg/za8JM4bZ+B/iP775p+fhgAFHhn/9R4ePwPvugjs/xzr/h
UeFl4XuIqg37INjUz/B1INi6beA/n8fi49WK6/jP8SDZ+NGGbeEg2VYQ+yDY0Bog2BGk8f894TGl
L/vw++D7lEjAxoD7vAKrq6Ldy/y48s7LmfGk9DsKCIvxpoKk8cT7CI2FMVxgmvKA0GLw8XC22jCs
2vsYvGv78BjBwEH4gw8pQenhOAD7vv/j+4ouePvZ/znB+Bnp+A+fQkCmnLuSAUScOfum+/gYYBkw
vvH7efsfASb7dPsHbymrqq37GPs02vv85URn0jjs8vt48SAoyT298bqC6AzP8AmllPbz++/731K1
3b/7f8/yoJJ7u/02LnG6bLv7YroHKfz4z/GEw+7g+/cHP7X2h//7h8/46djz+G8P7x34/z+O9/fm
+O53+fl43jf+fjiObfsPmPvwuJk+z/Ld247P8u3P8uvP8BX7O5r3+YA97LaI7/v4F+fB9Q4HxL/2
+95+z3kYh/s/3/uD7/v/Q1V99/jqkv74eOHFSrhPKZnZ+9jr+/X79sD4JfuHfud/n37wD/f74D93
eL/f/6xQC3Qqg6CSz/CNs8/wEur/7s/wpW3gSLzh+OH8GAP4YwwP//AB+IL2B+D45nb3eMY249sA
fjj7D5jGNG3hx23iSmOzbeASz/AUkvfwiO9Hbfv4F+fAYBjjbeALgG3hAfvDbeKCleHhxAADuOdQ
A0Lq2FYJ+/H78K9h2B76gKsZiGAf2IjE2QcIP/8q2ACMCIAcAYAYOSGOgyDZaI0j6PL/+AkkQLAg
RYL8qpLGF4Gp8obx8qGp8reiYKnwErP07LPxzrPxA1LF+y/Z1Nog2cXZ8BbVCCDZgCXaF/v/INi2
z/AT0lLvR+L7799H4vu/tRha6kfgDmy6A1HjW/vg3eFl9wcB81Hh3hxR4f//5+c4bw/5+NiO9/5/
CO53/qrqgFbiteH7/yDYts/wfiDYsW3gUvj9Hx4AINkH4DhjDAH4GIL2rmDJCOZ2beEl2dj7/DS0
aPsg2L8uYIgx/OKK+FVJMYH8oSKF6KGz8aN0i1UXMpLyo9TatDq72gOBQLEVVCEg2YTZXCXYCyDY
ys/wGLdtjpLH+0fi58/xfz3h/WvCAxj2tHj8KP+I0OEAMOGH9wcpyPb74H44ElVQ+4FxuSnhUeH7
UeFW4AtVfSDYys/wbyDYwG3gP8/xQLF+OOH8BUFt4SDZxyDZ+yDZ/Zsl3iDYyEIBVAAoAEIg2An+
S6rpf+ui+xFRrcKTEZA6Iin/O/vdLzH/7qUx+/b792/7+42H+/gAzfYwH/vh7vFIjf/gBOl57GBW
EdKQApAq9/v7+4y7ne0S+/IeGtn8DB0XvXH93QrzgfHvo2rB4gSNvPvgHvsKGi/+MXPJw/v4DpR6
78BC+5H7/j/7/4LPAA7dgvvfUFj7fZ/7/XiP/w/ZBVT7/Z3x4PtFgfv/WBp4/gOcYfsB/hzA/geB
DHDJ+7LxCSD8Xvtwq/4igNkez5IIEsJ5D/uh6vajdvu2//y28O3gwPGD8Ez/+4f7D/D+w/4b0OH/
/uP7Uf7h/hNR/axwAcMWQ/0szwf9tvL9tvAVRbYaz/H2+7bwcf5gTbby4rbxILbw/LbwGfAgKpj7
tvI+tvAo4bmQpJj7j2LE+/gMIgivufv4EOeR+/6CKin7/oJfuvv/R+L7/CioeJ5a+/++MNr7+A4s
KsBC+yTh+yfiIuAdAhIZ+x6hotD78R3gDf9MwNCSuK3c++MOvPI++/70SuqHHVToF/PvjBHg757x
8A/25iUfgNcxDwAc+/0H+4UPgB798ecBAAHB7wBy7nhI/PH75yoJ+/f7/Him8U4VWsXR//n7/MDR
+jKQ1Tfo+7zzwNCntvA04eHs7ws/9w+8GoOOsEMeEH/dCuED3LoHOrz2B4Oe9gO+Dvk6VbbwVMDQ
mbby5877vqzytvD422TA0EXjwNAq88XS4PtIkh/LmeTSD1Ta+wf70gjsA/sBwdhKKngVkvv4Csj7
+ArboVypqWj7u/G28B3A0BPnwNAKVseDwNC9/ieM/AHgKtqErsqe9MzyD/v/B+wFdfsH5YF2WevA
0Py28Bz92es2tvLutvJm6R/uTJrgYekPpav2B+wH93y28FrA0MTGqrbw3MDQbP7Ef+d6IuAgB2rk
38DSycDQbGgBPwAnADFgWAqmpvOb8uH7wfv/gfswCIAw/Aej5vHt4ZT+0gr29PEB7o/wAd44pn9w
vn/mePt4+Cb7JB5++3w+fnCHwwBgHr/tBOa/0gX/C/jf8AcL/u/4B5f+jOk+Av3w6Q/+/nymnaIC
pmG/oWXB+8DDKvv+eADH9jhNhwHn+/0Y+5gD7/sc05z7B/uM+4AhnQff+8D74AO/Egq/P/urDfES
6vtNefumutH7/fgocgTxsO77C+1q//vd+/+9C/8fn/7z+H/wH2dH/sf79tAPv/3u7oaOv/Hewrkg
vv6Zf1h3GAf9wqauuaUe+318YAjsnmMe3f4QIAv7eAtmhxwgC+AB9wuE+ECcC2s+CwCBgnELf6Yx
6a9R/9c4jP39/yfne97jOAs73RU7vfsbfY45+5r7Gp3796Yx+637sfcQ3U0J++H7C/wLMI60JHf7
8XfHuOz398/2+7/3+47jTmIL+D6P9wt/+wt/OALzC3/3C/uOYwt+9wt+dwu/+D8LlOa/x3jV+N/3
h2tElMT5Cw4W8ioCC3wL+IYh6FAL0o6qC/AHCyHod2xB+/gLkk0X68R5JMDXcBDgTn7t7vsw7/IO
7/AMAG7v8QB27/EA39067/gGABzv8QAO7/EABu/xVYgAAu/x2tL7/fG+dEjn+w7/nvseR9j7Pv+f
ofYDAO/yatuB7/LR8RDgefkQ4jAQ434Q4iq4sBDitJkQ4AoLEOEDdj8cEOK64AH2f5yE+S7uDodr
OvpW5INV+gvD4Xu9VJx91zz7beNwOKoQ7Bb2+8CKbkAcGvDe+56+xi0LeD8Lg34F6rkF6gqCCxDg
eQsQ4QttdxDifhDisBDiDhDgDJBuEOHTdmEUEOEL7/kLCOmmigv5/gt8C/iGIehQgMIL0gsxyQv4
lFIGCwELAAuCGscLAT0LAJcLcRwBQwsABgsAAsdxCwAJCwAUCwAqW9sh6lQh6qkh6DMQ4CN4EOA6
/u/ytqn47/Lm7/Ke9PI8+zLt3+/wDQ4Q4nDv8YB+3/ADAD4Q4hJxHhDgHuf73R4H28ViPv5WEOEe
EOIcEOK23YwQ4HT+Ber4EOLmEOF2nhDhbcP/PBDishDgDQ4Q4nD7fOHfg35mewu+4AGGf54Q4B4W
BP4F6v4F6QsF6QvBtgXpCwXqXgXqXQXqrVoQEOB0C/wQ4uYQ4QsQ4WyNCxDishDgDQ4Q4Rbxx+Oo
C9/3C+/5CxDgHuIoC/hzIehVC/ADCxDhCkILEOAc5xDh+wLUaAsQ4SHpFAsQ4h6rfxDiHBDiIegx
EOAjiAEiAC8AFjWVEOAKypf6+CCf+vD6/Kuw7vnE+Cn6+Atwkv2GP2Ka0PgnZJkPAfr8EE0ngvr8
cPr4APzoTRKBEevyYNC82fQIxM/6+Am96LVl+oD3kQmZH3z4Pv/6/Hwwq6B8+DTgfLzwNXrzOp36
/dz4Euri//1q//v96dT6jv78D/R+iPga2oqR4Og6+vzPavNP1vOvgTYj9B74NcPi8C6B+k8G5BgI
h4j6WZ38OPQkgcvj89oAOFQZ+nY5WPO94YB6+lWd9P6C4OpY8ycJfPg9/4izq/q4+nz4Nfzv2ug5
dPOKnvr93PgTrdn3rNn//fp6moh+zur+fz/0P8H8m+jK+A+jAUsAMgAq4O9VPwT/QKqqoAL8gPag
x+zyqIAfivIQD1MzhfKuAfDw+OPyHAPAAfJ4D4H///4qgFT4Hwf/1UCp8B4IfGr//4BT8Dg3u7VA
p+Bwb/fagFb//wBg+Hw5QKSg4fe73IBNQcP//+/X7UCooYfeF46ASVOP3BfwQw66ow/YFg8A8h/8
//lAoqof6CofAEFUP/BhcWw/8qg9GtHyfT94cTFAgqhzs4ny9r+Ajxfyquef/6v/D/Lv9v+uQICq
7w7/voCPj2p/r38N8nv3gHyPj/I/+/x58r/4APqPj/Jf/AD18q/+AeoHCCBX/wNKFqkAp6w88lR/
/AQTZKqf8gT1BfIkWf/y6PTy0/OF3v/4CuRD/3zSQwDwfzlyvfsBwUtyAAODuhtHDwe6AIYf/vD3
XnEBjh/IfGDlDD+3/r+7qZkcf2/32AAGGH74fDj9v3fx/drxAAwB++/X7AAIAfewJNrx+QPv2vH5
2vIkKPnf+cDf2vIUC7K/2vH5vdryolj52vL5tWKP9sZhNKr50WGr+drybbKo9drx+drxMxkA2vJR
avv8BDR4+UtJH/xQrTkn/lRJlGoDw8GKZAjZ6RMcbNze//gqD1LSpxttgBSftfyu/AUQf/CWE96P
2vEKBfkI2vL1N9ry0Hd32vMfgNrzDwHa8w4D2vMGB0EQ2vPq2vOr2vMEVava8/na83Fh2vLxYVVV
2vJF4dry3lra8qBa+fgKRaJsUvnO2vY8+drwb+DzVUFZycRbMloXYtLzPbTrEEVEtOr5tOrQUQW0
6vna8nnZ2vLIQQW06/m06z5R2vL5Qa2066W067vptOgTv7TsaqHa9LTu2vB+sFOtUNhlY/mq91Da
UtFQ2rHRUNr/3+5Q2t/X3lXuUNrPk89Q2tAUUNj5aupQ2SVV2vFQ2vlQ2drxV9ra8VI1+dryUNna
8VDY+NrzD1qDdNrxDi/h2vEG4iAI2vLq2vOr2vPKlava81DY9s4PtOtQ2auq+Qe061DZ2vJQ2dry
u+n+DbToE1DYmL4BZQA0ADmAoAv8niK1kZLwBn/54D1COvmdz/mAAfdP5/kH+/kAPjP5eXx93fn7
+fn+j/8ZOp357/7J+d/uiY/3+faOMPm/9gw5mr/3+rwc+fwdIv9/5+75x7t5hPn8tvmDWt358WID
78j/fgGDkvn+Ot2XfAD4+bwABvn8dE/u+bgAbvn4ETgAbcPpgrgB+fn//fn0//DH4/lr8Ox8B7gD
+ccPcA+4BvlAH7gO6w//+QA/uB759AAfvD2X8P//9gBv3/0P8PoA96/zH/D7A4fH97POP/mH94w+
+U8d//ePfl/5h/n9fG9D+Pnv+e/5/B8HvPD/8fnz5w+94PD9//sf2z/8AHD+e2x/1vn/nbR/5vDg
AG3tsv/wLZ3x2955u5Ty/t3bjfNd1/mAD9bd+XzycfAJ8/5x8+//cfMNut//cfO/hvn8cfN//lvw
cfN//XHzf3H0z3HwL/fuPM8g+bvg+beg8yyzW9D577CecfMILvlx84lx87/+cfMIuvlx821/8/n4
DT//IB1x8/Jx8/n2/+M+R/lr8O98H/lzwYwB+U/56/noh9H59z/fv/3X+QdPf+/f/QuU8a/z36d5
+bPPv/m8P/m/f3V3ePP5/3Hzv35x83++cfN/vfBuUXHxf9v5cfPX/nHz51TbPHHw/HHwxFPYToZx
8AvzcfS27fNx9ONT3MFT3MFT3IFT3AC2au5T2wBT3ABT3RDhWtr5+Au4Rxv5+BM4AAtT2mFT2wDc
aPlT2gBjU9sC+VPZBHSD+VPZCONT2xD5b4dT2iGH8PJT2cFT3AMfwQ8XA/eiDj/5h+eAU9kWbrPn
iFrZ+deGfHHyl9/hU9vwDwd4QPGACKTB8P//8/PkDzGAcPH/+RxDADDwe8OHaGBG+fgdlHzm+aEQ
/Akd8D7ZW9vge3NfwADd2ANj8Q5d0FBtpbfyf/SeaY7LxrDIn88TVLDMwJ754F30T/NNUGTx+fzg
+RRosMj8Kwg/2GbPP9xx8/lx85YFiXHzvyZB+XHzbbVtcfOwyPxx8GnQl/zqifz1ePQHawX5/Odx
8OOwyIbOsMxx8/mv2nHzfAAFWtxx8/n9sMjZzrDIwqq76GCYIzxx+fywy4/8sMtj8LsFsMthwLDL
cICwy3iwzKhbVbDLzrDM87DI/LDILHHz76AfcfHd3fn8P9uP/D/bc/M/233PRttiC37PYfl/P9y/
P9yCquU/29ewyPywyCtx8OSwyKmqqmCYJFPasMlT2rDJU9qwyVPaqtqwyVPasMlT2rDJU9qwyYSw
zDYcwrDM8bDIeXAYABAA7v/NBAACsMoIIAAKAFaACUB/Vi7QVWgBugAX6f/4DjL0VRX/+AvK+BHu
+BFd9GBhkPgMAPAAAAAAMwAAACAAEAKwBZwNYAEGDh+LDgwAi/FOifeM2wMeCgCOw/3zpFO4KwBQ
yy6LLggAjNqJ6D0AEHYDuAAQKcUpwinDjtqOw7ED0+CJwdHgSEiL8Iv486UJ7XXY/I7Cjtsx9jH/
uhAArYnF0e1KdQWticWyEHMDpOvxMcnR7Up1Ba2JxbIQciLR7Up1Ba2JxbIQ0dHR7Up1Ba2JxbIQ
0dFBQay3/4rY6RMArYvYsQPS74DP4IDkB3QMiOFBQSaKAari+uumrAjAdDQ8AXQFiMFB6+qJ+4Pn
D4HHACCxBNPrjMAB2C0AAo7AifOD5g/T64zYAdiO2Oly/ypGQUIqDh++WAFbg8MQidox/6wIwHQW
tAABx4vHg+cPsQTT6AHCjsImAR3r5a0JwHUIgcL/D47C69g9AQB12ovDiz4EAIs2BgABxgEGAgAt
EACO2I7AMdv6jtaL5/su/y8CYAAVIAABAA==

------ =_NextPart_000_01BD0A23.441C9960--




From: GANTZ-at-med-biophd.bu.edu
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 15:38:17 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Immunocytochemistry Network

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I remember seeing a reference to an Immunocytochemistry Network but did
not save the address. Could someone please make that available.
Thankyou.
Don Gantz
Biophysics Dept.
Boston Univ Medical School
gantz-at-med-biophd.bu.edu




From: scott.wight-at-nist.gov (Scott Wight)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 16:39:20 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: EDS on the ESEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Lynne
You may want to reconsider your windowless detector for the ESEM.
Windowless detectors on a high vacuum system are difficult to maintain
because all the water, hydrocarbons, and junk in the vacuum ends up on the
crystal because it is at liquid nitrogen temperature. The only way that I
could see this working was if you only went windowless when in an inert
atmosphere such as dry nitrogen, argon, or the like. You mention air at 1
torr at room temperature which seems incompatable with windowless EDS
operation. I do have some data on operating conditions for analysis and
how to test your xray resolution - please contact me off the list. Happy
holidays,
Scott Wight


} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

------------------------------------------------------------------
Scott Wight e-mail: SCOTT.WIGHT-at-NIST.GOV
NIST - Microanalysis Group W voice: 301-975-3949
Bld 222, Rm A113 | fax:301-216-1134/301-417-1321
Gaithersburg, MD 20899 \|/ disclaimer: Any opinion expressed is
my own and does not represent those of my employer.






From: scott.wight-at-nist.gov (Scott Wight)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 16:47:38 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: EDS on the ESEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

FYI, Small World has a ESEM version of the electron flight simulator which
is based on David Joys code. I have no financial interest in Small World,
I am just a beta tester of the ESEM version.
Scott Wight

------------------------------------------------------------------
Scott Wight e-mail: SCOTT.WIGHT-at-NIST.GOV
NIST - Microanalysis Group W voice: 301-975-3949
Bld 222, Rm A113 | fax:301-216-1134/301-417-1321
Gaithersburg, MD 20899 \|/ disclaimer: Any opinion expressed is
my own and does not represent those of my employer.






From: John Arnott :      ladres-at-worldnet.att.net
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 17:40:11 -0500
Subject: Re: Carbon Evaporating equip

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

edelmare-at-casmail.muohio.edu wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.}
}
}
}
} Ladd Research Industries, Inc.
} P.O. Box 1005
} Burlington, VT 05402
} PH: 802.878.6711
} FAX: 802.878.8074
}
} =} Bill Ladd designed one of the best, easiest to configure, easiest
} to clean, most flexible stage areas I have ever worked with (My
} Opinion).

To: Richard Edelman, Ph.D.
Miami University

Thank you for your kind words concerning the Ladd evaporator. There are
many users in the microscope world that would agree with you that Bill
Ladd's evaporator was "one of the best, easiest to configure, easiest to
clean, most flexible stage areas" etc. Ladd continues not only to
produce that evaporator but we have even improved it.

Both Margaret and Bill passed on a few years ago but their long-time
employees continue their tradition of quallity today after more than 40
years. It is always difficult to follow pioneers such as Margaret and
Bill, but we learned from them and know they'd be proud that we continue
to supply the microscopy world with the same quality of products that
they did for oh so many years.

John Arnott and the employees of Ladd




From: Peggy Ann Hale :      hale-at-mozart.nsc.com
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 18:10:40 -0800
Subject: unsubscribing for the holidays

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

--------------68407BE13609
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

To: Richard Edelman, Ph.D.
Miami University

Thank you for your kind words concerning the Ladd Evaporator. There are
many users in the microscope world that would agree with you that Bill
Ladd's evaporator was "one of the best, easiest to configure, easiest to
clean, most flexible stage areas" etc. Ladd continues not only to
produce that evaporator but we have even improved it.

Both Margaret and Bill passed on a few years ago but their long-time
employees continue their tradition of quality today after more than 40
years. It is always difficult to follow pioneers such as Margaret and
Bill, but we learned from them and know they'd be proud that we continue
to supply the microscopy world with the same quality products they did
for oh so many years.

John Arnott and the employees of Ladd

--------------68407BE13609
Content-Type: message/rfc822
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: inline

X-Mozilla-Status: 0001
Message-ID: {349AF7CB.4EF6-at-worldnet.att.net}

unsubscribe





From: C.John Runions :      cjr14-at-cornell.edu
Date: Sat, 20 Dec 1997 12:10:25 +0500
Subject: About postponing for the Holidays

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

It looks as if we are about to get a bunch of 'unsubscribe' for the holiday
messages (sent to the list rather than the listserver for some reason). I'm
sure there is a 'postpone' command that has a complementary 'unpostpone'
command. These can be sent to the listserver any time you want cessation
of mail delivery in the short term.

i) Am I correct? and ii) If so, can someone in the know tell us all the
proper command phrase and the address to send it to
(listserv-at-msa.microscopy.com?)

Ho-Ho-Ho, John


=================
C. John Runions, Ph.D
Section of Ecology and Systematics
Corson Hall
Cornell University
Ithaca, New York
USA 14853

email cjr14-at-cornell.edu
phone (607) 254-4282
Fax (607) 255-8088






From: Chris MacLean :      cmaclean-at-vaytek.com
Date: Sat, 20 Dec 1997 15:13:57 -0600
Subject: Re: CLSM / 3D

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello,

I work for VayTek. We sell a volume rendering product called VoxBlast.


I'm responding to Geoff Avern's question on December 17th concerning 3D.
} 2) Does anyone know of commercially available 3D IA programs? (I want to
} measure object sizes and object orientations)
}
VoxBlast is a 3D volume visualisation and measurement software that runs on
UNIX, Windows 95/NT, and Mac. VoxBlast creates a volume from a stack of 2D
images. The 2D images can be from many sources such as bright field,
fluorescence, confocal, MRI, PET, CT, geological, etc. VoxBlast also has
measuremement tools to give you object size and coordinates for selected
points in 3D space. Our Windows version currently has a 3D Object Counting
function that gives you the XYZ coordinates, volume, average density of each
object found fitting the specified cluster size limits, and gray level
limits.


If you have any interest in VoxBlast, please go to our web site at
WWW.VAYTEK.COM . You can take a look at comparative rendering times for
many machines on all three platforms. You can also download demo versions
for each of the platforms.

Best regards

Patrick Guerin
Customer Technical Support Engineer
VayTek, Inc.
305 West Lowe Avenue, Suite 109
PO Box 732
Fairfield Iowa 52556-0732
Tel : 1-515-472-2227
Fax : 1-515-472-8131
E-mail : pguerin-at-vaytek.com
_______________________________________





From: Hugo H. Ortega :      hhortega-at-unl.edu.ar
Date: Sat, 20 Dec 1997 23:27:16 -0300
Subject: IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I would need information on solutions used in order to dilute
antibodies in immunohistochemistry

THANK YOU

----------------------------------------------------------
Dr. Hugo H. Ortega
Laboratorio de Investigaciones Histologicas Aplicadas
Catedra de Histologia y Embriologia
Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria
Universidad Nacional del Litoral

e-mail: hhortega-at-unl.edu.ar
hortega-at-fbcb.unl.edu.ar

------------------------------------------------------------




From: Nestor J. Zaluzec :      zaluzec-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com
Date: Sat, 20 Dec 1997 23:14:57 -0600
Subject: Holiday - Postponing, Annual Messages etc...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Colleagues

There is no postpone/unpostpone command, please
review your instructions which you all received when
you first subscribed. Or review them on the MSA WWW Site.

------------------------------------------------------
To remove yourself for the holidays

Simple send an UNSUBSCRIBE Email message to

Listserver-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com

then SUBSCRIBE once again when you return to

Listserver-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com

------------------------------------------------------
P.S. Please remember you include your subscription address
for many people this may not be identical to your current
email address if your mail is forwarded or you use an alias!
------------------------------------------------------

To avoid the mass of annual seansonal messages allow me
to post a generic message:

***********************************************
Everyone on the Listserver wishes Everyone else a
healthy and happy holiday season!
***********************************************

Cheers....
Nestor
Your Friendly Neighborhood SysOp.






From: Nestor J. Zaluzec :      zaluzec-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 1997 00:14:27 -0600
Subject: Call For Papers : Microscopy & Microanalysis ' 98 is now On-Line

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Colleages...

The Call for Papers and Meeting Information Booklet for

Microscopy & Microanalysis '98 is now on-line at

http://www.msa.microscopy.com


Hard copy versions of this have been mailed to all
MSA Members last week. Information on how to
request hard copy is available on the WWW site.

Please remember the Abstract Deadline for the
meeting this year is FEB 1, 1998.


Cheers...
Nestor
Your Friendly Neighborhood SysOp.






From: mark_munro-at-bio-rad.com
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 97 08:46:54 -0800
Subject: Image ratioing

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



Dear All,
Is anyone aware of any freeware/shareware/cheap image analysis package
that ratio a pair of images to provide data, and a third ratio image?

thanks a lot,


Mark Munro.






From: Gary Dietrich Chinga :      garyc-at-stud.ntnu.no
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 1997 10:50:47 +0100 (MET)
Subject: 3D-RECONSTRUCTION

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


HI!

Our department is trying to find a way of making 3D reconstruction of
plants under development. I am aware of something called "3D digitizer",
but I am not sure how it works.

For the moment we are just making movies of plants and taking 2D images
around the plant (36 images) such that we can make a QTVR film.

Maybe this is a subject for a 3D reconstruction mailing list, does
somebody know of such a list?.

Thanks

Gary Chinga
Plantebiosenteret
NTNU
Norway.






From: Birgit Neubohn :      neubohn-at-IPK-Gatersleben.de
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 1997 14:02:02 +0100
Subject: Supplier for collodion

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear microscopists,

can anybody tell me where in Germany or Europe I can buy collodion
(celloidin, parlodion), as a powder or as a solution in amylacetate.
I found it in an old catalog from Electron Microscopy Sciences but do not
have their e-mail or European adress.
The 25% solution from Polysciences seems to me to be to concentrated for
coating grids.
Thanks in advance

Birgit


Dr. Birgit Neubohn
Institut fuer Pflanzengenetik
und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK)
Corrensstr. 3
D-06466 Gatersleben-Deutschland

Tel.: (+49) 039482 5447
Fax: (+49) 039482 5139
e-mail: neubohn-at-ipk-gatersleben.de







From: Chris Adams :      cadams-at-lanl.gov
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 1997 07:32:12 -0600
Subject: unsubscribing for the holidays

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

unsubscribe

Chris D. Adams

****************************
Mailing Address:
P.O. Box 1663, M. S. E549
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Los Alamos, NM 87545

Phone: 505-667-2028
Fax: 505-667-8109
email: cadams-at-lanl.gov
****************************






From: Tamara Howard :      howard-at-cshl.org
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 1997 10:17:09 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Fluoronanogold

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone have any experience with the fluorescently-tagged nanogolds?
I'm starting to use one and have hit a snag; I'd like some practical input
from anyone using these. The people at Nanoprobes are being very helpful,
but I would like to talk to other "real-life" users, offline.

Thanks!

Tamara Howard
CSHL







From: CP Luftensteiner :      lcp-at-idefix.ptech.univie.ac.at
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 1997 07:50:54 -0800
Subject: address for Technics

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello!

I am looking for the address of the company Technics, which produces the
Hummer sputters. I know, its in Virginia. Could you mail me the whole
adress (city...).

Thanks a lot!

CP Luftensteiner

I'm afraid the address I have is too old to be of any use ... if anyone
on the Microscopy list can help then please reply directly to:

CP Luftensteiner {lcp-at-idefix.ptech.univie.ac.at}

cheerios, shAf

{\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} cogito, ergo zZOooOM {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/}
Michael Shaffer, R.A. - University of Oregon Electron Probe Facility
mshaf-at-oregon.uoregon.edu -or- mshaf-at-darkwing.uoregon.edu
http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~mshaf/epmahome/




From: Vickie Allison :      Vickie_Allison-at-mesaqm.sps.mot.com
Date: 22 Dec 1997 09:54:54 -0700
Subject: Re: address for Technics

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
"Microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Co" {Microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com} "
Cc: "CP Luftensteiner" {lcp-at-idefix.ptech.univie.ac.at}
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP-QM 4.1.0



From: by way of Michael Shaffer :      msh
Date: 12/22/97 9:29 AM
Subject: Re: address for Technics

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

RE} address for Technics 12/22/97

The address that I have is:

Anatech LTD.
6621-F Electronic Drive
Springfield, VA 22151-4303

(800) 752-7629
FAX (703) 941-8077
PHONE (703) 941-8860

We have two Hummers in our lab.

Vickie Allison, Group Leader, MOS 6 SEM Lab, Motorola, Inc.

--------------------------------------

Hello!

I am looking for the address of the company Technics, which produces the
Hummer sputters. I know, its in Virginia. Could you mail me the whole
adress (city...).

Thanks a lot!

CP Luftensteiner

I'm afraid the address I have is too old to be of any use ... if anyone
on the Microscopy list can help then please reply directly to:

CP Luftensteiner {lcp-at-idefix.ptech.univie.ac.at}

cheerios, shAf

{\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} cogito, ergo zZOooOM {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/}
Michael Shaffer, R.A. - University of Oregon Electron Probe Facility
mshaf-at-oregon.uoregon.edu -or- mshaf-at-darkwing.uoregon.edu
http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~mshaf/epmahome/







From: Wayne England :      wengland-at-ortech.on.ca
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 1997 13:25:00 -0500
Subject: analysis for mercury

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Message-Id: {97Dec22.122433est.23553-1-at-gateway.ortech.on.ca}

Seasons Greetings to all!!

For those of us left working this close to Christmas, we are looking at a
contaminant that appears to be mercury but are concerned about the potential
hazard to both man (and woman) and machine. Are there any brave souls that
have looked at mercury using a cryo system and is it relatively safe and
non-destructive?? We would also like to get sample particle sizes and other
potential elements present.

Any input is greatly appreciated.

TIA

Wayne England
wengland-at-ortech.on.ca





From: John Arnott :      ladres-at-worldnet.att.net
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 1997 16:13:55 -0500
Subject: Supplier for collodion

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} Birgit Neubohn wrote:
} }
}
} } Dear microscopists,
} }
} } can anybody tell me where in Germany or Europe I can buy collodion
} } (celloidin, parlodion), as a powder or as a solution in amylacetate.
} } I found it in an old catalog from Electron Microscopy Sciences but do not
} } have their e-mail or European adress.
} } The 25% solution from Polysciences seems to me to be to concentrated for
} } coating grids.
} } Thanks in advance
} }
} } Birgit
} }
} } Dr. Birgit Neubohn
} } Institut fuer Pflanzengenetik
} } und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK)
} } Corrensstr. 3
} } D-06466 Gatersleben-Deutschland
} }
} } Tel.: (+49) 039482 5447
} } Fax: (+49) 039482 5139
} } e-mail: neubohn-at-ipk-gatersleben.de
}
} Dr. Neubohn,
}
} Ladd Research can supply your needs, as can many of the other supply
} houses. Please contact me directly with your exact needs (i.e.
} concentration). We can sell direct to you or through one of our agents
} in Europe.
}
} Rita Arnott
} International Sales
} Ladd Research
} 13 Dorset Lane
} Williston, VT 05495 USA
} tel 1-802-878-6711
} fax 1-802-878-8074
} e-mail ladres-at-worldnet.att.net




From: John Arnott :      ladres-at-worldnet.att.net
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 1997 16:13:55 -0500
Subject: Supplier for collodion

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} Birgit Neubohn wrote:
} }
}
} } Dear microscopists,
} }
} } can anybody tell me where in Germany or Europe I can buy collodion
} } (celloidin, parlodion), as a powder or as a solution in amylacetate.
} } I found it in an old catalog from Electron Microscopy Sciences but do not
} } have their e-mail or European adress.
} } The 25% solution from Polysciences seems to me to be to concentrated for
} } coating grids.
} } Thanks in advance
} }
} } Birgit
} }
} } Dr. Birgit Neubohn
} } Institut fuer Pflanzengenetik
} } und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK)
} } Corrensstr. 3
} } D-06466 Gatersleben-Deutschland
} }
} } Tel.: (+49) 039482 5447
} } Fax: (+49) 039482 5139
} } e-mail: neubohn-at-ipk-gatersleben.de
}
} Dr. Neubohn,
}
} Ladd Research can supply your needs, as can many of the other supply
} houses. Please contact me directly with your exact needs (i.e.
} concentration). We can sell direct to you or through one of our agents
} in Europe.
}
} Rita Arnott
} International Sales
} Ladd Research
} 13 Dorset Lane
} Williston, VT 05495 USA
} tel 1-802-878-6711
} fax 1-802-878-8074
} e-mail ladres-at-worldnet.att.net




From: Ron Doole :      ron.doole-at-materials.oxford.ac.uk
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 1997 08:00:03 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: Collodian

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Dear Birgit,
Agar Scientific have 2% collodion in amyl acetate and other film
making materials in their catalogue.

Agar Scientific Ltd. phone +(44) 279 81519
66a, Canbridge Road, Fax +(44) 279 815106
Stansted,
Essex. CM24 8DA. UK.

`Only a customer.'
Ron
===========================================================================
Mr. Ron Doole e-mail ron.doole-at-materials.ox.ac.uk
Department of Materials, phone +44 (0) 1865 273701
University of Oxford, fax +44 (0) 1865 283333
Parks Road.
Oxford. OX1 3PH. UK.
============================================================================





From: Joergen Bilde-Soerensen 5802 :      j.bilde-at-risoe.dk
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 1997 09:57:51 +0100
Subject: Re: EDS on the ESEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Lynne Garone wrote:
} Hi Fellow Microscopists,
} We have just installed a "windowless" Si(Li) EDS detector for our
} ESEM. We would like to establish the spatial resolution of the
} detector in the system as a function of our typical ESEM conditions:
} 15KV, short working distance using the extended bullet, about 1 torr
} pressure, gas: air, at room and cryogenic temperatures. We are curious
} if fellow ESEMer's have undertaken a similar study and have some
} numbers to share. Are there better conditions to optimize performance?
} Any suggestions for good standards to test the spatial resolution?
}

Hi Lynne,

It is possible to restore spatial resolution for EDS in the ESEM by
correcting for the beam skirt effects. The methods are described in a
paper which can be found at the web-address:

http://www.risoe.dk/afm/news1new.htm

best regards,
Joergen.


J. B. Bilde-Soerensen
Senior Research Scientist, Ph. D.
Materials Research Department
Risoe National Laboratory
DK-4000 Roskilde
Denmark

e-mail: j.bilde-at-risoe.dk
phone: +45 46 77 58 02 (direct)
phone: +45 46 77 46 77 (switchboard)
fax: +45 46 77 57 58
website: http://www.risoe.dk




From: svepet :      svepet-at-ikp.liu.se
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 1997 14:36:20 +0100 (MET)
Subject: Electrolythic polishing of TEM metallic specimens

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I am continuing on the subject below in seeking someones opinion on the
difference betweeen the ordinary Struers Tenupol3 and a less known equipment
called 550D from South Bay Technology.
Are those two comparable and can 550D be used for routine work.....

Old message
I am interested in your opinion about electrolyhtic thinning apparatues and
their performance. I am planning to buy a jet polishing machine to be used
for making thin foils from 3mm disks. The material I am interested in is
High strength Aluminium alloys, steels, stainless steels.

Best wishes=20
Sten Johansson

Link=F6ping University
Department of Mechanical Engineering





From: David Saiki :      dsaiki-at-oregon.idt.com
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 1997 08:34:36 -0800
Subject: SEM Technician Job Opening

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


I just wanted to put the word out that Integrated Device Technology (IDT)
has an immediate opening for a Sem Technician in our 8" Fab in Portland
Oregon. The actual position is listed below along with my contact
information. This is a well timed opportunity to get into a position and
facility with very good growth potential. Thank you all for your time and
have a great holiday season.

Dave Saiki
IDT Staffing

SEM Technician

Description: Analytical SEM support for manufacturing, technology
transfer, and yield enhancement. Responsible for surface and cross
section sample preparation, sustaining, and imaging - Dimensional
measurements (CD, film thickness) - EDX analysis. Will be working in a
fully automated 8" wafer fab. New facility with a lot of growth coming.

A 2 year degree with 3+ years of experience doing Integrated Circuit
construction / Failure Analysis are required for this position.

Please Respond:
IDT Oregon
3131 NE Brookwood Pkwy.
Hillsboro, OR 97124
503-681-6376 fax
e-mail
{a href="mailto:dsaiki-at-oregon.idt.com"} dsaiki-at-oregon.idt.com {/a}

IDT's Web Page: www.idt.com




From: Gerald Harrison :      jerry-at-biochem.dental.upenn.edu
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 1997 12:24:05 -0500
Subject: Technical Service for JEOL T330-A (SEM)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello fellow microscopists,

We are currently looking for other options in Service Contracts for
our JEOL JSM T330-A SEM. Our instrument is about 8 years old, has performed
very well over this time and has been under manufacturer's Service Contract.

Because our usage has been reduced over the last couple of years, we
would like to know if there are other options for maintaining and/or
repairing this scope than the very expensive manufacturer's Service
Contract. We are located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and would be
interested in considering any provider who works on SEMs of this type in
this region.

Any help, advice or provider recommendations would be greatly
appreciated.

Happy year-end Holidays to all -- Gerald Harrison





From: David Saiki :      dsaiki-at-oregon.idt.com
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 1997 11:39:00 -0800
Subject: SEM Technician Job Opening

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I beg your pardon but I failed to include my email and fax# on the
preceding message.


Dave Saiki
IDT Staffing

SEM Technician

Description: Analytical SEM support for manufacturing, technology
transfer, and yield enhancement. Responsible for surface and cross
section sample preparation, sustaining, and imaging - Dimensional
measurements (CD, film thickness) - EDX analysis. Will be working in a
fully automated 8" wafer fab. New facility with a lot of growth coming.

A 2 year degree with 3+ years of experience doing Integrated Circuit
construction / Failure Analysis are required for this position.

Please Respond:
IDT Oregon
3131 NE Brookwood Pkwy.
Hillsboro, OR 97124
fax: 503-681-6376
e-mail dsaiki-at-oregon.idt.com
IDT's Web Page: www.idt.com




From: svepet
Date: Tuesday, December 23, 1997 2:36PM
Subject: Electrolythic polishing of TEM metallic specimens

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


I have owned and used both instruments as well as another instrument made by
EAF Fischione that you should also consider before making you mind up. The
tenepol and the Fischione model have dual polishing capability whereas the
SouthBay unit only has one sided. However, the SouthBay unit can be easily
converted to a chemical polishing unit for other types of materials, such as
semiconductors. It can handle some pretty nasty chemicals. Another
advantage of the SouthBay unit is that Bernie Kestel from Argonne National
Lab has published a lot of articles on how to use this instrument for some
innovative sample preparation. You can get these publications from SouthBay
Technology. You should probably get a hold of them anyway since they really
are definitive works on how to electropolish. The Fischione unit has a well
designed sample holder that makes terminating and rinsing the sample very
nice and easy. The Fischione and the SouthBay units have a reasonably sized
power supply for TEM electropolishing. The Tenepol unit is huge. I
modified the Tenepol unit to take the Fischione sample holder and it worked
very nicely. I believe that they have modified their sample holder since I
used it. If you plan to do any other type of electropolishing of large
sample, the large power supply of the Tenepol unit is a plus. I used it to
electroplate and electropolish parts that went into a UHV system.

Contact Dave Henriks or Shane Roberts at SouthBay Technology at
"sbt-at-southbaytech.com"
and Paul Fischione at EAF Fischione Instruments at
"Paul.Fischione-at-internetMCI.COM"

I hope that these ramblings have helped more than they have confused you.

-Scott Walck


Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of Scott D. Walck and not of PPG
Industries, Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."





----------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

I am continuing on the subject below in seeking someones opinion on the
difference betweeen the ordinary Struers Tenupol3 and a less known equipment
called 550D from South Bay Technology.
Are those two comparable and can 550D be used for routine work.....

Old message
I am interested in your opinion about electrolyhtic thinning apparatues and
their performance. I am planning to buy a jet polishing machine to be used
for making thin foils from 3mm disks. The material I am interested in is
High strength Aluminium alloys, steels, stainless steels.

Best wishes
Sten Johansson

Linkvping University
Department of Mechanical Engineering






From: Rick Felten :      rfelten-at-Macdermid.com
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 1997 18:04:00 -0600
Subject: Stage motorization

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html




Rick Felten
12/23/97 03:13 PM
We need to have the stage motorized on our Hitachi S2400 SEM. The quote
from Hitachi is $16,000 for X and Y w/ installation. I am sure that they
have chosen a reputable sub-contractor for the job. Before we commit does
anyone know of a significantly cheaper option that would still give us high
quality performance?

Ric.






From: Peter Jordan :      emsi-at-pe.net
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 1997 16:55:37 -0800
Subject: Re: Technical Service for JEOL T330-A (SEM)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Gerald Harrison wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Hello fellow microscopists,
}
} We are currently looking for other options in Service Contracts for
} our JEOL JSM T330-A SEM. Our instrument is about 8 years old, has performed
} very well over this time and has been under manufacturer's Service Contract.
}
} Because our usage has been reduced over the last couple of years, we
} would like to know if there are other options for maintaining and/or
} repairing this scope than the very expensive manufacturer's Service
} Contract. We are located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and would be
} interested in considering any provider who works on SEMs of this type in
} this region.
}
} Any help, advice or provider recommendations would be greatly
} appreciated.
}
} Happy year-end Holidays to all -- Gerald Harrison

Dear Gerald:
Most independent service organizations are to some degree local. So it
would be very helpful to know where you are located.
Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.
Peter Jordan, EMSI, an independend TEM service company servicing
Southern California




From: Sara Miller :      saram-at-acpub.duke.edu
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 1997 22:16:15 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Re: Supplier for collodion

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

You could just add some solvent (probably iso amyl acetate) to your present
supply. You'll have to guess the amount by adding some and watching the
color of your resulting film. Start with about 10% (e.g., add 0.1 ml
solvent into 1 ml commercial solution. Your film should be a light silver
grey when viewed by reflected fluorescent light (like very thin silver
sections). Concentration occurs through evaporation, and you can always
dilute it to your specifications by experimentation.
Sara



On Mon, 22 Dec 1997, Birgit Neubohn wrote:

} Date: Mon, 22 Dec 1997 14:02:02 +0100
} From: Birgit Neubohn {neubohn-at-IPK-Gatersleben.de}
} To: microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
} Subject: Supplier for collodion
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Dear microscopists,
}
} can anybody tell me where in Germany or Europe I can buy collodion
} (celloidin, parlodion), as a powder or as a solution in amylacetate.
} I found it in an old catalog from Electron Microscopy Sciences but do not
} have their e-mail or European adress.
} The 25% solution from Polysciences seems to me to be to concentrated for
} coating grids.
} Thanks in advance
}
} Birgit
}
}
} Dr. Birgit Neubohn
} Institut fuer Pflanzengenetik
} und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK)
} Corrensstr. 3
} D-06466 Gatersleben-Deutschland
}
} Tel.: (+49) 039482 5447
} Fax: (+49) 039482 5139
} e-mail: neubohn-at-ipk-gatersleben.de
}
}
}

Sara E. Miller, Ph. D.
P. O. Box 3020
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, NC 27710
Ph: 919 684-3452
FAX: 919 684-8735





From: CIARA_MULLAN-at-Non-HP-UnitedKingdom-om2.om.hp.com
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 97 09:07:06 +0000
Subject: Re: Supplier for collodion

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Item Subject: cc:Mail Text
Unsubscribe Ciara Mullan




From: José Luis Encinas :      encina1-at-ibm.net
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 1997 22:33:24 -0800
Subject: Feliz Navidad

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Es Navidad y quiero escribir en castellano.

Feliz Navidad, en especial a los hispanoparlantes (joe que feo suena).

=BFCuantos de los anteriores seremos, metidos en este grupo?

Si alguien lo sabe, =BFme lo podr=EDa decir?. Igual "daba" para hacer alg=
o
juntos.

http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Lab/1987/
(Control de Calidad en productos de consumo)

- Que os traigan muchas cosas los Reyes o Pap=E1 Noel -




From: SONEJA A K :      soneja-at-giasbma.vsnl.net.in
Date: Thu, 25 Dec 1997 14:52:48 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: MERRY XMAS AND HAPPY 1998.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


WISHING YOU A MERRY XMAS AND A GREAT 1998.

Best regards,

Anish Soneja

Director
MENZEL LABORTECHNIK
-Your Imaging Solution Provider
327 Wadala Udyog Bhavan,Wadala,MUMBAI(BOMBAY )400 031.INDIA
Tel:91 22 4145057/4165650 MOBILE GSM:91 98201 43131
Fax 91 22 4168757
Email:soneja-at-giasbma.vsnl.net.in
Homepage:www.menzelab.com





From: Leah L Dobbs :      Leah_L_Dobbs-at-ccm.ch.intel.com
Date: Wed, 17 Dec 97 08:21:00 PST
Subject: Negative Scanners

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


They have a web site, www.cerious.com. Email is pcrews-at-cerious.com, phone
is (704) 529-0200, fax is (704) 529-0497. You can download a shareware
version from their web site to try it. The licensed version has a few more
features. If you use a network, I recommend the network version.
-Scott

Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of S.D. Walck and not of PPG Industries,
Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."

----------


Text item:

Does anyone have experience using the Polaroid Sprint Scan 45 for TEM
negatives? I would appreciate any opinions on this scanner.

Thanks,

Leah L Dobbs
TEM Analyst
Intel Corporation




Text item: External Message Header

The following mail header is for administrative use
and may be ignored unless there are problems.

***IF THERE ARE PROBLEMS SAVE THESE HEADERS***.




From: 00lrganion-at-bsuvc.bsu.edu
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 10:33:42 -0500 (EST)
Subject: In Situ Workshop

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

There was a listing regarding an In Situ Workshop to be held in Florida.
Somehow I misplaced the annoucement. If someone has the annoucement or even
the phone number of the contact person, I would appreciate receiving this
information. My email is 00lganion-at-BSU.edu. Thanks.




From: chris gilpin :      cgilpin-at-fs1.sem.man.ac.uk
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 15:27:00 BST
Subject: Re: Batch Printing of Images

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


} Rick Felten
} 12/15/97 12:52 PM
} Does anyone know a way to print several image files in an automatic fashion
} that would include the file name on the image. I am using windows 95.
}
} Thanks in advance.



We also use Thumbs plus. networked, multilple printers over win95/NT4
Great software!


Chris
Chris Gilpin
Biological Sciences Electron Microscope Unit
G452 Stopford Building
Oxford Road
Manchester
M13 9PT
phone +44 161 275 5170
fax +44 161 275 5171
http://www.biomed.man.ac.uk/biology/emunit/emhome.html




From: Garry Burgess :      GBurgess-at-exchange.hsc.mb.ca
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 09:34:46 -0600
Subject: Problems in Diag. EM - included

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Opps, I forgot to enclose my list yesterday of common problems
associated with specimen collection, and tissue processing. I was
hoping to get a complete list, and was hoping that other people could
mention problems that they might have encountered in these areas.

Difficulties faced in the Collection of Tissue

1. Lack of the proper information on the requisitions.
eg: time of fixation. Since the tissue must sit in fixative for
minimum of 1 hour, if we don't know this time, then we must wait at
least an hour before processing the tissue further.
-name or pathology number missing, or no number on the vial, or no
requisition, or a requisition with no sample.
-if the requistion is not marked as a "priority", then we don't proceed
to cut blue sections on the tissue, and this might result in needless
delays.
-illegible handwriting.

2. Insufficient sample
-we often get tubes of "sample" that are apparently empty. Unless we
can physically see some sample, we have trouble processing the sample
because of the solution changes that we must put the sample through. If
we can't see it, how do we know that we aren't "throwing the baby out
with the bath water".

3. With kidney biopsy samples, the biopsy misses the glomeruli.

4. Too large of a specimen. Not only can the fixative not penetrate
such a large specimen larger than a millimeter cubed, but it's extremely
difficult to dehydate such tissue in the time frame that we are allowed.
With incomplete dehydration, it's not possible to get the plastic to
fully infiltrate the specimen, making it almost impossible to cut
ultrathin, or even semithin for that matter.

Another reason why it is difficult to cut an incompletely dehyrdrated
specimen block is because we cannot get complete polymerization of the
plastic, so it is too soft, and does not give us enough support to cut
to the very thin thicknesses required.

5. Vials with lids not tight enough.

6. Wrong specimen for the patient, or 2 specimens in the same vial,
from different patients, or multiple specimens from the same patient
with different tissue types in the same vial.

7. Specimen stuck to the side or lid of vial, instead of being immersed
in the fixative. This might result in the specimen drying out, which of
course totally destroys the ultrastructure. During the cutting of the
block, it's possible to tell if the specimen has suffered this fate,
because of "smoothing" problems when trying to smooth out the block
surface.

8. Fresh blood or tissue sent to us directly, instead of being sent in
the fixative, or sent in fixative that was poorly prepared from the
referral lab. (or method of preparation was questionable.)

9. Pathologist might refer to a case by the diagnosis or tissue type,
rather than the patient name or pathology number, leaving the
technologist a bit baffled until they determine what case the
pathologist has in mind.

10. Though it has not been a problem for us, some people might wonder
what ratio of specimen to fixative should be used. In general, at least
9 parts fixative to 1 part specimen would be the largest possible ratio
that one might choose.

11. Wrong container. Sperm samples have been sent in condoms, fecal
samples have been sent in Cheeze Whiz jars etc, and this is not
acceptable. Usually the vials supplied by our lab are adequate for most
preparations, unless the sample must be centrifuged, in which case it
would be preferable to sent the sample in a Falcon plastic centrifuge
tube, with an adequate amount of fixative.

Problems in Polymerization

1. High humidity that we sometimes get in the summer months poses a
problem for us in that the water in the air will not give us a plastic
that polymerizes hard enough, consequently we have an impossible time
trying to cut the specimen ultrathin. Even tbough the plastic would be
hard enough for us to cut semi-thin sections, is is not hard enough to
cut ultrathin.

We try to compensate through the use of dessicants and rotary vacuum
pumps, to try to make our polymerization over as dry as possible, but
even so, we have noticed that on the extremely humid days, the problem
persists.

2. In some cases where orientation of the specimen is important, it may
be difficult for us to determine the specimen orientation after fixation
in Osmium Tetroxide, because the uniform black color makes it difficult
to determine which side is which. In these cases reorientation after
polymerization may be the only way to correct the problem.

3. Fine Needle Aspirate samples tend to give more problems in
polymerization because they seem to generate more bubbles, which will
often occur right at the point of interest in the specimen. We have to
break all of these bubbles manually to correct the problem.

4. Use of Epon-Araldite resins, especially when combined with routine
strong fixatives such as Glutaraldehyde and Osmium Tetroxide tend to
destroy sensitive antigens which might have had some significance in
Immunocytochemistry. This plastic also effectively renders most water
soluble stains ineffective for semithin sections, essentially forcing us
to adopt a monochromatic stain, rather than the preferable H+E stain
which would show us contrast between the nuclei and the cytoplasm.

5. A balance must be struck between rush infiltration versus incomplete
infiltration. After the sample has been polymerized though, it becomes
quite useless if it has only been partially infiltrated, because at
that point, it even becomes impossible to cut semi-thin sections.


Difficulties in Sectioning

1. Some tissues, because of their consistency, especially longitudinal
sections of nervers, wrinkle excessively, and it is an extremely
tiresome problem to deal with.

2. Plastics that have not polymerized hard enough are usually very
difficult to section, and if it is possible to section, the sections
break up easily of their own accord, or sometimes when under the
electron beam. Usually water is to blame for this problem, especially
incomplete dehydration or high humidity.

3. Plastic that is too brittle may shatter when it is being trimmed to
make a useable block face. This makes it difficult to cut as well.
Making plastic very quickly at high temperatures tends to result in this
form of brittle plastic.

Difficulties in Staining.

1. Tissue that has stayed for too long in Glutaraldehyde my lose
staining sites, and may only stain very pale, making it difficult to
discern ultrastructure under the microscope.

Photography under the microscope.

1. Micrographs that are too dark result in excessive contrast.
Conversely, micrographs that are too light result in prints with
inadequate contrast. Micrographs that vary widely in density are
difficult to print, because exposure time in the darkroom has to be
changed frequently, and this results in many time wasting tests.

2. Care should be given not to shake the microscope during an exposure,
or a blurred negative will result.

3. Care should be taken not to exceed the number of negatives in the
electron microscope, or missing images will result.

4. With some of the older machines, one should be careful about
potential camera jams, and note any unusual sounds that may occur during
operation of the camera.

5. One might also be careful to note any sudden drops in vacuum after
the introduction of new film. It could be that that film emulsion has
not been sufficiently dried before being placed in the electron
microscope.

6. Charged specimen holders or apertures can cause a slow shaking in
the image that is due to charge building up and discharging. But this
motion or drift can cause blurry micrographs. This can be corrected by
cleaning the specimen holder in acetone, or changing the objective
aperture. Increased contrast can be achieved by choosing a smaller
objective aperture (of about 20 microns), and conversely, less contrast
will be seen with a larger objective aperture.

7. Exact magnifications can be measured by using a calibration grid
during the same session, and taking a few micrographs at the desired
mag. with the calibration grid.

8. The biggest problem encountered is out of focus micrographs. This
can be determined by inspection of the negative. Careful use of the
wobbler focusing aid, and awareness of loss of contrast at the focused
point can help reduce this problem. [some people forget to turn it off
though, after using it!!] Beginners might find it useful to focus with
the aid of a "hole" in the plastic, since the fresnel fringe will be
clearly visible, and a large bright fresnel fringe on the inside of the
hold indicates underfocus, whereas if the fringe is on the outside of
the hole, it indicates overfocus.

9. The EM user should work quickly, without rushing themselves, because
leaving the beam on a single area of the section burns the section. The
burning might not be noticeable in the microscope, but will be readily
apparent on the micrograph, and will show up as a dark circle.
Excessive burning may even result in a complete penetration of the
plastic by melting, resulting in total destruction of that area of the
section.

10. The user should also be careful that the area of interest of the
section is included on the micrograph. This is indicated on the screen
by small angle marks incribed on the screen. The user should also be
aware that the final image will be enlarged another 2.7 times or so in
the enlarger to make the final print, and this needs to be taken into
account when determining target magnification.







From: I.Montgomery-at-bio.gla.ac.uk (Ian Montgomery)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 09:51:42 +0100
Subject: Unsubscribe.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

On holiday until after New Year.






From: Thanit Pewnim :      thanit-at-su.ac.th
Date: Fri, 26 Dec 1997 10:10:26 -0700 (GMT)
Subject: SEM: Please help on protocol for preparing red blood cells

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Dear Microscopists:

I will greatly appreciate if you would be able to give me a
detailed protocol on how to prepare red blood cells ( I am working on fish
rbc) for viewing under an SEM. Also, would it be possible to analyze for
Fe using EDX.

Thank you very much. May I wish you all a Very Happy New Year.

Thanit Pewnim

%----------------------------------------------------------------------%
Thanit Pewnim, Department of Chemistry, Silpakorn University
Nakornpathom 73000, THAILAND } } } } } Phone +66 34 255797
Fax +66 34 255820, Internet thanit-at-kanate.su.ac.th
%----------------------------------------------------------------------%





From: Keith Ryan :      KPR-at-wpo.nerc.ac.uk
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 09:29:23 +0000
Subject: Safety using microscopes

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Microscopy Listers

I have been tasked with coming up with something about using light microscopes without harming yourself! Not so funny, according to two of our
now-retired staff who counted plankton etc. for 20+ years. They both suffered neck/shoulder/back pain which eased after retirement.

In the UK we have a specific, detailed set of Regulations concerning computer use, another unspecific set covers all workstations e.g. supermarket
checkouts. A lot of the computer Regs. might be transferred to microscope set-ups.

I'd appreciate any info, anything to avoid re-inventing the wheel!

Season's Greetings

Keith Ryan
Plymouth Marine Lab., UK




From: nigel.chaffey-at-genfys.slu.se (Nigel Chaffey)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 09:04:25 +0200
Subject: CO-VISUALISATION OF CELLULOSE AND CYTOSKELETON

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Fellow Microscopists,

Thank you all for the replies to my query re co-visualisation of
cellulose and cytoskeleton. I hope to be able to report back on the
success (or otherwise) of my experiments in this area to those who
requested feedback some time next year (microscope down time/holiday/trip
to UK/getting hold of reagents-permitting).

In the meantime God Jul to you all,

With best wishes,

Nigel Chaffey

-----------------------------------------------------
Dr Nigel Chaffey,
Dept Forest Genetics & Plant Physiology,
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,
S-901 83 Ume=E5,
Sweden
Phone: +46-90-786-6305
=46ax: +46-90-786-5901
eMail: nigel.chaffey-at-genfys.slu.se

Looking for another job/position/post...






From: Rick Felten :      rfelten-at-Macdermid.com
Date: Monday, December 15, 1997 10:10 PM
Subject: Batch Printing of Images

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We print image series as catalogs using Thumbs Plus (www.cerious.com) it
will print the images, as well as headers etc with 2 plus images/page
Simon

-----Original Message-----





From: Nestor J. Zaluzec :      zaluzec-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 19:26:16 -0600
Subject: Microscopy & Microanalysis '98 : Call for Papers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Colleagues...

I have just learned that there has been a delay in
the distribution of the

Call for Papers and Advanced Registration
for the
Microscopy & Microanalysis '98 Meeting
in Atlanta, Ga
July 12-16

due to a delay at the printers.

It is expected that they will be mailed during the
week of Dec. 15th.

In order to avoid having to reply to repeated
questions which have started to flow in my direction
I have taken the liberty of posting this Email message
to both the MSA Membership as well as the
Microscopy Listserver Databases.

As additional information becomes available I will
make sure that the M&M'98 WWW pages are updated.
These WWW pages are directly accessible from the URL

http://www.msa.microscopy.com

Regards......

Nestor
Your Friendly Neighborhood SysOp.







From: b436707-at-mailserv.cuhk.edu.hk
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 15:50:17 +0000
Subject: Minolta RD-175 for fluorescence microphotography?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone know whether the Minolta RD-175 digital camera is
suitable for capturing images of biological specimens viewed with a
fluorescence microscope? As I understood, this camera has an
equivalent film speed sensitivity of ISO 800, which supposingly
should be fast enough to capture dim fluorescent images.

Eric Cho
Dept Anatomy
The Chinese University of Hong Kong




From: Robert H. Olley :      R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 1997 15:30:50 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: OM: Confocal and Polymers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Could anybody please let me know of any good uses for Confocal Microscopy
in the field of polymers?

This is partly to do with a "can I play with your new toy" request -
microscopes are much more fun than Mattel !

+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Robert H.Olley Phone: |
| J.J.Thomson Physical Laboratory {direct line +44 (0) 118 9318572 |
| University of Reading {University internal extension 7867 |
| Whiteknights Fax +44 (0) 118 9750203 |
| Reading RG6 6AF Email: R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk |
| England URL: http://www.reading.ac.uk/~spsolley |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+





From: Heinz Fehrenbach :      hefeh-at-Rcs1.urz.tu-dresden.de
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 08:55:05 +0100
Subject: Immuno-Microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello,

can anyone of this newsgroup give me information about and subscription
procedure to any related newsgroup ? In particular, I would appreciate
to hear whether there is a special newsgroup discussing immuno-histology,
-fluorescence, -blotting, and pathology subjects.

Thank you very much.

With kind regards,

Heinz

***********************************************************************
Dr. Heinz Fehrenbach
Institute of Pathology
University Clinics "Carl Gustav Carus"
Technical University of Dresden

Fetscherstr. 74 Phone: ++49-351-458-5277
D-01307 Dresden Fax: ++49-351-458-4328
Germany e-mail: hefeh-at-rcs.urz.tu-dresden.de
***********************************************************************






From: Jim Darley :      jim-at-proscitech.com.au
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 15:04:17 +1100
Subject: Re: Cooling Water Problems

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Hans:
Pump through the system a vinegar solution for an hour or two. If its hot
its much more effective but its a bit pungent on the lungs. A bucket can
serve to insert the suction and return lines a small pump is obviously
required. Call me if you have any related troubles.
Cheers
Jim Darley

ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
Phone +61 77 740 370 Fax: +61 77 892 313
Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
************************ http://www.proscitech.com.au

----------
} From: H.BRINKIES {hbrinkies-at-lucy.cc.swin.edu.au}
} To: microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
} Subject: Cooling Water Problems
} Date: Wednesday, 10 December 1997 22:01
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Hello out there.
}
} I am still using an old ETEC Autoscan (SEM, vintage 1973). It is
} still working well after more than 12 000 hrs of usage and usually we
} get the results that we want.
}
} However, a calcium containing deposit has been forming
} in the cooling water supply (in Cu tubes, in cooling coils around
} diff.pump, in heat sinks, ect). The microscope was donated to us
} several years ago but was not connected for the last 18 months
} to the recirculating water system in our laboratory ( we are using
} filtered tap water). The water flow has now been reduced drastically
} over the last few weeks and I fear that the 'pipes' may eventually
} totally block up.
}
} What is the best (and safe) way to reduce or remove this deposit.
} Back-flashing was only partially successful.
}
} Any suggestion ?
}
} Thank You
}
} Hans Brinkies
} SWINBURNE, University of Technology
} School of Engineering and Science
} Electron Microscopy Laboratory
} HAWTHORN, 3122, Australia




From: CORLB-at-cliffy.polaroid.com (R-Brooks Corl)
Date: 12/5/97 2:53 PM
Subject: Re: Re[2]: digital camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

PDC-2000 is a fine hand-held digital camera but does not have a way to
adapt for the microscope. Amont other things there are internal
optics that don't cooperate well with the microscope optics. It also
could do some macro work with close-up lenses, but that is not
optically the best imaging system.

DMC, while using the same Polaroid designed sensor chip as PDC-2000,
otherwise is designed and built specifically for microscopy. Its
C-mount thread (no optics) allows easy mounting on almost any
microscope using standard C-mount adapters, and also can accept many
"C-mount" threaded macro lenses for use on the copystand.


______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

On Fri, 5 Dec 1997, R-Brooks Corl wrote:

} Have you seen/tried the Polaroid DMC? It connects to the microscope
} via standard C-mount (no lens on the camera, just C-mount thread),
} creates a TIFF file into your computer at 1600x1200 or 800x600 pixel
} resolution, and converts quickly and easily for macro work on your
} copy stand by adding C-mount macro lens. List price under $6K.
} Details on the Polaroid website at http:\\www.polaroid.com

How does this differ from the PDC-2000/T which, I believe, is much
cheaper?

Kal






From: Garber, Charles A. :      cgarber-at-2spi.com
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 97 01:03:34 -0500
Subject: Lifetime of a diamond knife

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Message-Id: {199712100541.AAA28126-at-ns1.axs2000.net}
To: MICROSCOPY BB {Microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com}

-- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --

Diane M. Smith wrote:
======================================================
Can anyone tell me about how often a diamond knife needs to be sharpened? I
realize it would depend on the amount of wear it gets. Our EM dept. is only
open three days a week, with cutting being done about 2-4hrs a week. Our
knife was sharpened six months ago and seems to be getting dull again. Is
this to be expected?
======================================================
The answer to this question is about as elusive as predicting which way the
Dow Jones average will close tomorrow!

But seriously, there are the "ten commandments" for a diamond knife to enjoy
a long life, the most important ones being as follows:

1] Because of the extreme sharpness of a diamond knife edge, it should not
be touched even for cleaning with any solid object. This is "controversial"
since some manufacturers actually "recommend" that the edges be cleaned with
sticks of varying types. We ourselves believe such treatment accellerates
the wearing out of a diamond knife.

2] Don't let sections or the remains of sections or other debris end up
drying down onto the knife edge. Keep the knife edge "wet" until it is
ready for cleaning before being put to bed for the night.

3] Use a diamond knife cleaner sold by several firms (including ours)
specifically for this purpose. Some typical laboratory ultrasonic cleaners
can have enough power to be damaging to a knife.

4] Wash the knife edge one last time with distilled water and then dry with
some kind of "blast" such as from a clean "duster".

5] Avoid conditions of "chatter" at all times. Reduce chatter by varying
the clearance angle or slowing the cutting speed. Other common causes of
chatter are insufficient tightening of the boat in the microtome, an
insufficiently tightened block, or an incompletely cured block.

6] Final block trimming with a razor blade can leave metal particles from
the blade which are of course damaging to the knife edge. This can be
minimized by using a fresh razor blade each time. Then washing the end of
the freshly cut block face with distilled water, followed by a drying with a
"duster" blast is the final step before the first cut with the knife. This
is a final chance to wash away metal particles that could damage the knife
edge.


OK, there are other considerations but these are the most important. They
are independent on the knife manufacturer, the type of diamond knife, length
of cutting edge, nature of the samples being cut, even the price paid.

Diamond knives in an EM lab have lifetimes that are predictable like a set
of tires. It depends on what kind of road you drive on, how you do your
driving, not to mention the beginning quality of the product itself. We run
some samples in our own laboratory that wear out a new materials science
diamond knife in a week, and we run others, e.g. soft tissue samples, that
are cut with a life science diamond knife that will last, in comparision,
almost forever. You can't do anything about the deck of cards you have been
dealt in terms of the kinds of samples you have to cut, but once having
determined that, you surely can do things, under your control that can make
a big difference in terms of how long your own knife will or will not last
in your own environment.

Disclaimer: SPI Supplies offers a full line of diamond knives for EM and LM
. Actually we have a vested interest in having knives wear out faster
rather than slower. Our favorite customers are those who mistreat their
diamond knives and come back sooner for resharpenings or replacements.

Chuck

===================================================
Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com


Look for us!
############################
WWW: http://www.2spi.com
############################
==================================================











From: focus98-at-emu.usyd.edu.au (Focus on Microscopy)
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 16:31:18 +1000
Subject: Focus on Microscopy 1998

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Meeting announcement - Focus on Microscopy 1998
Full details below - best viewed in a monospaced font.

For a classier view see our web page created by Pal Fekete
http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/physopt/fm98

Online registration will be available on the web page soon but
you can also get a form (and any further details) by email from
focus98-at-emu.usyd.edu.au


Focus on Microscopy 1998
11th International Conference on 3D Image Processing in Microscopy
10th International Conference on Confocal Microscopy

April 14th-17th, 1998

University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Australian Key Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis
Royal Microscopical Society (UK)
Image Analysis Society of Australia

International Committee
Prof. Colin Sheppard, University of Sydney
Prof. G.J. Brakenhoff, University of Amsterdam
Prof. Tony Wilson, University of Oxford
Dr. Vyvyan Howard, University of Liverpool
Dr. Andres Kriete, Liebig University, Giessen
Prof. P-C. Cheng, SUNY at Buffalo
Prof. Alan Boyde, University of London
Dr. Guy Cox, University of Sydney
Prof. S. Kawata, Osaka University

Organising Committee
Prof. Colin Sheppard, University of Sydney
Dr. Guy Cox, University of Sydney
Ms. Carol Cogswell, University of Sydney
Dr. Pal Fekete, University of Sydney
Dr. Min Gu, Victoria University
Dr. Allan Jones, University of Sydney
Ms. Eleanor Kable, University of Sydney


Introducing Sydney

Sydney, Australia's largest city, is also one of the world's most beautiful
cities, built around the spectacular natural harbour which provided the
site for the first European settlement of the Australian continent. It
prides itself on its cultural diversity, offering a rich mix of European,
Asian and indigenous Australian experiences alongside the uniquely
Australian culture which has developed in the 200 years since the First
Fleet landed in Sydney Cove.

The University of Sydney is the oldest in the country, established as part
of the great English 19th century tradition of liberal enlightenment but
unashamedly modelled architecturally on the Oxbridge pattern. It has
retained both its prestige and its central location although its site has
expanded greatly over the years, now accommodating more than 20,000
students. The Australian Key Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis
(AKCMM) at the University of Sydney, which is hosting the Conference this
year, is the largest centre for microscopy in the Southern Hemisphere,
offering a wide range of optical and electron microscope facilities both to
the University and the wider community.

April is autumn (fall) in Sydney. The weather will be mild average
temperature for the month is 19 C (68 F). Sydney has both a lot of sun and
a high rainfall - rain can fall in any month so bring a waterproof. The
ocean will be warm and very pleasant for swimming and surfing.


Scientific Programme - 15-17 April

The scientific programme will consist of poster and spoken sessions.
Posters (1m x 1m) and contributed talks (15min) are invited on any of the
Conference topics:

* Advances in confocal microscopy
* Applications of confocal microscopy
* 3-dimensional optical imaging
* 3-D techniques in electron microscopy
* Other 3D imaging techniques
* Novel techniques in microscopy
* Near-field microscopy
* Multiple-photon microscopy
* Multiple-dimensional image processing
* Applications of image analysis


Short Courses & Workshops - 14th April

The following half-day short courses and workshops will be offered, subject
to both maximum and minimum numbers of participants. All are led by
internationally recognized experts in their respective fields. The cost is
$75 (Aust) per half-day course.

Morning
* Multiphoton microscopy
* Introductory confocal microscopy
* Deconvolution of 3D images
* Stereology

Afternoon
* Introduction to image processing
* Advanced confocal microscopy
* Introduction to digital imaging
* 3D image processing & visualization


Social Programme

These events are included in the cost of full and accompanying member
registration. A limited number of additional tickets will be available.

* Tuesday 14th April, 6pm. Welcome reception, exhibition area. Drinks and
simple snacks - an opportunity to meet old friends and to get to know
fellow delegates before the start of the formal business of the conference.
* Thursday 16th April, 7pm. Conference Barbecue Dinner. An informal
evening on an island in one of the most beautiful parts of Sydney Harbour.

Morning coffee, a light lunch, and afternoon tea are provided each day.
(For workshop registrants only on the 14th).


Abstracts

Extended abstracts, up to one A4 page in length, will be published in a
conference volume issued free to all delegates. Additional copies will be
available for sale. Micrographs and other illustrations (monochrome only)
are welcomed but must fit within the one page.

Manuscripts will be edited for format only. To simplify the editors' task
please follow these simple guidelines:
* Title in upper and lower case.
* Authors' names with initials first, presenting author in upper case.
* Full address and affiliation of all authors.
* Text in a 12pt font.
* References cited by name and date, not number.
* References at end - do not include titles. All authors (initials
first), then year, then journal citation.

All text must be submitted electronically, either as plain text, RTF or in
the format of a PC or Macintosh word processor. MS Word, Word Perfect,
Wordstar, MS Works, Claris Works, Write are all on site and most other
formats can be converted. Postscript files and TeX are not acceptable.
Illustrations should not be included within the word processor file; they
should be submitted either as separate files in any common format (not
postscript or eps) or as hard copy.

Send files :
* by email to focus98-at-emu.usyd.edu.au
* by anonymous ftp to ftp.emu.usyd.edu.au (directory \focus98)
ftp://ftp.emu.usyd.edu.au/focus98)
* on a floppy disk to the conference address, below.

Abstracts must be received by 31st January 1998 if they are to appear in
the published volume.


Conference Details

Conference sessions and a comprehensive manufacturers' exhibition will take
place in the Wentworth Building, levels 4 & 5. Some workshops will be held
in the AKCMM, Madsen Building. A footbridge across City Road provides
quick access between these buildings.

A discounted early registration fee applies to all registrations received
and paid by 31st January 1997. All prices given are in Australian dollars
- one Australian dollar is approximately 70c US.

Early Regular
Full registration $ 425 $ 475
Student registration $ 250 $ 300
Day registration $ 175 $ 175
Accompanying person $ 175 $ 175

Full registration covers conference volume, admission to all scientific
sessions, welcome reception, conference dinner, morning and afternoon tea,
and lunch.

Student registration includes all the above except the conference dinner.

Day registration covers conference volume, admission to scientific
sessions, morning and afternoon tea, and lunch on any one day.

Accompanying person's registration includes welcome reception, two
half-day tours and the conference dinner

Accommodation is available at St John's College, on the University campus,
for $60 per night including breakfast (single room, shared bathroom). For
those who prefer a hotel, Camperdown Travelodge is $125 per night (single
occupancy) or $135 (dual occupancy) including breakfast. These are
specially discounted rates - to obtain them you must book through the
conference.
The taxi fare from the airport to Wentworth Building, St. John's College or
the Travelodge is about $10.

Focus on Microscopy '98,
Australian Key Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, F09,
University of Sydney, NSW 2006,
Australia.

Phone: +61 2 9351 3178
Fax: + 61 2 9351 7682
Email: focus98-at-emu.usyd.edu.au
http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/physopt/fm98

Focus on Microscopy 1998

\ /
\ 1 99 99 88 /
\ 11 9 9 9 9 8 8 /
----} 1 MICROSCOPY 88 {----
/ 1 9 9 8 8 \
/ 1 9 9 88 \
/ \


Australian Key Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis
F09, University of Sydney
NSW 2006, Australia

Phone: +61 2 9351 3176
Fax: +61 2 9351 7682

http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/physopt/fm98






From: adavis-at-netpci.com
Date: Sat, 27 Dec 1997 10:30:40 +1000
Subject: Dehydration: alternatives to Absolute EtOH?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

What are some alternatives to Absolute EtOH for drying specimens for
embeddment? Absolute alcohol is hard to come by. Can someone recommend a
more common substance?

I have been thinking of Acetone. My specimens will be fragile: coral
tissues, sponges, worms, etc. I'd like to find something fast and good,
cheap and easy.

Alan Davis
--

"I consider that the golden rule requires Alan E. Davis
that if I like a program I must share it adavis-at-netpci.com
with other people who like it" Marianas High School
AAA196, Box 10001
---Richard Stallman Saipan, MP 96950
Northern Mariana Islands
GMT+10




From: rw9-at-psu.edu (Rosemary A. Walsh)
Date: Sat, 27 Dec 1997 13:52:12 -0500
Subject: Re: Chemicals for Drying SEM Samples

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Yuhui Xu,
Try --- 100% hexamethyldisilizane 9 (3 x 5min)
following the final dehydration in 100% ethanol.
Rosemary






From: kroez-at-patho.vetmed.uni-muenchen.de (Monika Kroez)
Date: Mon, 29 Dec 1997 10:58:25 +0100
Subject: introduction

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi there,

I would like to introduce myself as a new participant at this mailing
list. I am a veterinarian (*1967) working at the Institute of
Veterinary Pathology in Munich, Germany. My predominant field of
research is ultrastructural enzyme- and immuno-histochemistry.

Therefore, I would like to arouse a discussion on this very topic-
TEM-histochemistry, preferably post-embedding. Is there anybody out
there still doing enzyme histochemistry?

Looking forward to a vivid exchange of opinions...

Monika Kroez




From: kroez-at-patho.vetmed.uni-muenchen.de (Monika Kroez)
Date: Mon, 29 Dec 1997 10:58:25 +0100
Subject: introduction

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi there,

I would like to introduce myself as a new participant at this mailing
list. I am a veterinarian (*1967) working at the Institute of
Veterinary Pathology in Munich, Germany. My predominant field of
research is ultrastructural enzyme- and immuno-histochemistry.

Therefore, I would like to arouse a discussion on this very topic-
TEM-histochemistry, preferably post-embedding. Is there anybody out
there still doing enzyme histochemistry?

Looking forward to a vivid exchange of opinions...

Monika Kroez




From: Robert H. Olley :      R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk
Date: Mon, 29 Dec 1997 11:53:06 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: Re: Dehydration: alternatives to Absolute EtOH?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


On Sat, 27 Dec 1997 adavis-at-netpci.com wrote:

}
} What are some alternatives to Absolute EtOH for drying specimens for
} embeddment? Absolute alcohol is hard to come by. Can someone recommend a
} more common substance?
}

Isopropanol (or Propan-2-ol, as we are told to call it these days) in many
ways behaves similarly to ethanol. It is somewhat more viscous and less
volatile, but not overwhelmingly so. Moreover, it is miscible with water
and should be usable for dehydrating in stages of increasing alcohol
concentration.

Acteone is somewhat fiercer, might go for lipids, and when it evaporates
tends to chill the specimen and pull condensation out of the air.


+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Robert H.Olley Phone: |
| J.J.Thomson Physical Laboratory {direct line +44 (0) 118 9318572 |
| University of Reading {University internal extension 7867 |
| Whiteknights Fax +44 (0) 118 9750203 |
| Reading RG6 6AF Email: R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk |
| England URL: http://www.reading.ac.uk/~spsolley |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+





From: Woody.N.White-at-mcdermott.com
Date: 12/22/97 11:24 AM
Subject: analysis for mercury

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Have not personally "looked" at metallic mercury, but have heard
tales of woe from some who have tried. Mercury vapor in the sem is
very bad. Will set-up a nice mercury vapor discharge lamp,
disrupting everything. I have, however, examined small specimens
of old amalgam without problems. You must keep the Hg from
vaporizing!!!

Woody White



______________________________ Reply Separator
_________________________________


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

Seasons Greetings to all!!

For those of us left working this close to Christmas, we are looking at a
contaminant that appears to be mercury but are concerned about the potential

hazard to both man (and woman) and machine. Are there any brave souls that
have looked at mercury using a cryo system and is it relatively safe and
non-destructive?? We would also like to get sample particle sizes and other

potential elements present.

Any input is greatly appreciated.

TIA

Wayne England
wengland-at-ortech.on.ca




From: dpurdy-at-capitalnet.com
Date: Mon, 29 Dec 1997 14:42:28 -0500
Subject: New Subscriber

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Hello,

As a new subscriber to this group, I offer the following as a brief
introduction.

My interest lie in the general area of forensic science - specifically
forensic document examination. While most of my work involves optical
microscopy in one form or another, I have also used SEM and CLSM to examine
physical evidence in the form of "documents".

I look forward to receiving your postings.

Regards,


Dan Purdy
Ottawa, Ontario
Canada




From: kroez-at-patho.vetmed.uni-muenchen.de (Monika Kroez)
Date: Tue, 30 Dec 1997 10:15:46 +0100
Subject: Re: Dehydration: alternatives to Absolute EtOH?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Dear Alan Davis,

for dehydration we use either a graded series of ethanol OR acetone.
This works very well, even on delicate tissues like e.g. bone marrow.
You can also use propylene-glycol as the last step of dehydration,
after absolute ethanol or acetone.

Yet, I'm not sure how this will work on worms. There you have the thick
rigid outer shell which might impair fixation and dehydration. Have a
try...


Good luck and a happy new year,

monika Kroez




From: MICHAEL DELANNOY :      delannoy-at-welchlink.welch.jhu.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Dec 1997 14:46:41 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Micromanipulator company

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello,
Does anyone know of a company that makes a simple
micromanipulator (for making yeast tetrads) thats fitted to
a Zeiss and Nikon microscopes. The original makers-Allan
Benjamin Co. can not be found. Thanks.

Michael D.





From: RCHIOVETTI :      RCHIOVETTI-at-aol.com
Date: Tue, 30 Dec 1997 22:31:25 EST
Subject: Re: Micromanipulator company

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Michael,

Two vendors come to mind for micromanipulators: Leica makes excellent
mechanical micromanipulators (www.leica.com), and Narishige manufactures
hydraulic micromanipulators (www.narishige.co.jp). Most of these can either
be placed on the microscope or put on self-supporting riser blocks that allow
the needles to be brought onto the stage of the microscope.

Best regards,
Bob Chiovetti
*********************************
Robert (Bob) Chiovetti
E. Licht Company / 1-800-865-4248
rchiovetti-at-aol.com

*********************************
Leica (Wild, Leitz, Bausch&Lomb, Cambridge, AO, Reichert-Jung) / Technical
Instrument Company / American Volpi / Fostek / Stocker and Yale / AEI North
America / OptiQuip / Dolan-Jenner / Osram / G.E. / Philips / Ushio / Boeckler
Instruments / Heidenhain / Narishige / Colorado Video / Kinetic Systems /
Pryor Scientific / Compumotor / Sutter Instrument Co. / Advanced Database
Systems / Cohu / Javeline Electronics / Optronics / Diagnostic Instruments,
Inc. / Dage MTI / Hitachi / Panasonic / Polaroid / Kodak / Mitsubishi / Sony




From: Edris2 :      Edris2-at-aol.com
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 1997 05:32:40 EST
Subject: Videomicroscopy and In-situ crystal growth

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

"Microscopy-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com

My interests is in observing organic crystal growth via an optical microscope
with a video/photo attachment . I would also like to study the
crystallization on-line via an X-ray diffractometer. I am not after single
crystals ; but a `population of crystals'.

Can anyone provide information on:
-1- LINCAM - UK (manufacturer of thermomicroscopes) ;
-2- in-situ crystal growth `cells' for microscopes/XRD ??

... appreciate your help.
Thanks




From: Shea Miller :      MILLERS-at-em.agr.ca
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 1997 08:55:47 -0500
Subject: lignin in cell walls

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Season's Greetings!
I have been asked to try to see differences in lignification in cell walls
of grasses and legumes to see if it correlates with differences in
expression of peroxidase. The peroxidase differences are a piece of
cake to spot, but I've been having trouble with the lignin... I've tried
several different protocols using phloroglucinol, but can't seem to get
very intense or very consistent staining. Does anyone out there have a
tried-and-true method that they are willing to share? Is there something
better than phloroglucinol that I should be trying (I know it's an oldie, but
seems to be standard??)
thanks in advance for your help
and all the best in 98!

cheers
shea

Dr. S. Shea Miller
Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada
Eastern Cereal & Oilseed Research Centre
Rm 2068, Bldg 20, CEF
Ottawa, Ontario
Canada K1A 0C6
Phone: (613)759-1760
Fax: (613)759-1701
e-mail: millers-at-em.agr.ca




From: Robert J. Palmer Jr. :      rjpalmer-at-utkux.utcc.utk.edu
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 1997 09:23:24 +1000
Subject: lignin in cell walls

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

How about a discussion on the two most important aspects of confocal
microscopy as they pertain to BIOLOGICAL Raman microspectroscopy:
lenses/pinholes and specimen prep.
All turnkey systems I've heard about seem to be built around high-dry
lenses (e.g., 100x, NA 0.9) and incorporate fixed-diameter pinholes (if
they even have more than one size!). Company scientists by-and-large start
to stutter and hand-wave when I mention water-immersion lenses (either
"dipping" lenses or true water-as-immersion-medium types). I've seen only
one BIOLOGICAL Raman paper in which the lens is mentioned; it was reported
to be a Zeiss 100x, 1.2 NA water-immersion. Is anyone familiar with this
lens? My sense would dictate that, if I wanted to examine hydrated
biological preps of any thickness whatsoever, I would be doing myself a
favor by sticking with a water-immersion lens of some type, or am I missing
something here?
The above comments are complicated by sample prep. To coverslip or not to
coverslip, that is the question. If I would like to use the true high res
water-immersion lenses, then a coverslip is required - oui, non? But
doesn't this create problems with RI mismatch and thereby throw off what is
already a pretty finicky measurement? Dipping lenses would seem to be the
way to go here, but we need high NA and also high mag....
And what about the pinhole - I think only one turnkey device has a variable
pinhole. Others have fixed pinhole(s) that, as far as I can ascertain from
speaking with company scientists, have little or no relationship to the
lens (?).
I'd like to hear from people doing this sort of work.
Rob Palmer
CEB/UT






From: Garry Burgess :      GBurgess-at-exchange.hsc.mb.ca
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 1997 14:22:03 -0600
Subject: Critical Point Drying

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I have a theory question about Critical Point Drying that has been
bothering me. I know that the specimen is placed in a "bomb", and then
transition fluid replaces the dehydrating fluid in the specimen, and the
temperature is raised to the critical point, which in turn raises the
critical pressure in the bomb, so that the specimen is in a sense
immersed in a dense vapor phase devoid of liquid air/interface, and the
vapor is slowly released until the vessel is at atmospheric pressure.
But with the drop in pressure, even though it is slow, below the
critical pressure for that transition fluid, why doesn't this
precipitate a condensation of the vapor back to a liquid????

Is the temperature slowly increased beyond the critical temperature, to
correspond to a new critical temp. for the lower pressure?

For the veterans, I'm sorry to bug them with elementary questions like
this, but I can't find the answer in any book.

Garry




From: Ron Kalil :      rekalil-at-facstaff.wisc.edu
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 1997 15:51:19 -0600
Subject: New Diamond Knife For Sale

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

FOR SALE: Brand New 6.2 mm Dupont diamond knife. Never used. Current retail
for a knife of this length is approximately $6000+. I would like to sell
the knife for $2500 or best offer.
Ron Kalil




From: oshel-at-ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (Philip Oshel)
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 1997 16:30:01 -0600
Subject: Re: Critical Point Drying

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} I have a theory question about Critical Point Drying that has been
} bothering me. I know that the specimen is placed in a "bomb", and then
} transition fluid replaces the dehydrating fluid in the specimen, and the
} temperature is raised to the critical point, which in turn raises the
} critical pressure in the bomb, so that the specimen is in a sense
} immersed in a dense vapor phase devoid of liquid air/interface, and the
} vapor is slowly released until the vessel is at atmospheric pressure.
} But with the drop in pressure, even though it is slow, below the
} critical pressure for that transition fluid, why doesn't this
} precipitate a condensation of the vapor back to a liquid????
}
} Is the temperature slowly increased beyond the critical temperature, to
} correspond to a new critical temp. for the lower pressure?
}
Garry,

Basically, yes. The pressure and temperature are both raised (as you say,
the pressure is increased by raising the temperature). After the critical
point is passed, the pressure is released *while maintaining the elevated
temperature*. This means that as the pressure is lowered the CO2 is
maintained in the vapor phase. Pressure *must* be released slowly both to
prevent the specimen from exploding (in quotes, if you like), and to
prevent the pressure drop from lowering the temperature and thus
precipitating vapor condensation back to a liquid. Usually this is around
35-40 deg. C. Higher than needed to provide a safety margin.

The CO2 could be moved through the liquid-vapor transition simply by
raising the temperature above its critical value, but this would mean
surface tension at the liquid-vapor interface, with all the problems that
implies. So the CO2 is moved through the critical point at which there is
no distinction between liquid and vapor, and so there's no interface. The
vapor phase is retained by keeping the temperature elevated above the
critical temperture. There is no "new" critical temperature, just the same
one, but CPD makes an end run around the interface problem by raising the
pressure at the same time as the temperature, keeping the CO2 liquid until
the critical point is reached.

My biggest problem with CPD is what exactly happens to the specimen with
the increase and decrease in pressure? Supposedly nothing, if this is done
slowly enough, but I don't believe it. Things may look OK, but what really
happens?

Phil

} For the veterans, I'm sorry to bug them with elementary questions like
} this, but I can't find the answer in any book.
}
} Garry

Bother us. I find it very useful to think about things I supposedly learned
(mumbletymumble) years ago. Besides, someone else likely has a better
explanation, and this gives me a chance to read it.

Phil

}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{

Philip Oshel
PO Box 5037
Station A
Champaign, IL 61825-5037
(217) 355-1143
oshel-at-ux1.cso.uiuc.edu
or poshel-at-hotmail.com
***** looking for a job *****







From: momiller-at-ccia.com
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 1997 22:10:57 -0500
Subject: metallography CoPt

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone have experience with preparation of CoPt(20%Pt) for SEM and EBSD.
Brand new material for me and aqua regia so far doesnt seem to be the right
approach.Any suggestions would be appreciated.
Thanks
Allen Miller

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%
Patty Miller
Stained Panes
momiller-at-ccia.com





From: Larry Stoter :      LPS-at-teknesis.demon.co.uk
Date: Thu, 1 Jan 1998 10:03:43 +0000
Subject: Re: Critical Point Drying

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} I have a theory question about Critical Point Drying that has been
} bothering me. I know that the specimen is placed in a "bomb", and then
} transition fluid replaces the dehydrating fluid in the specimen, and the
} temperature is raised to the critical point, which in turn raises the
} critical pressure in the bomb, so that the specimen is in a sense
} immersed in a dense vapor phase devoid of liquid air/interface, and the
} vapor is slowly released until the vessel is at atmospheric pressure.
} But with the drop in pressure, even though it is slow, below the
} critical pressure for that transition fluid, why doesn't this
} precipitate a condensation of the vapor back to a liquid????
}
} Is the temperature slowly increased beyond the critical temperature, to
} correspond to a new critical temp. for the lower pressure?

} For the veterans, I'm sorry to bug them with elementary questions like
} this, but I can't find the answer in any book.
}
} Garry

Yes - the temperature of the whole system is kept sufficiently high so that
as the pressure drops, it doesn't pass through the vapour/liquid transition
again.

Temp | Vapour
|
| ______ {_____________________ {___
| | /Critical Point |
| | / ^
| | / |
| V / |
| | / |
| | / ^
| / |
| / |
| /_____} ______} ___________} ___|
| / Liquid
| /
|____/__________________________________

Pressure

So the system is taken in a loop around the critical point, as
illustrated:) This also highlights a minor problem that you may run into in
some labs - if the ambient lab temperature is too high, the CO2 is always a
vapour, so the bomb may need cooling to start with, just to get liquid CO2.
This caused me some difficulties when installing a system in Jakarta at the
beginning of the year!

Regards,

--
Larry Stoter
17, Rocks Park Road, Uckfield, E. Sussex, TN22 2AT, UK
email: LPS-at-teknesis.demon.co.uk
Phone/Fax: +44 (0)1825 767967






MicroscopyListserver Archive Email Extraction Software Version NJZ07060908

Return to Microscopy Listserver Home Page


Return to MSA HomePage