Microscopy ListServer Archives  


File Requested = 9806.txt
Retrival Software Version=NJZ07060908

From: Diana van Driel :      dianavd-at-eye.usyd.edu.au
Date: Mon, 1 Jun 1998 09:53:53 +1000
Subject: re: "fixation" of mold in books

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This was discussed in the Safety newsgroup quite some time ago - perhaps
early last year. There were a lot of ideas put forward from professionals
in the book business. Their archives are at

http://siri.org/mail and at http://list.uvm.edu/archives/safety.html

If you can't find the discussion and would like info on subscribing, let me
know. Diana.

Diana van Driel
Department of Clinical Ophthalmology
Sydney University
GPO Box 4337
Sydney NSW
AUSTRALIA 2001

Phone 61 2 938 27276/27395
Mob 019 165 606
Fax 61 2 938 27318






From: Brian.Grills :      Brian.Grills-at-latrobe.edu.au
Date: Mon, 1 Jun 1998 13:52:33 +1100
Subject: LR White/Gold sections

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Is it possible to deplasticize LR White or LR Gold thick sections on glass
slides?
If it is possible, would someone please relay me the procedure.

Thanks

Brian Grills PhD

Department of Human Physiology and Anatomy
School of Human Biosciences
La Trobe University
Bundoora 3083
Victoria
Australia

Ph. 61 3 9479 5705
Fax 61 3 9479 5784






From: Peter Earl :      petere-at-pathcom.com
Date: Mon, 1 Jun 1998 07:46:15 -0500
Subject: Moscow University

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Anybody out there who can tell me the email address of the University of
Moscow, Russia.
Dept of Electron optics or maybe physics.
Any assistance appreciated
Peter Earl
Toronto,Canada






From: Gillmeister,Russ :      Russ_Gillmeister-at-wb.xerox.com
Date: Friday, May 29, 1998 1:50AM
Subject: Carbon and SiO2 coating thickness

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Just a quick note on gold, carbon thickness monitors. The gold can be=
=20
deposited on the smooth side of Aluminum foil or we use 3-4 mil smoo=
th=20
thin sheet for stiffness. It can then be cut to a convenient size ea=
sily.
----------
=46rom: philippe.buffat-at-epfl.ch
To: microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com; daniele.Laub-at-epfl.ch; =20
fabienne.bobard-at-epfl.ch; gaston.peter-at-epfl.ch; Bernard.Garoni-at-epfl=
.ch

Steve Wintonick asked on the way to measure carbon film thickness wit=
hout
thickness monitor by interference colors on gold or polished
brass substrate.

I have a copy of a Balzers report that was given to the TEM users in =
the
mid 1960s: Electron Microscopical Specimen Preparation Techniques fro=
m S.
Bohler.
There are two tables for thickness estimation during coating with car=
bon
and SiO2:

Carbon on an evaporated gold film/test glass (thick enough to behave =
the
"gold color"):
approx 150=C5 is orange
approx 200=C5 is indigo-red
approx 240=C5 is blue
approx 350=C5 is blue-green
approx 430=C5 is green-silver

SiO2 on an evaporated chromium film/test glass gives a sharp color ch=
ange:
approx 1000=C5 purple
approx 1250=C5 blue

Of course, if you place your sample and the test glass at different
distances d and D from the source (of small diameter with respect to =
d and
D). the thicknesses will be in the ratio D^2/d^2.

Best regards

Philippe Buffat

__________________________________________________________________
Philippe Buffat
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Centre Interdepartemental de Microscopie Electronique
Address: EPFL-CIME, Batiment MX-C, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Phone: +41(21)693 29 83 Fax: +41(21)693 44 01 (Central European Time=
)
E-mail: philippe.buffat-at-epfl.ch, WWW URL http://cimewww.epfl.ch/
______________________________ Eudora F2.1 __________________________=
_







From: Hall, Ernest L (CRD) :      hallel-at-exc01crdge.crd.ge.com
Date: Mon, 1 Jun 1998 08:41:21 -0400
Subject: Microscopy and Microanalysis'98 Early Registration Deadline Near

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

*****************************************************************************

Microscopy and Microanalysis '98 Early Registration Deadline Nears!!


******************************************************************************


This is a reminder that the Early Registration Deadline for Microscopy and Microanalysis '98 is
approaching. This deadline has been extended to June 15, 1998, so be sure to get your registration
in by that date to save money! Registration forms are available in the Call for Papers, or on the
MSA Web site, www.MSA.Microscopy.com. Information on the Technical Program is also available on the
Web site. MSA members will also be receiving the Program Book and a Meeting Information Pamphlet in
the mail within the next week.

All indications from exhibit sales and early registration are that Microscopy and Microanalysis '98
will match or exceed the successes of M&M'96 (Minneapolis) and M&M'97 (Cleveland). Hotels in Atlanta
are filling up quickly, so be sure to also get your reservations in (hotel reservation forms are also
available in the Call for Papers, the Meeting Information Pamphlet, and the Web site).

For general information about the meeting, contact the Meeting Manager at 708-361-6000, or at
msa-at-tradeshownet.com

We look forward to seeing you in Atlanta!























From: Dr. Gernot Richter :      mdjt-clin-at-monmouth.com
Date: Mon, 1 Jun 1998 09:43:04 -0400
Subject: Subscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Please Subscribe

Thankyou




From: James Martin :      James.S.Martin-at-williams.edu
Date: Mon, 01 Jun 1998 11:51:16 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: large-chamber SEM needed

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


A colleague has asked me to inquire if any listmembers have an SEM that
will accommodate a small object about 3.5 inches thick (large Z
capability). The colleague works in the Kansas City area, but the object
can travel.

Thank you.

James Martin
Analytical Services and Research, Williamstown Art Conservation Center
Research Scientist, Williams College
tel: 413.458-5741
fax: 413.458-2314







From: frieder-at-physics.bell-labs.com (Frieder H. Baumann)
Date: Mon, 1 Jun 98 11:54:09 EDT
Subject: TEM TECHNICIAN in New Jersey?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear all,

The Silicon Electronics Research Lab at Bell Labs, Murray
Hill, New Jersey, is looking for a TEM technician. Our research
interest is in analytical and High Resolution TEM, mainly
of silicon based devices and structures.

In our lab, we have a JEOL 4000 EX and a Philips EM420, and will
soon purchase an FEG machine. In addition, we have a Micrion FIB.
For sample prep, we have the mainly Gatan equipment (Dual Mill, PIPS).

Recently, the TECHNICIAN who looked over the TEMs and the sample
preparation facilities retired. We would like to fill this
position again.

We are looking for a person who might be interested
in helping us running the TEMs and the sample preparation,
preferably someone who is able to do TEM specimen preparation and
some investigations on his own? (Or who would be willing
to learn.) The work would be rather technical than a
scientific ("more like tinkering with equipment").

Interested persons may reply by email to frieder-at-lucent.com.

Thanks,

Frieder Baumann
(frieder-at-lucent.com)




From: John F. Mansfield :      jfmjfm-at-engin.umich.edu
Date: Mon, 1 Jun 1998 11:59:14 -0400
Subject: TV Camera on JEOL4000EX

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi there,
a quick question, has anyone had any experience with mounting a Gatan 622
image intensified TV camera on to a JEOL 4000EX (or FX) that already has a
Gatan Imaging Filter installed? We have just installed the GIF and also
want to use a TV rate camera at lower mag. We dont really care if it has
to be mounted off axis or at a weird angle (we do need to get close enough
to the microscope to operate it!!). Thanks.

If no one has experience and/pr it is not possible, does anyone want to buy
our 622 TV camera?


Note new Area Code (734)

John Mansfield
North Campus Electron Microbeam Analysis Laboratory
417 SRB, University of Michigan
2455 Hayward, Ann Arbor MI 48109-2143
Phone: (734) 936-3352 FAX (734) 936-3352
Cellular Phone: (734) 715-2510
(Leaving a phone message at 936-3352 is preferable to 715-2510)
Email: jfmjfm-at-engin.umich.edu
URL: http://emalwww.engin.umich.edu/people/jfmjfm/jfmjfm.html
Location: Lat. 42=B0 16' 48" Long. 83=B0 43' 48"




From: Jim Darley :      jim-at-proscitech.com.au
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 1998 02:03:54 +1000
Subject: Re: Moscow University

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Go to our Links. Click on references and find international universities (or
use browser's search function for "international" or "Demello". That will
give you several homepages for Moscow universities.
Jim Darley

ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
Phone +61 7 4774 0370 Fax: +61 7 4789 2313
Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
**************************** www.proscitech.com.au *****

}
} Anybody out there who can tell me the email address of the University of
} Moscow, Russia.
} Dept of Electron optics or maybe physics.
} Any assistance appreciated
} Peter Earl
} Toronto,Canada
}
}
}





From: Robert G. Summers :      summers-at-confocalsgi.med.buffalo.edu
Date: Mon, 1 Jun 1998 14:45:46 -0400
Subject: Position Availability

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Please bring this technical position opening to the attention of your
colleagues. We will accept applications until the position is filled. Thanks!

Bob Summers
Director, Confocal Microscopy and 3D Imaging Laboratory
SUNY Buffalo
------------------------------------------

SENIOR RESEARCH SUPPORT SPECIALIST: IMAGING LABORATORY
State University of New York at Buffalo

DESCRIPTION OF DUTIES:
Manage the daily activities of a campus wide biological imaging resource and
associated satellite facilities operated by the School of Medicine and
Biomedical Sciences. General areas of usage of the laboratory relate to the
preparation of biological images for research, publication and instruction.
Duties include instruction of faculty, students and technical personnel in the
use of digital and analog imaging equipment including confocal microscopes,
molecular imagers and scanners, 35mm slide making equipment, video capture and
production equipment, photography equipment and printers. Must be familiar with
research standards and practices to maintain quality control and advise users
on appropriate protocols. Responsible for daily and long-term maintenance and
calibration of equipment. Must hire, train and supervise graduate assistants
and assign them to assist users of the imaging resource. Develops and manages
budget, maintains financial records of the laboratory and collects user fees
from users of the laboratory. Should work closely with Director and Faculty
Advisory Committee to establish needs, set priorities and develop policies
within the laboratory.

QUALIFICATIONS:
MS or MA in Biological Sciences. Research experience that includes microscopic
and macroscopic biological imaging, graphics illustration and photography.
Preparation of biological specimens for microscopy. Experience in use of
computer hardware to include Apple, PC and Unix platforms and operating
systems, scanners, imagers and digital microscopes. We desire experience with
computer software including PhotoShop, Corel Draw, Canvas, PowerPoint,
Persuasion, Desktop Publishing and Word Processing Programs. Experience in
installation of software and maintenance of computer hardware. Must have
experience with using computer networks. Personal skills should include
working with large number of researchers and/or educators to expeditiously
handle work requests and to attain customer satisfaction.

SALARY commensurate with qualifications. SUNY Buffalo is an EOAA Employer

FOR INFORMATION OR TO APPLY CONTACT: Dr. Robert G. Summers, 716.829.2911
(phone) or fax credentials to 716.829.2915 or email to:
summers-at-confocalsgi.med.buffalo.edu

DO NOT REPLY TO THE LIST!!!!!




From: Paulo Cesar Soares Junior :      ppcs-at-iris.ufscar.br
Date: Mon, 1 Jun 1998 16:45:00 -0200 (BDT)
Subject: Need help on diffraction patterns

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi there,

I'm looking for a software (freeware or shareware) for diffraction
patterns analysis.


Thanks !

********************************************
* Paulo C. Soares Jr. *
* LaMaV - Laboratory of Vitreous Materials *
* Federal University of Sao Carlos *
* Sao Carlos - Brazil *
********************************************




From: Barbara Reine :      reine-at-u.washington.edu
Date: Mon, 1 Jun 1998 18:29:45 -0700 (PDT)
Subject: Re: 14th ICEM Photomicrograph Exhibit

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


ICEM 14 - Cancun
PHOTOMICROGRAPHS ON DISPLAY

There will be a Photomicrograph Exhibit held in conjunction with the 14th
International Congress on Electron Microscopy in Cancun this August 31 -
September 4. If you are attending the meeting, please consider bringing up
to 3 micrographs for inclusion in a Photomicrograph Exhibit. From this
exhibit, images will be selected for inclusion in a post conference
publication. See details below and if you have questions contact either
the meeting headquarters in Mexico City (info below) or myself.

Photomicrograph Exhibition

The 14th ICEM will include a micrograph exhibition. The organizers'
intentions are to provide a showcase for outstanding micrographs
displaying a combination of art and science.

The exhibit is open to all forms of microscopic imaging. A panel of judges
will select entries based on artistic merit for inclusion in a
post-congress publication of images. Submitted micrographs much be
accompanied by a brief description, not only of their scientific content,
but also of their technical aspects. If images have been digitally
processed or altered, the digital processing should be described as well.
All submitted micrographs will be displayed although entries not regarded
by the judges as artistically significant will be excluded from the
publication of images. Please read the following rules carefully:

Only registered attendees at the 14th ICEM are eligible to submit
micrographs.

Any individual may submit up to three micrographs.

Entries must be 27.5 cm x 35.0 cm, may be mounted vertically or
horizontally, and must be affixed to a stiff lightweight support, such as
10 mm foam board. Micrographs may either be flush mounted or have borders
so long as the overall dimensions of the entry are 27.5 cm x 35.0 cm.

Entries must be brought to the meeting and mounted on the display boards
by the entrant or his/her delegate. Velcro will be provided. Entries must
be mounted between 12:00 and 17:00 on Monday, August 31st and those
micrographs not selected for publication must be removed between 12:00 and
15:00 on Friday, September 4th. Micrographs remaining on the display
boards after then will be discarded. Micrographs selected for publication
will not be returned to the entrant and will become the property of the
14th ICEM.

Selected micrographs will be incorporated into a post-congress publication
of images. Those selected for inclusion will be announced during the
Thursday evening reception.

To enter: Send your name, address, telephone and fax numbers, and email
address plus a description of 200 words or less for each entered
micrograph (maximum of 3) to:
Secretariat 14th International Congress on Electron Microscopy
Amsterdam 46-202
Col. Hipodromo Condesa
C.P. 06100, Mexico, D.F.
MEXICO
Phone: (525) 553-4507; Fax (525) 553-4500
email: icem-at-icem.inin.mx

Entry information must be received by August 1, 1998. Entries will be
acknowledged promptly. Do not send micrographs, you must bring them or
have them brought to the Meeting.

Meeting Office staff will print your description(s) in standard form and
prepare them to be mounted along with your micrograph(s) at the Meeting.


___________________________________________________________________________
Barbara Reine, Botany Dept. Box 351330
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1330
e-mail: reine-at-u.washington.edu;
Phone: (206) 543-1955; Fax: (206) 543-3262
____________________________________________________________________________









From: Li-Tzu Li :      ltl-at-ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 1998 11:58:58 +0800 (CST)
Subject: bio-probes

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Authenticated sender is {1qq2w3-at-ix.netcom.com}

Hi,
Does any of the listers know any ER specific or Golgi specific
antibodies for immuno-gold or confocal staining? Thanks.

Li-Tzu Li
Dept. Medical Technology
College of Medicine
National Taiwan University
Taipei, Taiwan
Phone: 886-2-2397-0800 ext 6907
Fax: 886-2-2381-7083
Email:ltl-at-ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw




From: Ian MacLaren :      I.MacLaren-at-BHAM.AC.UK
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 1998 10:10:33 +0100
Subject: Re: Need help on diffraction patterns

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



---------- Forwarded message ----------

If you have a reasonably quick web connection, why don't you try EMS
On-Line at http://cimewww.epfl.ch/ . This does loads of things which also
includes image simulation of TEM images. I have found it very useful for
indexing SAD patterns recently.

Hope this helps

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Ian MacLaren, Tel: (44) (0) 121 414 3447
IRC in Materials for FAX: (44) (0) 121 414 3441
High Performance Applications, email: I.MacLaren-at-bham.ac.uk
The University of Birmingham, http://web.bham.ac.uk/I.MacLaren/
Birmingham B15 2TT,
England.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++






From: DICK BRIGGS :      RBRIGGS-at-Science.Smith.edu
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 1998 6:52:59 EDT
Subject: Microscopy Technician Wanted

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

TECHNICAL ASSISTANT: LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND X-RAY
SPECTROMETRY

This half-time position will oversee the light and electron microscopy facility including scanning
and transmission electron microscopes, a laser scanning confocal microscope, an energy
dispersive X-ray spectrometer, digital image analysis equipment, diverse sample preparation
equipment, and two darkrooms. The facility serves Biology and Geology, as well as Art,
Astronomy, Biochemistry, and Neuroscience faculty, research students and teaching labs.

Responsibilities: oversee the day-to-day operation of the facility, including routine maintenance
and troubleshooting of instrumentation, ordering supplies, and general laboratory and darkroom
maintenance; provide training to faculty and students in specimen preparation, proper use of the
various microscopes and detectors, digital image processing, and traditional darkroom
techniques; prepare laboratories for specific courses; maintain microscope inventories; assist with
other designated instructional tasks. The applicant must have excellent communication skills,
provide expertise to people of diverse skills and research interests, be able to set priorities and
work without direct supervision, and bring enthusiasm to the job. The position carries the
possibility of both additional teaching responsibilities with added compensation and use of the
facility for research.

Requirements: Master's degree in science with considerable experience in the areas of electron
and confocal microscopy or X-ray microanalysis. Computer literacy (preferably in both the
Macintosh and Windows environment) is desirable. Annual starting salary is $17,500 and
includes a comprehensive benefits package.

Review of applications will begin July 1 and continue until the position is filled. Forward a letter
of application, resume and the names and telephone numbers of three professional references to:
Richard Briggs, Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063.
Smith College is an equal opportunity employer encouraging excellence through diversity.





From: Luc Harmsen :      anaspec-at-icon.co.za
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 1998 13:18:09 +0200
Subject: Demo SEM available for schools.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi all.
Apologise for the lack of chit chat. I too have been struck by the =
influenza virus doing the rounds.=20

Again as part of the ongoing promotion of MSSA and microscopy in SA. We =
have a small portable Hitachi SEM available to us which could be used to =
do demo's at schools.
It is a very old system and imaging is not the best, but it should be =
interesting for school students and teachers to see a working SEM.

The best way to promote microscopy and the E.M.unit at universities, is =
to involve both, and so by letting a biology student from a university =
in the region, for example, demo the SEM, would be the ideal way of =
going about having such a visit to a school.
The SEM is here in our workshops in JHB, but we can make a plan to get =
it around the country.
To connect it up takes a 15A 220v Ac mains plug and a water supply. It =
will fit on one standard table and fit in the boot of a car.

So if any body would like to assist with the organising of such a visit, =
please let me know.

At this stage I would need to know who is interested and which schools =
are interested, then we can start to arrange for dates.

Look forward to your responses.

P.S. this system is not for sale.=20
Luc Harmsen=09
Anaspec, South Africa
International technical support on microscopy.
Tel: +27 (0) 11 476 3455
Fax:+27 (0) 11 476 7290
anaspec-at-icon.co.za






From: Scott Gens :      gens-at-biodec.wustl.edu
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 1998 07:41:54 -0500 (CDT)
Subject: Re: bio-probes

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi-

One of the "classic" ER-staining antibodies seems to be anti-BiP
(immunoglobulin binding protein).

See for more information and additional references the following paper:

Terasaki M, Reese TS. 1992. Characterization of endoplasmic
reticulum by co-localization of BiP and dicarbanocyanine dyes. J. Cell
Sci. 101, 315-322.

Scott Gens
gens-at-biodec.wustl.edu

On Tue, 2 Jun 1998, Li-Tzu Li wrote:
} Hi,
} Does any of the listers know any ER specific or Golgi specific
} antibodies for immuno-gold or confocal staining? Thanks.





From: Nancy Zjaba :      Nancy.Zjaba-at-nsc.com
Date: 02 Jun 1998 07:33:31 -0700
Subject: Image analysis software

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

Can anyone give me information on image analysis software packages? We know
about
Image Pro Plus. I was wondering what other packages are out there.

We would be using the software primarily for grain sizing (both SEM and TEM
images).

Thanks for your help,

Nancy Zjaba
National Semiconductor
South Portland, ME




From: CANTINO-at-ORACLE.PNB.UCONN.EDU (MARIE CANTINO)
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 1998 12:23:15 -0400
Subject: TEM-Coat-quick G

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
with SMTP (Eudora Internet Mail Server 1.2); Tue, 2 Jun 1998 11:33:09 -0500
Message-Id: {v0151010cb199d6d02266-at-[137.99.40.57]}
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

Does anyone know where I can get a product called "Coat-quick G"? It is
mentioned in a protocol for coating grids which are to be subjected to
resin etching and immuno labelling. I assume it is to aid adhesion of the
sections to the grid during these procedures. If you do not have a source
for this product, perhaps you know of a similar one. Thanks.

Marie

Dr. Marie E. Cantino
Dept. of Physiology and Neurobiology, U-131
University of Connecticut
Storrs, CT 06269
Ph: 860-486-3588
Fax: 860-486-1936







From: Randy Tindall :      rtindell-at-NMSU.Edu
Date: Tue, 02 Jun 1998 11:14:58 -0600
Subject: EM Position

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

---------------------------------------------------------
The Electron Microscopy Laboratory at New Mexico State University has an
open position for an Electron Microscopy Specialist. The laboratory is a
multi-user facility that provides TEM, SEM, and light microscopy services
for the university research community and a few external organizations..
Qualifications: MS Degree minimum, Ph.D. Degree desirable, with at least
three years of electron microscopy experience. The preferred candidate will
be skilled in transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemical
techniques as applied to the study of plant and animal (nervous system; cell
culture) cells. Knowledge of fluorescence microscopy, SEM, digital image
analysis, and the use of networks in computing are assets. He or she also
should be experienced at teaching microscopy fundamentals and in managing a
multiuser teaching and research laboratory. The ability to work well with
research faculty, other EML staff and students is essential. Duties:
operation and routine maintenance of microscopes and associated equipment,
sample preparation, coordination of projects, billing, course instruction,
supervision of student research projects, some educational outreach
activities, technical support for EML components of sponsored grants,
training of laboratory users.
Salary: $33,544-$40,500 DOE plus 26% fringe benefits. Review of
applications will begin June 19 and continue until the position is filled.
Applications should include a resume, a letter of interest and three letters
of reference.

Apply to: Dr. Reed Dasenbrock
Associate Dean/Director
Arts and Sciences Research Center
New Mexico State University
MSC RC, Box 30001
Las Cruces, NM 88003
rdasenbr-at-nmsu.edu

For more information about the NMSU EML access:
http://www.nmsu.edu/Research/artsci/public_html/eml/index.html#staff



Randy Tindall
Electron Microscope Laboratory
Box 3EML
New Mexico State University
Las Cruces, NM 88003

rtindell-at-nmsu (work)
nrtindall-at-zianet.com (home)




From: Nancy Zjaba
Date: Tuesday, June 02, 1998 10:33AM
Subject: Image analysis software

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Take a look at John Russ' Image Processing Toolkit

Web site: http://members.aol.com/ImagProcTK/index.htm

It works with Mac and PC platforms in the programs, Photoshop, NIH
image, and UTHSCSA ImageTool.

-Scott Walck


Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

Walck-at-PPG.com

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of Scott D. Walck and not of PPG
Industries, Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."



----------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Can anyone give me information on image analysis software packages? We
know
about
Image Pro Plus. I was wondering what other packages are out there.

We would be using the software primarily for grain sizing (both SEM and
TEM
images).

Thanks for your help,

Nancy Zjaba
National Semiconductor
South Portland, ME




From: Eric Kokko :      KOKKO-at-em.agr.ca
Date: Tue, 02 Jun 1998 13:54:11 -0400
Subject: Position available - 2 yr. PDF (Plant pathology/EM/LM)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Position Available: 2-year postdoctoral fellowship in plant
pathology employing histology and electron microscopy.

A research position is available for a postdoctoral fellow to work
in cereal pathology under the NSERC Visiting Fellowship
program.

The research will be conducted in the Crop Science section at
the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Centre in
Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada. The successful applicant for this
position would be working as part of a research team with Dr. R.
L. Conner (cereal pathologist) and E.G. Kokko (electron
microscopist).

The study will compare the development and spread of different
black point fungi in resistant and susceptible wheats. The
investigation will involve a histological examination of wheat
tissue using light and electron microscopy. The overall objective
is to clarify the factors involved in grain discolouration caused by
this disease and the mechanisms controlling disease
resistance.

The candidate for this position must have a PhD in Botany, Plant
Science or Plant Pathology from a recognized University.
Previous experience in light microscopy as demonstrated in
research publications is essential. A strong background in plant
biochemistry is also required. Familiarity with procedures used
in scanning and transmission electron microscopy would also
be an asset.

The appointment is for a two year period and salary will be
according to current rates for the NSERC Visiting Fellowship
Program. Current starting salary is $35,184.00 (Canadian
dollars).

The Lethbridge Research Centre is looking for candidates for
this position. Applicants should submit a brief resume
describing their education background, research activities, and a
list of publications along with at least two professional
references. Only those who are considered qualified will be
given further consideration and contacted personally.

For further details, contact:

Eric Kokko
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Lethbridge Research Centre
P.O. Box 3000,
Lethbridge, Alberta
CANADA T1J 4B1

Phone 403-317-2255
FAX 403-382-3156
Email kokko-at-em.agr.ca




From: Winston Wiggins :      wwiggins-at-carolinas.org
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 98 15:41:06 PDT
Subject: RE: TEM-Coat-quick G

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dr. Cantino,
Coat Quick "G" is sold by Electron Microscopy Sciences,
Fort Washington, PA, 800-523-5874 (EMS Catalog XII, p.68).
--------------------------------------------------------
Winston W Wiggins, Supr. 6/2/98 3:41:06 PM
CRC-Electron Microscopy Lab. Ofc:704/355-1267
Carolinas Medical Center Fax:704/355-7648
P.O. Box 32861 Lab:704/355-7220
Charlotte,NC 28232-2861 USA Eml:wwiggins-at-carolinas.org
--------------------------------------------------------





From: k_mackinnon-at-juno.com (Kevin A MacKinnon)
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 1998 13:20:17 -0700
Subject: Screen designs for TEM?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Fellow Microscopists,
Recently our lab purchased a second TEM for asbestos analysis.
Can anyone give me some advice on screen design for a JEOL 100CX
specifically used for asbestos analysis? Currently we are using a Hitachi
7000 with an (11cm. max) concentric circle design. The only problem I
find with this is trying to determine the width/diameter of a fiber for a
weight % analysis. The smallest division is 0.25 cm., which makes it
very difficult to measure individual fibers at a mag of 20,000X. Any
input would be greatly appreciated.

Cheers,

Kevin MacKinnon
Micro Analytical Laboratories, Inc.
Emeryville, CA 94608
(510) 653-0824

_____________________________________________________________________
You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail.
Get completely free e-mail from Juno at http://www.juno.com
Or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866]




From: Pierce Jeffrey JA :      jeffrey.pierce-at-spwilm.zeneca.com
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 1998 16:38:59 -0400
Subject: SEM - Help on preparing bacteria

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello, my name is Jeff Pierce. I am a microbiologist working for Zeneca
in Wilmington, Delaware and have been given an assignment to photograph
( by SEM ) basic pictures of bacteria, fungi and yeasts to be then
colorized and used as photographs in technical literature. ( Zeneca
manufactures specialty biocides for industrial applications such as
coatings, polymers, pigments, etc. ) Anyway, I did a lot of TEM work at
Penn State and only really dabbled in SEM. To the question at hand:
does anyone have any neat ideas regarding making interesting SEM
pictures of bacteria, yeats or fungi? I used to simply filter cultures
thru a nucleopore membrane and photograph the membrane with the bugs
trapped on the surface. However, the background ( the filter ) takes
away from the bacteria. Does anyone have any suggestions that may help?
Also, where can I find a current SEM dehydration/sample prep technique
for these types of specimens? Any help/comments/suggestions would be
greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance, -Jeff Pierce.




From: kszaruba-at-MMM.COM
Date: Tue, 02 Jun 1998 16:09:35 -0500
Subject: Megapix Dig Cameras - Summary

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I got a few responses to my questions on the "megapixel" consumer
digital cameras vs. scientific digital cameras. Many issues are still
fuzzy, but since there was some interest in the responses I have
paraphrased them below.

But first - would the person from Kodak who responded please re-send
your E-mail? (I accidentally deleted it)

RESPONSES:

1. The grade of CCD chip used can differ greatly between the lower and
higher priced models. They are graded on their defects (either cluster
or column/row defects), which affect the ability to record data. Chips
with few or no defects are rare and reserved for the highest scientific
grade cameras, from manufacturers like Princeton Instruments and
Xilliger [and possibly others not mentioned by the respondent]. A
single-chip B/W camera in this grade might cost $40k or more for 1kx1k
resolution. The application dictates the need - intensity and color
analyses being one application where high quality chips would be
desired. The respondent also mentions that Princeton Instruments (no
connection) has further information on chip defects.

2. Some references for reviews of digital cameras:
Popular Photography (Dec. 1997),
PEI - Photo Electronic Imaging (May 1998) www.peimag.com,
PC Magazine (February 1998).
This person chose the Olympus D-600L after receiving quotes from
National Graphics Supply 800-223-7130, B&H 800-947-5516, and Wolf
Camera.

3. A recommendation for the MicroLumina (couldn't tell if from a vendor
or not??) with 3kx2k resolution, 36 bit color, and standard Nikon 35mm
lenses or microscope adapter. Web page http://www.electroimage.com

4. A response from DVC company recommending their web site Q&A/FAQ
section on digital cameras at http://members.aol.com/dvcco
Noted that camera differences have to do with dynamic range/ bit depth
and speed.

5. Responses from other vendors who simply left their phone numbers and
offered to discuss the issue.

If anyone wants specific details or vendor phone numbers please E-mial
me privately.

Karen

}
} ORIGINAL QUESTION:
} -------------------------------------------------
} To the digital die-hards out there:
}
} I know there have been MANY threads lately on digital cameras, which
} have been very informative. But there is such a boom going on out
} there! Does anyone have a good handle on the differences between the
} "megapixel" models which are marketed for consumer/professional
} photography markets vs. the scientific models discussed on this list??
}
} Specifically, a colleague recently challenged me as to why I would want
} to "waste" $6000 on a Minolta RD-175 when I could get even better
} resolution from some of the Olympus, Kodak, Konica, Canon, etc etc.
} products out there for $1000 or less. After some web site searching, it
} seems like there might be an issue of true color representation (1CCD
} vs. 3CCD's) and perhaps lens mounts, auto-white balance w/o manual
} override, compression, or other things. But I'm not sure per particular
} model. Anyone want to get into some of these details??
}
} NOTE: my needs are for Both hand-held close up work and possibly
} microscope-mount, to be used in subsequent image analysis of colors &
} densities as well as morphology. Low-light sensitivity not essential.
}
} Some of the suggested models were:
}
} High End:
} Minolta RD-175
} Kodak DCS 420, 410, and 460 [anyone know a good vendor in Minnesota?]
} Polaroid DMC2000
}
} Lower End or Unknown:
} Sony DKCST5 [again, any vendors in Twin Cities area?]
} Kodak DC120 or MDS120
} Konica Q-M100
} Olympus D-600L
} Canon EOS DCS 1
} Pixera Professional [I have this]
} many others I haven't looked up yet
}
} I hate to beat a dead horse, but this is more like cutting up a
} starfish. The issues just seem to multiply!
} Any input appreciated,
} Karen



--
Karen Zaruba, kszaruba-at-mmm.com
BioMaterials Technology Center
3M Center Bldg. 270-1S-01
St. Paul, MN 55144

*The opinions above are my own, not necessarily my employer's*




From: Olivia, Lisa :      LOlivia-at-FEICO.COM
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 1998 18:56:12 -0500
Subject: Position opening at FEI Company in NJ

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

FEI Company has the following position available at their Mahwah, NJ
location:

FEI Company Job Opportunity
Mahwah, NJ

National Technical Support Specialist - SEM

Summary:
Provide technical support to ensure customer satisfaction and
profitability. Provide first line support to both Philips customer
service engineers and customers via the technical assistance center.

Duties and Responsibilities:
* Oversees policies and processes which motivate and develop
talent to provide technical support with the product group.
* Acts as a liaison between supply center and field personnel to
resolve technical problems.
* Provide means of Technical Assistance Center (TAC) support to
assist in customer telephone fix or call avoidance.
* Evaluates field Customer Service Engineer's (CSE) for training
requirements and makes recommendations to National Customer Service
Manager.
* Writes service bulletins to field as needed. Interfaces with
bulletin boards as needed.
* Prepares and conducts service training courses as required.
* Reviews and evaluates all new products and documentation.
Monitors new product installation.
* Develops corrective action plans to resolve complex/long-term
product reliability problems through use of MFG-Pro data analysis.
* Assists to completion all field installations, upgrades and
escalations via telephone daily.
* Establishes initial stock levels for spare parts.
* Provides technical assistance via telephone to all X-Ray
personnel including review of orders as required.
* Provides on-site technical assistance to CSE's when required.
* Ensures the adherence to company policy, suitability of work
instructions, implementation of corrective action and
maintenance/accessibility/retention of quality documentation.
* Ensure that ISO 9000 directives that pertain to this area of
responsibility are fully complied with.

Required Knowledge, Skills and Experience:
* BS/BA or AAS Electronic Technology or equivalent.
* Must have excellent mechanical and electronic aptitude
* 5+ years experience with SEM's (scanning electron microscopes)
* Must possess excellent communication and problem solving skills
* Must have a working knowledge of software operating system.

Interested candidates should FAX or email resume to Lisa Olivia
FAX: 503.640.7509 email: lolivia-at-feico.com

Lisa Olivia
Recruiter
FEI Company
PH) 503.844.2601
FAX) 503.640.7509
email: lolivia-at-feico.com






From: Winnie Westbrook :      ewwestbr-at-hsc.vcu.edu
Date: Tue, 2 Jun 1998 18:54:49 -0500
Subject: POSITION AVAILABLE

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Please post this position description.

#03171-Lab Specialist Senior - CISAT
Assists in all aspects of procedures required for the prepapration of
tissue for immunohistochemical analysis (whole mounts as well as
sections), fluorescent and light microscopy, transmission and/or
scanning electron microscopy. Competitive candidates must possess
knowledge of techniques for immunological staining, sectioning, mounting
tissue, evaluating sections and taking and developing publicaiton
quality photomicrographs. Applicant must possess demonstrated ability
to operate: ultramicrotome, vibratome, cryostat, and other TEM/SEM
equipment. Applicant will be responsible for maintenance of specimen
records, chemical supplies, reagents, etc in the histological laboratory
and for independently modifying lab procedures to obtain optimal
results. Interpretation of findings and ability to direct the work of
others also necessary. Four year degree in Biology or related field
supplemented by post-graduate experience in microbiology and/or
neuroscience preferred. Salary range: $24,337-37,995.

Send resume and all correspondence to:

Brenda M. Ryals, Ph.D
Professor
Communication Sciences and Disorders
James Madison University
Harrisonburg, VA 22807
ryalsbm-at-jmu.edu






From: amanda wilson :      awilson-at-sghms.ac.uk
Date: Wed, 03 Jun 1998 12:29:13 +0000
Subject: re: bioprobes

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I think you can use antibodies to mannose-6-phosphate to detect golgi





From: mohan_kalyanaraman-at-EMail.mobil.com
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 1998 08:37:00 -0400
Subject: Used TEM wanted

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Dear Group,

We are looking for a used TEM (in reasonable working condition) that anyone
might have for
sale or donation. The machine will be used for routine imaging. Please
contact me offline
if you have any information.

Thanks,

Mohan Kalyanaraman

Sr. Staff Material Scientist
Mobil Technology Company
PO Box 480
Paulsboro, NJ 08066
mohan_kalyanaraman-at-email.mobil.com

609-224-3989 (ph#)
609-224-3608 (fax#)






From: Yogis Naidoo :      ynaidoo-at-pixie.udw.ac.za
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 1998 15:32:58 -0200 (GMT)
Subject: Post-doctoral research

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This message is in MIME format. The first part should be readable text,
while the remaining parts are likely unreadable without MIME-aware tools.
Send mail to mime-at-docserver.cac.washington.edu for more info.

--KAA23242.896875672/pixie.udw.ac.za
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII
Content-ID: {Pine.SOL.3.96.980603110737.24342D-at-pixie.udw.ac.za}


Dear Sir/Madam

I, Dr Yogis Naidoo a research officer in the Electron Microscope Unit at
University of Durban-Westville, South Africa am interested in a post
doctoral research position. I will be able to provide my own funding. My
field of specialisation is ultrastructure and cytochemistry salt glands of
halophtyic
plants. My current project focuses on investigating the ultrastructure and
cytochemistry of salt glands of halophytic grasses along the South Farican
coastline. I am also interested in glands of other related plants. I
will be willing to give lectures on plant pathology.

Thank you
Yours sincerely
Y. Naidoo
Electron Microscope Unit
University of Durban-Westville
Private Bag X54001
Durban 4000
Tel: (031) 2044360
Fax: (031) 2044809













































--KAA23242.896875672/pixie.udw.ac.za
Content-Type: MESSAGE/DELIVERY-STATUS
Content-ID: {Pine.SOL.3.96.980603110737.24342E-at-pixie.udw.ac.za}
Content-Description:

Reporting-MTA: dns; pixie.udw.ac.za
Arrival-Date: Wed, 3 Jun 1998 09:58:59 -0200 (GMT)

Final-Recipient: RFC822; microcopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
Action: failed
Status: 5.1.1
Remote-MTA: DNS; sparc5.microscopy.com
Diagnostic-Code: SMTP; 550 {microcopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com} ... User unknown
Last-Attempt-Date: Wed, 3 Jun 1998 10:07:51 -0200 (GMT)

--KAA23242.896875672/pixie.udw.ac.za--




From: Daraporn Arayasantiparb :      darayasa-at-stevens-tech.edu
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 1998 11:31:37 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Diamond Knife recommendation

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear All,

Would anyone be able to recommend us on what diamond knife angle
would be a better choice for cutting polymer (polymer-metal/glass fiber
composite)? 45 degree or 35 degree or doesn't matter?

I was told by Diatome that 35 degree knife would be a better
choice to cut polymers, i.e., it reduces the curling problem. But we are
currently using the 45 degree knife. Would it be wise to resharpen the
one we have or buy a new one that is 35 degree?

All opinions are welcome and appreciated.

Thanks in advance,
Ad






From: lklfalk-at-fy.chalmers.se (Lena Falk)
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 1998 17:17:52 +0100
Subject: TMR post-doc position

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

POST-DOCTORAL POSITION

"Analytical Electron Microscopy of Oxynitride Glass Ceramics"

A post-doctoral position is available in the Division for Microscopy=
and
Microanalysis at Chalmers University of Technology within the framework=
of
the Training and Mobility of Researchers (TMR) Programme. Qualified
candidates should have a Ph.D. in materials science, physics or chemistry,
and a documented background in analytical electron microscopy. It=
will be
considered an advantage if he or she has some experimental experience=
of
any of the following techniques: electron energy loss spectroscopy=
(EELS),
convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) or high resolution lattice
imaging. The applicant must be a national of a Member State of the
European Community. The starting date of the appointment may be=
discussed,
and the appointment may last up to 16 months.

The position is funded by the TMR networks research project "Structure=
and
Properties of New M-Si-Al-O-N Oxynitride Glass Ceramics (M=3DY,Ln)"=
which is
a collaboration between seven partners in the United Kingdom, Ireland,
=46rance, Sweden and Belgium. The collaboration within the established
network will give the post-doctoral fellow good contacts with a number=
of
research groups in Europe and a good knowledge of a variety of preparative
/ analytical / property measurement techniques relevant to the evaluation
of new ceramic materials as well as other materials outside the field=
of
ceramics.

The aim of the research project is to determine crystal structures=
and
properties of currently uncharacterised new glass-ceramic phases=
in yttrium
and rare earth sialon systems. These materials are potential refractory
grain boundary phases in Si3N4-based ceramics, and have an interest=
also as
refractory surface coatings (glazes) and as interface materials in
nitride-oxide and nitride-metal joints.

The analytical transmission electron microscopy work carried out=
at
Chalmers will focus on the chemistry and structure of glasses and=
their
crystallisation products, and on microstructural development during
nucleation and growth processes. Microanalytical work on glass ceramics
subjected to creep testing and oxidation / corrosion experiments=
may also
be carried out.

The major part of the microscopy work will be carried out on a Philips
CM200 Supertwin transmission electron microscope (TEM) with a field
emission gun (FEG) and surrounding interactive instrumentation. =
The FEG
TEM is equipped with the Gatan imaging filter (GIF) which produces=
energy
filtered electron images and diffraction patterns as well as electron
energy loss spectra, a Gatan off-axis CCD camera for high resolution
imaging and a Link Isis energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) system for
qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis including the light
elements. There are also other electron microscopes in the laboratory,
e.g. a Jeol 2000-FX TEM/STEM/SEM and a CamScan SEM.

=46or further details, please contact:
Associate Professor Lena Falk, Department of Experimental Physics,
Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 G=F6teborg, Sweden
e-mail: lklfalk-at-fy.chalmers.se; fax: +46 31 772 3224; phone: +46=
31 772 3321






From: deborah Lietz :      dlietz-at-trentu.ca
Date: Wed, 03 Jun 1998 13:01:56 +0100
Subject: LM - FIXATION FOR PLANT SEEDS

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone have a really goood fixation for lm of very hard seeds. We
would like to section buckthorn seeds.

Debbie Lietz
Electron Microscopy Suite
Department of Biology
Trent University
Peterborough, Ontario
K9J 7B8
Telephone: (705)748-1486
Fax: (705) 748-1205
email: dlietz-at-trentu.ca






From: Wil Bigelow :      bigelow-at-engin.umich.edu
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 1998 14:18:34 -0400
Subject: DP Oils

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

There has been a lot of discussion recently about substituting one DP oil
for another. Here is a summary of the properties of some of the common
brands of oil:
MM VP BT HV

Octoil-S 427 3x10^-6 205 101-105
DC-704 484 3x10^-6 220 107-112
DC-705 546 3x10^-8 250 118-122
Santovac-5 454 5x10^-8 290 95-108
Alcatel 220 408 6x10^-8 260 120

MM = Avg molecular mass; VP = vapor pressure at 20 C (Pa);
BT = boiling temperature (deg C) at 100 Pa (typical DP
boiler pressure); HV = heat of vaporization (kJ/mole)

These values are probably not accurate to a high degree, because it is very
difficult to measure the physical properties of very viscous, low vapor
pressure fluids such as these; however, they should be good enough to give
you an idea of the relative characteristics of the various fluids.

In general, if you are going to substitute one oil for another, the two
should be as similar as possible with regard to boiling temperature and
heat of vaporization. Rough values of boiling temps are given above;
however, I could not obtain values for the heats of vaporization that I
could feel confident enough about to publish in my book. The values I did
come up with are given above, and are only VERY ROUGH. Most manufacturers
do not give heat of vaporization data, even though it is a very important
property. It is possible to calculate it from data giving variation in
vapor pressure with temperature (see VM in EM p 181) but the vapor pressure
data are usually not precise enough to yield results one can really trust.

More details on diffusion pump fluids can be found in Sect. 5.4 of my book
'Vacuum Methods in Electron Microscopy'
(http://www.2spi.com/catalog/books/book48.html ;
http://www.bookshop.co.uk/portland/)

Incidentally; concerning the character of Lion-S Oil, two weeks ago I wrote
to the Lion Oil Company requesting information about this oil, but have not
yet received a reply.

Wilbur C. Bigelow, Prof. Emeritus
Materials Sci. & Engr., University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2136 e-mail: bigelow-at-umich.edu;
Fx:734-763-4788; Ph:734-764-3321






From: Wil Bigelow :      bigelow-at-engin.umich.edu
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 1998 14:48:44 -0400
Subject: RE: Cleaning EM parts

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

As I have mentioned on several previous occasions, it is quite possible to
clean most parts of the vacuum systems of EMs and other common laboratory
apparatus WITHOUT the use of organic solvents.

The use of grease-based polishing compounds, such as are commonly used
throughout the field, makes no sense at all. A major reason for cleaning
parts in the first place is to get organic contaminants such as pump oils
and greases, fingerprints,etc., off them. Why then do people go about
doing so by coating the parts with a greasy polishing compound? This is
like taking a bath in a mud puddle! Not only does the greasy polishing
compound thoroughly coat the parts, but it gets embedded in every crack and
crevice in them. To remove it you then have to wash the parts repeatedly
in organic solvents which are expensive to purchase and also to dispose of.

Methods for cleaning vacuum parts without using greas-based polishing
compounds are discussed in some detail in Sect. 2.10.4c (p. 69) of my book
"Vacuum Methods in Electron Microscopy" (for info see:
http://www.2spi.com/catalog/books/book48.html and
http://www.bookshop.co.uk/portland/).

Since I have outlined these methods generally on this list server on a
couple of previous occasions, I will not do so again. However, I would
like to mention a very useful cleaning agent that is not discussed there:
Tilex Soap Scum Remover. This is a combination of diethylene glycol butyl
ether (a very effective solvent) and powerful detergents. It is usually
possible to clean most parts simply by scrubbing them with TSSR (treating
ultrasonically if desired), rinsing with hot running tap water (again
treating ultrasonically if desired), rinsing with reagent grade isopropyl
alcohol, and drying with a gas blaster. Check my book for more details and
other useful cleaning materials.

A word of caution: the pole pieces of magnetic lenses are usually made of
a soft iron alloy which corrodes rather easily, and so should not be
cleaned with water; in fact, they should not be cleaned at all unless it is
absolutely necessary to do so.

Wilbur C. Bigelow, Prof. Emeritus
Materials Sci. & Engr., University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2136 e-mail: bigelow-at-umich.edu;
Fx:734-763-4788; Ph:734-764-3321






From: michael shaffer :      mshaf-at-darkwing.uoregon.edu
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 1998 12:10:36 -0700
Subject: RE: DP Oils

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Wil Bigelow writes ...
}
} There has been a lot of discussion recently about
} substituting one DP oil for another. Here is a summary of
} the properties of some of the common brands of oil ...

First of all, thanx for the summary. However, I wish you would have
included one other factor ... that being, whether the oil is silicone or
hydrocarbon based. My impression is EM manufacturers do not suggest
silicone based oils because the contamination is difficult to remove and
is non-conductive. It ^has^ been a long time since having researched
this issue ... I'll expect to be corrected/enlightened if I'm wrong ...
it may even be possible you've listed only hydrocarbon based DP oils ...

cheerios, shAf

{} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ cogito, ergo zZOooOM /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {}
Michael Shaffer, R.A. - http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~mshaf/
Geological Science's Electron Probe Facility - University of Oregon
mshaf-at-darkwing.uoregon.edu or mshaf-at-oregon.uoregon.edu






From: Richard M. Plecenik (1-914-892-3270) :      rmplece-at-vnet.ibm.com
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 98 16:02:14 EDT
Subject: subscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html






From: alex black :      alexander.black-at-ucg.ie
Date: Wed, 03 Jun 1998 21:57:58 +0100
Subject: Microscopical Society of Ireland

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

--part0_896905604_boundary
Content-ID: {0_896905604-at-inet_out.mail.aol.com.1}
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII



--part0_896905604_boundary
Content-ID: {0_896905604-at-inet_out.mail.aol.com.2}
Content-type: message/rfc822
Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit
Content-disposition: inline



--------------E5F1DF45D94D15779725840F
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Microscopical Society of Ireland

22nd Annual Symposium

Wednesday 2nd and Thursday 3rd September 1998

at
National University of Ireland, Galway
-------------------------------------------------------
Papers, Posters, Workshop, Trade Exhibition
-------------------------------------------------------

Guest Speakers

Professor Brigid Heywood, Keele University, England

"Bio-inspired strategies for materials fabrication"

Professor Tom Fleming, Southhampton, England

"Biological application of confocal microscopy to the study of early
mammalian development"

-------------------------------------------------------

Student prizes for papers and posters in Materials sciences and
Biological sciences

------------------------------------------------------
Further details from
Professor Jean Folan-Curran,
Department of Anatomy,
National University of Ireland,
Galway.
Tel: (+353) 091-750305
Fax: (+353) 091-750520
mailto:j.folan-curran-at-ucg.ie


--------------E5F1DF45D94D15779725840F
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

{HTML}

{CENTER}
{H1}
Microscopical Society of Ireland {/H1} {/CENTER}

{CENTER}
{H2}
22nd Annual Symposium {/H2} {/CENTER}

{CENTER}
{H3}
Wednesday 2nd and Thursday 3rd September 1998 {/H3} {/CENTER}

{CENTER} {BLINK} {FONT COLOR="#124506"} at {/FONT} {/BLINK} {/CENTER}

{CENTER} {BLINK} {FONT FACE="Dorovar"} {FONT COLOR="#124506"} {FONT SIZE=+3} National
University of Ireland, Galway {/FONT} {/FONT} {/FONT} {/BLINK} {/CENTER}

{CENTER} ------------------------------------------------------- {/CENTER}

{CENTER} Papers, Posters, Workshop, Trade Exhibition {/CENTER}

{CENTER} ------------------------------------------------------- {/CENTER}

{CENTER}
{H2}
Guest Speakers {/H2} {/CENTER}

{CENTER}
{H4}
Professor Brigid Heywood, Keele University, England {/H4} {/CENTER}

{CENTER}
{H4}
"Bio-inspired strategies for materials fabrication" {/H4} {/CENTER}

{CENTER}
{H4}
Professor Tom Fleming, Southhampton, England {/H4} {/CENTER}

{CENTER}
{H4}
"Biological application of confocal microscopy to the study of early mammalian
development" {/H4} {/CENTER}

{CENTER} ------------------------------------------------------- {/CENTER}

{CENTER}
{H3}
Student prizes for papers and posters in Materials sciences and Biological
sciences {/H3} {/CENTER}

{CENTER} ------------------------------------------------------ {/CENTER}

{CENTER} Further details from {/CENTER}

{CENTER}
{ADDRESS}
Professor Jean Folan-Curran, {/ADDRESS} {/CENTER}

{CENTER}
{ADDRESS}
Department of Anatomy, {/ADDRESS} {/CENTER}

{CENTER}
{ADDRESS}
National University of Ireland, {/ADDRESS} {/CENTER}

{CENTER}
{ADDRESS}
Galway. {/ADDRESS} {/CENTER}

{CENTER} {B} {I} Tel {/I} {/B} : (+353) 091-750305 {/CENTER}

{CENTER} {B} {I} Fax {/I} {/B} : (+353) 091-750520 {/CENTER}

{CENTER}   {A HREF="mailto:j.folan-curran-at-ucg.ie"} mailto:j.folan-curran-at-ucg.ie {/A} {/CENTER}
  {/HTML}

--------------E5F1DF45D94D15779725840F--





From: Tina Carvalho :      tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 1998 11:54:19 -1000 (HST)
Subject: TEM - identifying lipid?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello, all

Rather than make my way over to the library, I thought I'd poll the
expertise of the group. How could I tell if some intracellular blobs are
primarily lipid, primarily protein, or both/neither? Not a real analysis,
but just in general. You know the things - "apears to be a lipid-like
structure". This would be in plant material embedded in resin (Spurr or
LX-112), and the spores are too small to see well with LM, so it rules out
doing PAS at that level.

Any suggestions gratefully accepted!

Mahalo,
Tina

http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf/microangela
****************************************************************************
* Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
* Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251 *
* University of Hawaii at Manoa * http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
****************************************************************************





From: Tina Carvalho :      tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 1998 12:03:57 -1000 (HST)
Subject: Cryosubstitution

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Aloha-

I have been freezing copepods (small planktonic crustaceans) by plunging
into freezing propane, and then cryosubstituting with 2% OsO4 in anhydrous
acetone (switching to methanol next week). The holder I have jury-rigged
I think is not an adequate sink to slow the warming, and so I would like
to have our shop mill out an aluminum block for me. I know there have
been at least a couple of papers giving the dimensions of such a block and
it's thermal properties, but I can't lay my hands on them at the moment.
I would appreciate hearing from anyone who can suggest a reasonable start.

Also, I would like to hear from anyone with experience with ultrarapid
freezing of marine (wet and salty) organisms, both plant and animal. Any
particular problems or successes?

Thanks,
Tina

http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf/microangela
****************************************************************************
* Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
* Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251 *
* University of Hawaii at Manoa * http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
****************************************************************************





From: mpalladino-at-brookdale.cc.nj.us (Mike Palladino)
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 1998 17:24:53 -0500
Subject: TEM Specimen Grids

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I am looking for prepared TEM grids for a variety of different samples
(vertebrate tissues, invertebrate, plants, bacteria, viruses) that anyone
may be willing to part with for the cost of shipping. I currently operate
a functional Zeiss 9A TEM which I demonstrate to our undergrad. students
but we are still several months away from having the ability to prepare our
own grids. Thanks in advance for your help.

Mike


Michael A. Palladino, Ph.D.
Instructor of Biology
Brookdale Community College
Lincroft, NJ 07738
Voice: (732) 224-2871
E-mail: mpalladino-at-brookdale.cc.nj.us






From: mpalladino-at-brookdale.cc.nj.us (Mike Palladino)
Date: Wed, 03 Jun 1998 20:04:09 -0400
Subject: TEM Specimen Grids

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I am looking for prepared TEM grids for a variety of different samples
(vertebrate tissues, invertebrate, plants, bacteria, viruses) that anyone
may be willing to part with for the cost of shipping. I currently operate
a functional Zeiss 9A TEM which I demonstrate to our undergrad. students
but we are still several months away from having the ability to prepare our
own grids. Thanks in advance for your help.

Mike



Michael A. Palladino, Ph.D.
Instructor of Biology
Brookdale Community College
Lincroft, NJ 07738
Voice: (732) 224-2871
E-mail: mpalladino-at-brookdale.cc.nj.us




From: Dando, B, Bruce, Mr :      dando-at-ANAT.UCT.AC.ZA
Date: Thu, 4 Jun 1998 14:24:21 SAST-2
Subject: breakdown of Hitachi H-600

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi to all fellow microscopists,
I have appealed via a colleague before about this problem and thought
I had solved it, but to no avail. We are looking for anyone selling
parts from an Hitachi H-600 TEM. We need to replace the gun and cable
and as yet have not had a promising response. The agents will not
even give a price, as I believe this part is not stocked anymore.HELP
from anyone who has information that I can use
Bruce Dando




From: Geoff McAuliffe :      mcauliff-at-UMDNJ.EDU
Date: Thu, 04 Jun 1998 08:33:50 -0700
Subject: Re: TEM - identifying lipid?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Tina Carvalho wrote:

} Hello, all
}
} Rather than make my way over to the library, I thought I'd poll the
} expertise of the group. How could I tell if some intracellular blobs are primarily lipid, primarily protein, or both/neither? Not a real analysis, but just in general. You know the things - "apears to be a lipid-like structure". This would be in plant material embedded

Tina:

In animal material lipid droplets are not surrounded by a membrane
while protein and carbohydrate granules are. See the chapter on Adipose
tissue in almost any edition of "A Textbook of Histology" by Bloom and
Fawcett for an micrograph of this (taken by one of my mentors, Eunice
Wood).

Geoff
--
***************************************************************
Geoff McAuliffe, Ph.D.
Neuroscience and Cell Biology
Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
675 Hoes Lane Piscataway, NJ 08854
voice: (732)-235-4583; fax -4029 e-mail: mcauliff-at-umdnj.edu
***************************************************************




From: alan stone :      as-at-popmail.mcs.net
Date: Thu, 4 Jun 1998 12:04:14 -0500 (CDT)
Subject: new gold target on sputtering unit

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Helpful Readers!

Some time ago there was a thread regarding using a gold coin as a
replacement for the manufacturer's gold target on sputtering units.

If there is anyone familiar with the topic, I could use a little help.
Standard gold coins are 99.9% gold, can I assume this is pure enough? Do
the coins need to be smoothed out? And can they be soldered in, or is
brazing prefered?

Any additional hints would be greatly appreciated.

Alan Stone
ASTON





From: Garber, Charles A. :      cgarber-at-2spi.com
Date: Thu, 04 Jun 98 13:27:53 -0500
Subject: Diamond knife question

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

-- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --

Daraporn Arayasantiparb wrote:
===============================================
Would anyone be able to recommend us on what diamond knife angle would be a
better choice for cutting polymer (polymer-metal/glass fiber composite)? 45
degree or 35 degree or doesn't matter?

I was told by Diatome that 35 degree knife would be a better choice to cut
polymers, i.e., it reduces the curling problem. But we are currently using
the 45 degree knife. Would it be wise to resharpen the one we have or buy a
new one that is 35 degree?
================================================
We have cut samples of this type for more years than I would care to admit.
You did not mention the metal but let me assume it is something not too hard
like aluminum or copper. The hardness of the metal and its size is the
single most important factor in assessing possibilities of sectioning this
particular kind of system.

It is a fact that the smaller knife angle does give all kinds of advantages,
another one being that it will also be easier and faster to get "acceptable
sections" however you want to measure "acceptable".

But what is left unsaid is the accelerated wear rate of the knife edge. It
has at least been our own experience that a 35 deg. relative to 45 deg. will
"wear out" far faster, perhaps a factor of ten faster. On the other hand,
if you are experienced with the microtomy of these kinds of samples, or once
you become experienced, you can overcome this issue to the point that you
can (usually) obtain samples that are quite acceptable fairly quickly with
the 45 deg. edge. But there will always be some samples at the margin where
this is not going to be the case. There will be some samples that just can
not be cut at 45 deg. but which can be cut at 35 deg. Now we love these
kinds of samples since they can consume a lot of diamond knives in a short
period of time.

We also find that this kind of sample is more easily cut at RT than cryo.
Those at the "margin" can't be cut cryo at all.

We use in our own laboratory our own SPI Materials Science Diamond Knife, 45
deg. edge for this type of sample. Depending on the hardness of the metal
particles and the adhesion of the filler to matrix, there can be some pull
out. But the sections are basically usable and the knife does not wear out
in an afternoon. The hardness of the metal will determine how fast there is
developed a pattern of "knife marks" at the edge. The next most important
factor is the diameter of the glass fibers.

So the real answer to your question is a "we don't know". But if you have
the 45 deg. knife anyhow, it would seem that you should not assume the worst
case scenario, have it sharpened and see what you can do with it.

Disclaimer: SPI has offered a special "materials science diamond knife"
with standard 45 deg. angle for some years so we have a vested interest in
seeing more use of diamond knives for this kind of sample. And, yes, we are
a competitor of Diatome.

Chuck

===================================================
Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com


Look for us!
############################
WWW: http://www.2spi.com
############################
==================================================




From: William Tivol :      tivol-at-wadsworth.org
Date: Thu, 4 Jun 1998 16:49:29 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: DP Oils

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Listers,
Wil Bigelow recently posted a message on the properties of various
DP oils. We are using a fluorinated oil called Krytox 1525, which was not
one of the oils discussed. Wil, do you (or anyone else) know the MM, VP,
BT & HV of this oil? TIA.
Yours,
Bill Tivol




From: Bob Phillips :      microservis-at-dial.pipex.com
Date: Thu, 4 Jun 1998 23:27:11 +0100
Subject: TEM Replacements for Mercury Batteries

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello fellow subscribers,

Early versions of the JEOL 100CX TEM use 16.2volt and 8.1volt mercury
batteries as reference voltage source. There is also a 29.7volt mercury
battery in the objective lens circuit.

Now that mercury batteries are no longer available, can anyone tell me if
there are any suitable substitutes available, preferably in the UK?


Regards,

Bob Phillips

MicroServiS

11 Grafton Close,
St. Ives,
Huntingdon, http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/microservis/
Cambs.,
PE17 6DL





From: Melvyn Dickson :      M.Dickson-at-unsw.edu.au
Date: Fri, 05 Jun 1998 09:26:58 +1000
Subject: new gold target on sputtering unit

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


}
} Some time ago there was a thread regarding using a gold coin as a
} replacement for the manufacturer's gold target on sputtering units.
}
} If there is anyone familiar with the topic, I could use a little help.
} Standard gold coins are 99.9% gold, can I assume this is pure enough? Do
} the coins need to be smoothed out? And can they be soldered in, or is
} brazing prefered?
}

Any half way competent high street jeweller can hammer out a pure solid
gold target for your sputter coater.

Ours are 0.5 mm thick, 70 mm diameter.

They can start with a gold coin, or will make it out of any weight of pure
gold you specify.

Once it is worn through, you take the remnant back to the jeweller and ask
him to make it up back to the original weight.

It is never wasted........


*****************************************************
Mel Dickson,
Director.
Electron Microscope Unit,
University of New South Wales.
Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

Phone (+612) 9385-6383
Fax (+612) 9385-6400
Website {http://srv.emunit.unsw.edu.au}
*****************************************************




From: Dr M.A. Osborne :      mao20-at-cus.cam.ac.uk
Date: Thu, 4 Jun 1998 19:17:19 -0500
Subject: Objectives

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



Dear All

I've been asked to put out a call for help
in sourcing a cheap (as possible) X100 air spaced objective
with a minimal working distance of 0.4mm but preferably much
longer (ideal 4mm) and a high NA greater than 0.65 (double
would be good).

This seems a lot to ask but i'm sure someone out there can
detail a best fit to these requirements.

Many thanks

Dr. Mark Osborne

Department of Chemistry
Uni of Cambridge
Lensfield Rd
UK
CB2 1EW

email : mao20-at-cus.cam.ac.uk






From: Steve Chapman :      PROTRAIN-at-CompuServe.COM
Date: Fri, 5 Jun 1998 03:51:12 -0400
Subject: new gold target on sputtering unit

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Alan,

All you need to make a piece of metal the target of your coater is to fix=

it in place such that it makes a good contact with the power source. =

Provided the base unit upon which it is mounted is aluminium you will not=

have any sputtering from the base. Hammering the coin flat will give you=
a
bigger source area of course.

Many targets are clipped in place, a poor contact may be improved with th=
e
use of conducting paste the same as you would use to fix a specimen to to=

stub.

The material should be more than adequate for Tungsten SEM applications.

For the first sputter do not use a specimen but let the current run so as=

to clean the target.

Steve Chapman

Senior Consultant E.M.
Protrain, 16 Hedgerley, Chinnor, Oxford OX9 4TN, England.
Tel & Fax 44 (0)1844 353161
Web Site - http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/protrain
For Consultancy and Courses in Electron Microscopy World Wide




From: Steve Chapman :      PROTRAIN-at-CompuServe.COM
Date: Fri, 5 Jun 1998 03:51:14 -0400
Subject: breakdown of Hitachi H-600

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Bruce,

I have had to repair HT cables in many countries of the world where it wa=
s
rare for a new HT cable to be on hand. It is not the problem that you m=
ay
be expecting.

There are many other industries that use HT cables, main power lines are =
a
good example. Look in your local Yellow pages for organisations in the
fields of - power cables, x-ray generators, capacitor manufacturers, hig=
h
voltage transformer manufacturers etc.

They will be able to use your Hitachi cable ends and simply replace and r=
e
seal the cable.

Best of luck

Steve Chapman

Senior Consultant E.M.
Protrain, 16 Hedgerley, Chinnor, Oxford OX9 4TN, England.
Tel & Fax 44 (0)1844 353161
Web Site - http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/protrain
For Consultancy and Courses in Electron Microscopy World Wide




From: Tony Bruton :      bruton-at-EMU.UNP.AC.ZA
Date: Fri, 05 Jun 1998 13:08:02 +0200
Subject: TEM Replacements for Mercury Batteries -Reply

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Greetings Bob

Our electronics workshop on campus designed two circuits which reduce
the dependance of the JEOL 100CX on expensive batteries. Please let me
know if you would like to receive info about the circuits, which have
served our 100CX reliably for more than 5 years.

Tony

Tony Bruton
Head, Centre for Electron Microscopy
University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg
Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209,
KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Tel +27 (0)331 260 5155, Home +27 (0)331 962676
Fax +27 (0)331 260 5776
email: bruton-at-emu.unp.ac.za




From: Woody.N.White-at-mcdermott.com
Date: 6/4/98 5:27 PM
Subject: TEM Replacements for Mercury Batteries

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Depending on the current and stability requirements... You might
want to check out replacing the batteries with active solid state
devices. Although more stable references are available, the LM317
adjustable voltage regulator (for less than $2.00) may do the job.
The output voltage is set using a two resistor voltage divider and
an internal reference. Be sure to use stable resistors - wirewound
or metal film.


Woody White, Electron Microscopist SEM/EDS/WDS

Work:
Mcdermott Technology, Inc.
woody.n.white-at-mcdermott.com
http://www.mtiresearch.com/

Home:
woody.white-at-worldnet.att.net
http://www.geocities.com/capecanaveral/3722



______________________________ Reply Separator
_________________________________


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

Hello fellow subscribers,

Early versions of the JEOL 100CX TEM use 16.2volt and 8.1volt mercury
batteries as reference voltage source. There is also a 29.7volt mercury
battery in the objective lens circuit.

Now that mercury batteries are no longer available, can anyone tell me if
there are any suitable substitutes available, preferably in the UK?


Regards,

Bob Phillips

MicroServiS

11 Grafton Close,
St. Ives,
Huntingdon, http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/microservis/
Cambs.,
PE17 6DL




From: Bob Lawrence :      a402aa-at-email.sps.mot.com
Date: Fri, 05 Jun 1998 05:00:20 -0700
Subject: Re: TEM Replacements for Mercury Batteries

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
id AA17924 for Microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com; Fri, 5 Jun 98 05:02:25 MST
Received: from msgphx3.sps.mot.com by mogate.sps.mot.com (4.1/SMI-4.1/Email-2.0)
id AA16550 for Microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com; Fri, 5 Jun 98 05:02:24 MST
Received: from email.sps.mot.com ([221.105.10.56]) by msgphx3.sps.mot.com (Netscape Messaging Server 3.01) with ESMTP id AAA29662; Fri, 5 Jun 1998 05:02:22 -0700
Message-Id: {3577DDD4.7D454685-at-email.sps.mot.com}

Bob,

I had the same problem with my cameras, the substitution that we made was
a silver/air or zinc/air cell. It's about 5:00 AM here and I don't recall
clearly which metal system is used. The cameras are elsewhere so I can't
check. These cells have the same voltage output, my cameras work fine with
this substitution. The life of these cells isn't quite as good, one opens an
air seal on the battery to start the cell. Hope this somewhat fuzzy
information helps!!

Bob Phillips wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Hello fellow subscribers,
}
} Early versions of the JEOL 100CX TEM use 16.2volt and 8.1volt mercury
} batteries as reference voltage source. There is also a 29.7volt mercury
} battery in the objective lens circuit.
}
} Now that mercury batteries are no longer available, can anyone tell me if
} there are any suitable substitutes available, preferably in the UK?
}
} Regards,
}
} Bob Phillips
}
} MicroServiS
}
} 11 Grafton Close,
} St. Ives,
} Huntingdon, http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/microservis/
} Cambs.,
} PE17 6DL







From: Bruce Brinson :      brinson-at-rice.edu
Date: Fri, 05 Jun 1998 09:34:28 -0500
Subject: 2CENT GOLD

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello all,
Since the source of gold is up, I'll toss in my 2 cents worth.
Years ago we too thought of the gold coin. Looking into it we found that
most gold coins were not near 99.9%.
It's just too soft & of course folks wanted more than the gold value
for their coins. The specialty suppliers can be quite expensive (say a
foctor of 3-4). The deal of the day was to purchase "gold shot". This
is the stock from which jewelers make their alloys (10kt, 18kt, etc.)
The purity was claimed to be 99.99% & it cost us the current exchange
rate +~$10US.

Bruce Brinson
Rice U.





From: Dr. Gernot Richter :      mdjt-clin-at-monmouth.com
Date: Fri, 5 Jun 1998 11:38:42 -0400
Subject: Available position

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Position announcement: Member, Clinical Studies Staff

Medjet Inc., a publicly held research and development firm specializing in
the design and development of ophthalmic surgical devices, is now
interviewing for a position available within its Department of Clinical
Studies. Preferred candidates will have completed a bachelors degree in
either a biological science or biomedical engineering. Candidates will be
expected to have prior training and/or experience with all phases of light,
scanning, and transmission electron microscopy, photography, and animal
handling. Prior experience with medical device design and manufacturing is
a plus. The individual will assist in the coordination, execution, and
documentation of research activities including clinical trials involving
animal and human subjects.

Headquarters are located in Edison, NJ. Candidates will be considered
until the position has been filled. Selected candidates will be expected to
begin employment during early July and be flexible considering the
potential for prolonged travel stays. Salary range is between
$27,500-$32,500 per year in addition to a complete benefits package.
Interested applicants should forward a resume with cover letter to the
attention of Daniel Caruso.

Medjet Inc.
Suite 301
1090 King George Post Road
Edison, NJ 08837

Medjet Inc. is an equal opportunity employer.




From: Wil Bigelow :      bigelow-at-engin.umich.edu
Date: Fri, 5 Jun 1998 11:50:15 -0400
Subject: More on DP fluids

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

As a result of my recent comments over this list server, I have received
several requests for additional information about diffusion pump fluids.
Here are the answers to those inquiries:

The chemical compositions of the oils I discussed previously are:
Octoil-S: di(2-ethylhexyl)-sebacate
DC-704: tetraphenyl-tetramethyl-trisiloxane
DC-705: pentaphenyl-trimethyl-trisiloxane
Santovac-5: mixture of five-ring polyphenylethers with MM = 454
Alcatel 220: eicosyl naphthalene

The common Krytox diffusion pump fluids are high molecular weight
perfluorinated-alkylpolyether (perfluoroalkyl ether) fluids, manufactured
by the DuPont Company, with approximately the following properties (in the
same units given previously):

MM VP BT HV
Krytox 1525 4600 1x10^-7 170 115
Krytox 1618 4300 3x10^-6 290 125
Krytox 1625 4600 3x10^-7 325 115

I would repeat, all this information, and many other goodies, can be found
in my book "Vacuum Methods in Electron Microscopy" (for info about it see:
http://www.2spi.com/catalog/books/book48.html and
http://www.bookshop.co.uk/portland/).

I might also comment that another source has indicated that Lion-S DP oil
is eicosyl naphthalene, similar to the Alcatel-200 fluid, rather than
di-(2-ethylhexyl)-sebacate, like Octoil-S.

Wilbur C. Bigelow, Prof. Emeritus
Materials Sci. & Engr., University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2136 e-mail: bigelow-at-umich.edu;
Fx:734-763-4788; Ph:734-764-3321






From: Ingber, Bruce F. :      bingber-at-commserver.srrc.usda.gov
Date: Fri, 5 Jun 1998 10:48:37 -0500
Subject: FE-SEM emitters

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Earlier I received many helpful comments regarding the different types of
SEM's. My question now is what experiences do users of FE-SEM's have with
cold cathode field emitters vs. thermal field or Schottky field emitters.
Please include comments on resolution, vacuum problems and requirements, and
interference from building and/or room environmental conditions. Samples
will include both textiles and biologicals. Thank you in advance.

Bruce F. Ingber
Bruce F. Ingber
Biologist- Electron Microscopy
USDA-ARS, SRRC
1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd.
New Orleans, LA 70124

(504) 286-4270; fax (504) 286-4419
bingber-at-nola.srrc.usda.gov




From: Ingber, Bruce F. :      bingber-at-commserver.srrc.usda.gov
Date: Fri, 5 Jun 1998 13:16:21 -0500
Subject: RE: FE-SEM emitters

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



} Earlier I received many helpful comments regarding the different types of
} SEM's. My question now is what experiences do users of FE-SEM's have with
} cold cathode field emitters vs. thermal field or Schottky field emitters.
} Please include comments on resolution, vacuum problems and requirements,
} and interference from building and/or room environmental conditions.
} Samples will include both textiles and biologicals. Thank you in advance.
}
} Bruce F. Ingber
} Biologist- Electron Microscopy
} USDA-ARS, SRRC
} 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd.
} New Orleans, LA 70124
}
} (504) 286-4270; fax (504) 286-4419
} bingber-at-nola.srrc.usda.gov
}




From: Barry, Lilith :      Lilith.Barry-at-nrc.ca
Date: Fri, 5 Jun 1998 14:51:00 -0400
Subject: Thank you

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Thank you for the replies on the microwave techniques course and
fluorescent cell membrane marker information requests.
For the people who are interested, on florescent cell membrane
labeling, DiI DiO and NBD or BODIPY-labeled phospholipids were
suggested. It was strongly recommended to refer to Molecular Probes
catalogue, which indeed is a very good source of information.
Thank you for help again,
Lilith
--------------------------

Lilith Ohannessian-Barry
NRC, IBS,
Ottawa, Ont. K1A 0R6
Tel;613-993-6460
Fax;613-941-4475
e-mail; lilith.barry-at-nrc.ca





From: FLICKEPF-at-ctrvax.vanderbilt.edu
Date: Fri, 05 Jun 1998 16:18:01 -0500 (CDT)
Subject: Rotational alignment of DIC optical system

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

What is a good procedure for rotationally aligning the upper Wollaston prism on a Zeiss microscope's DIC optical system? (By "upper" is meant the one closest to the light-source. This element is a part of the condensor assembly).

Many thanks for a workable answer.

Robley Williams
(robley.williams-at-vanderbilt.edu)




From: Ricky L Vaughn :      RLVAUGHN-at-MAIL.UNMC.EDU
Date: Fri, 05 Jun 1998 16:35:48 -0500
Subject: unsubscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html





From: Tim Booth :      TBooth-at-em.agr.ca
Date: Fri, 5 Jun 1998 19:04:49 -0500
Subject: Philips Spotscan/CCD imaging

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I am trying to use a SIS slow scan CCD (Biocam) with the Philips CM
spotscan module to image viruses at low dose. I wonder if anyone has
any experience with this combination of microscope, camera and
spot-scanning? Could you give me advice or tips as to how to do it?

Many thanks,


Dr Timothy F. Booth
Canadian Food Inspection Agency
National Centre For Foreign Animal Disease
Suite T2300 1015 Arlington St. Winnipeg
Manitoba R3E 3M4
CANADA
http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/main/lcdc/web/bmb/fedlab_e.html#toc
email tbooth-at-em.agr.ca
Tel 204 789 2022
Fax 204 789 2038






From: Tony Bruton :      bruton-at-EMU.UNP.AC.ZA
Date: Fri, 5 Jun 1998 19:04:32 -0500
Subject: 100CX Batteries

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Fellow Microscopists

A fellow called Bob was asking about innovative solutions to expensive
battery replacements in the JEOL 100CX. We posted a solution to this
on the server some time ago but couldn't have seen it. His mail will
not respond to me -

Bob - if you are out there then get in touch with me directly and I
will tell you how we tackled the same problem with great success.

Tony


Tony Bruton
Head, Centre for Electron Microscopy
University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg
Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209,
KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Tel +27 (0)331 260 5155, Home +27 (0)331 962676
Fax +27 (0)331 260 5776
email: bruton-at-emu.unp.ac.za






From: Scott-Karen-Adam-Brian Walck :      SKAB-Walck-at-worldnet.att.net
Date: Sat, 6 Jun 1998 13:19:45 -0400
Subject: Re: relaxation in TEM specimen

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0039_01BD914D.C5DC4B60
Content-Type: text/plain;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Your message was sent a few weeks ago and it took me a while to find the =
references that I wanted to send to you. You can look at the strain in =
a heterostructure with convergent beam electron diffraction analysis. =
However, several years ago, Hamish Frazier and company published some =
work in the MSA proceedings regarding the errors of doing this with CBED =
on XTEM because of surface relaxation in the sample. You should look it =
up, it was about 5-6 years ago. Doug Perovic et al. also wrote two =
excellent papers on this topic. In these papers, they modeled image of =
the layers and included the contribution of surface relaxation effects =
to the contrast in the image. I'm sure that there are other papers on =
this topic, but these are what I am readily aware of and they are very =
good. Here are the references:=20

"On the electron diffraction contrast of coherently strained =
semiconductor layers", D. D. Perovic et al., Phil. Mag. A,, 64(1), pp. =
1-28, 1991.

"On the electron microscope contrast of doped semiconductor layers," D. =
D. Perovic et al., Phil. Mag. A,, 63(4), pp. 757-784, 1991.


} microscopy-at-MSA.microscopy.com
} ----------
} From: feng-at-iris.lamel.bo.cnr.it
} To: microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
} Subject: relaxation in TEM specimen
} Date: Thursday, May 21, 1998 5:44AM
}
} =20
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------=

} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

}
} Dear Sir:
} I am now doing some strain analysis in the herostructure ( one
} called LOCOS). At the moment, I only have result based on bulk
} materials. Do
} you know some good way to take into account the relaxation in this kind
} of
} semiconductor?
}
} Thanks inadvance.
}
} Sincerely,
}
} Feng Wu
} =20

------=_NextPart_000_0039_01BD914D.C5DC4B60
Content-Type: text/html;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

{!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN"}
{HTML}
{HEAD}

{META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type} {!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 =
HTML//EN"}
{META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.71.1712.3"' name=3DGENERATOR}
{/HEAD}
{BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff}
{DIV} Your message was sent a few weeks ago and it took me a while to =
find the=20
references that I wanted to send to you.  You can look at the =
strain in a=20
heterostructure with convergent beam electron diffraction =
analysis. =20
However, several years ago, Hamish Frazier and company published some =
work in=20
the MSA proceedings regarding the errors of doing this with CBED on XTEM =
because=20
of surface relaxation in the sample. You should look it up, it was about =
5-6=20
years ago.  Doug Perovic et al. also wrote two excellent papers on =
this=20
topic.  In these papers, they modeled image of the layers and =
included the=20
contribution of surface relaxation effects to the contrast in the =
image. =20
I'm sure that there are other papers on this topic, but these are what I =
am=20
readily aware of and they are very good.  Here are the=20
references:  {/DIV}
{DIV}   {/DIV}
{DIV} "On the electron diffraction contrast of coherently strained=20
semiconductor layers", D. D. Perovic et al., {U} Phil. Mag. A, {/U} ,=20
{U} 64 {/U} (1), pp. 1-28, 1991. {/DIV}
{DIV}   {/DIV}
{DIV} "On the electron microscope contrast of doped semiconductor=20
layers,"  D. D. Perovic et al., {U} Phil. Mag. A, {/U} ,=20
{U} 63 {/U} (4), pp. 757-784, 1991. {/DIV}
{DIV}   {/DIV}
{DIV}   {/DIV}
{DIV}  > {A=20
href=3D"mailto:microscopy-at-MSA.microscopy.com"} microscopy-at-MSA.microscopy.c=
om {/A} {BR} >=20
---------- {BR} >From: {A=20
href=3D"mailto:feng-at-iris.lamel.bo.cnr.it"} feng-at-iris.lamel.bo.cnr.it {/A} {B=
R} >To:=20
{A=20
href=3D"mailto:microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com"} microscopy-at-sparc5.micros=
copy.com {/A} {BR} >Subject:=20
relaxation in TEM specimen {BR} >Date: Thursday, May 21, 1998=20
5:44AM {BR} > {BR} >=20
{BR} >-----------------------------------------------------------------=
------- {BR} >The=20
Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of=20

------=_NextPart_000_0039_01BD914D.C5DC4B60--





From: Scott-Karen-Adam-Brian Walck :      SKAB-Walck-at-worldnet.att.net
Date: Sat, 6 Jun 1998 14:39:36 -0400
Subject: Re: relaxation in TEM specimen

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0010_01BD9158.EDAC8D20
Content-Type: text/plain;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Your message was sent a few weeks ago and it took me a while to find the =
references that I wanted to send to you. You can look at the strain in =
a heterostructure with convergent beam electron diffraction analysis. =
However, several years ago, Hamish Frazier and company published some =
work in the MSA proceedings regarding the errors of doing this with CBED =
on XTEM because of surface relaxation in the sample. You should look it =
up, it was about 5-6 years ago. Doug Perovic et al. also wrote two =
excellent papers on this topic. In these papers, they modeled image of =
the layers and included the contribution of surface relaxation effects =
to the contrast in the image. I'm sure that there are other papers on =
this topic, but these are what I am readily aware of and they are very =
good. Here are the references:=20

"On the electron diffraction contrast of coherently strained =
semiconductor layers", D. D. Perovic et al., Phil. Mag. A,, 64(1), pp. =
1-28, 1991.

"On the electron microscope contrast of doped semiconductor layers," D. =
D. Perovic et al., Phil. Mag. A,, 63(4), pp. 757-784, 1991.

-Scott Walck




********************************************
Scott D. Walck, Ph.D. (Work Email: Walck-at-PPG.com)
Karen L. Walck
Adam S. Walck
Brian D. Walck=20
4718 Denbigh Ct.
Allison Park, PA 15101
(412) 492-8127
********************************************=20
} microscopy-at-MSA.microscopy.com
} ----------
} From: feng-at-iris.lamel.bo.cnr.it
} To: microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
} Subject: relaxation in TEM specimen
} Date: Thursday, May 21, 1998 5:44AM
}
} =20
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------=

} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

}
} Dear Sir:
} I am now doing some strain analysis in the herostructure ( one
} called LOCOS). At the moment, I only have result based on bulk
} materials. Do
} you know some good way to take into account the relaxation in this kind
} of
} semiconductor?
}
} Thanks inadvance.
}
} Sincerely,
}
} Feng Wu
} =20

********************************************
Scott D. Walck, Ph.D. (Work Email: Walck-at-PPG.com)
Karen L. Walck
Adam S. Walck
Brian D. Walck
4718 Denbigh Ct.
Allison Park, PA 15101
(412) 492-8127
********************************************

------=_NextPart_000_0010_01BD9158.EDAC8D20
Content-Type: text/html;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

{!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN"}
{HTML}
{HEAD}

{META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type}
{META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.71.1712.3"' name=3DGENERATOR}
{/HEAD}
{BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff}
{DIV}
{DIV} Your message was sent a few weeks ago and it took me a while to =
find the=20
references that I wanted to send to you.  You can look at the =
strain in a=20
heterostructure with convergent beam electron diffraction =
analysis. =20
However, several years ago, Hamish Frazier and company published some =
work in=20
the MSA proceedings regarding the errors of doing this with CBED on XTEM =
because=20
of surface relaxation in the sample. You should look it up, it was about =
5-6=20
years ago.  Doug Perovic et al. also wrote two excellent papers on =
this=20
topic.  In these papers, they modeled image of the layers and =
included the=20
contribution of surface relaxation effects to the contrast in the =
image. =20
I'm sure that there are other papers on this topic, but these are what I =
am=20
readily aware of and they are very good.  Here are the=20
references:  {/DIV}
{DIV}   {/DIV}
{DIV} "On the electron diffraction contrast of coherently strained=20
semiconductor layers", D. D. Perovic et al., {U} Phil. Mag. A, {/U} ,=20
{U} 64 {/U} (1), pp. 1-28, 1991. {/DIV}
{DIV}   {/DIV}
{DIV} "On the electron microscope contrast of doped semiconductor=20
layers,"  D. D. Perovic et al., {U} Phil. Mag. A, {/U} , =
{U} 63 {/U} (4),=20
pp. 757-784, 1991. {/DIV}
{DIV}   {/DIV}
{DIV} -Scott Walck {/DIV}
{DIV}   {/DIV}
{DIV}   {/DIV}
{DIV}   {/DIV}
{DIV}
{DIV}   {/DIV}
{DIV} {FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2} ******************************************** {BR} Scott D. Walck, =

Ph.D.  (Work Email:  {A=20
href=3D"mailto:Walck-at-PPG.com"} Walck-at-PPG.com {/A} ) {BR} Karen L. =
Walck {BR} Adam S.=20
Walck {BR} Brian D. Walck {/FONT}   {/DIV}
{DIV} {FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2} 4718 Denbigh Ct. {BR} Allison Park, =
PA =20
15101 {BR} (412)=20
492-8127 {BR} ******************************************** {/FONT}   {/DI=
V} {/DIV}
{DIV}  > {A=20
href=3D"mailto:microscopy-at-MSA.microscopy.com"} microscopy-at-MSA.microscopy.c=
om {/A} {BR} >=20
---------- {BR} >From: {A=20
href=3D"mailto:feng-at-iris.lamel.bo.cnr.it"} feng-at-iris.lamel.bo.cnr.it {/A} {B=
R} >To:=20
{A=20
href=3D"mailto:microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com"} microscopy-at-sparc5.micros=
copy.com {/A} {BR} >Subject:=20
relaxation in TEM specimen {BR} >Date: Thursday, May 21, 1998=20
5:44AM {BR} > {BR} >=20
{BR} >-----------------------------------------------------------------=
------- {BR} >The=20
Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of=20

Ph.D.  (Work Email:  {A=20
href=3D"mailto:Walck-at-PPG.com"} Walck-at-PPG.com {/A} ) {BR} Karen L. =
Walck {BR} Adam S.=20
Walck {BR} Brian D. Walck {/FONT}   {/DIV}
{DIV} {FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2} 4718 Denbigh Ct. {BR} Allison Park, =
PA =20
15101 {BR} (412)=20
492-8127 {BR} ******************************************** {/FONT}   {/DI=
V} {/BODY} {/HTML}

------=_NextPart_000_0010_01BD9158.EDAC8D20--





From: Khanh Tran :      khanh-at-deakin.edu.au
Date: Mon, 08 Jun 1998 12:25:09 +1000
Subject: Target material on sputter coater unit

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Enclosed for your information is the Table of Contents for the
latest issue of Micron

-------------------------------------------------------

CONTENTS LIST Date 18-MAY-1998

Journal : Micron
Volume/issue : 29/2-3, Year : 1998, ISSN : 0968-4328
Cover Date : April-June 1998

The combination of high-accelerator epoxy resin and antigen retrieval to obtain
more intense immunolabeling on epoxy sections than on LR-White sections for
large proteins
S-H Brorson

Low energy loss electron microscopy of chromosomes
MMG Barfels, X Jiang, YM Heng, AL Arsenault, FP Ottensmeyer
pp. 105-111
Experimental model to study sedimentary kidney stones
F Grases, A Llobera

Pseudo-aberration free focus condition for atomic resolution electron
microscope
images
H Hashimoto, H Endoh, M Hashimoto, ZP Luo, MF Song

The life cycle of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
T Goto, M Nakai, K Ikuta

Transmitted color and interference fringes for tem sample preparation of
silicon
JP Mccaffrey

Cryo-negative staining
M Adrian, J Dubochet, SD Fuller, JR Harris

Symmetry in the 2.25 MDa homomultimeric phosphoenolpyruvate synthase from
Staphylothermus marinus. Analyses of negatively stained preparations
G Harauz

Vesicle to micelle structural transitions involved in the interaction of
dodecylbetaine with liposomes: transmission electron microscopy and light
scattering studies
A De La Maza, L Coderch, O Lopez, JL Parra

TEM, STM and AFM as tools to study clusters and colloids
GL Hornyak, S Peschel, T Sawitowski, G Schmid


High-spatial resolution compositionally-sensitive imaging of metallic particles
using plasmon energy-loss electrons in TEM
EM Hunt, ZL Wang, ND Evans, JM Hampikian

Atomic force microscopy imaging of the growth features on the surface of rutile
F Czerwinski, JA Szpunar

The ultrastructure of yeast: Cell wall structure and formation
M Osumi

The effect of lithium treatment on collagenous tissues: an electron microscope
study
M Tzaphlidou, E Kounadi

Colour atlas of basic histology
JR Harris

The Golgi apparatus, edited by EG Berger and J Roth
JR Harris



Dear helpful readers!

I was told there are five different kinds of target available for
sputtering unit and they are Gold, Gold-Palladium, Platium, Nikel and Silver

Could anyone please explain for me about the use of these targets.

What are the advantage and disadvantage on each of them?
What are the effects on the quality of the image when we use the "wrong"
target material?
Which target material is most suitable for which kind of sample?

Any information about target material would be greatly appreciated

Thanks

Khanh Tran
Khanh Tran
Deakin University
662 Blackburn Road
CLAYTON, VIC. 3168
AUSTRALIA




From: Khanh Tran :      khanh-at-deakin.edu.au
Date: Mon, 08 Jun 1998 15:34:19 +1000
Subject: Target material on sputter coater unit

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear helpful readers!

I was told there are five different kinds of target available for the
sputtering unit and they are Gold, Gold-palladium, Platium, Nikel and silver

Could anyone please explain for me about the use of these targets.

What are the advantage and disadvantage on each of them?
What are the effects on the image when we use the "wrong" target material?
Which target is most suitable for which kind of sample?

Any information about target material would be greatly appreciated

Thanks

Khanh Tran
Khanh Tran
Deakin University
662 Blackburn Road
CLAYTON, VIC. 3168
AUSTRALIA




From: Peter Reynders :      reynders-at-merck.de
Date: Mon, 08 Jun 1998 12:34:16 +0200
Subject: Re: Target material on sputter coater unit

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello,

there are even more. Carbon, chromium, tantalum etc.

Coatings are applied to make the sample conductive. The necessary conductivity
depends on your SEM. Field-emission SEMs do not need much, so that we do not
sputter most of our samples.

The disadvantage is of course that these coatings are like covers - hiding the
underlying sample. You need a minimum thickness which is 2-3nm of Au-Pd or
8-12nm of chromium for most of our samples. The coating is often not smooth but
shows islands. The coating smoothness depends on the sputter conditions
(vacuum, sample cooling, sample rotation) and on the material. Alloys are often
better than pure metals because they do not crystallize so easily. We see Au-Pd
as a very good compromise (having more structure than Cr but needs much less
thickness).


Khanh Tran wrote:

} I was told there are five different kinds of target available for the
} sputtering unit and they are Gold, Gold-palladium, Platium, Nikel and silver
}
} Could anyone please explain for me about the use of these targets.
}
} What are the advantage and disadvantage on each of them?
} What are the effects on the image when we use the "wrong" target material?
} Which target is most suitable for which kind of sample?

Dr. Peter Reynders
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Merck KGaA - Pigments & Cosmetics Division |
| Bldg M 18, 64271 Darmstadt / Germany |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| e-mail: reynders-at-merck.de (work) reynders-at-compuserve.com (home) |
| homepage: http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/reynders/ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+






From: John Best :      jbest-at-vicon.net
Date: Sun, 07 Jun 1998 22:22:53 -0700
Subject: unsubscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Nestor,

I have enjoyed many of the SEM related discussions and have been
able to help a number of folks solve various problems via the microscopy
listserver.

Unfortuanetly, the volume of email from the listserver occasionally
causes problems for me.

I wish MSA would establish separate optical, SEM, sample prep, and
general purpose listservers.

For now, please unsubscrivbe me.

Have a nice summer all, see you in Atlanta.
--
John Best 814-669-4474
ELMDAS Co. ---} http://www.vicon.net/~jbest
P.O. Box 355, Alexandria, PA 16611




From: drose-at-wlgore.com
Date: Mon, 8 Jun 1998 11:57:09 -0400
Subject: SEM - Magnification calibration using latex microspheres

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Hello,

I am interested in any information as to the use of latex microspheres for
low mag. calibration. I am particularly interested in the shelf-life and
stability of diluted suspensions (being able to use the diluted suspension
more than one time).

TIA






From: Scott D. Davilla :      davilla-at-4pi.com
Date: Mon, 8 Jun 1998 12:50:22 -0400
Subject: Vendor Concern about MAS/MSA '98

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

First I will apologize right away to those who feel that this is
off topic for the mailing list. I feel it is important to small vendors and
those users who feel that it is important for vendor participation at
meetings.


I known that several vendors lurk this list so I want to raise a
concern about some information that has been brought to my attention. The
following is included with the general information for vendors that are
exhibiting at MAS/MSA '98:

"NOTE: All displays must be in the process of being installed by 6:00PM,
Saturday, July 11. After that time, any unattended booths with crated
displays will be set up at the discretion of M&M '98 Show Management, and
all expenses will be charged to the exhibitor. Any empty booths will be
reassigned by Show Management at 4:00PM Saturday, July 11 (without prior
written notification). All displays must be fully installed by 11:00PM
Sunday, July 12."


As a small vendor, this is totaly unacceptable and will not be
tolerated. Many small vendors routinely arrive late on Saturday and setup
on Sunday. To place such restrictions is not acceptable. I'm paying good
money and time to support the exhibition and will not be dictated to as to
when we arrive and setup. Even more so when that information arrives after
we have already made travel plans. These types of stupid restrictions are
exactly why vendor participation is decreasing.
I realize that the Show Management would like the crates removed as
soon as possible so they can install carpet and such. But to say that empty
booths will be reassigned by 4:00PM on Saturday. This is going much too far.

Scott
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Scott D. Davilla Phone: 919 489-1757 (tel)
4pi Analysis, Inc. Fax: 919 489-1487 (fax)
3500 Westgate Drive, Suite 403 email: davilla-at-4pi.com
Durham, North Carolina 27707-2534 web: http://www.4pi.com





From: Parmjit S. Flora :      pflora-at-phys.ualberta.ca
Date: Mon, 08 Jun 1998 11:07:32 -0600
Subject: oxygen/silver system

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------D933FD0EC994AE3210A1696A
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Dear Friends,


I am currently looking at the growth/ interface studies of oxygen on
silver. Does anyone know of work/ publications in this area.



regards

Parmjit



--------------D933FD0EC994AE3210A1696A
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="vcard.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for Parmjit S. Flora
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="vcard.vcf"

begin: vcard
fn: Parmjit S. Flora
n: Flora;Parmjit S.
org: University of Alberta
adr: University of Alberta, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science;;412 Avadh Bhatia Physics Laboratory;Edmonton;Alberta;T6G 2J1;Canada
email;internet: pflora-at-laser.phys.ualberta.ca
title: Dr.
tel;work: 403-492-4123
tel;fax: 403-492-0714
tel;home: 403-482-5840
x-mozilla-cpt: ;-1
x-mozilla-html: FALSE
version: 2.1
end: vcard


--------------D933FD0EC994AE3210A1696A--





From: Richard M. Plecenik (1-914-892-3270) :      rmplece-at-vnet.ibm.com
Date: Mon, 8 Jun 98 13:44:01 EDT
Subject: unsubscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html





From: drose-at-wlgore.com
Date: Mon, 8 Jun 1998 14:17:58 -0400
Subject: SEM - Magnification calibration using latex microspheres

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Hello,

I am interested in any information as to the use of latex microspheres for
low mag. calibration. I am particularly interested in the shelf-life and
stability of diluted suspensions (being able to use the diluted suspension
more than one time).

TIA






From: Doug Cromey :      doug-cromey-at-ns.arizona.edu
Date: Mon, 08 Jun 1998 11:46:43
Subject: Image Manipulation article FYI

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I came across this article in hardcopy form while waiting for a recent
dentist appointment. Its a rather longish look at ethical concerns
regarding nature photography (e.g., National Geographic, and others). It
seems microscopists aren't the only group grappling with where the fine
line is between cleaning up an image for publication and manipulating the
data.

"Photography in the Age of Falsification"
by: Kenneth Brower, Atlantic Monthly, May 1998

http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/98may/photo.htm

Yours,
Doug
.....................................................................
: Douglas W. Cromey, M.S. Dept. of Cell Biology & Anatomy :
: Sr. Research Specialist University of Arizona :
: (office: AHSC 4212A) P.O. Box 245044 :
: (voice: 520-626-2824) Tucson, AZ 85724-5044 USA :
: (FAX: 520-626-2097) (email: doug-cromey-at-ns.arizona.edu) :
:...................................................................:
http://www.pharmacy.arizona.edu/exp_path.html
Home of: "Microscopy and Imaging Resources on the WWW"





From: Bryce Mercer :      bmercer-at-willamette.edu
Date: Mon, 08 Jun 1998 12:23:06 -0700
Subject: specimen preparation TEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello! I am working on a Murdock Grant this summer and am having a
difficult time locating information on TEM specimen preparation for frog
abdominal skin. A colleague and I are studying acid toxicity of frog
epithelial tissue and need electron micrographs to observe damage done
to the tight junctions due to increased pH.
I have a few books on order, but am worried that they won't have the
information that I need. I also need to know how to adjust my buffer
systems for we are studying the ion permeability of the skin at a number
of acidic pH's.
I am using a glutaraldehyde/osmium tetraxide fixative and a Ringer's
solution for a buffer.
If you could provide me with any info, references, tips, etc. I would be
very appreciative.

Thank you,
Jessica Koivisto
jkoivist-at-willamette.edu




From: Parmjit S. Flora :      pflora-at-phys.ualberta.ca
Date: Mon, 08 Jun 1998 13:23:41 -0600
Subject: oxygen/ silver studies

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------EB0A8AC9A2353FBEE181809A
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Dear Friends,


I am currently looking at the growth/ interface studies of oxygen on
silver. Does anyone know of work/ publications in this area.



regards

Parmjit




--------------EB0A8AC9A2353FBEE181809A
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="vcard.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for Parmjit S. Flora
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="vcard.vcf"

begin: vcard
fn: Parmjit S. Flora
n: Flora;Parmjit S.
org: University of Alberta
adr: University of Alberta, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science;;412 Avadh Bhatia Physics Laboratory;Edmonton;Alberta;T6G 2J1;Canada
email;internet: pflora-at-laser.phys.ualberta.ca
title: Dr.
tel;work: 403-492-4123
tel;fax: 403-492-0714
tel;home: 403-482-5840
x-mozilla-cpt: ;-1
x-mozilla-html: FALSE
version: 2.1
end: vcard


--------------EB0A8AC9A2353FBEE181809A--





From: Parmjit S. Flora :      pflora-at-phys.ualberta.ca
Date: Mon, 08 Jun 1998 13:39:43 -0600
Subject: Re: oxygen/silver system

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------EDD5BCF57832D5CF7198CF1D
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit



Parmjit S. Flora wrote:

} Dear Friends,
}
} I am currently looking at the growth/ interface studies of oxygen on
} silver. Does anyone know of work/ publications in this area.
}
} regards
}
} Parmjit
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
}
} Parmjit S. Flora {pflora-at-laser.phys.ualberta.ca}
} Dr.
} University of Alberta
}
} Parmjit S. Flora
} Dr. {pflora-at-laser.phys.ualberta.ca}
} University of Alberta
} University of Alberta, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science Work: 403-492-4123
} 412 Avadh Bhatia Physics Laboratory Fax: 403-492-0714
} Edmonton Home: 403-482-5840
} Alberta Netscape Conference Address
} T6G 2J1
} Canada
} Additional Information:
} Last Name Flora
} First Name Parmjit S.
} Version 2.1



--------------EDD5BCF57832D5CF7198CF1D
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="vcard.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for Parmjit S. Flora
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="vcard.vcf"

begin: vcard
fn: Parmjit S. Flora
n: Flora;Parmjit S.
org: University of Alberta
adr: University of Alberta, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science;;412 Avadh Bhatia Physics Laboratory;Edmonton;Alberta;T6G 2J1;Canada
email;internet: pflora-at-laser.phys.ualberta.ca
title: Dr.
tel;work: 403-492-4123
tel;fax: 403-492-0714
tel;home: 403-482-5840
x-mozilla-cpt: ;-1
x-mozilla-html: FALSE
version: 2.1
end: vcard


--------------EDD5BCF57832D5CF7198CF1D--





From: Bede Willenbring :      Bede.Willenbring-at-HBFuller.com
Date: Mon, 08 Jun 1998 15:07:56 -0500
Subject: Tempered Glass

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone know of a way to visualize the tempering on a piece of window =
safety glass? I've tried cross sectioning followed by etching with 10% =
HFwith no indication of any differences through the thickness of the =
glass.

The only thing I've noticed so far is a difference in the fracture =
surface pattern near the edge of the glass (about 1 mm on each side). =
Near the edge a ridge pattern runs perpendicular to the glass surface =
while in the center the fractured surface is mostly smooth with some =
ridging running roughly parallel to the surface in the middle. (Total =
thickness of the glass is about 4 mm.)

Am I seeing tempering in the 1 mm of perpendicular ridges? Does anybody =
have a ball park number for how thick a surface layer is affected by the =
tempering?

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=

Bede Willenbring
Research Chemist
H.B. Fuller Company
Phone: (612)236-5470
FAX: (612)236-5430
E-mail: Bede.Willenbring-at-HBFuller.com





From: Bede Willenbring :      Bede.Willenbring-at-HBFuller.com
Date: Mon, 08 Jun 1998 16:09:21 -0500
Subject: Tempered Glass

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone know of a way to visualize the tempering on a piece of window =
safety glass? I've tried cross sectioning followed by etching with 10% =
HFwith no indication of any differences through the thickness of the =
glass.

The only thing I've noticed so far is a difference in the fracture =
surface pattern near the edge of the glass (about 1 mm on each side). =
Near the edge a ridge pattern runs perpendicular to the glass surface =
while in the center the fractured surface is mostly smooth with some =
ridging running roughly parallel to the surface in the middle. (Total =
thickness of the glass is about 4 mm.)

Am I seeing tempering in the 1 mm of perpendicular ridges? Does anybody =
have a ball park number for how thick a surface layer is affected by the =
tempering?

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=

Bede Willenbring
Research Chemist
H.B. Fuller Company
Phone: (612)236-5470
FAX: (612)236-5430
E-mail: Bede.Willenbring-at-HBFuller.com





From: Dr. Gernot Richter :      mdjt-clin-at-monmouth.com
Date: Mon, 8 Jun 1998 20:47:05 -0500
Subject: Cacodylate buffers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello everyone,

Are there any advantages to using cacodylate buffers in fixatives as
opposed to phosphate buffers? Are there any disadvantages in addition to
the toxicity of cacodylate buffers?Specifically, I am working with human
corneas. Thanks for your replies.

Dan Caruso
Medjet Inc.






From: Garber, Charles A. :      cgarber-at-2spi.com
Date: Tue, 09 Jun 98 00:35:23 -0500
Subject: Latex microspheres question/SEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

-- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --

drose-at-wlgore.com wrote the following:
===================================================
I am interested in any information as to the use of latex microspheres for
low mag. calibration. I am particularly interested in the shelf-life and
stability of diluted suspensions (being able to use the diluted suspension
more than one time).
====================================================
You did not mention whether for SEM or TEM but I will assume it is SEM.
Your question is particularly hard to answer since the surfactant systems
vary so widely but generally speaking, the big concern is if there has been
any kind of coagulation of the latex. If you shake up the vial, and don't
"see" anything floating, then it is likely that it is OK. We have had
diluted material at times years old which still seemed to be OK. We have
diluted other latex and it seems to destabilize in just a few days.

But as a word of caution, the lower the magnification, the larger the latex
sphere and the larger the sphere, the larger the expected standard deviation
and also, large spheres will become unstable faster than will small ones.

Unless you have some really out-of-the-ordinary need, you might be better
off using one of the calibrated SEM mounts made by electron beam lithography
methods, etched into silicon. You can deposit small samples on that kind of
sample which is the most useful in fact at "low magnifications" and you also
have a form of built in calibration "yardstick". It can also be recleaned
and reused.

You can see one such example on our website at URL
http://www.2spi.com/catalog/standards/stndcal1.html

We are not the only supplier for this kind of product, most of the main
suppliers of EM consumables offer their own versions which at least to the
first approximation, will do the same thing.

Disclaimer: SPI Supplies offers both calibrated microspheres and a
calibrated SEM mount, however, we do believe that for low magnification SEM
work, the calibrated SEM mount is a better choice.

Chuck

===================================================
Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com


Look for us!
############################
WWW: http://www.2spi.com
############################
==================================================




From: Sneck, Asko :      Asko.Sneck-at-neste.com
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 08:14:35 +0300
Subject: unsubscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html






From: A.P. Alves de Matos :      mtlopes-at-fc.ul.pt
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 12:00:36 +0100
Subject: TEM Cacodylate buffers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Advantages over phosphate:

1. Cacodylate stocks will keep longer, not allowing fungi to grow.=20
2. Cacodylate has aditional fixing activity of its own
3. Phosphate may originate some precipitates in some materials.

Disadvantages:
Will precipitate with uranyl acetate (as well as phosphate). So, replace =
the buffer before using uranyl acetate "in block" staining.

Dr. A.P. Alves de Matos
mtlopes-at-fc.ul.pt

----- Mensagem original -----
De: Dr. Gernot Richter [SMTP:mdjt-clin-at-monmouth.com]
Enviada em: Ter=E7a-feira, 9 de Junho de 1998 2:47
Para: Microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
Assunto: Cacodylate buffers

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America=20

Hello everyone,

Are there any advantages to using cacodylate buffers in fixatives as
opposed to phosphate buffers? Are there any disadvantages in addition to
the toxicity of cacodylate buffers?Specifically, I am working with human
corneas. Thanks for your replies.

Dan Caruso
Medjet Inc.






From: Delilah F. Wood :      wood-at-aggie.pw.usda.gov
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 05:24:36 -0700 (PDT)
Subject: Re: Cacodylate buffers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

1. If you add calcium to your fixative/buffer, cacodylate would avoid
precipitation of insoluble calcium phosphate.

2. Micro organisms do not grow in cacodylate buffer as they do in
phosphate buffer. So you must prepare fresh phosphate more
frequently...you may also store phosphate buffer in the freezer and thaw
as needed.


On Mon, 8 Jun 1998, Dr. Gernot Richter wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Hello everyone,
}
} Are there any advantages to using cacodylate buffers in fixatives as
} opposed to phosphate buffers? Are there any disadvantages in addition to
} the toxicity of cacodylate buffers?Specifically, I am working with human
} corneas. Thanks for your replies.
}
} Dan Caruso
} Medjet Inc.
}
}
}

**************************************************************************
Delilah F. Wood Tel: 510-559-5653
USDA - ARS - WRRC Fax: 510-559-5777
800 Buchanan St. Email: wood-at-pw.usda.gov
Albany, CA 94710
**************************************************************************





From: Hall, Ernest L (CRD) :      hallel-at-exc01crdge.crd.ge.com
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 08:32:42 -0400
Subject: Vendor Concerns for Microscopy and Microanalysis '98

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

First, let me apologize to the vast majority of you, who are not affected by exhibitor procedures for
Microscopy and Microanalysis '98, for bothering you with this, but Scott Davilla raised some concerns
yesterday in this forum that need a response. Hopefully this will end this discussion.

Scott was correctly objecting to a specific section of the instructions to exhibitors concerning
booth set-up times. This was inadvertently included in the M&M'98 instructions by our new Meeting
Manager and does not apply to M&M'98. Any exhibitor concerned about this or any other aspect of
M&M'98 is encouraged to contact the Meeting Manager via phone (708-361-6000), fax (708-361-6166) or
e-mail (msa-at-tradeshownet.com). We are committed to resolving all issues in a satisfactory manner.

M&M'98, sponsored by MSA and MAS, is proud of its reputation as both the premier yearly Microscopy
exhibition, and also as a meeting that cares deeply about the satisfaction of its exhibitors and
scientific attendees. Speaking for MSA, we have involved the Sustaining Members Committee in all
recent decision-making about the M&M meetings, and both MSA and MAS have members from exhibiting
companies on their governing Councils.

Any member or attendee who has concerns about any aspect of the Meeting or membership (for MSA) can
contact the Meeting Manager, the MSA Business Office, or, if that is not satisfactory, MSA Council
directly. All of these groups can be accessed from the MSA WWW site, www.msa.microscopy.com.

Finally, one point raised by Scott requires correction and clarification. Building on the great
success of M&M'96 in Minneapolis, the Cleveland meeting (M&M'97) broke all records for exhibit space
for a recent M&M meeting. It now appears that M&M'98 in Atlanta will meet or exceed the Cleveland
numbers - in fact, the Meeting Manager has just had to add 10 new booth spaces to the original plan.
So we look forward to seeing you in Atlanta for what promises to be an exciting and enriching
meeting.

Ernie Hall
Secretary, MSA




_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________
Ernest L. Hall
Manager, Microstructure and Microanalysis Program
Characterization & Environmental Technology Laboratory
GE Corporate Research and Development
Building K-1, Room 2C12
PO Box 8 (1 Research Circle)
Schenectady, NY 12301 (12309)
Phone 518-387-6677; Fax -6972; Dialcomm 8-833-6677
Email: hallel-at-crd.ge.com

%%% overflow headers %%%
Cc: "'Rebedeau, Mary Beth'" {mbrebedeau-at-aol.com} ,
"'Dowling, Annamarie'" {annamarie-at-tradeshownet.com} ,
"'budreb-at-tradeshownet.com'" {budreb-at-tradeshownet.com} ,
"Albrecht, Ralph" {rma-at-ahabs.wisc.edu} ,
"Anderson, Ronald" {anderron-at-us.ibm.com} ,
"Burke, Mary Grace" {mgburke-at-pitt.edu} ,
"Carter, Barry" {carter-at-cems.umn.edu} ,
"Erlandsen, Stan" {stan-at-lenti.med.umn.edu} ,
"Gibson, J. Murray" {j-gibson-at-uiuc.edu} ,
"Hudson, JoAn" {hjoan-at-clemson.clemson.edu} ,
"Joy, David" {djoy-at-utk.edu} ,
"Mascorro, Jose" {jmascor-at-mailhost.tcs.tulane.edu} ,
"Somlyo, Avril" {avs5u-at-virginia.edu} ,
"Williams, Dave" {DBW1-at-LEHIGH.EDU}
%%% end overflow headers %%%




From: Bede Willenbring :      Bede.Willenbring-at-HBFuller.com
Date: Tue, 09 Jun 1998 08:34:25 -0500
Subject: Tempered Glass

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone know of a way to visualize the tempering on a piece of window =
safety glass? I've tried cross sectioning followed by etching with 10% =
HFwith no indication of any differences through the thickness of the =
glass.

The only thing I've noticed so far is a difference in the fracture =
surface pattern near the edge of the glass (about 1 mm on each side). =
Near the edge a ridge pattern runs perpendicular to the glass surface =
while in the center the fractured surface is mostly smooth with some =
ridging running roughly parallel to the surface in the middle. (Total =
thickness of the glass is about 4 mm.)

Am I seeing tempering in the 1 mm of perpendicular ridges? Does anybody =
have a ball park number for how thick a surface layer is affected by the =
tempering?

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=

Bede Willenbring
Research Chemist
H.B. Fuller Company
Phone: (612)236-5470
FAX: (612)236-5430
E-mail: Bede.Willenbring-at-HBFuller.com





From: Heinz Fehrenbach :      hefeh-at-Rcs1.urz.tu-dresden.de
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 15:50:27 +0200
Subject: Re: Cacodylate buffers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello Dan,

there is an excellent review of the "buffer in EM"-problem in G. Griffith's
book "Fine structure in Immunocytochemistry", pp.57 Springer-Verlag, Berlin,
1993.

Hope that helps.

Heinz



} Hello everyone,
}
} Are there any advantages to using cacodylate buffers in fixatives as
} opposed to phosphate buffers? Are there any disadvantages in addition to
} the toxicity of cacodylate buffers?Specifically, I am working with human
} corneas. Thanks for your replies.
}
} Dan Caruso
} Medjet Inc.


***********************************************************************
Dr. Heinz Fehrenbach
Institute of Pathology
University Clinics "Carl Gustav Carus"
Technical University of Dresden

Fetscherstr. 74 Phone: ++49-351-458-5277
D-01307 Dresden Fax: ++49-351-458-4328
Germany e-mail: hefeh-at-rcs.urz.tu-dresden.de
***********************************************************************

} } For every complex problem there is a simple solution,
and that's the wrong one. { {
according to Umberto Eco






From: Renee Recker :      heyrenee-at-renorex.com
Date: Tue, 09 Jun 1998 12:07:42 -0400
Subject: Reply:Image Manipulation article FYI

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

On 6/8/98 Doug Cromey wrote:

I came across this article in hardcopy form while
waiting for a recent dentist appointment. Its a rather
longish look at ethical concerns regarding nature
photography (e.g., National Geographic, and others).
It seems microscopists aren't the only group grappling
with where the fine line is between cleaning up an
image for publication and manipulating the data.
"Photography in the Age of Falsification"
by: Kenneth Brower, Atlantic Monthly, May 1998
http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/98may/photo.htm

6/9/98 Reply:

For users of this listserv who haven't taken a speed
reading course the above linked article covers the
ethics of artistic license when applied to nature
photography within this era of digital enhancement. I
color microscans professionally and can easily
understand the article's application to microscopy.

1-when does a digitally manipulated image become a
fake.
2-how far do you go to satisfy the public's appetite
for exciting images.
3-artistic expression - adding and subtracting from the
image.
4-should a picture be labeled as digitally enhanced.
5-digital capabilities, is it progress or over the top.

Evidently when ethics are discussed, philosophical gray
areas arise. I absolutely, without question,
appreciate the importance of resolution and accuracy
in the microscopist' work. However, I do believe
colored scans provide entertaining education to the
public. The public may not pick up on black and white
photos and therefore it not available. Sometimes we
don't know what color the microscopic specimens are and
I am concerned about their representation. But, brown
and gray is not appealing. I am also concerned about
adding or subtracting parts of a subject in a microscan
to gain a balanced composition. I have avoided the
temptation. To lighten and darken really helps. It is
now possible to do anything to an image; turn it inside
out and spin it around in 3-D animation. I hope ethical
discussions continue in order to provide the best
scientific communication possible. Photographic digital
enhancement is able satisfy public taste and how we use
it is exciting new territory for communication,
education, and art. All subjects that cannot be
controlled but you can watch carefully.

Renee

........................................................................................

Renee Recker Digital Design
Communication Design for Biologists
Web, Graphic, and Colored Microscans
16 West 16th St.
NYC, NY 10011
212-675-1665
heyrenee-at-renorex.com
http://www.renorex.com







From: Gib Ahlstrand :      giba-at-puccini.crl.umn.edu
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 11:36:21 -0500
Subject: Re: Cacodylate buffers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Responding to the message of {Pine.SUN.3.96.980609052113.24561A-100000-at-aggie}
from "Delilah F. Wood" {wood-at-aggie.pw.usda.gov} :

SNIP!

} 2. Micro organisms do not grow in cacodylate buffer as they do in
} phosphate buffer.

SNIP!

One would certainly think so. However, I've noticed that 0.2 M caco. buffer,
pH=7.0, after long storage times (I'm looking at a bottle of 100 ml mixed up two
years ago) accumulates a bit of fluffy stuff at the bottom that is a mid-tone
grey in color, but not a solid black. It kinda looks like fungal stuff, like the
stuff that will grow in phosphate buffer after extended times, but I've not
checked into it. I do not use such contaminated buffer in any preps I do.

Has anybody else noticed this, and if so got any idea what it is? Should I add
0.02% sodium azide as a preservative?

Thanks for any insight you can give,





Gib Ahlstrand, Minnesota Micoscopy Society Newsletter Editor
Electron Optical Facility, University of Minnesota, Dept. Plant Pathology
495 Borlaug Hall, St. Paul, MN. USA. 55108 (612)625-8249
612-625-9728 FAX, giba-at-puccini.crl.umn.edu

"Theory and practice are the same in theory, but different in practice."





From: Sara Miller :      saram-at-acpub.duke.edu
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 13:31:00 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Cacodylate buffers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We routinely use cacodylate buffer for glutaraldehyde and osmium because
it gives a finer grain than phosphate.

Do remember that if you use uranyl acetate en bloc, you need to wash out
the cacodyoate or the phosphate before adding the uranium because it is
not soluble, and small precipitates will make the image very grainy. We
use uranyl acetate in veronal acetate buffer; thus, we wash once in
phosphate buffer after osmium, then twice (15-20 min each wash) with
veronal buffer before adding the stain. Some folks use aqueus uranyl
acetate.


Sara E. Miller, Ph. D.
P. O. Box 3020
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, NC 27710
Ph: 919 684-3452
FAX: 919 684-8735





From: bozzola-at-siu.edu (John J. Bozzola)
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 12:45:39 -0600
Subject: Re: Cacodylate buffers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



Gib Ahlstrand made the following observations:

} } } } } } } } accumulates a bit of fluffy stuff at the bottom that is a mid-tone
} grey in color, but not a solid black. It kinda looks like fungal stuff,
} like the
} stuff that will grow in phosphate buffer after extended times, but I've not
} checked into it. I do not use such contaminated buffer in any preps I do.
}
} Has anybody else noticed this, and if so got any idea what it is? Should
} I add
} 0.02% sodium azide as a preservative?

I have found the material to be fungal (light microscopy) in most cases.
Sometimes, however, no hyphae may be encountered but simply amorphous
material suggesting some chemical reaction (oxidation/reduction) taking
place with the arsenate buffer.

I would hesitate to add azide as it is a potent poison and may affect
ultrastructure - especially of mitochondria. Also, therte are the dangers
of pouring azide down the drain (formation of explosive lead azide with
plumbing solder).





####################################################################
John J. Bozzola, Ph.D., Director
Center for Electron Microscopy
Neckers Building, Room 146 - B Wing
Southern Illinois University
Carbondale, IL 62901
U.S.A.
Phone: 618-453-3730
Fax: 618-453-2665
Email: bozzola-at-siu.edu
Web: http://www.siu.edu/departments/shops/cem.html
####################################################################






From: michael shaffer :      mshaf-at-darkwing.uoregon.edu
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 10:53:12 -0700
Subject: another Reply:Image Manipulation ...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Renee Recker asks ...
}
} On 6/8/98 Doug Cromey wrote:
}
} regarding ...
} "Photography in the Age of Falsification"
} by: Kenneth Brower, Atlantic Monthly, May 1998
} http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/98may/photo.htm
}
} 6/9/98 Reply:
}
} ... I color microscans professionally and can easily
} understand the article's application to microscopy.
}
} 1-when does a digitally manipulated image become a
} fake.
} 2-how far do you go to satisfy the public's appetite
} for exciting images.
} 3-artistic expression - adding and subtracting from the
} image.
} 4-should a picture be labeled as digitally enhanced.
} 5-digital capabilities, is it progress or over the top.
}
} Evidently when ethics are discussed, philosophical gray
} areas arise. ...

If I were to condense the article and the points you make (... or maybe
its the questions you raise ...), it would come down to the layman's
perceptions of "photography" ... and the degree we are all ignorant. I
think we all tend to put too much weight on photography being a "window
on reality". It is true that many photographer's have given us accurate
photos and have truly documented reality. On the other hand, because
the digital darkroom has provided more tools, doesn't mean the ethical
issues are all of a sudden more important ... after all, the "unsharp
mask" was originally created in the darkroom. It has always been
possible to remove complexity, if the photographer wanted the viewer to
focus on a specific object. And, it has always been possible to remove
specific objects and skew a population. Therefore, one point is that it
is easier now, but digital tools are not the problem.
If I wanted to make any point in particular it is that our faith in
photography should be shaken only enough to ask questions. That having
been said, it therefore follows the photographer be available for
questions. It is interesting in this context how much more easily we
can communicate with computer tools, but I don't necessarily mean
photographers distribute their e-mail addresses with all their work (...
altho that is one aspect of making yourself available ...). A more
important aspect of being available for questions is simply accepting
other peoples' doubts because photography is NOT reality ... that is,
don't take it personally if someone questions your window on reality.

... my $0.02 :o)

cheerios, shAf

{} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ cogito, ergo zZOooOM /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {}
Michael Shaffer, R.A. - http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~mshaf/
Geological Science's Electron Probe Facility - University of Oregon
mshaf-at-darkwing.uoregon.edu or mshaf-at-oregon.uoregon.edu






From: Gerroir, Paul J :      Paul.Gerroir-at-crt.xerox.com
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 13:59:36 -0400
Subject: Cryo-transfer stage for FEG-SEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I am interested in purchasing a cryo-transfer stage for our JEOL 6300F
SEM and as far as I know there are just two major manufacturers: Oxford
and Emitech. As well as your valued comments any information regarding
the interchangability of such systems with other microscopes would be
appreciated.

Thanks,
Paul Gerroir




From: Sara Miller :      saram-at-acpub.duke.edu
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 14:07:37 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Cacodylate buffers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Bugs *will* grow in cacodylate, particularly fungus. You can add a
minute pinch of sodium azide to prevent unwanted growth in any buffer.
We just throw in a few grains into 1 liter--like about a 1 mm pile on the
end of a small spatula. If you need to measure to check your pile the
first time, the azide should be about 0.002 M.

Remember this stuff is toxic to people as well as bugs, don't eat it!

Sara E. Miller, Ph. D.
P. O. Box 3020
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, NC 27710
Ph: 919 684-3452
FAX: 919 684-8735





From: Mark N. Rand :      mnr-at-saul.u.washington.edu
Date: Tue, 09 Jun 1998 11:35:47 -0700
Subject: LM help: antibody labeling in physiology cell chamber

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This question might have been addressed previously, but unfortunately
there doesn't seem to be a CGI-based search engine for the MSA archives
and there isn't time to download them all and search with a text
processor.

I'm doing physiological studies of cultured cells using an inverted
microscope. The cells are plated on a coverslip which forms the bottom
of a laminar flow chamber. The upper part of the chamber is plastic
(polycarbonate, I believe) and the coverslip is sealed to it using a
small bead of vacuum grease. At the end of my experiments I need to
perform Ab identification of the cells that were measured using ion
indicator dyes. I'd like to apply the antibodies (primary and secondary;
for intracellular as well as extracellular antigens) in the chamber
immediately after the experiment and record the Ab-labelled image for
comparison with the ion indicator dye images. I don't want to use
aldehydes to fix the tissue because I'm worried about residual aldehyde
contamination of the chamber. I'm aware of several options, each with
drawbacks:

1. Plate the cells on CELLocate coverslips from Eppendorf (or the
equivalent from Bellco), then at the end of the experiment remove the
coverslip from the chamber, fix as usual in aldehydes, apply Abs, etc.
and relocate the same field of cells using the coverslip coordinates.
The problem is that the amount of coverslips sold per minimum order is
probably far more than I'd ever need, and they're rather expensive. Does
anyone know of another supplier? Alternatively, I heard that Leica once
made a small diamond knife mounted to a microscope objective "blank";
this could be moved into place underneath a coverslip by rotating the
lens turret and then raised until it just touched the glass. The knife
tip was slightly off-center, and it could be rotated by turning the
collar on the barrel of the "objective" to inscribe a circle on the
coverslip. Does anyone know about this device, or whether something like
it is still available?

2. At the end of the experiment fix the cells in the chamber using cold
methanol or acetone, apply Abs, etc. One problem I would anticipate is
fairly severe shrinkage of the cells with these fixatives, probably to
the point where a 1-to-1 image comparison would involve a degree of
imagination on the part of a skeptical viewer. I'm not concerned with
the ultrastructure of the tissue, which I know can be adversely affected
by methanol or acetone. Several questions come to mind, however. I
assume that using methanol or acetone would avoid problems of
contaminating the plastic chamber for subsequent use with live tissue,
but this might be erroneous; any comments? How might I keep the
coverslip cold during the period of fixation on the microscope stage?
Is it necessary to maintain a low temperature, or can the tissue come to
room temperature during fixation (about 15 minutes)? Note: It would be
important not to move the stage during the procedure.


Any alternative ideas for solving this problem would be greatly
appreciated.


Thanks in advance,



Mark N. Rand, Ph.D.





From: Doug Bray :      bray-at-HG.ULETH.CA
Date: Tue, 09 Jun 1998 12:09:48 -0600
Subject: re:Cacodylate buffer

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


--------------B5DE30F19B7B987A899BE57B
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

SNIP!

} 2. Micro organisms do not grow in cacodylate buffer as they do in
} phosphate buffer.

SNIP!

One would certainly think so. However, I've noticed that 0.2 M caco.
buffer,
pH=7.0, after long storage times (I'm looking at a bottle of 100 ml
mixed up two
years ago) accumulates a bit of fluffy stuff at the bottom that is a
mid-tone
grey in color, but not a solid black. It kinda looks like fungal stuff,
like the
stuff that will grow in phosphate buffer after extended times, but I've
not
checked into it. I do not use such contaminated buffer in any preps I
do.

Has anybody else noticed this, and if so got any idea what it is?
Should I add
0.02% sodium azide as a preservative?

Thanks for any insight you can give,

Gib Ahlstrand


There is a short article published in Stain Technology, vol. 55
#3,1980, pp 191-192, that states that the fungus is Penicillium
stoloniferum, a common labatory contaminant.
Doug Bray

--------------B5DE30F19B7B987A899BE57B
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

{HTML}


{P} SNIP!

{P} } 2. Micro organisms do not grow in cacodylate buffer as they do in
{BR} } phosphate buffer.

{P} SNIP!

{P} One would certainly think so. However, I've noticed that 0.2 M caco.
buffer,
{BR} pH=7.0, after long storage times (I'm looking at a bottle of 100 ml
mixed up two
{BR} years ago) accumulates a bit of fluffy stuff at the bottom that is
a mid-tone
{BR} grey in color, but not a solid black. It kinda looks like fungal stuff,
like the
{BR} stuff that will grow in phosphate buffer after extended times, but
I've not
{BR} checked into it. I do not use such contaminated buffer in any preps
I do.

{P} Has anybody else noticed this, and if so got any idea what it is? 
Should I add
{BR} 0.02% sodium azide as a preservative?

{P} Thanks for any insight you can give,

{P} Gib Ahlstrand
{BR}  

{P} There is a short article published in Stain Technology,  vol. 55
#3,1980, pp 191-192, that states that the fungus is {I} Penicillium stoloniferum {/I} ,
a common labatory contaminant.
{BR} Doug Bray {/HTML}

--------------B5DE30F19B7B987A899BE57B--





From: beth-at-dogwood.botany.uga.edu (Beth Richardson)
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 16:39:10 -0500
Subject: air purifiers (for a darkroom)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I just wanted to thank all the people who wrote and warned me about ozone
generators. The majority recommended better ventilation or use of a HEPA
and charcoal activated filter system. I'd like to share with you some of
the information that I received:
*****
I just read your post. Do not use an ozone generator in a room you
are occupying! They generate toxic levels of ozone, which if you are
already somewhat sensitive to chemicals can make you worse. They
should only be used to kill mold or destroy other alergens in an
unoccupied room, then turned off and the room vented well before
being occupied. To run while you are in a lab or darkroom, I'd use a
charcoal and HEPA filter such as an Envirocaire or Austinaire that I
use in my office and bedroom respecively. Cost about $300-400 for a
good one, or $3000 for a whole-lab air purification system.
*****
Ozone generators are a health risk. Please
refer to the following link
http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/ozonegen.html"} EPA- "Ozone generators
that are sold as air cleaners"
*****
Do not use anything that would create OZONE in a darkroom. I worked with
photographic based geophysical plotting systems back in the 80's and some
people placed OZONE producing equipment in the darkrooms. This OZONE would
cause the silver on boards to tarnish and cause circuit falured in equipment
placed within the rooms.

Try HEPA filters first and also do not have airducts blowing directly across
the top of equipment. The standard difusers did not work properly and some
people would place shields at the bottom of the air difusors so the air would
blow toward the walls...
*****
I'm doubtful about ozone; granted that you will probably not approach the
levels once often found in Los Angeles smog, I would prefer to avoid
introducing it intentionally. You might have a little sulfur dioxide from
the fixer, and the main thing ozone would do would be to convert it to
sulfur trioxide, which becomes sulfuric acid.

Effective ventilation would probably be less expensive than good HEPA
filtration, and a lot more helpful.
*****
Ozone generator? We have a problem with excess ozone on our building (high
voltage units, fluorescent ballasts, etc) rotting everything made of
rubber (pipette bulbs, tubing, latex gloves, you name it).

Best bet for sensitivity to chemicals is to have an exhaust system (like
the hood over a cooking range) to completely remove the chemicals rather
than trying to oxidize them. If you are alergic to powdered chemicals, the
HEPA might help but fumes will not be removed without using activated
charcoal. If you have a unit with both HEPA and activated charcoal, that
would do it.
*****
Again, thanks! I hope to see many of you at MSA!
best regards,
beth

**************************************
Beth Richardson
EM Lab Coordinator
Botany Department
University of Georgia
Athens, GA 30602

Phone - (706) 542-1790
FAX - (706) 542-1805
Email - beth-at-dogwood.botany.uga.edu
**************************************






From: Mcnally,James :      McnallyJ-at-dce41.nci.nih.gov
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 17:20:59 -0400
Subject: Job Opening

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Position available for a 3D Light Microscopist. This individual will oversee
the day-to-day operation of a microscopy facility housed in the Laboratory of
Receptor Biology and Gene Expression within the National Cancer Institute. The
facility will include a confocal microscope, a deconvolution-based microscope
and a third instrument yet to be decided, possibly a two-photon microscope or a
high-speed low-light level imaging system. The successful candidate will become
involved in collaborative research activities with users of this
instrumentation, and will play a key role in future decisions to upgrade the
facility. Responsibilities of the position will include the assistance and
training of users, preventive maintenance of the equipment, and organization of
the facility. Candidates must have an ability to work well with biologists and
should possess superior organizational skills. Hands-on experience in either
confocal or deconvolution microscopy or both is highly desirable. Experience
with computers and image processing is also a plus. Candidates with a Ph.D. are
preferred. The position is permanent civil service, GS 11/12, $39-61K annual
salary. Reply to this message (mcnallyj-at-dce41.nci.nih.gov) with inquiries.




From: Susanne Stemmer :      stemmer-at-uic.edu
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 17:10:07 -0600
Subject: Postdoc Positions

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



{excerpt}

{fontfamily} {param} Times {/param} {bigger} {bigger} {bigger} POSTDOCTORAL
POSITIONS IN INTERFACE PHYSICS


DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO

{/bigger}


Three postdoctoral positions are available in the Interface Physics
Group at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC). Research in the
Interface Physics Group focuses on the use atomic resolution imaging
and analytical techniques in electron microscopy, coupled with
theoretical simulations, to determine the structure-property
relationships at internal interfaces on the fundamental atomic scale.=20
Current research programs involve ceramics, high-Tc superconductors and
optoelectronic/high-power semiconducting materials and devices. The
experimental facilities to perform this research are comprehensive: a
JEOL 2010 Field-Emission STEM/TEM featuring a 1.4=C5 probe size, "drift
free" stage, high-angle annular dark-field detector (Z-contrast), Gatan
Imaging Filter, and Noran EDS; a VG HB501A Field-Emission dedicated
STEM with EDS, EELS and Auger spectrometers; a JEOL 3010 conventional
TEM with digital imaging capabilities and EDS; a JEOL 6320
=46ield-Emission SEM with EDS and Cathodoluminescence; a JEOL JXA733
microprobe; and a Topometrix AFM/STM. In addition to the electron
microscopes, specimen preparation facilities include a Gatan Duo-mill,
=46ischione precision ion-mill, SouthBay plasma cleaner and Leica
Ultramicrotome. The Interface Physics Group has a Silicon Graphics
R10000 Power Indigo workstation with a Molecular Simulations' Cerius 2
package incorporating the CASTEP pseudopotential code. The physics
department has additional workstations and access to the UIC Convex
Exemplar Supercomputer and the National Center for Supercomputing
Applications at UIUC. The three research positions are as follows:



(I) Atomic Resolution Analysis of Defects in Ionic Conductors


This position is a joint postdoctoral appointment with Professor
Susanne Stemmer in the Department of Physics at UIC. Research
performed by the successful candidate for this position will involve
the investigation of grain boundaries and defect structures in ionic
and mixed ionic/electronic conducting oxide ceramics. The aim of the
program is to incorporate experimental results into comprehensive
atomic scale models for ionic/electronic transport in these materials.=20
It is anticipated that this position will involve a significant amount
of industrial collaboration.



(II) Atomic Resolution Studies of Defects in GaN


This position is a joint postdoctoral appointment with Dr Stephen
Pennycook in the Solid State Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
(ORNL). The successful candidate for this position will be based at
UIC to make full use of the extensive MBE and film characterization
facilities, but have access to the 300kV VG STEM at ORNL with its 1.26
=C5 probe and soon to be installed PEELS system for imaging and
spectroscopy of dislocation core structures. The main aim of this work
is to develop an atomic scale understanding of the nucleation
mechanisms and electronic properties of dislocations in GaN and related
materials. =20



(III) Grain Boundaries in High-Tc Superconductors


This position is a joint postdoctoral appointment with Dr Stephen
Pennycook in the Solid State Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
(ORNL). The successful candidate for this position will be based at
ORNL to make full use of the extensive facilities for fabrication and
characterization of high-Tc materials. The main aim of this research
is to investigate the structure-property relationships at grain
boundaries and defects in YBCO, correlating atomic resolution imaging
and EELS with macroscopic transport properties. This will involve
close collaboration with growth groups in the Solid State Division and
focus on two areas: acceptor/donor doped grain boundaries and defects
in the RABiTs materials.



Successful candidates will be recent Ph.D. graduates in physics,
metallurgy, or materials science with a sound background in the
relevent materials issues and an ambition to be part of a developing
program pushing at the frontiers of interface physics. Please send a
resume and publication list to Professor Nigel D. Browning at the
address below. Prior experience in STEM or TEM is essential. =20
However, consideration will be based on the candidates overall
potential for success in the field and applicants with prior experience
in related fields are encouraged to apply. Positions are for one year
initially, normally renewed for a second year with possibilities
existing for further years. Salary is commensurate with experience.=20
UIC is an equal opportunity employer.




Nigel D. Browning,

Department of Physics (M/C 273),

University of Illinois at Chicago,

845 West Taylor Street,

Chicago. IL 60607-7059. USA


e-mail: Browning-at-uic.edu

tel: (312) 413-8164

fax: (312) 996-9016 =20

{/bigger} {/bigger} {/fontfamily}




{/excerpt}






From: Susanne Stemmer :      stemmer-at-uic.edu
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 19:38:07 -0600
Subject: postdoc positions

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

{fontfamily} {param} Times {/param} {bigger} {bigger} {bigger} POSTDOCTORAL
POSITIONS IN INTERFACE PHYSICS


DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO

{/bigger}


Three postdoctoral positions are available in the Interface Physics
Group at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC). Research in the
Interface Physics Group focuses on the use atomic resolution imaging
and analytical techniques in electron microscopy, coupled with
theoretical simulations, to determine the structure-property
relationships at internal interfaces on the fundamental atomic scale.=20
Current research programs involve ceramics, high-Tc superconductors and
optoelectronic/high-power semiconducting materials and devices. The
experimental facilities to perform this research are comprehensive: a
JEOL 2010 Field-Emission STEM/TEM featuring a 1.4=C5 probe size, "drift
free" stage, high-angle annular dark-field detector (Z-contrast), Gatan
Imaging Filter, and Noran EDS; a VG HB501A Field-Emission dedicated
STEM with EDS, EELS and Auger spectrometers; a JEOL 3010 conventional
TEM with digital imaging capabilities and EDS; a JEOL 6320
=46ield-Emission SEM with EDS and Cathodoluminescence; a JEOL JXA733
microprobe; and a Topometrix AFM/STM. In addition to the electron
microscopes, specimen preparation facilities include a Gatan Duo-mill,
=46ischione precision ion-mill, SouthBay plasma cleaner and Leica
Ultramicrotome. The Interface Physics Group has a Silicon Graphics
R10000 Power Indigo workstation with a Molecular Simulations' Cerius 2
package incorporating the CASTEP pseudopotential code. The physics
department has additional workstations and access to the UIC Convex
Exemplar Supercomputer and the National Center for Supercomputing
Applications at UIUC. The three research positions are as follows:



(I) Atomic Resolution Analysis of Defects in Ionic Conductors


This position is a joint postdoctoral appointment with Professor
Susanne Stemmer in the Department of Physics at UIC. Research
performed by the successful candidate for this position will involve
the investigation of grain boundaries and defect structures in ionic
and mixed ionic/electronic conducting oxide ceramics. The aim of the
program is to incorporate experimental results into comprehensive
atomic scale models for ionic/electronic transport in these materials.=20
It is anticipated that this position will involve a significant amount
of industrial collaboration.



(II) Atomic Resolution Studies of Defects in GaN


This position is a joint postdoctoral appointment with Dr Stephen
Pennycook in the Solid State Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
(ORNL). The successful candidate for this position will be based at
UIC to make full use of the extensive MBE and film characterization
facilities, but have access to the 300kV VG STEM at ORNL with its 1.26
=C5 probe and soon to be installed PEELS system for imaging and
spectroscopy of dislocation core structures. The main aim of this work
is to develop an atomic scale understanding of the nucleation
mechanisms and electronic properties of dislocations in GaN and related
materials. =20



(III) Grain Boundaries in High-Tc Superconductors


This position is a joint postdoctoral appointment with Dr Stephen
Pennycook in the Solid State Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
(ORNL). The successful candidate for this position will be based at
ORNL to make full use of the extensive facilities for fabrication and
characterization of high-Tc materials. The main aim of this research
is to investigate the structure-property relationships at grain
boundaries and defects in YBCO, correlating atomic resolution imaging
and EELS with macroscopic transport properties. This will involve
close collaboration with growth groups in the Solid State Division and
focus on two areas: acceptor/donor doped grain boundaries and defects
in the RABiTs materials.



Successful candidates will be recent Ph.D. graduates in physics,
metallurgy, or materials science with a sound background in the
relevent materials issues and an ambition to be part of a developing
program pushing at the frontiers of interface physics. Please send a
resume and publication list to Professor Nigel D. Browning at the
address below. Prior experience in STEM or TEM is essential. =20
However, consideration will be based on the candidates overall
potential for success in the field and applicants with prior experience
in related fields are encouraged to apply. Positions are for one year
initially, normally renewed for a second year with possibilities
existing for further years. Salary is commensurate with experience.=20
UIC is an equal opportunity employer.




Nigel D. Browning,

Department of Physics (M/C 273),

University of Illinois at Chicago,

845 West Taylor Street,

Chicago. IL 60607-7059. USA


e-mail: Browning-at-uic.edu

tel: (312) 413-8164

fax: (312) 996-9016 =20

{/bigger} {/bigger} {/fontfamily}






From: Lucille Giannuzzi :      lag-at-pegasus.cc.ucf.edu
Date: Tue, 9 Jun 1998 22:34:47 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: double tilt cold stage holder needed for EM430

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


We have need for a double tilt - low background - cold stage for a Philips
EM430 TEM. If anyone knows of one that someone is willing to part
with, for free or otherwise, please contact me.

Thanks.


*******************************************************************
Lucille A. Giannuzzi, Ph.D.

Associate Professor
Mechanical, Materials & Aerospace Engineering
University of Central Florida
4000 Central Florida Blvd., PO Box 162450
Orlando, FL 32816-2450
phone: 407 823-5770,fax: 407 823-0208
lag-at-ucf.edu

Director, UCF/Cirent Materials Characterization Facility
12443 Research Parkway, Suite 305
Orlando, FL 32826
phone: 407 275-4354 fax: 407 275 4321
*********************************************************************





From: Ellis, Sarah :      s.ellis-at-pmci.unimelb.edu.au
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 13:45:39 +1000
Subject: Fixing and processing cell colonies grown between agar sheets.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi!

Can you help us? A student is growing very small colonies of cells and
she wishes to view their ultrastructure. There are about 50 cells per
colony and about 4 colonies per 3cm polystyrene petri dish. Our problem
is that the colonies are growing between two layers of agar. The bottom
layer is 0.5% agar in PBS and the top layer is 0.33% agar in PBS. The
colonies break up and float away during processing and the agar just
moves around. The colonies are not attached/embedded in the agar.
We have tried (1)cutting around the colonies and sucking the whole lot
up (agar + colony) and treating it as a pellet but the cells are
impossible to find in the resin, and (2)we have tried to just gently
fix the mass and process it as a whole but we end up with no cells as
the colony breaks up and the cells disperse.
Is there anyone out there who could offer a suggestion.
Thanks

Sarah Ellis


Research Division
Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute
Locked Bag #1
A'Beckett Street
Melbourne, Victoria 3000
Australia

Phone 61-3-9656 1244
Fax 61-3-96561411
Email s.ellis-at-pmci.unimelb.edu.au {mailto:s.ellis-at-pmci.unimelb.edu.au}






From: GAO Yu Hua :      gyh-at-image.blem.ac.cn
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 12:13:06 -0700 (PDT)
Subject: signoff Microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


signoff Microscopy








From: Xiwei Chen :      chenxw-at-tmmu.edu.cn
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 13:11:02 +0800
Subject: job opening

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html







From: Xiwei Chen :      chenxw-at-tmmu.edu.cn
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 13:12:23 +0800
Subject: job opening

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html







From: Lauran Oomen :      oomen-at-nki.nl
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 09:05:11 +0200 (MET DST)
Subject: LM: Image analysis on color images

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear All,
One of our users intends to do image analysis on color images, taken from
histological sections, immunostained with DAB together with an other
chromogen like for instance NBT or Fast Red.
Since we are aware of the fact that we may encounter problems when
comparing images taken at different days or even at different time points
during a session (lamp-intensity and -color fluctuations, exposure time
etc., etc.) we would welcom ANY comments and suggestions from people
already doing this kind of analysis.
ALL information on:
* the camera system used
* (automatic) correction for possible differences in imaging conditions
* the image analysis software used
* and other points which may be important
is greatly appreciated.
Many thanks in advance.
Lauran Oomen
*****------------------------**********----------------------------*****
Lauran Oomen, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Dept. Biophysics (H-0)
Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
oomen-at-nki.nl, TEL +31-20-5121898, FAX +31-20-5121893
WWW page: http://www.nki.nl/nkidep/biofys/microscopy/digmiclo.htm





From: Steven E. Slap :      ebs-at-ebsciences.com
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 98 07:12:28 -0400
Subject: Re: Cryo-transfer stage for FEG-SEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear fellow microscopists,

Paul Geroir asked:
} I am interested in purchasing a cryo-transfer stage for our JEOL 6300F
} SEM and as far as I know there are just two major manufacturers: Oxford
} and Emitech. As well as your valued comments any information regarding
} the interchangability of such systems with other microscopes would be
} appreciated.

In addition to Oxford and Emitech, VG Microtech manufactures an SEM
cryopreparation system as part of its "Polaron Range" of EM specimen
preparation instrumentation. If any of you are interested in additional
information, please e-mail me your postal address, and I will be pleased
to send you current literature on this product.

One of these systems is currently resident in the applications lab at
JEOL UK. I will be organizing a cryo-preparation seminar at JEOL USA
later this year, and will let the group know the details once they have
been firmed up.

Best regards,
Steven E. Slap, Vice-President


********************************
Energy Beam Sciences, Inc.
The Laboratory Microwave Company
http://www.ebsciences.com
********************************





From: Miller.David :      miller-at-niehs.nih.gov
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 08:13:26 -0400
Subject: Postdoctoral Position Available

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

POSTDOCTORAL POSITION - RENAL CELL PHYSIOLOGY
I have an opening for a Postdoctoral Fellow in my laboratory available after
October 1, 1998. The research is concerned with the cellular and molecular
biology of renal xenobiotic excretion. We use a variety of techniques
including, isolated renal proximal tubules, renal cells in culture,
fluorescent substrates and confocal microscopy to follow substrates across
epithelial cells and to characterize the processes involved and the signal
transduction pathways regulating transport. Candidates should have a Ph.D.
or M.D. degree, less than 5 years postdoctoral experience and a background
in cellular physiology, membrane transport or renal physiology. This is a
non-tenure track position (NIH IRTA Fellow).

_____________________________
Dr. David S. Miller
Laboratory of Pharmacology & Chemistry
NIH/NIEHS
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709

miller-at-niehs.nih.gov
919 541 3235




From: Bob Rowntree :      browntre-at-slonet.org
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 08:43:44 -0500
Subject: Help in Identifying an old optical microscope

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Pls pass to archivists/historians.

I am an emeritus member of OSA.

I have an old brass microscope, with two eyepieces and three objectives. I
have had it since my childhood and my memory is that my father had used it
in college/high school, in Seattle c. 1916-1924, and that it was second
hand at that time. Since he was an economist, he did not use it
professionally (no, he was not a microeconomist).
The microscope has engraved on it's base, in large letters, "A. S. Aloe &
Co, St. Louis, Mo." It also has, in a different font, "Diagnostician,"
which I take to be the model name of the instrument. There are no other
identifying marks that I can discern on the body/base. The eyepieces and
two of the objectives are stamped "A.S. Aloe," the third objective is
inscribed "Gundlach Optical Co, Rochester N.Y." Because this third
objective appears to be of the same form/fit/function/material/finish as
the other two, my suspicion is that Aloe was a distributor and Gundlach
was the manufacturer, but the evidence is weak.
I would greatly appreciate any suggestions for tracing the history of this
instrument, and particularly if there is any record of an A.S. Aloe & Co.
in St. Louis, and a Gundlach Optical Co. in Rochester, both in the late
1800's or early in this century.
Thx for your attention, and help.

Robert. F. Rowntree

Bob & Esther Rowntree
808 Murray Ave
San Luis Obispo, CA 93405
(805)549-9107






From: William Tivol :      tivol-at-wadsworth.org
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 09:46:37 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: another Reply:Image Manipulation ...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Michael,

[skip]
} It has always been
} possible to remove complexity, if the photographer wanted the viewer to
} focus on a specific object. And, it has always been possible to remove
} specific objects and skew a population.

Not to mention that by varying the f-stop, speed, or lighting
conditions the original photograph can be chosen to highlight what the
photographer wants.
Yours,
Bill Tivol




From: rschoonh-at-sph.unc.edu (Robert Schoonhoven)
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 10:14:43 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time)
Subject: reply- LM: Image analysis on color images

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Lauran,

I routinely use an image analysis system to do exactly what you describe below.
So here are the specifics:

* the camera system used
For the last 6 years I've used the Sony DXC-151 CCD/RGB camera which exports the
image directly into the frame grabber board in my computer. It should be noted
that the system I use is compatible with just about any kind of camera system
and I often work with images that were made with other camera systems (both
digital and video) which are on diskettes in tiff or jpeg format.

* (automatic) correction for possible differences in imaging conditions
Corrections for different conditions can be made either directly after the image
is 'grabbed' or while setting the color thresholds, most of the time I've found
that it's really not necessary.

* the image analysis software used
BioQuant TCW by:
R&M Biometrics
5611 Ohio Ave.
Nashville, TN 37209
615-350-7866

They have a web site, search for bioquant.com

Cost (including computer) is under US$30,000

* and other points which may be important
Make sure that the system you get is open ended enough so that other
applications such as densitometry, stenography, area and line measurements etc.
can also be performed. You might
be surprised at how much you will want to use these additional applications.
Also, it should be
relatively simple to transfer the collected data to a spreadsheet. BQ does all
of the preceding.

No Suggestions I am simply a very satisfied customer and have no financial or
business interest in R&M Biometrics


-- Begin original message --


Dear All,
One of our users intends to do image analysis on color images, taken from
histological sections, immunostained with DAB together with an other
chromogen like for instance NBT or Fast Red.
Since we are aware of the fact that we may encounter problems when
comparing images taken at different days or even at different time points
during a session (lamp-intensity and -color fluctuations, exposure time
etc., etc.) we would welcom ANY comments and suggestions from people
already doing this kind of analysis.
ALL information on:
* the camera system used
* (automatic) correction for possible differences in imaging conditions
* the image analysis software used
* and other points which may be important
is greatly appreciated.
Many thanks in advance.
Lauran Oomen
*****------------------------**********----------------------------*****
-- End original message --


regards,
Bob
Robert Schoonhoven
Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis
Dept. of Environmental Sciences and Engineering
University of North Carolina
CB#7400
Chapel Hill, NC 27599
Phone
office 919-966-6343
Lab 919-966-6140
Fax 919-966-6123

**I'm willing to make the mistakes if someone else is willing to learn from
them**






From: William Tivol :      tivol-at-wadsworth.org
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 10:06:54 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Fixing and processing cell colonies grown between agar sheets.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Sarah,
}
} Can you help us? A student is growing very small colonies of cells and
} she wishes to view their ultrastructure. There are about 50 cells per
} colony and about 4 colonies per 3cm polystyrene petri dish. Our problem
} is that the colonies are growing between two layers of agar. The bottom
} layer is 0.5% agar in PBS and the top layer is 0.33% agar in PBS. The
} colonies break up and float away during processing and the agar just
} moves around. The colonies are not attached/embedded in the agar.
} We have tried (1)cutting around the colonies and sucking the whole lot
} up (agar + colony) and treating it as a pellet but the cells are
} impossible to find in the resin, and (2)we have tried to just gently
} fix the mass and process it as a whole but we end up with no cells as
} the colony breaks up and the cells disperse.
} Is there anyone out there who could offer a suggestion.

I am most certainly not an expert on this, but could you try cut-
ting around the colonies, cooling the dish to 0 C (to harden the agar, but
not freeze the cells or medium), then extract the agar + cells? If this
gives you the intact colony between the agar layers, you could then trim
away some of the agar. Good luck.
Yours,
Bill Tivol




From: MICHAEL DELANNOY :      delannoy-at-welchlink.welch.jhu.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 10:34:00 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Cacodylate buffers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Gernot,
Cacodylate is probably one of the most cytoplasmic extracting
buffers where as pbs or phosphate is better but must be replaced before
osmication. My rule is PBS or phosphate buffers for immuno-EM and
cacodylate for standard fixations. Check out Hyat or Glauret's text
series on fixation/buffers.

Mike D.





From: Margaret Springett :      hukee.margaret-at-mayo.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 09:55:23 -0600
Subject: Re: Fixing and processing cell colonies grown between agar sheets.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America


}
} Dear Sarah,
} }
} } Can you help us? A student is growing very small colonies of cells and
} } she wishes to view their ultrastructure. There are about 50 cells per
} } colony and about 4 colonies per 3cm polystyrene petri dish. Our problem
} } is that the colonies are growing between two layers of agar. The bottom
} } layer is 0.5% agar in PBS and the top layer is 0.33% agar in PBS. The
} } colonies break up and float away during processing and the agar just
} } moves around. The colonies are not attached/embedded in the agar.
} } We have tried (1)cutting around the colonies and sucking the whole lot
} } up (agar + colony) and treating it as a pellet but the cells are
} } impossible to find in the resin, and (2)we have tried to just gently
} } fix the mass and process it as a whole but we end up with no cells as
} } the colony breaks up and the cells disperse.
} } Is there anyone out there who could offer a suggestion.
}
} I am most certainly not an expert on this, but could you try cut-
} ting around the colonies, cooling the dish to 0 C (to harden the agar, but
} not freeze the cells or medium), then extract the agar + cells? If this
} gives you the intact colony between the agar layers, you could then trim
} away some of the agar. Good luck.
} Yours,
} Bill Tivol


Margaret Springett
e-mail hukee.margaret-at-mayo.edu
IEM Specialist at Mayo Foundation
1426 Guggenheim
Rochester, Mn. 55905






From: Stuart Kearns :      stuart.kearns-at-bris.ac.uk
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 16:44:21 +0100 (British Summer Time)
Subject: SEM - Slow scan image digitiser

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Folks,

We are looking to upgrade our Cambridge S250 SEM with a
slow scan image digitiser. Specifically we are looking for
a system to grab the image from the photo tube at fairly
high resolution (at present we can only grab at video res
from the internal digital image store which does not work
for BSE images). I do not think we can afford a system
which controls the beam scan itself - besides this is
probably beyond our requirements.

If anybody has recently acquired such a system and has an
opinion on what is best or how to go about it I would be
grateful.

Please reply to me direct and I will provide the list with
a summary.

Many thanks,

Stu

P.S. This morning's headline in the Independent newspaper
in the UK:

"...at 4:30pm today a man will kick a ball"
----------------------
Stuart Kearns
stuart.kearns-at-bris.ac.uk





From: Mary Mager :      mager-at-interchg.ubc.ca
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 09:16:47 -0700
Subject: SEM accessories

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Friends,
I was disappointed last year when Victawet, the release agent I used on my
carbon evaporator, was taken off the market because the manufacturers didn't
want to deal with the safety labeling issues, so I was told. I had found
Victawet a very effective release agent, and I have to clean my bell jar
quite frequently in our busy SEM/EDX lab. I have been using the spray-on
release agents since then and I find them expensive and very ineffectual,
making the bell-jar cleaning process a long, hard scrub. Last month, in
frustration, I lathered up my hands with the bar soap I keep at my sink and
smeared it inside my bell-jar. I figured it couldn't be worse than the
spray-on. It worked beautifully! Yesterday I wiped it with a wet sponge and
everything lifted off with no effort. It does not seem to affect the high
vaccuum performance and you can't beat the price. Makes me wonder what I
have been spending all my scarce money on all this time.

Regards,
Mary

Mary Mager
Electron Microscopist
Metals and Materials Engineering
University of British Columbia
6350 Stores Road
Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4
CANADA
tel: 604-822-5648
fax: 604-822-3619
e-mail: mager-at-interchange.ubc.ca





From: Lou Ann Miller :      lamiller-at-uiuc.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 11:59:01 -0600
Subject: Ballot for CSMS/MIKMAS -- Fax # correction

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

For those Microscopists in the Midwest, the Ballot sent out this week
has an incorrect Fax return # on it.

Correct # for faxing Lou Ann: 217-244-1652

Sorry about that!

Ballots can viewed on the CSMS home page.

Lou Ann




From: LouAnn Miller :      lamiller-at-uiuc.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 12:23:03 -0600
Subject: CSMS/Ballot--- Fax # Correction

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

To all Midwest microscopists in Central States or MIKMAS societies.

The Ballot sent out this week had an incorrect fax #.

The correct Fax # for Lou Ann is: 217-244-1652

Thanks,

Lou Ann

***************************************-at-redfoot
Lou Ann Miller
Center for Microscopy & Imaging
College of Veterinary Medicine
Dept. of Veterinary Biosciences
University of Illinois
Rm 1108 Basic Sciences Bld
2001 S Lincoln Ave.
Urbana, Illinois 61802

Phone: 217-244-1566
Fax: 217-244-1652
email: lamiller-at-uiuc.edu

Center for Microscopy & Imaging Home page:
http://www.cvm.uiuc.edu/MicImagLab/MicImagLab.html

Central States Microscopy Society:
http://www.cvm.uiuc.edu/Homepages/LouAnnMiller/CSMS/csms.html

Personal Home Pages:
http://www.cvm.uiuc.edu/Homepages/LouAnnMiller/LAM.html






From: Stuart Kearns :      stuart.kearns-at-bris.ac.uk
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 18:30:49 +0100 (British Summer Time)
Subject: SEM: slow scan digitiser

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Hi Folks,

We are looking to upgrade our Cambridge S250 SEM with a
slow scan image digitiser. Specifically we are looking for
a system to grab the image from the photo tube at fairly
high resolution (at present we can only grab at video res
from the internal digital image store which does not work
for BSE images). I do not think we can afford a system
which controls the beam scan itself - besides this is
probably beyond our requirements.

If anybody has recently acquired such a system and has an
opinion on what is best or how to go about it I would be
grateful.

Please reply to me direct and I will provide the list with
a summary.

Many thanks,

Stu

P.S. This morning's headline in the Independent newspaper
in the UK:

"...at 4:30pm today a man will kick a ball"

----------------------
Stuart Kearns
stuart.kearns-at-bris.ac.uk





From: Crossman, Harold :      Crossman-at-osi.sylvania.com
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 14:52:30 -0400
Subject: RE: slow scan digitiser

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Data Translation (http://www.datx.com) sells a slow scan board, the
DT3152. It accepts just about any video signal. Setting it up for
analog X-Y rasters can be a chore but the images (up to 4Kx4K I believe)
are very good.

Harold J. Crossman
OSRAM SYLVANIA INC.
Lighting Research Center
71 Cherry Hill Dr.
Beverly, MA 01915
(978) 750-1717
crossman-at-osi.sylvania.com





From: bozzola-at-siu.edu (John J. Bozzola)
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 14:56:25 -0600
Subject: Re: Fixing and processing cell colonies grown between agar sheets.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Sarah,

You might try first infiltrating the cells and agar in situ with a protein
like bovine serum albumin (or possibly gelatin) and then fixing the entire
petri dish contents by gently overlaying some 4% glutaraldehyde. The glut
should not mix with the albumin but should layer on top of it. Allow this
to stand for several hours. The glut will diffuse into the albumin, cross
link it to a firm configuration that you will be able to cut with a razor
blade into cubes. You will probably have to re-fix the blocks that you
initially trim out to firm them up even more. An additional hour in glut
should do this.

You should experiment with this first to get the times and proper
concentrations of protein, but we used it successfuly a number of years
ago. You might even use microwaving to accelerate the fixation.

A second possibility would be to do a freeze substitution fixation. But
this will be more complicated. Try the easier one first.

Keep us all informed as to your results.



} Can you help us? A student is growing very small colonies of cells and
} she wishes to view their ultrastructure. There are about 50 cells per
} colony and about 4 colonies per 3cm polystyrene petri dish. Our problem
} is that the colonies are growing between two layers of agar. The bottom
} layer is 0.5% agar in PBS and the top layer is 0.33% agar in PBS. The
} colonies break up and float away during processing and the agar just
} moves around. The colonies are not attached/embedded in the agar.
} We have tried (1)cutting around the colonies and sucking the whole lot
} up (agar + colony) and treating it as a pellet but the cells are
} impossible to find in the resin, and (2)we have tried to just gently
} fix the mass and process it as a whole but we end up with no cells as
} the colony breaks up and the cells disperse.

####################################################################
John J. Bozzola, Ph.D., Director
Center for Electron Microscopy
Neckers Building, Room 146 - B Wing
Southern Illinois University
Carbondale, IL 62901
U.S.A.
Phone: 618-453-3730
Fax: 618-453-2665
Email: bozzola-at-siu.edu
Web: http://www.siu.edu/departments/shops/cem.html
####################################################################






From: Jaci Lett :      jmlett-at-cid.wustl.edu
Date: 10 Jun 98 16:48:29 -0500
Subject: TEM - considering a new scope

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

We're considering the feasibility of purchasing a new transmission scope and
are gathering info to decide initially which styles and makes of scopes would be
most appropriate for our needs. We currently have a Phillips 300 which works
beautifully (thanks to Mark Huller, our excellent local Phillips service tech),
however, we've become aware that replacement parts are quickly becoming unavailable
in the event of a major repair. Since the institute is planning construction
of a new research building, it only makes sense to plan the purchase of a new
scope as well.

To date, all our specimens have been biological in nature and analyses
involving EELS, X-ray, diffraction, etc are not likely (but not outside the realm of
possibility). Usage isn't expected to be particularly heavy (although that is also
certainly subject to change). We've made the usual paper prints from our
negatives but more recently have simply scanned the negs and "processed" them using
Adobe Photoshop. Ideally, should the technology be adequate, we would like the
capability to electronically capture the images directly from the scope as well
as continue with conventional darkroom techniques.

Should anyone have any suggestions or recommendations with regards to
manufacturers, models, and imaging capability and quality, I'd be grateful.
Communications may be sent directly to me.

Thanks,

Jaclynn M. Lett, Research Assistant

jmlett-at-cid.wustl.edu

Central Institute for the Deaf
Center for the Study of the Biology of Hearing and Deafness
818 S. Euclid Ave.
St. Louis, MO 63110




From: Earl Weltmer :      earlw-at-pacbell.net
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 15:40:11 -0700
Subject: Re: SEM - Slow scan image digitiser

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Stuart Kearns wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Hi Folks,
}
} We are looking to upgrade our Cambridge S250 SEM with a
} slow scan image digitiser. Specifically we are looking for
} a system to grab the image from the photo tube at fairly
} high resolution (at present we can only grab at video res
} from the internal digital image store which does not work
} for BSE images). I do not think we can afford a system
} which controls the beam scan itself - besides this is
} probably beyond our requirements.
}
} If anybody has recently acquired such a system and has an
} opinion on what is best or how to go about it I would be
} grateful.
}
} Please reply to me direct and I will provide the list with
} a summary.
}
} Many thanks,
}
} Stu
}
} P.S. This morning's headline in the Independent newspaper
} in the UK:
}
} "...at 4:30pm today a man will kick a ball"
} ----------------------
} Stuart Kearns
} stuart.kearns-at-bris.ac.uk
I've been evaluting GW's "printerface". Works great for the money.

Earl Weltmer




From: MIKE ROCK :      merock-at-du.edu
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 16:59:05 -0600 (MDT)
Subject: neurexin Ab source

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Is anyone out there working with an antibody to neurexin?
if so is there a commercial source? Linscott's did not have any listed.
TIA
-Mike





From: H.BRINKIES :      hbrinkies-at-lucy.cc.swin.edu.au
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 09:47:00 +0000
Subject: Re: SEM accessories

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Yes Mary,

I think you have wasted your money by buying in the past special
cleaning agents. I have been in the EM field for more years than I
like to remember (} 35 years). I have never used any special cleaning
agents and clean the bell yar of the evaporator after usage
with alcohol and paper towels. I experienced no problems and the
bell yar is as clean as it was when we bought the unit.

Hans Brinkies
Swinburne, University of Technology
School of Engineering and Science
P.O.Box 218
HAWTHORN. Vic. - 3174 - Melbourne, Australia




From: H.BRINKIES :      hbrinkies-at-lucy.cc.swin.edu.au
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 09:58:17 +0000
Subject: Re: Help in Identifying an old optical microscope

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Robert,

try http://library.utmb.edu/scopes/welcome.htm

they have a very good section on historical microscopes.

Hans Brinkies
Swinburne, University of Technology
School of Engineering and Science
P.O.Box 218
HAWTHORN. Vic. - 3174 - Melbourne, Australia
Hans G Brinkies
Senior Lecturer
Swinburne, University of Technology
School of Engineering and Science
Electron Microscopy
Hawthorn, 3122, Melbourne - Australia




From: Jim Darley :      jim-at-proscitech.com.au
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 11:10:44 +1000
Subject: Re: SEM accessories - release agent

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Funny that Mary. I've been applying a thin coating of detergent, well dried
before use, on vacuum bell jars for about 30 years. Neither did I invent
that particular wheel: The Girl Guides have used soap/detergent on the
outside of saucepans to help with the clean-up for at least 60 years. Which
Journal would publish such a simple gem? Thanks to the microscopy server.
Cheers
Jim Darley

ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
Phone +61 7 4774 0370 Fax: +61 7 4789 2313
Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
**************************** www.proscitech.com.au *****




} Dear Friends,
} I was disappointed last year when Victawet, the release agent I used on my
} carbon evaporator, was taken off the market because the manufacturers
didn't
} want to deal with the safety labeling issues, so I was told. I had found
} Victawet a very effective release agent, and I have to clean my bell jar
} quite frequently in our busy SEM/EDX lab. I have been using the spray-on
} release agents since then and I find them expensive and very ineffectual,
} making the bell-jar cleaning process a long, hard scrub. Last month, in
} frustration, I lathered up my hands with the bar soap I keep at my sink and
} smeared it inside my bell-jar. I figured it couldn't be worse than the
} spray-on. It worked beautifully! Yesterday I wiped it with a wet sponge and
} everything lifted off with no effort. It does not seem to affect the high
} vaccuum performance and you can't beat the price. Makes me wonder what I
} have been spending all my scarce money on all this time.
}
} Regards,
} Mary
}
} Mary Mager
} Electron Microscopist
} Metals and Materials Engineering
} University of British Columbia
} 6350 Stores Road
} Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4
} CANADA
} tel: 604-822-5648
} fax: 604-822-3619
} e-mail: mager-at-interchange.ubc.ca
}
}





From: COURYHOUSE-at-aol.com
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 21:39:47 EDT
Subject: Re: Help in Identifying an old optical microscope

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Gundlach is the mfr!
Good scope!
Wish it was in our collection!

Take a photo, scan it and share it with all of us!


Ed sharpe, archivist smecc




From: Garber, Charles A. :      cgarber-at-2spi.com
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 98 21:34:49 -0500
Subject: Availability of Victawet®

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

-- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --

Mary Mager wrote:
===============================================
I was disappointed last year when Victawet, the release agent I used on my
carbon evaporator, was taken off the market because the manufacturers didn't
want to deal with the safety labeling issues, so I was told. I had found
Victawet a very effective release agent, and I have to clean my bell jar
quite frequently in our busy SEM/EDX lab. I have been using the spray-on
release agents since then and I find them expensive and very ineffectual,
making the bell-jar cleaning process a long, hard scrub. Last month, in
frustration, I lathered up my hands with the bar soap I keep at my sink and
smeared it inside my bell-jar. I figured it couldn't be worse than the spray
-on. It worked beautifully! Yesterday I wiped it with a wet sponge and
everything lifted off with no effort. It does not seem to affect the high
vacuum performance and you can't beat the price. Makes me wonder what I have
been spending all my scarce money on all this time.
==================================================
I can assure you that Victawet® is very much alive and well, or at least it
is here at SPI where we have what we project to be a lifetime supply. And
so far as I know, it is also available from our competitors, such as Ladd
Research and perhaps from others. There are different "grades" and there
are different ways of preparing it, so the end product itself might not be
the same in appearance.

You can find Viactawet listed on our website.

This product is indeed one of those items that once you use it, it is almost
impossible to imagine life with out it. And for the price of a 5 gm vial,
which is not that much more in cost than that of several bars of soap, you
get what would be a near life time supply for many laboratories.

Your point that there are alternatives to Victawet is well taken. But there
are other applications, such as serving as a release agent for carbon films
and Pt/C replicas for which so far as I know there are no alternatives.

Chuck

===================================================
Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com


Look for us!
############################
WWW: http://www.2spi.com
############################
==================================================




From: Manuela Finke :      M.Finke-at-bristol.ac.uk
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 23:01:33 -0500
Subject: Cryo-ultra mocrotomes -handbook-

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear all,

I need the instruction manual for the Cryo-ultra mocrotomes
- LKB I and
- LKB II
Does anybody know where I can get them?
Unfortunately, the company LKB does not exist any more, so
I do not know who I can contact.
Any help will be highly appriciated. Thank you very much in
advance.

Manuela

----------------------
Manuela Finke
University of Bristol
Department of Oral and Dental Science
Dental Materials and Biomaterials Group
Lower Maudlin Street
Bristol BS1 2LY
tel:0117/9284537
fax:0117/9284780
e-mail:M.Finke-at-bris.ac.uk






From: lag-at-pegasus.cc.ucf.edu (Lucille A. Giannuzzi)
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 23:00:47 -0500
Subject: EM430 double tilt cold stage holder needed

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


We have need for a double tilt - low background - cold stage for a Philips
EM430 TEM. If anyone knows of one that someone is willing to part
with, for free or otherwise, please contact me.

Thanks.

*************************************************************************
Lucille A. Giannuzzi, Ph.D.

Associate Professor
Dept. of Mechanical, Materials, and Aerospace Eng.

Director, Cirent/UCF Materials Characterization Facility
President, Florida Society for Microscopy

University of Central Florida phone (407) 823-5770
PO Box 162450 fax (407) 823-0208
4000 Central Florida Blvd. email lag-at-pegasus.cc.ucf.edu
Orlando, FL 32816-2450 USA MCF (407) 275-4354
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
"Good judgement comes from experience.

Experience comes from making bad judgement."

Mark Twain
*************************************************************************






From: Manuela Finke :      M.Finke-at-bristol.ac.uk
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 09:07:02 +0000 (Greenwich Standard Time)
Subject: Cryo-ultra mocrotomes -handbook-

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear all,

I need the instruction manual for the Cryo-ultra mocrotomes
- LKB I and
- LKB II
Does anybody know where I can get them?
Unfortunately, the company LKB does not exist any more, so
I do not know who I can contact.
Any help will be highly appriciated. Thank you very much in
advance.

Manuela


----------------------
Manuela Finke
University of Bristol
Department of Oral and Dental Science
Dental Materials and Biomaterials Group
Lower Maudlin Street
Bristol BS1 2LY
tel:0117/9284537
fax:0117/9284780
e-mail:M.Finke-at-bris.ac.uk





From: Manuela Finke
Date: 11 June 1998 11:16
Subject: Cryo-ultra mocrotomes -handbook-

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Manuela

I assume that you mean the LKB 14800 cryokit (when you say LKB I). This was
the basic grey plastic box without foam insulation and some of the
cryo-tools. I have the instructions which I could photocopy and mail to you
in a few days time - please let me know.

However I don't know what you mean by cryo-ultramicrotome LKB II - is this
just the updated grey box or do you mean the Cryo-Nova? In any event I can't
help with that.

Have you tried contacting Leica UK (tel. 01908 666 663) who took over from
Cambridge Instruments who took over from Reichert.

Malcolm Haswell
Electron Microscopy
School of Health Sciences
University of Sunderland
Sunderland SR1 3SD
UK
tel 0191 515 2872
----------

Dear all,

I need the instruction manual for the Cryo-ultra mocrotomes - LKB I and -
LKB II Does anybody know where I can get them?
Unfortunately, the company LKB does not exist any more, so I do not know who
I can contact. Any help will be highly appriciated. Thank you very much in
advance.

Manuela

----------------------
Manuela Finke
University of Bristol
Department of Oral and Dental Science
Dental Materials and Biomaterials Group
Lower Maudlin Street
Bristol BS1 2LY
tel:0117/9284537
fax:0117/9284780
e-mail:M.Finke-at-bris.ac.uk





From: dpurdy-at-capitalnet.com
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 08:14:11 -0500
Subject: W.T.B. WILD/LEICA PHOTO AND/OR BINOCULAR TUBE

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
by cap2.capitalnet.com (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id IAA07709
for {Microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com} ; Thu, 11 Jun 1998 08:09:40 -0400 (EDT)
Message-Id: {3.0.2.32.19980611081411.00a39584-at-capitalnet.com}
X-Sender: dpurdy-at-capitalnet.com
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.2 (32)


About six months ago, I posted a message on this group indicating I was
searching for a used phototube for a Wild M7A or M3Z stereomicroscope. I
was also searching for an inclined binocular tube for either the M7A or M3Z.

I am still looking for these two parts. If anyone has a spare unit in good
condition they would like to sell please reply to this message with a
description, price and your location.

Thank you,


Dan Purdy
Ottawa
Canada

tel: (613) 741-2031
fax: (613) 741-0511








From: Bob Lawrence :      a402aa-at-email.sps.mot.com
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 05:10:45 -0700
Subject: Re: another Reply:Image Manipulation ...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Gentlefolk,

As usual in all scientific work, the integrity, education,
background and reputation of the individual generating the images is the
bottom line when it comes to "truth" contained within the images, or any
other work one does. The characteristics aren't exclusive, a "good"
scientist can still make judgmental and emotional errors, but one has to
start somewhere. If the images contain information that is clear and
well documented I don't see that it is terribly important to know
exactly how they were generated ( except possibly from the point of view
of replicating the work).







From: Jim Darley :      jim-at-proscitech.com.au
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 22:48:57 +1000
Subject: Re: Cryo-ultra mocrotomes -handbook-

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Manuela, LKB was bought out by Leitz (as was Reichert) and they renamed
themselves "Leica" - not after the Russian space-dog, but the best early
35mm camera. I believe that Leica, if you find the right person, can and
will help.
Jim Darley

ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
Phone +61 7 4774 0370 Fax: +61 7 4789 2313
Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
**************************** www.proscitech.com.au *****

}
} Dear all,
}
} I need the instruction manual for the Cryo-ultra mocrotomes
} - LKB I and
} - LKB II
} Does anybody know where I can get them?
} Unfortunately, the company LKB does not exist any more, so
} I do not know who I can contact.
} Any help will be highly appriciated. Thank you very much in
} advance.
}
} Manuela
}
} ----------------------
} Manuela Finke
} University of Bristol
} Department of Oral and Dental Science
} Dental Materials and Biomaterials Group
} Lower Maudlin Street
} Bristol BS1 2LY
} tel:0117/9284537
} fax:0117/9284780
} e-mail:M.Finke-at-bris.ac.uk
}
}
}





From: wesleysm-at-biology.und.ac.za (James Wesley-Smith)
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 15:26:33 +-200
Subject: Cryogens (yet again!)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Forgive my ignorance, but if the freezing point of isopentane is 113 K and
that of propane is 84 K, how come a mixture of these freezes at
temperatures below 77 K (boiling LN2)?

Thanks you.



James Wesley-Smith
EM Unit
University of Natal
Durban
South Africa





From: Jaci Lett :      jmlett-at-cid.wustl.edu
Date: 11 Jun 98 09:03:01 -0500
Subject: apology--re: return receipt

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

An apology to all--

I recently posted a message to the listserver and it has come to my attention
that I'd inadvertently turned on the "return receipt" feature of my email program
(a feature which hasn't seemed to work to this point), consequently filling my
mailbox with return notifications. If this has caused any congestion in the
operation of the listserver, I'm truly sorry.

Jaclynn Lett

jmlett-at-cid.wustl.edu




From: Nathan Haese :      nathan_haese-at-CompuServe.COM
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 10:48:38 -0400
Subject: EM: James Wesley-Smith, Cryogens, Freezing point depression, ice cream

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
by hil-img-8.compuserve.com (8.8.6/8.8.6/2.12) id KAA02206
for Microscopy-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com; Thu, 11 Jun 1998 10:49:08 -0400 (EDT)

On June 11, 1998 James Wesley-Smith wrote:

"Forgive my ignorance, but if the freezing point of isopentane is 113 K a=
nd

that of propane is 84 K, how come a mixture of these freezes at =

temperatures below 77 K (boiling LN2)?"

Reply:

Mixtures have lower freezing points due to "freezing point depression." =

The familiar example is mixing salt and water to give a brine solution at=

-15 deg C, used for making ice cream.

In the Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, a table shows that depressions
of 50 to 100 degrees C are common in mixtures of organic molecules. So,
this is likely why isopentane and propane together freeze below 77K, just=
7
degrees below propane.

[If you want to get quantitative, arm yourself with the freezing point
depression constant for either of these compounds. You can then calculat=
e
the freezing point of the mixture. Ref. "Physical Chemistry" by WJ Moore=
]

Cheers,

Nathan Haese
Walnut Creek, California
Nathan_Haese-at-compuserve.com




From: Mriglermas-at-aol.com
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 10:59:44 EDT
Subject: MSA Golf Tourney Registration Reminder

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

--part0_897577184_boundary
Content-ID: {0_897577184-at-inet_out.mail.aol.com.1}
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII

The MSA Golf Tourney will be held on July 12 at 9:00 am at the Atlanta
International Golf course. Attached is the registration form in Word 97 .doc
format. Call Mark Rigler at 800-421-8451 if you need additional info.

Thanks

Mark Rigler
MAS
Norcross, GA

--part0_897577184_boundary
Content-ID: {0_897577184-at-inet_out.mail.aol.com.2}
Content-type: application/octet-stream;
name="MSAGOLF.DOC"
Content-transfer-encoding: base64
Content-disposition: inline
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--part0_897577184_boundary--




From: Alan Templeton :      templea-at-sbu.ac.uk
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 16:24:26 +0000
Subject: SEM - problems with magnetic interference

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anybody know of a manufacturer or supplier of magnetic field
containment loops. We are having problems with our Hitachi S-800FE
SEM - getting possible structurally transmitted magnetic interference
from lab two floors up. Our SEM is located in a basement with the
structural columns (steel reinforced concrete) directly above and to the
side of the SEM. Interference manifests itself in the form of CRT
screen "wobble" of set frequency especially noticable at high mag
(} x3K). Equipment in other lab determined to be the source of the
problem is a Microwave plasma reactor (interference occurs when
heater is on) and an Electro-cyclotron resonance (ECR) instrument.
Need urgent help.Cheers
Dr Alan Templeton
Centre for Physical Electronics and Materials
SEEIE
South Bank University
103 Borough Road, London
SE1 0AA
TEL 44 171 815 7521 /7571
FAX 44 171 815 7599
email templea-at-sbu.ac.uk




From: Patrice Abell-Aleff :      abellaleff.patrice-at-mayo.edu
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 10:22:43 -0600
Subject: Need help with skin biopsies for Ehlers Danlos

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear all,

Our laboratory has recently started receiving a few skin biopsies to screen
by EM for evidence of Ehlers Danlos disease. This is a new entity for us
therefore, we have no guidelines in place for proper evaluation. What are
the observations by LM? I have seen examples of the ultrastructural
alterations of the collagen fibrils but am wondering how much of the
collagen is affected, overall? Any feedback would be greatly appreciated!

Pat


Patrice Abell-Aleff
Electron Microscopy Core Facility
Mayo Clinic
200 1st Street SW
Rochester, Minnesota 55905
e-mail: abellaleff.patrice-at-mayo.edu
phone: 507-284-3148 fax: 507-284-9349






From: Mriglermas-at-aol.com
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 11:47:51 EDT
Subject: MSA GOLF TOURNEY TIF FILE

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

--part0_897580071_boundary
Content-ID: {0_897580071-at-inet_out.mail.aol.com.1}
Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII

For those of you who cannot pull up the MSA registration form in the Word
format, I have attached a tif file for your download. Call me if you have a
problem at 800-204-6402.

Thanks

Mark Rigler
MAS, Inc
Norcross, GA

--part0_897580071_boundary
Content-ID: {0_897580071-at-inet_out.mail.aol.com.2}
Content-type: image/tiff;
name="MSAGOLF.TIF"
Content-transfer-encoding: base64
Content-disposition: inline
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--part0_897580071_boundary--




From: Warren Straszheim :      wesaia-at-iastate.edu
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 11:29:58 -0500
Subject: Re: Cryogens (yet again!)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

At 03:26 PM 6/11/98 +-200, you wrote:

} Forgive my ignorance, but if the freezing point of isopentane is 113 K and
} that of propane is 84 K, how come a mixture of these freezes at
} temperatures below 77 K (boiling LN2)?
}
Granted that dissolving a solid like salt in a solution leads to freezing
point depression. However, I think the freezing point depression in this
case might be better compared to a solution of two miscible liquids. I am
used to the phenomenon being discussed with application to metals. A
solution of tin and lead is liquid below the freezing points of the
individual metals. With a "eutectic" mixture you encounter the maximum
freezing point depression. I suppose the same principle applies here, even
though the compounds are normally liquids (or even gases) at 'normal'
conditions.

Warren





From: Tony Garratt-Reed :      tonygr-at-MIT.EDU
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 14:08:59 -0400
Subject: Re: SEM - problems with magnetic interference

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We bought our system from

Spicer Consulting
10 Wentworth Drive
Bedford MK41 8BB
UK

Phone (+44)/(0) 234-346419

It was actually sold at the time by Agar in the UK and by Ted Pella in the US.

This was something like 6 years ago, and I cannot vouch for how up-to-date
this information is. I can tell you though, that it does work!

Tony Garratt-Reed



At 04:24 PM 6/11/98 +0000, you wrote:
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America


Anthony J. Garratt-Reed
MIT Room 13-1027
77 Massachusetts Avenue
Cambridge, MA 02139-4307
United States of America

Ph: 617-253-4622
Fax: 617-258-6478





From: John F. Mansfield :      jfmjfm-at-engin.umich.edu
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 16:23:23 -0400
Subject: Hotel Rooms for M&M98

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi there,
Just a quick note to let everyone know that they should send in their
registrations as soon as possible for hotel rooms in Atlanta. For those of
you who practice "brinkmanship" and leave everything to the last minute, I
would like to warn you that there is an NAACP conference in the city from
the 7th to the 19th of July and so the hotel rooms downtown are hard to
come by and also there is a fairly large convention at the Merchandize Mart
too. I didnt get my hotel resrvations in to the convention bureau and so
had to make my own reservations and some of the hotels are saying they are
fully booked. This of course doesnt mean that the convention center doesnt
have a large block of rooms held for us, but it does mean that you should
make reservations asap.
If you have troubles the following hotels are near the Georgia World
Congress Center:

Atlanta Hilton and Towers
The Ritz Carlton Atlanta
The Howard Johson Suites
The Confort Inn Downtown
The Best Western American Hotel

or you can check:

http://www.acvb.com/ac_stay.asp

Just a reminder.....

John F. Mansfield


Note new Area Code (734)

John Mansfield
North Campus Electron Microbeam Analysis Laboratory
417 SRB, University of Michigan
2455 Hayward, Ann Arbor MI 48109-2143
Phone: (734) 936-3352 FAX (734) 936-3352
Cellular Phone: (734) 715-2510
(Leaving a phone message at 936-3352 is preferable to 715-2510)
Email: jfmjfm-at-engin.umich.edu
URL: http://emalwww.engin.umich.edu/people/jfmjfm/jfmjfm.html
Location: Lat. 42=B0 16' 48" Long. 83=B0 43' 48"




From: Michael A. O'Keefe :      maokeefe-at-lbl.gov
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 14:16:22 -0700
Subject: Re: another Reply:Image Manipulation ...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

All:

Bob Lawrence wrote:
} I don't see that it is terribly important to know
} exactly how they (images) were generated

This may be true in general.
However, there is one type of image that should only
be published with full information about exactly how
it was generated, and that is a simulated HRTEM image.
Each such image should have associated with it all
the parameter values used to generate it as well as
the name and version number of the software used.
I am surprised at the number of papers I am called
on to referee that do not contain such information.
The parameter values should be given to inform the
reader of what conditions would be necessary to obtain
such an image. The software should be identified in
order to allow for any peculiarities of particular
software, or even errors that may be revealed later.
An early version of SHRLI (Simulated High-Resolution
Lattice Images) inverted beam indices in all of its
diffraction patterns (SHRLI80), and a version of EMS
imposed incident beam convergence at twice the input
value (see 51st Proc MSA (1993) 974-975).

-Mike O'Keefe

--------------------------------------------------------------
Bob Lawrence wrote:

} Gentlefolk,
}
} As usual in all scientific work, the integrity, education,
} background and reputation of the individual generating the images is the
} bottom line when it comes to "truth" contained within the images, or any
} other work one does. The characteristics aren't exclusive, a "good"
} scientist can still make judgmental and emotional errors, but one has to
} start somewhere. If the images contain information that is clear and
} well documented I don't see that it is terribly important to know
} exactly how they were generated ( except possibly from the point of view
} of replicating the work).




From: Barbara Foster :      mme-at-map.com
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 18:54:44 -0400
Subject: Re: another Reply:Image Manipulation ...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

.....Which brings us to an interesting question regarding color
rendition....


If there were a good standard available, mounted on a traditional 1"x3"
slide, at

reasonable price ($35-50), would a "color test plate" be of interest to
most people

who did color video/digital photography?


Barbara Foster

Consortium President

{bold} {italic} {color} {param} 0000,8080,0000 {/param} Microscopy/Microscopy
Education

{/color} {/italic} {/bold} 125 Paridon Street Suite 102

Springfield, MA 01118

PH: (413)746-6931 FX: (413)746-9311 email: mme-at-map.com

Visit our web site: { {http://www.MME-Microscopy.com/education}

******************************************************

{bold} {italic} {bigger} {bigger} MME: {/bigger} {/bigger} {/italic} {/bold}
America's first national consortium dedicated to

customized on-site training in all areas of

microscopy, sample preparation, and image analysis.

{color} {param} 0000,8080,0000 {/param} Our goal: immediate growth in your productivity!

{/color}





At 05:10 AM 6/11/98 -0700, Bob Lawrence wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------

} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America


} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html

} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.

}

} Gentlefolk,

}

} As usual in all scientific work, the integrity, education,

} background and reputation of the individual generating the images is the

} bottom line when it comes to "truth" contained within the images, or any

} other work one does. The characteristics aren't exclusive, a "good"

} scientist can still make judgmental and emotional errors, but one has to

} start somewhere. If the images contain information that is clear and

} well documented I don't see that it is terribly important to know

} exactly how they were generated ( except possibly from the point of view

} of replicating the work).

}

}

}

}

}






From: Kuni Tatsumoto :      kuni-at-soft-imaging.com
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 18:50:37 -0500
Subject: re: image analysis software

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

TO: Nancy Zjaba
National Semiconductor
South Portland, ME

Soft Imaging System GmbH has image analysis software called analySIS.
We also have specific modules for grain analysis. If you like more
information, please visit our web site http://www.soft-imaging.de or
contact us at sales-at-soft-imaging.com or myself and we will be glad to
talk to you and send you brochures.

Kuni Tatsumoto
kt-at-soft-imaging.com
(888) FIND-SIS






From: Becky Holdford :      r-holdford-at-ti.com
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 00:02:22 -0500
Subject: Re: SEM - problems with magnetic interference

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dr. Templeton:
Below is the Web site for Spicer Consulting. They make an excellent mag
field canceling system. I've used 3 of their units, the most recent
purchased just 3 weeks ago.

http://www.spiceruk.co.uk/

Good luck!
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Becky Holdford (r-holdford-at-ti.com)
972-598-1291
KFAB PFA Lab
Texas Instruments, Inc.
Dallas, TX
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Alan Templeton wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Does anybody know of a manufacturer or supplier of magnetic field
} containment loops. We are having problems with our Hitachi S-800FE
} SEM - getting possible structurally transmitted magnetic interference
} from lab two floors up. Our SEM is located in a basement with the
} structural columns (steel reinforced concrete) directly above and to the
} side of the SEM. Interference manifests itself in the form of CRT
} screen "wobble" of set frequency especially noticable at high mag
} (} x3K). Equipment in other lab determined to be the source of the
} problem is a Microwave plasma reactor (interference occurs when
} heater is on) and an Electro-cyclotron resonance (ECR) instrument.
} Need urgent help.Cheers
} Dr Alan Templeton
} Centre for Physical Electronics and Materials
} SEEIE
} South Bank University
} 103 Borough Road, London
} SE1 0AA
} TEL 44 171 815 7521 /7571
} FAX 44 171 815 7599
} email templea-at-sbu.ac.uk



--






From: Ron Doole :      ron.doole-at-materials.oxford.ac.uk
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 08:08:15 +0100 (BST)
Subject: Re: SEM - problems with magnetic interference

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

On Thu, 11 Jun 1998, Alan Templeton wrote:
Hi Alan,

We have have been very interested in this problem as well. We have
had trials of, and heard other good reports of, the field cancelling
system sold by Oxford Instruments. Contact them at:
Oxford Instruments,
Research Instruments,
Tubney Wood,
Abingdon,
Oxon.
OX13 5QX.
01865-393200. Ask for Judith Brock.
e-mail:- judith.brock-at-oxinst.co.uk

Unfortunately I have no connections or financial interests.

Good luck,
Ron
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Does anybody know of a manufacturer or supplier of magnetic field
} containment loops. We are having problems with our Hitachi S-800FE
} SEM - getting possible structurally transmitted magnetic interference
} from lab two floors up. Our SEM is located in a basement with the
} structural columns (steel reinforced concrete) directly above and to the
} side of the SEM. Interference manifests itself in the form of CRT
} screen "wobble" of set frequency especially noticable at high mag
} (} x3K). Equipment in other lab determined to be the source of the
} problem is a Microwave plasma reactor (interference occurs when
} heater is on) and an Electro-cyclotron resonance (ECR) instrument.
} Need urgent help.Cheers
} Dr Alan Templeton
} Centre for Physical Electronics and Materials
} SEEIE
} South Bank University
} 103 Borough Road, London
} SE1 0AA
} TEL 44 171 815 7521 /7571
} FAX 44 171 815 7599
} email templea-at-sbu.ac.uk
}

===========================================================================
Mr. Ron Doole e-mail ron.doole-at-materials.ox.ac.uk
Department of Materials, phone +44 (0) 1865 273701
University of Oxford, fax +44 (0) 1865 283333
Parks Road.
Oxford. OX1 3PH. UK.
============================================================================





From: Arthur Schuessler :      schueslr-at-sun0.urz.uni-heidelberg.de
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 1998 19:11:45 +0200
Subject: urease antibodies, where to get?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Microscopists,
Can anybody tell me where to get urease antibodies? I don't know the
origin of the urease (bacterial or fungal), is there an antibody
recognizing both?
It is for fluorescence immunolokalisation,
many thanks,
Arthur

PS: anybody knows interesting papers about fungal urease, role of urea etc?
I didn't find very much.


Dr. Arthur Schuessler
TU Darmstadt
FB10 Botanik, AG Kluge
Schnittspahnstr. 10
64287 Darmstadt

e-mail: schueslr-at-sun0.urz.uni-heidelberg.de
Tel. 06151 - 164568
Fax: 06151 - 164808




From: Rozeveld, Steve (SJ) :      SJROZEVELD-at-dow.com
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 08:10:04 -0400
Subject: RE: SEM - problems with magnetic interference

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Another possibility:

Integrated Dynamics Engineering
84 Cummings park
Woburn, MA 01801
tel: 617-938-5120
fax: 617 938 5122
100125.1130-at-compuserve.com


} Steve Rozeveld
}
} Dow Chemical Co.
} 1897 Bld. Door E-43
} Midland, MI 48667
} sjrozeveld-at-dow.com
} % (517) 636-5167
} Fax: (517) 638-6443



} ----------
} From: Ron Doole[SMTP:ron.doole-at-materials.oxford.ac.uk]
} Sent: Friday, June 12, 1998 2:08 AM
} To: Microscopy Community
} Subject: Re: SEM - problems with magnetic interference
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America




From: Thomas A Baginski :      tombg-at-bictom.usuf1.usuhs.mil
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 98 08:19:08 -0400
Subject: LM-Color Test Slide

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


-Just my guess as to what happens. We constanly have problems
trying to adjust different Monitors, software, and operating systems
to match the same colors when printing out color images. We now do
this subjectively, because the color balance seems to be set
differently for each system. A color Standard "slide" would be a
terrific start, and would at least allow the same starting point and
settings to be made on hardware. Although I would expect CRT
color-monitor variations over time, I expect the software will
interpret color balance with precision each time, until a new
version or a different process algorythm is employed. I would be
greatful to try this slide. We actually have used the Television
production color screen to pre-set our color monitors and
synchronize them with a video camera. I am not sure how much the
video lens alters the colors. You can see such a color screen on
the television networks in early AM. However, even those colors
screens fade due to the ambient lighting causing more need for color
correction over time. So many factors come into play, resolution,
screen display, printer interpretation, digital acquisition,
balance, intensity, reflectivity, absorbance, transmittance, black
level, that it will be almost impossible to get precise color
balance, but it will be much closer than not having one.
Tom Baginski
Technical Coordinator for Microscopy

In response to:
-a good standard available, mounted on a traditional 1"x3" slide, at
reasonable price ($35-50), would a "color test plate"




From: Alan Templeton :      templea-at-sbu.ac.uk
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 13:38:56 +0000
Subject: SEM- magnetic interference problems

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Thanks for the names and addresses of companies selling field
containment systems- have got a few now to be getting on with but if
you know of any others please let me know - should prove very useful
in solving this problem.

Cheers
alan templeton.
------------------
Dr Alan Templeton
Centre for Physical Electronics and Materials
SEEIE
South Bank University
103 Borough Road, London
SE1 0AA
TEL 44 171 815 7521 /7571
FAX 44 171 815 7599
email templea-at-sbu.ac.uk




From: William Oliver :      oliver-at-cpt.afip.org
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 07:08:23 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: another Reply:Image Manipulation ...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

There are a number of standards to look at, and it is possible to order all of them
from the various standards committees. One of the most common is the IT8 target,
which you can see at http://www.imagequality.com/colmgt.html.

However, there are many calibration charts around for different imaging
systems, and the IT8 is not the only one that might be appropriate.

One good place to start looking is the Colour Technology Forum web page at

http://hike1.hike.te.chiba-u.ac.jp/ikeda/Color/home.html


Another place to look is the Colour Science and Technology Web Page
at http://ziggy.derby.ac.uk/web/colour.html.

billo



On Thu, 11 Jun 1998, Barbara Foster wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} .....Which brings us to an interesting question regarding color
} rendition....
}
}
} If there were a good standard available, mounted on a traditional 1"x3"
} slide, at
}
} reasonable price ($35-50), would a "color test plate" be of interest to
} most people
}
} who did color video/digital photography?
}
}
} Barbara Foster
}
} Consortium President
}
} {bold} {italic} {color} {param} 0000,8080,0000 {/param} Microscopy/Microscopy
} Education
}
} {/color} {/italic} {/bold} 125 Paridon Street Suite 102
}
} Springfield, MA 01118
}
} PH: (413)746-6931 FX: (413)746-9311 email: mme-at-map.com
}
} Visit our web site: { {http://www.MME-Microscopy.com/education}
}
} ******************************************************
}
} {bold} {italic} {bigger} {bigger} MME: {/bigger} {/bigger} {/italic} {/bold}
} America's first national consortium dedicated to
}
} customized on-site training in all areas of
}
} microscopy, sample preparation, and image analysis.
}
} {color} {param} 0000,8080,0000 {/param} Our goal: immediate growth in your productivity!
}
} {/color}
}
}
}
}
}
} At 05:10 AM 6/11/98 -0700, Bob Lawrence wrote:
}
} } ------------------------------------------------------------------------
}
} } The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
}
} } To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
}
} } On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
}
} } -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} }
}
} } Gentlefolk,
}
} }
}
} } As usual in all scientific work, the integrity, education,
}
} } background and reputation of the individual generating the images is the
}
} } bottom line when it comes to "truth" contained within the images, or any
}
} } other work one does. The characteristics aren't exclusive, a "good"
}
} } scientist can still make judgmental and emotional errors, but one has to
}
} } start somewhere. If the images contain information that is clear and
}
} } well documented I don't see that it is terribly important to know
}
} } exactly how they were generated ( except possibly from the point of view
}
} } of replicating the work).
}
} }
}
} }
}
} }
}
} }
}
} }
}
}





From: William Oliver :      oliver-at-cpt.afip.org
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 08:35:50 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: another Reply:Image Manipulation ...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

In my previous note about the IT8.7 target, I didn't tell
you where you could get one. Sorry. They are sold by most
folk who manufacture scanners, etc. I know that Kodak and
Agfa sell them.

billo

On Thu, 11 Jun 1998, Barbara Foster wrote:

}
} If there were a good standard available, mounted on a traditional 1"x3"
} slide, at
}
} reasonable price ($35-50), would a "color test plate" be of interest to
} most people
}
} who did color video/digital photography?
}
}





From: Renee Recker :      heyrenee-at-renorex.com
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 10:14:10 -0400
Subject: Re: another Reply:Image Manipulation ...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Any idea is good one at this time. However, I forsee two issues that prevents standards to be set, the example here being in making "color test plates"as a slide reference to a digital colorist.
1) control of setting the color microscan standards: the contol of what is sellable does not belong with the microscopist or colorist. In my case the control belongs to the selling agent. That person serves the public buying interest. This may be contrary or compatable to "scientific truth".
2) every scan is different: I have colored insects and bacterias, etc. differently for each scan in order to make a greater selling pool. Accentuating the perspective of the subject can change scan to scan.
Renee

........................................................................................
Renee Recker Digital Design
Communication Design for Biologists
Web, Graphic, and Colored Microscans
16 West 16th St.
NYC, NY 10011
212-675-1665
heyrenee-at-renorex.com
http://www.renorex.com

Barbara Foster wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
} .....Which brings us to an interesting question regarding color rendition....
}
} If there were a good standard available, mounted on a traditional 1"x3" slide, at
} reasonable price ($35-50), would a "color test plate" be of interest to most people
} who did color video/digital photography?
}
} Barbara Foster
} Consortium President
} Microscopy/Microscopy Education
} 125 Paridon Street Suite 102
} Springfield, MA 01118
} PH: (413)746-6931 FX: (413)746-9311 email: mme-at-map.com
} Visit our web site: {http://www.MME-Microscopy.com/education}
} ******************************************************
} MME: America's first national consortium dedicated to
} customized on-site training in all areas of
} microscopy, sample preparation, and image analysis.
} Our goal: immediate growth in your productivity!
}
} At 05:10 AM 6/11/98 -0700, Bob Lawrence wrote:
} } ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} } The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} } To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} } On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} } -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
} }
} } Gentlefolk,
} }
} } As usual in all scientific work, the integrity, education,
} } background and reputation of the individual generating the images is the
} } bottom line when it comes to "truth" contained within the images, or any
} } other work one does. The characteristics aren't exclusive, a "good"
} } scientist can still make judgmental and emotional errors, but one has to
} } start somewhere. If the images contain information that is clear and
} } well documented I don't see that it is terribly important to know
} } exactly how they were generated ( except possibly from the point of view
} } of replicating the work).
} }
} }
} }
} }
} }







From: Terry D. Krueger :      tdkrueger-at-imation.com
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 09:17:23 -0500
Subject: Re: Cryogens (yet again!)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a good analogy, but not really a direct comparison. The mechanisms
behind the freezing point depression are different between cooling eutectic
alloys and cooling soluble chemical mixtures. In eutectic alloys cooling
is controlled by the pooling of pure element regions within the mixture.
The smallest pools eg. largest amount of pure metal pooling occurs at the
eutectic composition. Then to ask why that condition causes the lowest
"freezing" point is another question altogether (best answered by people
with big big materials science degrees). In soluable chemical mixtures I
don't believe you see any such pooling of the respective organics, so the
mechanism for that is different. You must think about each percentage
mixture as a bulk chemical. I am sure that there are many organic mixtures
that have cooling point spikes as well which is not the case for eutectic
alloys. Correct me if I'm wrong.


At 03:26 PM 6/11/98 +-200, you wrote:

} Forgive my ignorance, but if the freezing point of isopentane is 113 K and
} that of propane is 84 K, how come a mixture of these freezes at
} temperatures below 77 K (boiling LN2)?
}
Granted that dissolving a solid like salt in a solution leads to freezing
point depression. However, I think the freezing point depression in this
case might be better compared to a solution of two miscible liquids. I am
used to the phenomenon being discussed with application to metals. A
solution of tin and lead is liquid below the freezing points of the
individual metals. With a "eutectic" mixture you encounter the maximum
freezing point depression. I suppose the same principle applies here, even
though the compounds are normally liquids (or even gases) at 'normal'
conditions.

Warren






From: Goodhouse, Joseph :      jgoodhouse-at-molbio.Princeton.EDU
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 10:30:02 -0400
Subject: MicroLumina under Windows NT 4.0

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear colleagues,
I have a Leaf MicroLumina Scanning Camera which we run on a
Windows NT 4.0 System. The camera runs as a Twain plug in device under
Adobe Photoshop 4.0. Here is the problem. We start the system up,
capture the first image, and then save it to disk. We then go to
collect a second image by reselecting the import and selecting the twain
device ( MicroLumina), and here there is no response. The program has
frozen. One then has to go to the NT Task manager, where you see that
Adobe is not responding, and have the system end the Task. Upon
restarting the Adobe program a second time, the Lumina runs fine, and
no longer it or Photoshop does not hang up. Scitex Corporation is not
able to give me any answers to this problem, and has no idea what is
causing it. I have specifically asked if this camera was tested on NT
4.0 and With Adobe Photoshop 4.0 and was told that other systems are
out there with no problems, but was not given a direct answer to my
question. The format we save the file in does not appear to have
anything to do with this. The Photoshop program has become hung up, as
one cannot even open any other image file in PhotoShop. Has anyone
experienced this with their MicroLumina on a Windows NT 4.0 system. It
would not surprise me if this is related to Adobe 4.0, as version 4.0
has had some significant changes, with many not for the better. Hope to
hear some good news.

Regards,


Joseph Goodhouse
Confocal / EM Core Lab Manager
Department of Molecular Biology
Princeton University
jgoodhose-at-molbio.princeton.edu
609-258-5432

Info and Images at
http://www.molbio.princeton.edu/confocal/CF-EM-HOME.html






From: Mriglermas-at-aol.com
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 12:18:06 EDT
Subject: MSA Golf Tif File Reply To All

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

ok, ok, OK, ALREADY. Sorry about the tif posting and any trouble it caused.
If you are not going to play or don't need the info- don't look at the file.

Also, in reference to the $75 fee on the recent form, some of the people who
have replied have already registered at the cost of $65. That amount ($65)
willl be honored and anyone who has already registered at the higher fee will
receive a $10 refund.

The story behind the change had to do with the club we were going to play at
originally. That club's membership voted to prohibit outside tournament play
- - AFTER we had already given the info to MSA for their printing. So, we
were stuck with having to find another club on short notice and thus have
higher expenses because of it. In any event, we will simply bear the costs
and work with the current club.

Call if you have any additional needs or questions.

Thanks, Mark W. Rigler, Ph.D., MAS Inc. 800-421-8451




From: Ping Li :      pli-at-is2.dal.ca
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 14:06:42 -0300 (ADT)
Subject: Looking for a place for CLSM training

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi, does anyone knows where I can get confocal operation training? or is
there any workshop for confocal operation? Your help and infomation will
be greatly appreciated. Thank you.


Ping
pli-at-is2.dal.ca





From: Ronnie Houston :      rhh1-at-airmail.net
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 12:11:16 -0700
Subject: BrdU immunocytochemistry

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone have experience looking at proliferating cells labelled with
BrdU at the EM level? What resin is best, and is DAB/OsO4 localization
adequate or are gold/silver probes necessary?
Thanks, in advance, for any assistance.

Ronnie Houston
Cytochemistry & Molecular Pathology
Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children
2222 Welborn Street
Dallas, TX 75219




From: Kuni Tatsumoto :      kuni-at-soft-imaging.com
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 11:11:58 -0600
Subject: re: image analysis software

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

TO: Nancy Zjaba
National Semiconductor
South Portland, ME

Soft Imaging System has image analysis software called analySIS. We
also have specific modules for grain analysis. If you like more
information, please visit our web site http://www.soft-imaging.de or
contact us at sales-at-soft-imaging.com or myself and we will be glad to
talk to you and send you brochures.

Kuni Tatsumoto
kt-at-soft-imaging.com
(888) FIND-SIS




From: Terry D. Krueger :      tdkrueger-at-imation.com
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 12:36:18 -0500
Subject: Re: Cryogens (yet again!)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a good analogy, but not really a direct comparison. The mechanisms
behind the freezing point depression are different between cooling eutectic
alloys and cooling soluble chemical mixtures. In eutectic alloys cooling
is controlled by the pooling of pure element regions within the mixture.
The smallest pools eg. largest amount of pure metal pooling occurs at the
eutectic composition. Then to ask why that condition causes the lowest
"freezing" point is another question altogether. Apparently the heat
capacity of that composition is greatest for the given system.

In soluable chemical mixtures I don't believe you see any such pooling of
the respective organics, so the mechanism for that is different. You must
think about each percentage mixture as a bulk chemical. Of course you get
a cooling curve because the heat capacity of neighboring mixtures in a
chemical system vary in small amounts at a time. I am sure that there are
many organic mixtures that have cooling point spikes as well which is not
the case for eutectic alloys. Correct me if I'm wrong.


At 03:26 PM 6/11/98 +-200, you wrote:

} Forgive my ignorance, but if the freezing point of isopentane is 113 K and
} that of propane is 84 K, how come a mixture of these freezes at
} temperatures below 77 K (boiling LN2)?
}
Granted that dissolving a solid like salt in a solution leads to freezing
point depression. However, I think the freezing point depression in this
case might be better compared to a solution of two miscible liquids. I am
used to the phenomenon being discussed with application to metals. A
solution of tin and lead is liquid below the freezing points of the
individual metals. With a "eutectic" mixture you encounter the maximum
freezing point depression. I suppose the same principle applies here, even
though the compounds are normally liquids (or even gases) at 'normal'
conditions.

Warren






From: Long Liang :      LLIANG-at-mail.arco.com
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 13:04:52 -0500
Subject: Gold Target

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Microscopists,

After a long use of the gold coater, the gold target is thinner and thinner
and finally there is a hole showing up. I believe it is the time to
replace the gold target.

My question is whether I can temporally cover the hole with a small piece
of gold plate so I can still use the existing gold target, before I replace
it with a new one. Any suggestions about how to connect two gold plates
together (glue them with carbon paste ?). Thanks.

Long Liang
ARCO EPMA/SEM Lab






From: William R. Oliver :      oliver-at-cpt.afip.org
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 14:29:59 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: LM-Color Test Slide

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

If you are interested in specific video test images, you might look
at the Hans Irtel's site at the University of Mannheim, particularly
the color CRT page and the Video Test Image page.

Go to http://www.uni-mannheim.de/fakul/psycho/irtel/cvd.html

and take the link to Video Test Images.

You might also look at the CIE site, which deals with
standards quite a bit.

Hope this helps.

billo


On Fri, 12 Jun 1998, Thomas A Baginski wrote:

} differently for each system. A color Standard "slide" would be a
} terrific start, and would at least allow the same starting point and
} settings to be made on hardware.....





From: John N. Wright :      johnw-at-uts.cc.utexas.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 13:39:46 -0500 (CDT)
Subject: TEM Tissue Processors

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We are looking for a TEM tissue processor similar to the histological
instruments that are available but one that would allow the automated (or
nearly so ) fixation, dehydration, embedding and polymerization into
various resins. I believe BAL-TEC used to make a freeze substitution
unit that appeared to allow a number of resins and protocols, the FSU 010
but I can't find any sources of information regarding this or similar
instruments. Any leads or comments would be appreciated.

Thanks in advance,
John N. Wright






From: Hall, Ernest L (CRD) :      hallel-at-exc01crdge.crd.ge.com
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 14:27:41 -0400
Subject: Registration and Housing for Microscopy and Microanalysis'98

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I wanted to second John Mansfield's suggestion that those of you who are planning to attend
Microscopy and Microanalysis '98 and have not yet made hotel reservation do so as soon as possible.
As of our most recent information the Marriott and the Westin still have rooms available in the
M&M'98 block. You will need to contact the hotels directly at:

Marriott Marquis: 404-521-0000
Westin Peachtree Plaza: 404-659-1400

In some cases, we have been told that the hotels report being sold out, although there are M&M rooms
available. You may want to check with the M&M contact people:

Marriott: 404-586-6204 (Lynn)
Westin: 404-589-7464 (Lisa Sharp)

As a last resort, you can call the M&M Meeting Manager (Bud, Mary Beth, or AnnaMarie) at 708-361-6000
for help.

ALSO PLEASE REMEMBER THAT MONDAY, JUNE 15 IS THE FINAL DEADLINE FOR EARLY REGISTRATION. Registration
forms are available on the MSA website or from the Meeting Manager. They need to be faxed to
708-361-6166.


Thanks,
Ernie Hall
MSA Secretary












%%% overflow headers %%%
Cc: "'Rebedeau, Mary Beth'" {mbrebedeau-at-aol.com} ,
'Bud Rebedeau' {budreb-at-tradeshownet.com} ,
"'Dowling, Annamarie'" {annamarie-at-tradeshownet.com} ,
"'Woodward, Janet'" {woodwardjh-at-aol.com} ,
"'Quek, Lay'" {LQuek-at-Bostrom.com} ,
"Albrecht, Ralph" {rma-at-ahabs.wisc.edu} ,
"Anderson, Ronald" {anderron-at-us.ibm.com} ,
"Burke, Mary Grace" {mgburke-at-pitt.edu} ,
"Carter, Barry" {carter-at-cems.umn.edu} ,
"Erlandsen, Stan" {stan-at-lenti.med.umn.edu} ,
"Gibson, J. Murray" {j-gibson-at-uiuc.edu} ,
"Hudson, JoAn" {hjoan-at-clemson.clemson.edu} ,
"Joy, David" {djoy-at-utk.edu} ,
"Mascorro, Jose" {jmascor-at-mailhost.tcs.tulane.edu} ,
"Somlyo, Avril" {avs5u-at-virginia.edu} ,
"Williams, Dave" {DBW1-at-LEHIGH.EDU}
%%% end overflow headers %%%




From: Glenn M. Larkin :      gmlarkin-at-mtu.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 15:10:38 -0400
Subject: HELP

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Microscopists,

I am not a microscopist, but hope that someone on the list might share some
insights regarding sample preparation for wood composite materials. I am
trying to prepare thin sections for optical microscopy of waferboard type
composites. My need is to obtain sections perpendicular to the wood flake
direction. So far, I end up with sawdust. I have tried to impregnate with
spur and ultra spur epoxies - to no avail. The costraint I am bound by is
that I cannot introduce any moisture or solvent into the matrix which may
redistribute its components (adhesive, wax, additives). The typical
composite has between 3% and 7% moisture content, an equal amount of
isocyanate adhesive, and less than 1% each of wax and other additives.
These additives can be water and/or organic solvent soluble.

All suggestions are welcome. I am currently at a loss as to how to proceed.


Regards,


Glenn M. Larkin
Graduate Assistant
Institute of Wood Research
Michigan Technological University
Houghton, MI 49931-1295 USA
(906) 487-3316





From: Geoff McAuliffe :      mcauliff-at-UMDNJ.EDU
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 14:38:20 -0700
Subject: Re: BrdU immunocytochemistry

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Ronnie Houston wrote:


} Does anyone have experience looking at proliferating cells labelled with
} BrdU at the EM level? What resin is best, and is DAB/OsO4 localization
} adequate or are gold/silver probes necessary?
} Thanks, in advance, for any assistance.
}
} Ronnie Houston
} Cytochemistry & Molecular Pathology
} Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children
} 2222 Welborn Street
} Dallas, TX 75219

Try Histochemistry 95:491-494, 1991.

Geoff
--
***************************************************************
Geoff McAuliffe, Ph.D.
Neuroscience and Cell Biology
Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
675 Hoes Lane Piscataway, NJ 08854
voice: (732)-235-4583; fax -4029 e-mail: mcauliff-at-umdnj.edu
***************************************************************




From: Paul R. Perkes :      paul.perkes-at-asu.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 12:53:05 -0700
Subject: Kodak Plate Question

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Can someone please help Matija with this question?

} Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 11:37:17 -0400 (EDT)
} From: Matija Maretic {matija-at-gravity.phys.utk.edu}
} To: paul.perkes-at-asu.edu
} MIME-version: 1.0
}
} Dear Mr. Perkes,
}
} My name is Matija Maretic and I am doing research at University of
} Tennessee at Knoxville. I know that Kodak carries a number of
} scientific glass plates which can produce high quality positive image, but
} I am wondering if they carry a plate which can produce a high quality
} black & white negative.
} Do you know where I can find this kind of information?
}
} Thank you, Matija Maretic
}

Thanks,


Paul R. Perkes (602) 965-5218
Senior Applications Systems Analyst (602) 965-9004 FAX
Center for Solid State Science (602) 952-9583 Wireless
Arizona State University paul.perkes-at-asu.edu
Box 871704
Tempe, AZ 85287-1704






From: Ani Issaian :      naz-at-creep.che.caltech.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 14:35:27 +0000
Subject: Re: TEM - considering a new scope

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Jaclynn,


I suggest you go to the MSA national metting this camming July 12-16.
There are a lot of vendors which will be very helpful answering all your
questions.


Ani




From: Ani Issaian :      naz-at-creep.che.caltech.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 14:38:57 +0000
Subject: Re: Cryo-ultra mocrotomes -handbook-

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Manuela,


The Leica ph# is 800/248-0665. They should be able to help you.


Ani




From: Inkycap-at-aol.com
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 18:18:56 -0500
Subject: microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

where can an individual purchase stains and chemicals for use under the
microscope. Biological supply houses will not sell to me since i am not a
company or school.

John






From: Bob Rowntree :      browntre-at-slonet.org
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 16:27:50 -0700 (PDT)
Subject: Re: Help in Identifying an old optical microscope

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Thx for info. What is good source for narrowing down its decade of
origin?

I have a tremor -- a shaky hand -- so I don't mouse so I don't do WINDOWS
or any kind of graphics; sorry. Send me a snailmail address & I'll send
you a photo.

Bob & Esther Rowntree
808 Murray Ave
San Luis Obispo, CA 93405
(805)549-9107

On Wed, 10 Jun 1998 COURYHOUSE-at-aol.com wrote:

} Gundlach is the mfr!
} Good scope!
} Wish it was in our collection!
}
} Take a photo, scan it and share it with all of us!
}
}
} Ed sharpe, archivist smecc
}





From: Sara Miller :      saram-at-acpub.duke.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 19:43:27 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Kodak Plate Question

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

On Fri, 12 Jun 1998, Paul R. Perkes wrote:

} Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 12:53:05 -0700
} From: Paul R. Perkes {paul.perkes-at-asu.edu}
} To: csssano-at-asu.edu
} Cc: Matija Maretic {matija-at-gravity.phys.utk.edu} ,
} Microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
} Subject: Kodak Plate Question
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Can someone please help Matija with this question?
}
} } Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 11:37:17 -0400 (EDT)
} } From: Matija Maretic {matija-at-gravity.phys.utk.edu}
} } To: paul.perkes-at-asu.edu
} } MIME-version: 1.0
} }
} } Dear Mr. Perkes,
} }
} } My name is Matija Maretic and I am doing research at University of
} } Tennessee at Knoxville. I know that Kodak carries a number of
} } scientific glass plates which can produce high quality positive image, but
} } I am wondering if they carry a plate which can produce a high quality
} } black & white negative.
} } Do you know where I can find this kind of information?
} }
} } Thank you, Matija Maretic
} }
}
} Thanks,
}
}
} Paul R. Perkes (602) 965-5218
} Senior Applications Systems Analyst (602) 965-9004 FAX
} Center for Solid State Science (602) 952-9583 Wireless
} Arizona State University paul.perkes-at-asu.edu
} Box 871704
} Tempe, AZ 85287-1704
}
}
Why don't you call Kodak. They have excellent tech reps. The number on
their chemical catelog is 800 225-5352; you might have to get another
number from them for the film division.

If this doesn't get you what you want, write me with specific info on
exactly how you want to use these. There are ways to make reversal images.


Sara E. Miller, Ph. D.
P. O. Box 3020
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, NC 27710
Ph: 919 684-3452
FAX: 919 684-8735





From: Ron L'Herault :      lherault-at-bu.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 20:01:34 -0400
Subject: vibration isolation tables

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We have moved our lab (groan) and the new site is not ideal for our scanning
microscope. It looks like we need a vibration isolation table on the column
section. I'm looking for recommendations for good vendors.

Thanks

Ron
lherault-at-bu.edu





From: Tina Carvalho :      tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 14:23:01 -1000 (HST)
Subject: Negative stain - Uranyl acetate

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello, all-

Many of the facility's users who do negative staining with uranyl acetate
end up with an artifact that is most easily described as bubbles. These
round areas of no stain are not rimmed and do not appear to be any kind of
stuff, but merely absence of stain. Unfortunately, when one is looking
for small virus particles and the background is covered with these
un-spots, it's horribly distracting.

Can anyone shed some light on this artifact? Before I tear my hair out?

Thanks in advance,

Tina

http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf/microangela
****************************************************************************
* Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
* Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251 *
* University of Hawaii at Manoa * http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
****************************************************************************





From: Tina Carvalho :      tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 14:26:00 -1000 (HST)
Subject: Uranyl acetate and aluminum foil

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi, again-

I remember reading somewhere that we should not wrap contianers of uranyl
acetate in aluminum foil. Why is that? Is there a danger of
bremstrunghumuhumunukunukuapuaa radiation? (Sorry, it's Friday afternoon
and I clearly don't know what I'm talking about.)

Aloha,
Tina

http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf/microangela
****************************************************************************
* Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
* Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251 *
* University of Hawaii at Manoa * http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
****************************************************************************





From: COURYHOUSE-at-aol.com
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 21:20:59 EDT
Subject: Re: Help in Identifying an old optical microscope

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

hi there!
address is
Ed sharpe
5802 w palmaire ave
glendale az 85301

We have many trade catalogs from mfrs. and sci. supply co. catalogs.
We should be able to nail it down pretty close!

Edward Sharpe Archivist SMECC




From: COURYHOUSE-at-aol.com
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 21:49:56 EDT
Subject: Re: microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


In response to:
where can an individual purchase stains and chemicals for use under the
microscope. Biological supply houses will not sell to me since I am not a
company or school.

John

There are local science stores that have limited its of slides and chemicals
for use with " toy" type microscopes. I would imagine the chemicals would work
fine. though.

In Phx. we have one called the 'imaginarium' that sells such things.


Edward Sharpe archivist SMECC




From: Jim Darley :      jim-at-proscitech.com.au
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 1998 12:13:00 +1000
Subject: Re: Kodak Plate Question

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Ask Kodak by email (they may be on the web, Kodak have a large excellent
site) for the film's processing instructions. I expect that they provide for
a reversal procedure (develop, expose, bleach, re-develop, fix). I expect
that by using a normal procedure (develop, rinse, fix, wash, dry) these
plates will behave as a normal negative film.
Jim Darley

ProSciTech Microscopy PLUS
PO Box 111, Thuringowa QLD 4817 Australia
Phone +61 7 4774 0370 Fax: +61 7 4789 2313
Great microscopy catalogue, 500 Links, MSDS, User Notes
**************************** www.proscitech.com.au *****

} }
} } My name is Matija Maretic and I am doing research at University of
} } Tennessee at Knoxville. I know that Kodak carries a number of
} } scientific glass plates which can produce high quality positive image, but
} } I am wondering if they carry a plate which can produce a high quality
} } black & white negative.
} } Do you know where I can find this kind of information?
} }
} } Thank you, Matija Maretic
} }
}
} Thanks,
}
}
} Paul R. Perkes (602) 965-5218
} Senior Applications Systems Analyst (602) 965-9004 FAX
} Center for Solid State Science (602) 952-9583 Wireless
} Arizona State University paul.perkes-at-asu.edu
} Box 871704
} Tempe, AZ 85287-1704
}
}
}





From: Andrei Boronin :      boronin-at-catalysis.nsk.su
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 1998 15:50:15 +0600
Subject: For Parmjit S. Flora

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0014_01BD96E2.F625F560
Content-Type: text/plain;
charset="iso-8859-3"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Dear friend,
Andrei Chuvilin asked me to send you some references in O/Ag systems. I
transfer to you a block of references of one of the last my papers in
Catal.Letters. 47(1997)111.
What is your interest in this field? because oxygen/silver system is very
complicated system.
With best wishes,
Dr. Andrei Boronin


------=_NextPart_000_0014_01BD96E2.F625F560
Content-Type: application/msword;
name="refs.doc"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: attachment;
filename="refs.doc"
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------=_NextPart_000_0014_01BD96E2.F625F560--





From: Caroline Schooley :      schooley-at-mcn.org
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 1998 08:48:02 -0800
Subject: Re: microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} In response to:
} where can an individual purchase stains and chemicals for use under the
} microscope. Biological supply houses will not sell to me since I am not a
} company or school.
}
You're too pessimistic. Companies such as Carolina Biological Supply will
sell to anyone. Call 800-334-5551; there are lots of stains listed in
their "Science & Math" catalog


Caroline Schooley
Educational Outreach Coordinator
Microscopy Society of America
Box 117, 45301 Caspar Point Road
Caspar, CA 95420
Phone/FAX (707)964-9460
Project MICRO: http://www.MSA.microscopy.com/ProjectMICRO/Books.html
Intertidal invertebrates: http://www.fortbragg.k12.ca.us/AG/PCI/






From: Barbara Foster :      mme-at-map.com
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 1998 13:11:40 -0400
Subject: Re: Looking for a place for CLSM training

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Ping,


MME offers customized, on-site training in all areas of microscopy,
including confocal.

Please visit our website at { {http://www.MME-Microscopy.com/education}

I will be in the office for most of the next week so please call if you
have any questions

or would like to schedule a class.


Best regards,

Barbara Foster

Consortium President

{bold} {italic} {color} {param} 0000,8080,0000 {/param} Microscopy/Microscopy
Education

{/color} {/italic} {/bold} 125 Paridon Street Suite 102

Springfield, MA 01118

PH: (413)746-6931 FX: (413)746-9311 email: mme-at-map.com

Visit our web site: { {http://www.MME-Microscopy.com/education}

******************************************************

{bold} {italic} {bigger} {bigger} MME: {/bigger} {/bigger} {/italic} {/bold}
America's first national consortium dedicated to

customized on-site training in all areas of

microscopy, sample preparation, and image analysis.

{color} {param} 0000,8080,0000 {/param} Our goal: immediate growth in your productivity!

{/color}



At 02:06 PM 6/12/98 -0300, Ping Li wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------

} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America


} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html

} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.

}

} Hi, does anyone knows where I can get confocal operation training? or is

} there any workshop for confocal operation? Your help and infomation will

} be greatly appreciated. Thank you.

}

}

} Ping

} pli-at-is2.dal.ca

}

}

}






From: Brian Andrews :      sba-at-helix.nih.gov
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 1998 14:20:03 -0400
Subject: Position Open

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

The Laboratory of Neurobiology, NINDS, NIH (Bethesda, MD) has an
opening for an experienced electron microscopy technician. Applicants
should be knowledgable concerning the theory, principles, practices and
techniques of biological electron microscopy, including operation of
transmission EMs and methods for specimen preparation (fixation,
embedding, staining, vacuum evaporation, immunolabeling). Competence in
cryo-preparation techniques (rapid freezing, cryo-ultramicrotomy,
freeze-fracture, freeze-substitution) is especially desirable.
Experience with specialized fields of elemental mapping and analysis
(x-ray microanalysis, electron energy loss spectroscopy, STEM, and
energy-filtering TEM) would be an additional advantage. The NIH offers
competitive salary and benefits packages; US citizenship required. For
more information contact Brian Andrews at "sba-at-helix.nih.gov".






From: bozzola-at-siu.edu (John J. Bozzola)
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 1998 15:53:42 -0500
Subject: Re: Negative stain - Uranyl acetate

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Tina,

The phenomenon that you describe has been called champaigning. It is
thought to be caused by a number of factors (none of which have been tested
and proven to be the cause, however). This includes: hydrophobicity of the
substrate - usually Formvar/carbon, improper spreading of the suspension,
inadequate drying of the specimen on the grid, inclusion of substances -
like sucrose or salts - that boil in the beam, actual particles such as
ribosomes or glycogen or viral capsomeres.

Here are some things to try:
- a different stain (one of the tungstates) to rule out "real" particles
versus bubbles,
- glow-discharge treating the grids to eliminate hydrophobicity,
- inclusion of a wetting agent such as bovine serum albumin to help
spreading of the specimen,
- allow the grid to dry for at least 20 minutes (preferably at 45-60 C),
- do not focus the beam on the specimens (causes boiling),
- make sure you have a thin spread (not clumped),
- offer a sacrifice to Pele or Vulcan.

Cheers,
John





###########################
Dr. John Bozzola, Director
Center for Electron Microscopy
Southern Illinois University
Carbondale, IL 62901
Phone: 618-453-3730
Fax: 618-453-2665
###########################






From: bozzola-at-siu.edu (John J. Bozzola)
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 1998 15:54:01 -0500
Subject: Re: Uranyl acetate and aluminum foil

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Tina,

UrAc is thought to be sensitive to light - especially UV type of light
found in fluorescent light and sunlight. Causes breakdown of the stain and
possible precipitation. Very little radioactivity is present - but some is
there, so be careful.

JB



###########################
Dr. John Bozzola, Director
Center for Electron Microscopy
Southern Illinois University
Carbondale, IL 62901
Phone: 618-453-3730
Fax: 618-453-2665
###########################






From: sxC8n9P6M-at-ju1stn8.ch
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 1998 15:54:01 -0500
Subject: Re: Uranyl acetate and aluminum foil

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Every Active Member Deserves A Paycheck!
No Sponsoring Required To Get A Paycheck!
***The True Network Marketers Dream.***
Simple And Unbelievably Lucrative!
Click Here For More Information}
http://www.gwc1.com/members/dv77/gwc1.htm

To be removed - remove58-at-hotmail.com or call 904-282-0945







From: Garber, Charles A. :      cgarber-at-2spi.com
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 98 19:56:59 -0500
Subject: Patching up a gold cathode with holes!

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

-- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --

Long Liang wrote:
================================================
After a long use of the gold coater, the gold target is thinner and thinner
and finally there is a hole showing up. I believe it is the time to replace
the gold target.

My question is whether I can temporally cover the hole with a small piece of
gold plate so I can still use the existing gold target, before I replace it
with a new one. Any suggestions about how to connect two gold plates
together (glue them with carbon paste ?). Thanks.
=================================================
This is a novel suggestion. It might even work. However, there should be
high conductivity between the "patch" and the rest of the cathode, and for
that, we would use the same silver filled epoxy that we recommend when the
cathode has to be glued onto the "head". Our prediction is that the carbon
paste probably would not have sufficient conductivity. If silver paste was
used, we would think that the silver would start to sputter away. When you
do your "glue" treatment, make sure you put some weights onto the assembly
so that you end up with a very uniform layer of the silver filled epoxy.

Disclosure: SPI offers all of the above discussed items as well as new
"replacement" cathodes.

Chuck

===================================================
Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com


Look for us!
############################
WWW: http://www.2spi.com
############################
==================================================








From: Linda Juffs :      LJ-at-bunyip.ph.rmit.edu.au
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 12:27:38 EST-10ESUT
Subject: Image Analysis Software.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi all,

This is a request for experienced users of Image Analysis software. I
would appreciate if some of you are able to spare me some information
on the types of software avaliable.

I have been using OPTIMAS at present, and I am interested in other
programs which may be easier to use, and/or offer more capabilities.
The ability to do FFT would be good.

I know also of "analySIS" and "SigmaScanPro" from thier web pages,
but would also like to know some opinions of these from people who
have tried the software.

I am also keen to find out prices of such software if they are
availiable. I am looking at intermetallic particles in Aluminium
Alloys, and currently using B/W backscatter images from the SEM.


Thanks all,

Linda Juffs.




From: Peter Reynders :      reynders-at-merck.de
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 10:08:45 +0200
Subject: Re: SEM - problems with magnetic interference

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We have made excellent experience with a three-axis system sold by

Integrated Dynamics Engineering
84 Cummings park
Woburn, MA 01801
tel: 617-938-5120
fax: 617 938 5122
100125.1130-at-compuserve.com
(address already mentioned)

The location of our FE-SEM (JEOL 6300F) is far from being ideal. There are a
number of large machinery, elavators, printing machines etc next door.


Best regards,
Dr. Peter Reynders
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Merck KGaA - Pigments & Cosmetics Division |
| Bldg M 18, 64271 Darmstadt / Germany |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| e-mail: reynders-at-merck.de (work) reynders-at-compuserve.com (home) |
| homepage: http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/reynders/ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+



Rozeveld, Steve (SJ) wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Another possibility:
}
} Integrated Dynamics Engineering
} 84 Cummings park
} Woburn, MA 01801
} tel: 617-938-5120
} fax: 617 938 5122
} 100125.1130-at-compuserve.com
}
} } Steve Rozeveld
} }
} } Dow Chemical Co.
} } 1897 Bld. Door E-43
} } Midland, MI 48667
} } sjrozeveld-at-dow.com
} } % (517) 636-5167
} } Fax: (517) 638-6443
}
} } ----------
} } From: Ron Doole[SMTP:ron.doole-at-materials.oxford.ac.uk]
} } Sent: Friday, June 12, 1998 2:08 AM
} } To: Microscopy Community
} } Subject: Re: SEM - problems with magnetic interference
} }
} } ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} } The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} } To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} } On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} } -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
} }
} } On Thu, 11 Jun 1998, Alan Templeton wrote:
} } Hi Alan,
} }
} } We have have been very interested in this problem as well. We have
} } had trials of, and heard other good reports of, the field cancelling
} } system sold by Oxford Instruments. Contact them at:
} } Oxford Instruments,
} } Research Instruments,
} } Tubney Wood,
} } Abingdon,
} } Oxon.
} } OX13 5QX.
} } 01865-393200. Ask for Judith Brock.
} } e-mail:- judith.brock-at-oxinst.co.uk
} }
} } Unfortunately I have no connections or financial interests.
} }
} } Good luck,
} } Ron
} } } ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} } } The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} } } To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} } } On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} } } -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
} } }
} } } Does anybody know of a manufacturer or supplier of magnetic field
} } } containment loops. We are having problems with our Hitachi S-800FE
} } } SEM - getting possible structurally transmitted magnetic interference
} } } from lab two floors up. Our SEM is located in a basement with the
} } } structural columns (steel reinforced concrete) directly above and to the
} } } side of the SEM. Interference manifests itself in the form of CRT
} } } screen "wobble" of set frequency especially noticable at high mag
} } } (} x3K). Equipment in other lab determined to be the source of the
} } } problem is a Microwave plasma reactor (interference occurs when
} } } heater is on) and an Electro-cyclotron resonance (ECR) instrument.
} } } Need urgent help.Cheers
} } } Dr Alan Templeton
} } } Centre for Physical Electronics and Materials
} } } SEEIE
} } } South Bank University
} } } 103 Borough Road, London
} } } SE1 0AA
} } } TEL 44 171 815 7521 /7571
} } } FAX 44 171 815 7599
} } } email templea-at-sbu.ac.uk
} } }
} }
} } ===========================================================================
} } Mr. Ron Doole e-mail ron.doole-at-materials.ox.ac.uk
} } Department of Materials, phone +44 (0) 1865 273701
} } University of Oxford, fax +44 (0) 1865 283333
} } Parks Road.
} } Oxford. OX1 3PH. UK.
} } ============================================================================
} }





From: Alistair Douglas :      phbaad-at-upe.ac.za
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 11:24:47 +0200
Subject: Auto-exposure op amp

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hallo All

We have a Phillips EM 420 TEM. It is getting on in years, but is still
a lovely machine. We have a slight problem, though. The op-amp on the
board for the auto-exposure system seems to blow after only two to three
weeks use. We are not sure what the problem is and have been told by
the local Phillips guys that ours is the only machine that does this.
Short of trying to get a new/replacement board, are there any
suggestions/plans/calls of sympathy out there? Any help will be
appreciated. Thanks!

Regards
Alistair Douglas





From: Alistair Douglas :      phbaad-at-upe.ac.za
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 11:31:07 +0200
Subject: FIB facilities

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hallo All

A colleague of mine is preparing x-sectional TEM specimens of
CdZnTe/CdHgTe epilayers. We are using a new Gatan PIPS ion mill. The
problem is that some specimens come out very nicely, but others are
completely polycrystalline. The specimens are all prepared under the
same/closely similar conditions, but we are unable to make reproducible
TEM samples. I was therefore wondering whether there are any research
facilities out there with a FIB machine that might have some time
available on the machine to make some samples for us. Please advise as
to the availability of the machine, and rates which apply for use, etc.

Kind Regards
Alistair Douglas





From: MORETZ,DR,ROGER TX BIPUS :      rmoretz-at-bi-pharm.com
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 07:13:19 -0400
Subject: RE: TEM Tissue Processors

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

The Lynx Tissue Processor (now sold by Leica) is an instrument I have
used for nearly 13 years-both here and at my previous employer.
Operationally, the Lynx (and the RMC processor-a descendent of the old
LKB processor) provides 20 stations that carry reagents up to pure
resin. Both are carousel designs (with some differences) that have
vials for reagents. I have used these for osmium through pure resin. A
number of programs can be entered into memory, and the processing
schedule tailored for the type of resin and the different dehydrants and
en bloc staining protocols. It is theoretically possible to use the
machine for immunocytochemistry or enzyme cytochemistry protocols, but I
have not utilized them for those procedures.

The original instrument (purchased from Lynx before Leica took it over)
was reliable and operated smoothly for the 4 years I was in that lab. I
cannot give as ringing an endorsement to the unit we purchased here in
1990. Over the first 4 or 5 years, although there was low demand for
use, we maintained the unit and did routine test runs. However, it has
been necessary to send the unit back to Leica more times than I can (or
care to) remember. It has run quite consistently for the last six
months, during which time I have needed to process large numbers of
samples daily for several weeks (I'd really rather not think about it).
Hopefully, after nearly 8 years, the bugs have been worked out.

I have no experience with the RMC unit, and have been unable to get them
to provide a demo unit for actual lab testing. That is frustrating. I
wish you the best in your quest.

Roger Moretz, Ph.D.
Dept of Toxicology


-----Original Message-----
From: John N. Wright [SMTP:johnw-at-uts.cc.utexas.edu]
Sent: Friday, June 12, 1998 2:40 PM
To: Microscopy Community
Subject: TEM Tissue Processors


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of
America
To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to
ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
On-Line Help
http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

We are looking for a TEM tissue processor similar to the
histological
instruments that are available but one that would allow the
automated (or
nearly so ) fixation, dehydration, embedding and polymerization
into
various resins. I believe BAL-TEC used to make a freeze
substitution
unit that appeared to allow a number of resins and protocols,
the FSU 010
but I can't find any sources of information regarding this or
similar
instruments. Any leads or comments would be appreciated.

Thanks in advance,
John N. Wright





From: MORETZ,DR,ROGER TX BIPUS :      rmoretz-at-bi-pharm.com
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 07:22:22 -0400
Subject: RE: vibration isolation tables

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Good timing. I have in front of me the latest copy of "The Microscope
Book" (The Cambrex Group Mail Center, Suite 2, 112 Washington St,
Marblehead, MA 01945-3554). There are three companies in this issue:

Technical Manufacturing Corporation
15 Centennial Drive
Peabody, MA 01960
978-532-6330
sales-at-techmfg.com {mailto:sales-at-techmfg.com}

Fabreeka International, Inc.
1-800-FABREKA
www.fabreeka.com {http://www.fabreeka.com}

Herzan
30251 Golden Lantern
Laguna Niguel, CA 92677
949-363-2905
73071.3720-at-compuserve.com {mailto:73071.3720-at-compuserve.com}

TMC is the only one I know (personally) that makes anti-vibration units
for EMs, but the others might be worth checking out.

Roger Moretz, Ph.D.
Dept of Toxicology

-----Original Message-----
From: Ron L'Herault [SMTP:lherault-at-bu.edu]
Sent: Friday, June 12, 1998 8:02 PM
To: microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
Subject: vibration isolation tables


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of
America
To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to
ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
On-Line Help
http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

We have moved our lab (groan) and the new site is not ideal for
our scanning
microscope. It looks like we need a vibration isolation table
on the column
section. I'm looking for recommendations for good vendors.

Thanks

Ron
lherault-at-bu.edu




From: Woody.N.White-at-mcdermott.com
Date: 6/15/98 4:06 AM
Subject: Auto-exposure op amp

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

The first thing I would do is to check out the power supply for
spikes and check grounding. Since the problem seems intermittant,
it may prove difficult to "catch" it misbehaving. Another
possibility may be inductive "kick-baqck". If there are any relays
or solenoids associated with the circuit, a "snubber" diode across
the coil may have gone open. That would permit a high voltqge
spike to superimpose on the power supply.

In any case, you might try protective zener diodes. If the opamp
uses +- voltage, one would be needed for each polarity feed.
Choose a Zdiode with a rating a volt or two over the P.S. voltage.
Connect from power feed to ground AT the opamp. Be sure to observe
correct polarity.... If the added capacitance and the tiny
leakage current will not be a problem, the same can be done for the
inputs and output. If the I/O is bipolar, then two Zdiodes, wired
in series - cathode to cathode should be used. The voltage rating
of each these diodes should be slightly greated than the expected
excursion of the I/O line it is protecting

Good Luck! Woody
------------------------------------------------
Woody White, Electron Microscopist SEM/EDS/WDS

Work:
Mcdermott Technology, Inc.
woody.n.white-at-mcdermott.com
http://www.mtiresearch.com/

Home:
woody.white-at-worldnet.att.net
http://www.geocities.com/capecanaveral/3722



______________________________ Reply Separator
_________________________________


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

Hallo All

We have a Phillips EM 420 TEM. It is getting on in years, but is still
a lovely machine. We have a slight problem, though. The op-amp on the
board for the auto-exposure system seems to blow after only two to three
weeks use. We are not sure what the problem is and have been told by
the local Phillips guys that ours is the only machine that does this.
Short of trying to get a new/replacement board, are there any
suggestions/plans/calls of sympathy out there? Any help will be
appreciated. Thanks!

Regards
Alistair Douglas




From: Paul R. Perkes
Date: Friday, June 12, 1998 3:53PM
Subject: Kodak Plate Question

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
(SMTP Gateway for Microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com);
Mon, 15 Jun 1998 09:08:38 -0400
Message-Id: {199806151308.AA07916-at-gateway.ppg.com}
Received: by gateway.ppg.com (Protected-side Proxy Mail Agent-1);
Mon, 15 Jun 1998 09:08:38 -0400
Microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com

Hi Everyone,
A long time ago (about 13 years) we used to use 3 1/4"X4" glass
negative plates made by Kodak their catalog number was 185-5881. Maybe
you could contact Kodak and inquire if they still make them. I hope
this information helped.
Jane Glamp
PPG Inds.



----------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Can someone please help Matija with this question?

} Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 11:37:17 -0400 (EDT)
} From: Matija Maretic {matija-at-gravity.phys.utk.edu}
} To: paul.perkes-at-asu.edu
} MIME-version: 1.0
}
} Dear Mr. Perkes,
}
} My name is Matija Maretic and I am doing research at University of
} Tennessee at Knoxville. I know that Kodak carries a number of
} scientific glass plates which can produce high quality positive image,
but
} I am wondering if they carry a plate which can produce a high quality
} black & white negative.
} Do you know where I can find this kind of information?
}
} Thank you, Matija Maretic
}

Thanks,


Paul R. Perkes (602) 965-5218
Senior Applications Systems Analyst (602) 965-9004 FAX
Center for Solid State Science (602) 952-9583 Wireless
Arizona State University paul.perkes-at-asu.edu
Box 871704
Tempe, AZ 85287-1704





From: Alistair Douglas
Date: Monday, June 15, 1998 5:31AM
Subject: FIB facilities

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

You should try the small angle cleavage technique for these samples. No
ion milling at all. You just need a delicate touch.
Look up John McCaffrey and my paper in the TEM sample prep IV book from
MRS, vol 480, 1997. This is a detailed, pictorial outline of how to do
it. Send me your address and I'll send you a reprint. We are also
going to have are poster at M&M98 on the technique. South Bay
Technology has a kit that would cost you about the same as a day on an
FIB.

What is the substrate? If it is a II-VI, and you use the technique, I
would recommend a thickness of about 100-110 um for the final thickness.
If you have problems, instead of the 15 degrees, you might want to go a
little higher, say 18 degrees.

-Scott Walck

Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

Walck-at-PPG.com

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of Scott D. Walck and not of PPG
Industries, Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."



----------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Hallo All

A colleague of mine is preparing x-sectional TEM specimens of
CdZnTe/CdHgTe epilayers. We are using a new Gatan PIPS ion mill. The
problem is that some specimens come out very nicely, but others are
completely polycrystalline. The specimens are all prepared under the
same/closely similar conditions, but we are unable to make reproducible
TEM samples. I was therefore wondering whether there are any research
facilities out there with a FIB machine that might have some time
available on the machine to make some samples for us. Please advise as
to the availability of the machine, and rates which apply for use, etc.

Kind Regards
Alistair Douglas




From: Margaret Springett :      hukee.margaret-at-mayo.edu
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 10:41:49 -0600
Subject: RE: TEM Tissue Processors

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America





}
} The Lynx Tissue Processor (now sold by Leica) is an instrument I have
} used for nearly 13 years-both here and at my previous employer.
} Operationally, the Lynx (and the RMC processor-a descendent of the old
} LKB processor) provides 20 stations that carry reagents up to pure
} resin. Both are carousel designs (with some differences) that have
} vials for reagents. I have used these for osmium through pure resin. A
} number of programs can be entered into memory, and the processing
} schedule tailored for the type of resin and the different dehydrants and
} en bloc staining protocols. It is theoretically possible to use the
} machine for immunocytochemistry or enzyme cytochemistry protocols, but I
} have not utilized them for those procedures.
}
} The original instrument (purchased from Lynx before Leica took it over)
} was reliable and operated smoothly for the 4 years I was in that lab. I
} cannot give as ringing an endorsement to the unit we purchased here in
} 1990. Over the first 4 or 5 years, although there was low demand for
} use, we maintained the unit and did routine test runs. However, it has
} been necessary to send the unit back to Leica more times than I can (or
} care to) remember. It has run quite consistently for the last six
} months, during which time I have needed to process large numbers of
} samples daily for several weeks (I'd really rather not think about it).
} Hopefully, after nearly 8 years, the bugs have been worked out.
}
} I have no experience with the RMC unit, and have been unable to get them
} to provide a demo unit for actual lab testing. That is frustrating. I
} wish you the best in your quest.
}
} Roger Moretz, Ph.D.
} Dept of Toxicology
}
}
} -----Original Message-----
} From: John N. Wright [SMTP:johnw-at-uts.cc.utexas.edu]
} Sent: Friday, June 12, 1998 2:40 PM
} To: Microscopy Community
} Subject: TEM Tissue Processors
}
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of
} America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to
} ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help
} http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
}
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} We are looking for a TEM tissue processor similar to the
} histological
} instruments that are available but one that would allow the
} automated (or
} nearly so ) fixation, dehydration, embedding and polymerization
} into
} various resins. I believe BAL-TEC used to make a freeze
} substitution
} unit that appeared to allow a number of resins and protocols,
} the FSU 010
} but I can't find any sources of information regarding this or
} similar
} instruments. Any leads or comments would be appreciated.
}
} Thanks in advance,
} John N. Wright
}


Margaret Springett
e-mail hukee.margaret-at-mayo.edu
IEM Specialist at Mayo Foundation
1426 Guggenheim
Rochester, Mn. 55905






From: Murphy, Judy :      murphy-at-sjdccd.cc.ca.us
Date: 15 Jun 1998 09:21:29 -0700
Subject: Need Position HELP, ASAP

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
"Murphy 9801" {murphy-at-inreach.com} ,
"Thome, Jim" {jthome-at-sjdccd.cc.ca.us}
X-Mailer: Mail*Link SMTP for Quarterdeck Mail; Version 4.1.0
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1"; Name="Message Body"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable



From: Murphy, Judy :      murphy-at-sjdccd.cc.ca.us
Date: 15 Jun 1998 09:21:29 -0700
Subject: Need Position HELP, ASAP

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

Dear fellow microscopists and friends,
At San Joaquin Delta College, Microscopy Technology Center, we are a =
2 yr microscopy training program, as many of you know. Recently we =
posted a position for an Adjunct for Teaching Fall semester 1998 while I =
take a sabbatical. Unfortunately the person that signed the contract =
for it, decided Friday that he no longer wants to do it. This leaves us =
in a real bind.
If any of you have ANY ideas for getting these four courses taught =
this fall (the position info is listed below with the courses) in =
Stockton, CA, please e mail me directly. If you want to apply, contact =
Human Resources directly at 209/954-5056 for an application.
Perhaps you know someone who is just finishing a post doc and might =
like it for the semester, or someone who could take a leave for a =
semester from industry or educational institution.
OR perhaps you know someone who could teach one of the courses and =
is nearby. We are open to any kind of suggestion at this point. The job =
offers full benefits and a good salary for the semester.
The courses would not require development of new courses as these =
courses have been fully developed. Course materials are available to aid =
in the instruction.
My sabbatical is locked in for Fall as I must beat the bushes to make =
$3 million for our new building to match the state's funding of $4.5 =
million.
Any ideas are welcome. If you could teach the courses, you can get an =
application at Human Resources whose phone number is listed below.
Any help is appreciated. If this note sounds a bit desperate, IT IS. =
Time is of the essence.

Thanks
Judy Murphy

Judy Murphy
Microscopy Technology Center
San Joaquin Delta College
5151 Pacific Ave
Stockton, CA 95207
209/954-5284
FAX 209/954-5600
e-mail; jmurphy-at-sjdccd.cc.ca.us


URGENT: ADJUNCT FACULTY NEEDED
FALL Semester 1998 (Aug. 12 - Dec 18, 1998)

A San Joaquin Delta College Faculty member of the Microscopy Technology =
Center is planning a Sabbatical Leave for the Fall '98 semester. San =
Joaquin Delta Community College is currently searching for an EM =
Instructor Adjunct / Temporary One Semester Contract for Fall 98 (Aug. 12 =
- Dec 18, 1998).

MINIMUM QUALIFICATIONS:
Bachelor's Degree plus two years of directly related experience OR an =
Associate Degree plus six years of directly related experience OR a valid =
credential.

DESIRABLE QUALIFICATIONS: Master's or PhD Degree in a Biological =
Science; Experience in teaching / practice of Electron Microscopy

COURSES TO BE TAUGHT:

Introductory Techniques for Transmission Electron Microscopy (EM21)
This is a lecture/lab course which includes beginning Transmission =
Electron Microscopy dealing with the alignment and operation of the TEM, =
vacuum techniques, photographic techniques, as well as the preparation of =
particles and replicas for viewing in the TEM. Includes individual =
training in the use of the TEM, preparation techniques, and written and =
oral reports. (Lec - 2 hrs; Lab - 3 hrs/wk)

Biological Ultrastructure (EM28)
Course contents include specific information about the fine structure and =
function of cells and tissue at the ultrastructure level. Videos, slides =
and micrograph examination will be correlated with the lectures so that =
students will learn to recognize the fine structure of cells and tissues =
in relationship to their function. (Lec-2 hrs/wk)

Advanced Techniques in Biological Electron Microscopy (EM37)
Course contents include lecture and laboratory which covers advanced =
techniques for biological specimen preparation in TEM including an =
advanced research project.( Lec - 1 hr; Lab - 6 hr/wks)

** Current Microscopies: Optics, Theory and Application (EM30)
Course contents include information related to the physical laws and =
applications of the various types of current microscopies e.g. =
TEM,SEM,FIB, AFM, and confocal microscopy, as well as other current =
topics e.g. asbestos analysis, lab design, etc. (Lec - 2 hrs; Lab - 3 =
hrs/wk)
** This course is negotiable. A portion of this assignment would be =
paid as an additional overload.

The above teaching load would not require development of new courses as =
these courses have been fully developed. Course materials are available =
to aid in the instruction.
TERMS OF EMPLOYMENT: Full semester, Non-tenured track position with Full =
Benefits (Medical, Dental, & Vision).
SALARY for Fall 98 semester:
BA/BS w/ 2 yrs experience
or AA w/ 6 yrs experience$17,498 - 25,333 for Fall 98 sem

MA/MS$19, 219 - 28,137 for Fall 98 sem

PhD$ 22,528 - 31,739 for Fall 98 sem

APPLICATION: Contact Human Resources at 209/954-5056.
Human Resources
San Joaquin Delta College Admin. Bldg. Rm 202
5151 Pacific Ave
Stockton, CA 95207

DEADLINE: Please send your cover letter of application, an application =
form for employment, and copies of all transcripts as soon as possible. =
The Screening Committee plans to begin the review of applications on June =
29, 1998.

Additional SJDC Microscopy Technology Program Information available at =
http://www.sjdccd.cc.ca.us/ElectMicro/sjdc.html/






From: J.F.Moura Nunes :      mop59455-at-mail.telepac.pt
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 15:22:06 +0100
Subject: Re: TEM Cacodylate buffers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
by PACIFICO.mail.telepac.pt (Intermail v3.1 117 241) with ESMTP
id {19980615175355.CAAZ14546-at-host.telepac.pt}
for {Microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com} ;
Mon, 15 Jun 1998 17:53:55 +0000
Reply-To: {-at-mail.telepac.pt}

Dan Caruso asked:

{Are there any advantages to using cacodylate buffers in fixatives as
{opposed to phosphate buffers? Are there any disadvantages in addition to
{the toxicity of cacodylate buffers?Specifically, I am working with human
{corneas. Thanks for your replies.

One of the reported advantages of cacodylate buffers - Andrey Glauert
dixit - is that they do not support microbial growth, e.g. fungi.
This is almost true. Fungi can actually grow in glutaraldehyde fixed
tissue 'eating up' the fixed protein, and traveling throughout less dense
spaces, sometimes giving images suitable to illustrate science-fiction
'infections'.
We reported this some years ago in

Growth of fungi in cacodilate buffer - J.F. Moura Nunes, A.P. Aguas e J.O.
Soares - Stain Technology, 55: 191-192, 1980


Best wishes

J.F.Moura Nunes
Lab. Electron Microscopy
Portuguese Cancer Institute
1093 Lisbon Codex
Portugal






From: David Webb :      davehawaiiedu-at-email.msn.com
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 09:18:24 -0500
Subject: TEM & SEM Images of Plant Cells & Structures

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I teach two upper level classes Plant Anatomy & Structure and Function of
Algae and Land Plants. I am constructing web pages for them. These can be
seen from my home page www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/webb/default.htm

I need EM images, especially for plant and algal cell ultrastructure. All
algae are welcome. However, SEM images would also be welcome. I would like
to post these on our server so that they could be accessed via the Internet.
Authors would be credited. I have my own digitizer. Thus, you could send me
a photographic slide or negative (color OR black and white) as well as
Prints!!!! Otherwise, I could send you a ZIP Disk or Floppy Disks which you
could use to transfer files. I will pay postage!!! Finally, I could download
them from a web site. Feel free to use any of my images. I am working on
Plant Anatomy this summer and that site will be expanding rapidly during
July. Finally, if you know of any good websites for the above, please let me
know.







From: John Arnott :      ladres-at-worldnet.att.net
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 15:34:58 -0400
Subject: Victawet Uses

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

In response to the recent discussions concerning victawet we'd like to
make the following case:

Ladd has manufactured Vacuum Evaporators for the EM field for over 30
years. Since each one has to be factory tested upon completion it's
important that we are able to make them spotless again prior to shipping
After trying to accomplish this for years we settled on the following
procedure:

1. Evaporate victawet from a tungsten basket which coats the bell jar


2. Test Evaporator

3. Using a soap solution and lint free cloths we then wipe down the
internal parts.

This has worked well for us for years.

SUBSTRATES

We periodically do special substrates for some of our customers who
insist they be as contamination free as humanly possible. To accomplish
this we use victawet prior to the substrate run. This assures the
elimination of any possible residual oil.

John Arnott
LADD RESEARCH
13 Dorset Lane
Williston, VT 05495

TEL: 800/451-3406 FAX: 802/878-8074
email: ladres-at-worldnet.att.net / website:
http://www.msa.microscopy.com/SM/LADD

***************************** DISCLAIMER ****************************
Ladd Research sells victawet, vacuum evaporators, bell jars, substrates
and other products mentioned in this e-mail




From: John Arnott :      ladres-at-worldnet.att.net
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 16:46:01 -0400
Subject: Ladd Research Web Site

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Just to let all those who are interested know, Ladd Research now has a
web site on the MSA Sustaining Members Page. The address is:

http://www.microscopy.com/SM/LADD

Many thanks to Nestor for his help!

Thanks,

Rita Arnott
Ladd Research
13 Dorset Lane
Williston, VT 05495

Tel - 800-451-3406
802-878-6711
Fax - 802-878-8074

e-mail - ladres-at-worldnet.att.net
website - http://www.microscopy.com/SM/LADD




From: crow-at-xxxaloha.net (anon)
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 17:10:56 -1000 (HST)
Subject: Microtome Sectioning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I am about to begin a phase of a research project involving
microtome
sectioning of flowers and fruits for developmental studies. I am
interested in finding any educational cd's, vcr's, or other resources
on
the process of rotary microtome sectioning. I have several books
and
"human" resources for guidance but it would be helpful if there are
any
other visual or lab teaching aids out there as well.

Thanks in advance for any leads or ideas.

please respond to:
crow-at-aloha.net


_______________________________________________________________
Melany H. Chapin

To Reply Please Remove Spam-Proof "XXX" from return address.

ADDRESS: crow-at-aloha.net

After dark, all cats are leopards. (Zuni proverb) We will be known by the
tracks we leave. (Dakota) When the legends die, the dreams end; there is no
more greatness (Shawnee) Every animal knows more than you do. (Nez Perce)
________________________________________________________________






From: Allen R. Sampson :      ars-at-sem.com
Date: Tue, 16 Jun 1998 01:31:53 -0600
Subject: Re: Auto-exposure op amp

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I don't have the schematics of that particular instrument handy, but
here's a simple tip. If there are any transistors being driven by
this opamp, replace them. Often in repairing a problem, a failed
component will be replaced and the circuit will operate, but related
components in the circuit may have been stressed to the point where
they make excessive demands on the replaced component.

Another situation arises where a component may get marginal in
operation, such as a transistor suffering from thermal runaway. That
component may not fail but may cause others to fail. Replacing a
component earlier in the circuit may correct the apparent problem,
but not the cause - the replaced part will soon require replacement
again.

} Hallo All
}
} We have a Phillips EM 420 TEM. It is getting on in years, but is
} still a lovely machine. We have a slight problem, though. The
} op-amp on the board for the auto-exposure system seems to blow after
} only two to three weeks use. We are not sure what the problem is
} and have been told by the local Phillips guys that ours is the only
} machine that does this. Short of trying to get a new/replacement
} board, are there any suggestions/plans/calls of sympathy out there?
} Any help will be appreciated. Thanks!
}
} Regards
} Alistair Douglas
Allen R. Sampson
Advanced Research Systems
317 North 4th. Street
St. Charles, IL 60174
PH 630.513.7093 FAX 630.513.7092 Email: ars-at-mcs.net
WWW: http://www.mcs.net/~ars
Analytical instrument maintenance services




From: Daniele Spehner :      daniele.spehner-at-etss.u-strasbg.fr
Date: Tue, 16 Jun 1998 09:41:05 +0200
Subject: (pas d'objet)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

please subscribe
-- =

**************************************************************
* Dani=E8le SPEHNER, CJF 94-03 INSERM *
* Etablissement de Transfusion Sanguine de STRASBOURG *
* 10 rue Spielmann, B.P. 36- 67065 Strasbourg-Cedex, FRANCE. *
* Tel : (33) 03 88 21 25 25 - Fax : (33) 03 88 21 25 21 *
**************************************************************




From: Tina Carvalho :      tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 22:13:02 -1000 (HST)
Subject: Negative staining Champaigning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Many thanks to everyone who replied to my query about non-bubbles with
negative staining. The replies confirm what I'd always suspected lo these
more than 20 years at EM - it's not just me, no one knows what's going on
with some of this stuff. It's all witchcraft.

ohn Bozzola has called the effect Champaigning, which is a lovely
description. Many people sent me their pet ideas about what causes the
effect, and what to do about it. I can debunk most of them, usually in
the course of one staining session. Sigh.

I get it with UrAc, PTA, and uranyl formate.
I don't carbon coat my grids, so hydrophobic carbon is not the culprit.
There was no glycerol in the sample.
Wetting agents have not helped.
I can get good spreads, and last week one of the grids was gorgeous, while
the other 19 spread well but had bubbles.
Happens with all kinds of samples.

The main difference with the one that worked was that it dried longer
while I babbled on atthe people I was training. I will pursue this line of
investigation.

Sacrifices to Pele generally help, but already the microscope room is full
of ti leaves. (Even our engineers get into this.)

As for my other uranyl acetate question-
I know UrAc is light sensitive, and so I have always kept it in a dark
bottle in the fridge where presumably the light is out when the door is
closed. I can't confirm this. Anyway, for the stuff left out in room
light, I had always wrapped the container with aluminum foil. I keep
stain in 10 cc syringes with millepore filters on them at room temp so
they are always ready for staining. I recently read that foil was a bad
idea, but with no explanation. Phil Oshel offers one-

"It's worse than you think. UAc is afraid of the dark. When wrapped in
foil, it starts shaking with fear, and the nuclei go into resonance,
lowering the nuclear-shell transition energies. More neutrons are
released, leading to a chain-reaction.

This is know as phobiafusion, and was discovered by a group of unemployeed
physicists and molecular biologists in San Fransico who had set up as
macromolecular psychotherapists."

It made me laugh.

Aloha,
Tina

http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf/microangela
****************************************************************************
* Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
* Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251 *
* University of Hawaii at Manoa * http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
****************************************************************************






From: Ritchie Sims :      r.sims-at-auckland.ac.nz
Date: Tue, 16 Jun 1998 22:45:17 GMT+1200
Subject: Mail-order supplier please?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi listers

Does anyone have a fax or email address for a supplier of electronic
components who's likely to be able to supply me with 6 or so Burgess
microswitches type V4T7-GP ?
Local agents have a minumum order of 50!

cheers

Ritchie

Ritchie Sims Phone : 64 9 3737599 ext 7713
Department of Geology Fax : 64 9 3737435
The University of Auckland email : r.sims-at-auckland.ac.nz
Private Bag 92019
Auckland
New Zealand




From: Michel Deschuyteneer :      deschuyt-at-sbbio.be
Date: Tue, 16 Jun 1998 13:04:44 +0200
Subject: Re: vibration isolation tables

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Ron,

I recommend Newport Micro-Controle. Sorry, I don't know their address in the
US since I dealt with their Belgian representative.
They custom designed a table for my LEO/Zeiss EM912 which works perfectly.
I should also point out the excellent contact and customer service I received.

Usual disclaimer: no personal interest in this company, I'm just a very
satisfied customer.

Regards,
Michel

****************************************************
Michel Deschuyteneer, Ph.D. deschuyt-at-sbbio.be
Scientist Electron Microscopy Laboratory

SmithKline Beecham Biologicals
Rue de l'Institut, 89 B1330 Rixensart, BELGIUM
Tel: +32-2-656 9290 Fax: +32-2-656 8164
****************************************************
Standard disclaimer: the opinions expressed in this
communication are my own and do not necessarily
reflect those of SmithKline Beecham.
****************************************************





From: Luc Harmsen :      anaspec-at-icon.co.za
Date: Tue, 16 Jun 1998 13:19:39 +0200
Subject: Tracor Noran Ln 2 sensor

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi,
I have a question on the older NIM bin Ln2 sensor / bias protection modules Tracor Northern used. Module 1236.
Does someone know what device they used as the sensor that went in the Ln2. Was it a diode or a thermistor of type ?
We have the module that we would like to use on another system, but have no reference to the sensor device.

Thanks
Luc Harmsen
Anaspec, South Africa
International technical support on microscopy.
Tel: +27 (0) 11 476 3455
Fax:+27 (0) 11 476 7290
anaspec-at-icon.co.za






From: tflore-at-lsumc.edu (Flores, Teresa)
Date: Tue, 16 Jun 1998 07:25:03 -0500
Subject: Re: Spanish unite with NSH

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

}
} To: {FreidaC-at-aol.com}
} From:tflore-at-lsumc.edu (Teresa Flores)
} Subject:Re: Spanish unite with NSH
} Cc:histonet-at-pathology.swmed.edu
}
} Frieda, thanks for all your suggestions and your genuine concern.
} I thought that you knew that there was is a Sociedad de Latinoamericana de
} Histotecnologia (SOLAHT), of which, I am the President and Rosemary
} Velasquez is the Secretary-Treasurer. SOLAHT was founded in 1995 in Santa
} Cruz, Bolivia. There are approximately over 300 members and over 100 that
} I have not had an opportunity to imput or respond to (because of personal
} commitments and the tremendous amount of work I have right now). These
} members range from Mexico, Guatemala, Panama, Costa Rica, San Salvador,
} Nicaragua, Honduras, Bolivia, Ecuador, Paraguary, Argentina, Chile (I
} might have left out a country or two). I did not realize how time
} consumeing it would be to keep up with the SOLAHT and sometimes I am
} overwhelmed.
} I believe I will send out a communication to the SOLAHT with information
} on becoming an NSH member. I would need NSH International yearly dues and
} what they would include. Also, if SOLAHT members want to become NSH
} members and not receive the Histology journal, is there a lesser NSH fee?
} Or if SOLAHT members just want the Histotechnology journal, is there a
} lesser NSH fee?
} Frieda, please give me all the particulars and options so that I may relay
} the information to SOLAHT members.
} In the communication to SOLAHT I will be requesting e-mail addresses to
} try and begin a listserver.
} Thanks again for all your help. Teresa.
} ,} Theresa:
} }
} } There is no provision for corresponding members in NSH. All members outside
} } of the US and Canada are International members and they pay the same dues and
} } receive the same benefits as the regular active members.
} }
} } Hard Tissues do not have an extra day. There are special workshops and
} } seminars especially slanted toward the VIR or hard-tissue group, but some are
} } attended by clinical members.
} }
} } We would have to have a guarantee of a certain number of Spanish-speaking
} } attendees in order to make special concessions. Rather than an extra day,
} } translators might be a better choice. However this would probably cost a lot
} } more and an extra charge would have to be made. I do not know how we could
} } guarantee attendees either.
} }
} } If there is as much interest as you say, has there been any thought given to
} } South and Central American and Mexico forming a Spanish-speaking Society?
} }
} } I know I am not being much help - but I do not know what to suggest.
} }
} } Freida
}






From: beth-at-dogwood.botany.uga.edu (Beth Richardson)
Date: Tue, 16 Jun 1998 10:06:54 -0500
Subject: MSA volunteers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

To all MSA/MAS '98 meeting attendees (esp. SEMS, AREMS and AMS members),
If you don't want to see Centennial Olympic Park or be sippin' mint juleps
on the veranda we could use your help staffing the Information and
Hospitality Booth. Cynthia Goldsmith and I are coordinating the Booth. If
you have a few hours to spare please let me know. No prior experience is
necessary and I guarantee your pay stub will have a lot of zeros in it :-).

Thanks for considering this matter.
See you in Atlanta,
Beth Richardson

**************************************
Beth Richardson
EM Lab Coordinator
Botany Department
University of Georgia
Athens, GA 30602

Phone - (706) 542-1790
FAX - (706) 542-1805
Email - beth-at-dogwood.botany.uga.edu
**************************************






From: Fagerland,Jane :      jane.a.fagerland-at-abbott.com
Date: Tue, 16 Jun 1998 09:47:44 -0500
Subject: Midwest Microscopy and Microanalysis Society Meeting - Biolo

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

The Biological Sciences meeting of MMMS will be held on Wednesday, July=
1 at
the Blood Research Institute in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Registration and=

Poster Set-up begin at 10:00 a.m.; the first scientific presentation st=
arts
at 10:30 a.m.

Registration is free to current members, and attendees may join the soc=
iety
at the meeting. Dues are $10 for regular members and $5 for students. =
No
pre-registration is required to attend the scientific sessions; however=
, if
you wish to have lunch with us, we DO need a headcount and menu selecti=
ons by
June 26. YOU MUST RETURN YOUR MENU SELECTIONS TO US, IF YOU WANT TO
PARTICIPATE IN LUNCH!

The menu, complete agenda, and travel instructions will be sent to curr=
ent
MMMS members this week. For anyone else interested in attending, pleas=
e
contact Linda LaRonge-Snow at
linda.snow.nmi-at-abbott.com OR telephone (847) 937-5251 OR fax (847) 93=
8-5027
with a fax number or mailing address (fax preferred).

Poster space is available for anyone wanting to show off their work.
Available space for each poster is 3 X 5 feet. We'd like to have a rou=
gh
estimate of the number of posters, so please contact Jim DiOrio at
diorio-at-baxter.com if you intend to display a poster. Last minute entr=
ies,
however, will be accepted!

The meeting agenda is as follows:

10:00 - Registration and Poster Set-up

10:30 - Using Correlative Microscopy in Biological Problem Solving; Ral=
ph
Albrecht, Ph.D.,
Univ. WI - Madison

11:15 - Localization of C-Terminal Gamma Chain Regions in Gold-Cadaveri=
ne
Labeled Fibrinogen by STEM; Michael Mosesson, M.D., Univ. WI Medical =
School

Noon - Lunch and Poster Session; Medical College of Wisconsin

1:00 - Digital Manipulation of Acquired Images: "What Is Possible vs. W=
hat is
Ethical"; John Kinnamon, Ph.D., Univ. Denver; MSA/LAS sponsored speake=
r

1:45 - Roses and Feathers; Joseph Harb, Ph.D., Diagnostic EM, Med. Coll=
ege of
Wisconsin

2:30 - Microscopic Characterization of T-DNA Tagged Male-Sterile Arabid=
opsis
thalianaLines; Heather Owen, Ph.D., Univ. WI - Milwaukee

3:15 - Refreshments

3:30 - Digital Imaging Workshop - John Kinnamon, Ph.D.

For further information, you can contact me at jane.a.fagerland-at-abbott.=
com.
Hope to see you in Milwaukee on July 1st!


Jane A. Fagerland, Ph.D.
President, MMMS
=




From: William Tivol :      tivol-at-wadsworth.org
Date: Tue, 16 Jun 1998 11:31:55 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Uranyl acetate and aluminum foil

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Tina,
}
} I remember reading somewhere that we should not wrap contianers of uranyl
} acetate in aluminum foil. Why is that? Is there a danger of
} bremstrunghumuhumunukunukuapuaa radiation? (Sorry, it's Friday afternoon
} and I clearly don't know what I'm talking about.)
}
I am not sure why one wouldn't wrap UAc containers in Al foil, but
it has nothing to do with radiation. The only kind of radiation which will
penetrate the bottle to interact with the foil would be gammas from some
of the daughters of the U. If one had a very thin-walled container and a
very energetic beta, one might have to worry about brehmsstrahlung radiation
(It's Tuesday morning & I'm still awake), but since its production goes
as a power of Z, Al is one of the better metals for avoiding this problem.
Be is the best mechanically sound metal for avoiding brehmsstrahlung, but
has other problems. Plastic is another good material for avoiding it.
Yours,
Bill Tivol




From: oshel-at-shout.net (Philip Oshel)
Date: Tue, 16 Jun 1998 12:41:58 -0500
Subject: Re: Negative staining Champaigning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Phobia*fission*! Sorry. I was so worried about the effects of a small
nucleopsychotic reaction in Tina's 'fridge that I mixed up my fused and
split personalities.

Phil

} As for my other uranyl acetate question-
} I know UrAc is light sensitive, and so I have always kept it in a dark
} bottle in the fridge where presumably the light is out when the door is
} closed. I can't confirm this. Anyway, for the stuff left out in room
} light, I had always wrapped the container with aluminum foil. I keep
} stain in 10 cc syringes with millepore filters on them at room temp so
} they are always ready for staining. I recently read that foil was a bad
} idea, but with no explanation. Phil Oshel offers one-
}
} "It's worse than you think. UAc is afraid of the dark. When wrapped in
} foil, it starts shaking with fear, and the nuclei go into resonance,
} lowering the nuclear-shell transition energies. More neutrons are
} released, leading to a chain-reaction.
}
} This is know as phobiafusion, and was discovered by a group of unemployeed
} physicists and molecular biologists in San Fransico who had set up as
} macromolecular psychotherapists."
}
} It made me laugh.
}
} Aloha,
} Tina
}
} http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf/microangela
} ****************************************************************************
} * Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
} * Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251 *
} * University of Hawaii at Manoa * http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
} ****************************************************************************

}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{
Philip Oshel
PO Box 5037
Station A
Champaign, IL 61825-5037
(217) 355-1143
oshel-at-shout.net
or poshel-at-hotmail.com
***** looking for a job *****







From: bozzola-at-siu.edu (John J. Bozzola)
Date: Tue, 16 Jun 1998 15:41:04 -0600
Subject: Re: Uranyl acetate and aluminum foil

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

The real reason for not using aluminum foil is that the acetate ion will
decompose the aluminum (if liquid dribbles down the side of the container
--- gasp --- and onto the foil). This generates a crumbly mess that is
contaminated with Ur to boot. If one carefully pipettes the UrAc, the
contact is avoided. We have used aluminum to cover our UrAc for several
decades and only once did the Al decompose (in out student laboratory).

} } I remember reading somewhere that we should not wrap contianers of uranyl
} } acetate in aluminum foil. Why is that? Is there a danger of
} } bremstrunghumuhumunukunukuapuaa radiation? (Sorry, it's Friday afternoon
} } and I clearly don't know what I'm talking about.)
} }
} I am not sure why one wouldn't wrap UAc containers in Al foil, but
} it has nothing to do with radiation. The only kind of radiation which will
} penetrate the bottle to interact with the foil would be gammas from some
} of the daughters of the U. If one had a very thin-walled container and a
} very energetic beta, one might have to worry about brehmsstrahlung radiation
} (It's Tuesday morning & I'm still awake), but since its production goes
} as a power of Z, Al is one of the better metals for avoiding this problem.
} Be is the best mechanically sound metal for avoiding brehmsstrahlung, but
} has other problems. Plastic is another good material for avoiding it.

####################################################################
John J. Bozzola, Ph.D., Director
Center for Electron Microscopy
Neckers Building, Room 146 - B Wing
Southern Illinois University
Carbondale, IL 62901
U.S.A.
Phone: 618-453-3730
Fax: 618-453-2665
Email: bozzola-at-siu.edu
Web: http://www.siu.edu/departments/shops/cem.html
####################################################################






From: Ronald Vane :      RVaneXEI-at-concentric.net
Date: Tue, 16 Jun 1998 15:03:03 -0700
Subject: Re: Tracor Noran Ln 2 sensor

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

The TN 1236 Bias Protection Module was actually designed and built by
Tracor X-ray which is now Spectrace Instruments, 1275 Hammerwood Avenue,
Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA. phone 408-744-1414 www.spectrace.com
Wayne Watson or Bill Drummond could help you on this. I believe the
sensor was a thermistor. They may still use the same sensor in their XRF
spectrometers with LN detectors.

Ronald Vane
XEI Scientific

Luc Harmsen wrote:
}
} Hi,
} I have a question on the older NIM bin Ln2 sensor / bias protection modules Tracor Northern used. Module 1236.
} Does someone know what device they used as the sensor that went in the Ln2. Was it a diode or a thermistor of type ?
} We have the module that we would like to use on another system, but have no reference to the sensor device.
}
} Thanks
} Luc Harmsen
} Anaspec, South Africa
} International technical support on microscopy.
} Tel: +27 (0) 11 476 3455
} Fax:+27 (0) 11 476 7290
} anaspec-at-icon.co.za





From: jmkrupp-at-cats.ucsc.edu (Jon Krupp)
Date: Tue, 16 Jun 1998 16:56:35 -0700
Subject: LM: Suggest Stereo Scope & Camera?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi:

I have been asked to recommend a stereo light microscope and camera
combination for use in a classroom situation. I turn to you, the experts,
for suggestions, advice, and ideas.

The microscope will be used in a plankton class to record images of
'things'. The pictures will be used to share with other students in the
class so everyone can see the 'things' everyone else collected. The
pictures might also be used in student reports and possibly made into 2x2
slides for teaching. Images of the highest quality are not required, but
they should be reasonably good.

I am not familiar with the latest in stereo microscopes so some pointers
here would be helpful. Are there any models that stand out as particularly
good candidates for this type of application?

For this application I suggested some sort of digital camera and printer.
Could a Pixera system fulfill the needs of this user? How about an
inexpensive color printer to have nearby?

At the moment, there is no budget for this project. When I asked 'How much
is available?', I got "Well, I don't know, but, you know, there is always
some end of the year money that we have to spend".

Sooooo, hit me with your best shot. I am thinking of a simple stereo scope,
a good fiber optic light source, a simple digital camera, and a simple
digital printer for 3" x 5" pictures. It will probably have to be on the
inexpensive side and fairly bulletproof.

If you have any experience with specific combinations of components that
worked well or turned out poorly, let me know and I will pass your info. on
to the interested folks here.

Thanks again for your thoughtful contributions.

Jonathan Krupp
Microscopy and Imaging Lab
University of California
Santa Cruz, CA 95064
(408) 459-2477
FAX (408) 429-0146
jmkrupp-at-cats.ucsc.edu
**Area code changing to
831 as of 7/11/98**






From: casixcn :      casixcn-at-public.fz.fj.cn
Date: Wed, 17 Jun 1998 11:59:04 +0800
Subject: The largest supplier of Nd:YVO4 laser crystal in the world

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a News Release from CASIX, Inc. CASIX will send it to you every
two weeks to announce recent advances taken by CASIX in the photonics
field as well as important event related. If you want to unsubscribe
from the mailing list, you may simply turn back this with subject
unsubscribe.

CASIX:
The largest supplier of Nd:YVO4 laser crystal in the world


Nd:YVO4, an excellent laser crystal, is used most suitably to build
stable and cost effective diode pumped lasers, or frequency-doubled
microchip lasers. Compared to Nd:YAG, the major advantages in those
applications are from its very favorable spectroscopic characteristics
and physico-chemical and mechanical properties (large stimulated
emission cross-section at lasing wavelength, high absorption coefficient
and wide absorption bandwidth at pump wavelength, and high laser induced
damage threshold and so on)
With the most advanced technologies in growth and inspection, CASIX is
producing large Nd:YVO4 ingots of high optical quality (f30x40 mm3 in
size). It has capability to provide finished parts with dimension of
3x3x1~5mm3 in quantities 5000 to 10000 per month.
CASIX devotes to supply the product to you, research or OEM customers,
with the most attractive price to promote the above technical innovation
in the market.
For further more, please double-clicking at:
http://www.casix.com/NYVO4.htm
Marketing Manager
Daisy Wu
CASIX, Inc.
PO Box 1103
Fuzhou, Fujian 350014
China
Tel: +86-591-362-1246
Fax: +86-591-362-1248
E-mail: CASIX-at-public.sta.net.cn
Web: http://www.casix.com
CASIX in USA
21822 Lassen St., #G
Chatsworth, CA 91311
Tel: (818) 709-7636
Fax: (818) 885-6926
E-mail: CasixUS-at-aol.com




From: Nancy Zjaba :      Nancy.Zjaba-at-nsc.com
Date: 17 Jun 1998 04:26:24 -0700
Subject: Image analysis software

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

Thanks to all who wrote with suggestions for image analysis software packages.
Your
comments and recommendations were very helpful.

Nancy Zjaba
National Semiconductor
South Portland, ME




From: info :      info-at-zeus.csd.auth.gr
Date: Wed, 17 Jun 1998 18:41:40 +0300
Subject: New 3D Microscopy Software - Visit our Web site !

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
(1.38.193.4/16.2) id AA06588; Wed, 17 Jun 1998 18:48:30 +0300
Message-Id: {3.0.5.32.19980617184140.008a8740-at-zeus.csd.auth.gr}
X-Sender: info-at-zeus.csd.auth.gr
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32)




Visit our website and download a free demo of our new software

specifically designed for 3D Microscopy at


{underline} {color} {param} 0000,0000,fefe {/param} http://www.alphatecltd.com/alphatec/eikona3d.html

{/color} {/underline}


EIKONA3D for Windows 95 and NT is a Volumetric Image Processing, Analysis
and

Visualization software package, that was specifically designed for

3D microscopy. This software package has been built for processing,

analyzing and visualizing microscopy volumes (3D data sets or series of

slices).


Applications of EIKONA3D include:

1) Confocal microscopy

2) Image slices (volumes) from optical microscopes produced after

mechanical or

optical slicing

3) Image slices (volumes) from electron microscopes produced after
mechanical

slicing

4) Any other microscopy application that produces serial digital slices
or

digital

volumes.

5) Stereo microscopy images


EIKONA3D functionalities are:


1) Import/save of any volume or slice files (raw, TIFF, GIF, BMP, JPG,
raw

volumes)

2) Various volume display options (slice/movie display, gallery
display,

simultaneous 3 cross-section

display, etc)

3) Geometric transformations, various interpolation functions

4) Various 3D filtering operations (e.g. moving average, median)

5) Various 3D edge detectors, 3D region segmentation functions, region

labeling

6) 3D shape analysis, mathematical morphology

7) Fast slice alignment

8) Contour following and storage

9) 3D surface reconstruction (including branching, merging)

10) Surface rendering, change of object colors, creation of movie

11) True volumetric rendering, movie creation

12) Various projections (max, average, normal), cross-sectioning, movie

creation

13) Very fast native Windows 95/ Windows NT application

14) User friendly GUI, manual

15) Expansion capabilities of Eikona3d with user- written modules
(dlls).





If you want to recieve the free demo by email, please reply to this
message

or contact {underline} Rafal Kunwar {/underline} at
alphatec-at-alphatecltd.com


Furthermore, we can a sample an image sequence for you and send you the

outcome FREE

of any charge, to check EIKONA3D suitability for your work.






From: Robert H. Olley :      R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk
Date: Wed, 17 Jun 1998 17:28:54 +0100 (BST)
Subject: Historical: Micro Images by Haeckel

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Recently there has been interest in providing TEM or SEM pictures of single
celled creatures for use in educational websites, etc. But while today we
have access to wonderful imagery undreamed of by our forbears, we should not
overlook the wonderful achievements of the optical microscopists of the 19th
century. So if you want:

DESMIDS, DIATOMS or RADIOLARIANS

I cannot suggest better than "ART FORMS IN NATURE" by ERNST HAECKEL, one of
the greatest of the 19th century microscopists. This book of his drawings
was published by Dover in 1974. All sorts of creatures, laid out in
beautiful symmetric patterns (Maurits Escher, eat your heart out!) How high
Haeckel's reputation was can be seen in this quote from "Life and its
Beginnings" (1914) by Dr Helen Webb:

"There is really no end to the wonders which can be told of the varieties
of little one-celled creatures. I can here give you only a few examples
of them and their peculiarities. If we want to know more, as we all do,
there are numbers of interesting books written about them which we can
read. Even when the books themselves are very difficult the pictures are
delightful to look at. Some of the loveliest are to be found in Haeckel's
books, and if ever you have an opportunity I advise you to try and draw
some of them.

O Lord, how manifold are Thy works !
In wisdom hast Thou made them all: ...."

There is really an irony here, because in Dr Webb's book we have a good
Christian lady writing a gentle introduction to the facts of reproduction,
while Dr Haeckel was a colourful and controversial character, notorious for
his outspoken atheism - so much so that whenever he visited Darwin at Down
House, everyone was on tenterhooks in case he came out with something
over-the-top.

But Haeckel's contribution to microscopy was far greater than simply being
a superb artist. Most notably, he brought to attention the features of
embryonic development, for example the transitory gill-slits that appear
in mammalian embryos. This he tended to over-interpret, as if the
embryo were to go through a "fish stage", then a "reptile stage", before
"evolving" into a mammal. The doctrine was stated as:

"Ontogeny recapitulates Phylogeny".

Haeckel has been recently criticized for seeing and drawing too much of
"conserved stages" in embryonic development - in other words of seeing what
he wanted to see under the microscope (long before the days of image
manipulation!) On the other hand, it is argued that he got the broad
picture right, and the details were sorted out later. I would say there is
truth in both sides. Even with my own humble polymer spherulites, I realize
that the developments I have seen under the microscope were not as regular
as I at first saw or thought.

Anyway, do look at these drawings. So many "handbooks of pond life"
published since must owe something to them. But I am sure that these
micro forms have had an influence far beyond science, and that countless
science fiction covers could trace back their ancestry to this source.
But there is something even more - one is really seeing the micro world
through the eyes of the 19th century. Looking at these drawings gave me a
slightly vertiginous feeling, as if I had entered a fold in space-time and
was really looking directly into the world of our Victorian ancestors.


+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Robert H.Olley Phone: |
| J.J.Thomson Physical Laboratory {direct line +44 (0) 118 9318572 |
| University of Reading {University internal extension 7867 |
| Whiteknights Fax +44 (0) 118 9750203 |
| Reading RG6 6AF Email: R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk |
| England URL: http://www.reading.ac.uk/~spsolley |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+





From: Robert H. Olley :      R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk
Date: Wed, 17 Jun 1998 17:33:34 +0100 (BST)
Subject: Supplier: Copper Gauze

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Absolutely daft - but I have to ask you-all if anybody knows a source of
copper gauze, so that we can make the kind of baskets on which we place
grids for extracting replicas?

UK supplier would be most convenient, but I don't mind looking across the
Channel or the Pond.

+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Robert H.Olley Phone: |
| J.J.Thomson Physical Laboratory {direct line +44 (0) 118 9318572 |
| University of Reading {University internal extension 7867 |
| Whiteknights Fax +44 (0) 118 9750203 |
| Reading RG6 6AF Email: R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk |
| England URL: http://www.reading.ac.uk/~spsolley |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+





From: Daniel & Linda Botsford :      dl.botsford-at-sympatico.ca
Date: Wed, 17 Jun 1998 15:42:18 -0400
Subject: subscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

subscribe





From: Robert H. Olley
Date: Wednesday, June 17, 1998 12:33PM
Subject: Supplier: Copper Gauze

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Micro-tools' phone number is (408) 395-1585. The part is Cat. #S-078-B
and they call it a fine point diamond scribe. They should be considered
expendable. This is the part number that Stacie Kirsch uses at Electron
Microscopy Sciences also. I don't know what the South Bay Technology's
number is. Get a minimum of 25 if you think you are going to use the
technique regularly or maybe ten to try it out. When they break, you
can use them for marking and for the coarse scribing step on the back
side of the sample. You really need good sharp ones for the final
cleaving step.
-Scott



Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

Walck-at-PPG.com

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of Scott D. Walck and not of PPG
Industries, Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."

----------

There is a company called Buckbee Mears that sells and makes all types
of etched and electroformed meshes and masks in different sizes and
materials. They will make items to order. Sorry, I don't have the
number or the address.
-Scott

Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

Walck-at-PPG.com

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of Scott D. Walck and not of PPG
Industries, Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."

----------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.


Absolutely daft - but I have to ask you-all if anybody knows a source of
copper gauze, so that we can make the kind of baskets on which we place
grids for extracting replicas?

UK supplier would be most convenient, but I don't mind looking across
the
Channel or the Pond.


+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-+
| Robert H.Olley Phone:
|
| J.J.Thomson Physical Laboratory {direct line +44 (0) 118 9318572
|
| University of Reading {University internal extension 7867
|
| Whiteknights Fax +44 (0) 118 9750203
|
| Reading RG6 6AF Email: R.H.Olley-at-reading.ac.uk
|
| England URL: http://www.reading.ac.uk/~spsolley
|

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-+




From: South Bay Technology :      Henriks-at-CompuServe.COM
Date: Wed, 17 Jun 1998 16:33:38 -0400
Subject: Vibration Isolation For SEM/TEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear All:

A short time back someone inquired about vibration isolation systems for
EMs. With that in mind, I would suggest that you contact the following
company:

Minus K Technology
420 S. Hindry Ave. Unit B
Inglewood, CA 90301

TEL: 310-348-9656
FAX: 310-348-9638
Website: http://www.minusk.com

Contact: Dr. David Platus

They have some really great products. I have no financial interest in th=
e
product or the company - I've just seen the products and think they're
pretty nifty.

Best regards-

David =

Writing at 11:13:02 AM on 6/17/98
=

*************************************************************************=
**
************************

David Henriks TEL: =

800-728-2233 (toll free in the USA)
South Bay Technology, Inc. +1-949-492-2600
1120 Via Callejon FAX: +1-949-492-1499=

San Clemente, CA 92673 USA e-mail: henriks-at-southbaytech.com=


*************************************************************************=
**
************************

} } } } } Please visit us at http://www.southbaytech.com { { { { {

Manufacturers of precision sample preparation equipment and supplies for
metallography, crystallography and electron microscopy.




From: MICHAEL DELANNOY :      delannoy-at-welchlink.welch.jhu.edu
Date: Wed, 17 Jun 1998 16:39:32 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Noran Oz problems

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


To the CLSM users,
Is there anyone out there using the Noran Oz Confocal system, and
is doing at least double (hopefully triple label) fluorophore detection
and are experiencing the following bugs:
1)If you shut down acquisition, the previous slit numbers are no
longer optimal when you restart acquisition.
2)If you change the slit position numbers, the image shifts
slightly (triple 0.5 um fluorescent bead overlays confirm this), which
means recalibration almost everyday.
3)Uneven illumination across the field (seen especially with
sections that encompass the whole field.
4)Incompatible astigmatisms especially the 633nm or cy-5
5)RF noise as seen as a horizontal line on the right hand side
when the backround is high.
These are our major concerns and eats up a lot of my time with
constant recalibrations and checks. The company claims this is not
unique to our system and are working on the problems. The also claim no
one is using the system to the full capacity like we are (ie double and
triple label).
Has anyone seen the last demo at Woods Hole Mass? The system
supposedly had a good showing. Did they use 0.5 um beads or huge pollen
grains for demo. Did they do double and triple label imaging? Am I alone
in my problems or are there others out there?
Let me know.

Thanks

Mike D





From: Fred Schamber :      fhscham-at-sgi.net
Date: Wed, 17 Jun 1998 21:22:28 -0400
Subject: Re: Supplier: Copper Gauze

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Following up on an earlier posting: the Buckbee-Mears company
referenced as a supplier of etched meshes etc is located in St. Paul,
Minn and their phone number is 612 228-6434.
--
Fred Schamber
.......................
mailto:fhscham-at-SGI.NET






From: Gerroir, Paul J :      Paul.Gerroir-at-crt.xerox.com
Date: Wed, 17 Jun 1998 21:16:53 -0500
Subject: Heating Stage for Light Microscope

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello All,
I am interested in replacing an existing heating stage, (Leitz 350)
which has served us well for } 10 years. If anyone has
experience/comments on an appropriate replacement, ie. heating to 350 -
500C and will fit a Zeiss Axioplan microscope I'd like to hear from you.

Thanks,
Paul






From: matthias.morgelin-at-medkem.lu.se
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 9:51:55 +0100
Subject: glow discharge

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi everybody,
=20
we need a glow discharge unit to render carbon-coated grids=20
hydropohilic prior to negative staining. Does anyone have a) a machine=
=20
which is not in use any longer that could be purchased at a reasonable=
=20
price, or b) informations about companies still producing such=20
devices?=20
=20
Many thanks in advance for help,
Matthias




From: SGKCCK-at-aol.com
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 05:15:27 EDT
Subject: Re: glow discharge

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Thank you. We at Electron Microscopy Sciences do sell Glow Discharge units
stand alone as well as attachments to carbon coating units.If you send us your
address we will be more then happy to give you all of the information on the
units we have to offer.
Thank you.

Electron Microscopy Sciences




From: John Wheeler :      johnwh-at-LIVERPOOL.AC.UK
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 11:55:42 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Postdoctoral Associate Job in ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF DEFORMED ROCKS

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



This advert will appear in Nature, June 25th 1998

THE UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL=20

DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES=20

POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER IN ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF DEFORMED ROCKS

Initial salary within the range =A315,462 - =A317,266 pa=20

A NERC-funded post is available for 2.5 to 3 years, from 1 October 1998 in =
the=20
application of frontier electron microscopy techniques to examining deforme=
d=20
rocks. In the Microstructure Research Group we have pioneered the use of=20
electron backscatter diffraction patterns, SEM orientation contrast imaging=
and=20
TEM to characterise geological deformation microstructures and hence mechan=
isms=20
and rheology. The post would suit geologists, materials scientists and=20
physicists with experience of electron microscopy and the ambition to devel=
op=20
innovative techniques with applications within and outside Earth Sciences.

Informal enquiries to Dr J Wheeler email: johnwh-at-liv.ac.uk or Dr D Prior em=
ail:=20
davep-at-liv.ac.uk. Web site=20
at http://www.pcweb.liv.ac.uk/johnwh/microstructure.html=20

Quote Ref: B/950 Closing Date: 17 July 1998=20

Further particulars and details of the application procedure may be request=
ed=20
from the Director of Personnel, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 =
3BX=20
on 0151 794 2210 (24 hr answerphone) or via email: jobs-at-liv.ac.uk=20

Web site at http://www.liv.ac.uk=20

John Wheeler
Dept. Earth Sciences, Liverpool University,
Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K.
Email: johnwh-at-liverpool.ac.uk
Fax: 0151 794 5170 Telephone direct: 0151 794 5172
Departmental home page on
http://www.liv.ac.uk/earth_sciences/dept/general.html





From: Nancy Zjaba :      Nancy.Zjaba-at-nsc.com
Date: 18 Jun 1998 04:13:09 -0700
Subject: Summary of image analysis replies

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

There have been requests for a summary of replies I received regarding image
analysis packages. I usually delete e-mails shortly after receiving them, but
here
is the summary based on hard copies of e-mails I printed (recall that my
application
was grain sizing, so I may have disregarded packages that had primarily
biological applications):

Image Pro Plus with Materials Pro plug-in: http://www.mediacy.com
Princeton Gamma-Tech's Imagist: http:// www.pgt.com
John Russ' Image Processing Toolkit:
http://members.aol.com/ImagProcTK/index.htm
Soft-Imaging Software Corp.: http://www.soft-imaging-web.de/products
EMS On-Line: http://cimewww.epfl.ch/
Impuls's Vision XL/XXL: http://www.datex.de
KS series from Zeiss: http://www.imas.co.uk/rep/kont/3czv.htm
MetaMorph from Universal Imaging: http://www.image1.com
Scott Scientific: http://www.scottscientific.com/ccad.htm
Northern Eclipse from Empix Imaging: http://www.empix.com

Both Leica and Leco offer image analysis packages as well.

I also disregarded replies related to hardware, since we are only looking at
software.

Hope this summary is useful.

Nancy Zjaba
National Semiconductor
South Portland, ME




From: DICK BRIGGS :      RBRIGGS-at-Science.Smith.edu
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 8:06:54 EDT
Subject: Re: glow discharge

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
by smith.edu (8.8.6/8.8.6/SC1.6) with ESMTP id IAA20050
for {Microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com} ; Thu, 18 Jun 1998 08:03:04 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from SCIENCE/SpoolDir by science.smith.edu (Mercury 1.31);
18 Jun 98 08:03:05 EST
Received: from SpoolDir by SCIENCE (Mercury 1.31); 18 Jun 98 08:03:03 EST

You can build on yourself quickly and inexpensively. See:

Aebi and Pollard, 1987, Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 7:29-33.

We made one a number of years ago; I use it fairly often and it is terrific for just the task you
mentioned. And when not in use in the glow discharge unit, the Tesla coil is fun to play with,
but you need to be careful.

Regards, Dick Briggs





From: Ron Doole :      ron.doole-at-materials.oxford.ac.uk
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 13:24:26 +0100 (BST)
Subject: Re: glow discharge

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

On Thu, 18 Jun 1998 matthias.morgelin-at-medkem.lu.se wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Hi everybody,
}
} we need a glow discharge unit to render carbon-coated grids
} hydropohilic prior to negative staining. Does anyone have a) a machine
} which is not in use any longer that could be purchased at a reasonable
} price, or b) informations about companies still producing such
} devices?

Matthias,

We bought a HDT200 `hydrophillic treatment device' from JEOL. It
is simple to use and reliable. We use it to help prevent specimen
contamination under the beam but it seems to be what you are after. I am
unsure of the present cost but it was significantly less than other plasma
devices available at the time.

I have no personal interest except as a satisfied customer.

Regards,
Ron
===========================================================================
Mr. Ron Doole e-mail ron.doole-at-materials.ox.ac.uk
Department of Materials, phone +44 (0) 1865 273701
University of Oxford, fax +44 (0) 1865 283333
Parks Road.
Oxford. OX1 3PH. UK.
============================================================================





From: Tom Doman :      jtd1-at-psu.edu
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 09:16:44 +0000
Subject: UNSUBSCRUBE

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

UNSUBSCRIBE





From: Zhiyu Wang :      ZhiyuW-at-oztek.com
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 08:29:57 -0700
Subject: Job opening

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} Position: SEM Operator / Lab Technician
}
} Oz Technologies is a leading edge supplier of Test Interface products
} for the Semiconductor industry, located in Hayward, CA.
}
} Description:
}
} Research and Development lab technician to perform variety of lab
} related functions. Self-starter & Fast learner with an inquisitive and
} exploratory mind to assist Engineers in Development of new products.
}
} Responsibilities:
}
} * Preparation and Cataloging of samples for SEM/EDS analysis,
} * Executing Design-of-Experiments,
} * Metrology assessment and Data Collection
} * Administering Equipment (Operation, maintenance, calibration, etc.)
} * Report generation and archival
}
} Skills required:
}
} * Proficient in running SEM (Variable Pressure) and EDS systems
} * Proficient in cross-sectioning equipment, microhardness testers, etc.
} * Ability to understand DOEs and instrument setup to execute
} experiments
} * Proficiency in computer skills (data collection, analysis, reporting)
} is a must
} * 4+ years of direct experience is desired
} * Material Science (Metals, Polymers, Electro-Chemical) background is
} a plus
} * Measurement and Instrumentation background is a Plus
} * Capability in handling multiple tasks with short turn around time.
}
} Organization
} This position reports to Engineering Organization
}
} Additional notes:
} Oztek is a dynamic, fast-paced company. As a result, employees are
} periodically asked to perform duties outside the defined scope of their
} position. We are a high tech company that manufactures
} test and reliability products for the semiconductor, test and burn-in
} industry.
} Please visit our website for additional information about our company:
} www.ozcorp.com
}
} If you are interesting in this position, please email me your resume.
} Oztek reserves the right to change job functions as needed to meet
} staffing requirements.
}




From: Caroline Schooley :      schooley-at-mcn.org
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 07:58:48 -0800
Subject: Re: glow discharge

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


} we need a glow discharge unit to render carbon-coated grids
} hydropohilic prior to negative staining. Does anyone have a) a machine
} which is not in use any longer that could be purchased at a reasonable
} price, or b) informations about companies still producing such
} devices?
}
} Matthias

You can do this cheaply and easily with a $50 Tesla coil. Arrange a good
electrical contact with an unused feedthru in the baseplate of your
evaporator, and discharge the coil during the rough pump part of the
pumpdown. Or you can mount the coil on a vacuum dessicator and pump it
with lab vacuum or a small rotary pump.


Caroline Schooley
Educational Outreach Coordinator
Microscopy Society of America
Box 117, 45301 Caspar Point Road
Caspar, CA 95420
Phone/FAX (707)964-9460
Project MICRO: http://www.MSA.microscopy.com/ProjectMICRO/Books.html
Intertidal invertebrates: http://www.fortbragg.k12.ca.us/AG/PCI/






From: Kirk J C Czymmek :      kirk-at-udel.edu
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 13:13:36 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Microscopy Facility Revenue Update

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Dear Microscopist's

Several weeks back I requested information that would help educate the
administration regarding the realities of "cost neutrality" at University
microscopy facilities. I received about 35 responses 24 of which provided
some information about how their labs were doing, the remaining 11 were
interested in having a copy of the responses.

First, I am very grateful to those who took the time and responded. The
compiled responses had a favorable impact on how some of the
administration at my University perceived such a facility should be
reasonably structured. I apologize for the delay but was waiting for some
type of outcome regarding the future of my facility. I am in the process
of making photocopies of the replies and mailing them to those who
requested a copy. Those who requested anonymity will have any information
regarding their identity removed.

There is clearly a trend at many Universities to attempt some cost
recovery via a charge back system for microscopy facilities. This is not
the issue, in my opinion. Microscopy facilities are expensive to run and
some method for defraying the costs is a fiscally sound idea. However,
based on the responses that I received, no US University generates revenue
strictly from users to pay ALL of the bills (this includes all salaries
for ALL staff, service contracts, repairs, supplies, etc). There were 2
non-US Universities who were able to do this but admitted that they have
several large industrial contracts that made this possible. One of these
still struggled every year to try to generate enough revenue.

} From those who provided such information, most microscopy (EM) facilities
recovered from 20-40% of operating costs from users fees. Typically,
40-55K was generated in a year in larger institutions with several
workers.

Clearly, most University microscopy facilities require subsidies in order
to continue operation. A number of the facilities are fortunate to at
least have salaries covered by their respective University and are only
responsible for recovering service/maintenance and supplies (which is
still no minor task). Others are not so fortunate and preside over
facilities with ever shrinking support and an ongoing battle to justify
continued subsidy. Some suggested that microscopy facilities should be
considered the cost of doing business and that often such facilities are
not given credit for the overhead generated from successful grant funding
and money from students who take microscopy courses. Total cost recovery
for microscopy facilities becomes dangerous when this is the primary focus
and used as the sole basis for evaluation of the facilities success.
Exploratory projects that have some risk of failure are too expensive to
undertake since attempts to work out the most desirable protocol may (for
example, immuno-gold labeling) still prove unsuccessful even when all
technical precautions are heeded.

A few asked how I went from 0 K to about 65 K in one year. It wasnt easy.
First I went to all the applicable colleges and gave a presentation on
contemporary techniques in microscopy and molecular cytology. This seemed
to generate a lot of interest. The rates were set at $50/hr beamtime and
$25/hr for time I spent training students or preparing samples. This was
affordable to most and I was quite busy. 5 months later I was required to
raise rates to $75/hr beamtime (with me operating the microscope) and
$50/hr preparation time. In order to offer grad students a less expensive
alreally "multi-user" if only a few can afford to use it. I am addressing
this issue with very good success by aggressively assisting researchers in
writing the microscopy portion of their grants so that they can use the
facility again. This has helped a lot. In addition, within the last
several months we have incorporated a confocal microscope (which has been
extremely popular) and an atomic force microscope into the facility. This
is very beneficial because I can assist users with the most appropriate
microscopy technique for their specific project.

In any event, the responses from a few dozen other facilities proved to
have a very significant impact on at least some administrators and I am
hoping that others can benefit as well. Please feel free to contact me if
you have not already done so and would find the compilation useful. Also,
please understand that my priority is still to keep things busy here so my
response may be a bit slow but I will be happy to continue the dialog
offline if anyone has more specific questions.

Best Regards,

Kirk J. Czymmek, Ph.D.
Biological Electron Microscopy Facility
University of Delaware
Newark, DE 19716
kirk-at-udel.edu


On Wed, 22 Apr 1998, Kirk J C Czymmek wrote:

}
} Dear Colleagues,
}
} I need information to educate the administration on how close to "cost
} neutrality" a microscopy facility can get. I currently supervise a
} facility with a part-time employee to assist in repairs. Much of the
} equipment is 20-25 years old and is constantly breaking down. I am the
} sole revenue generater with a few students who have been trained to use
} the microscope and have beamtime hours. Within a year or so of operation
} the facility went from generating $0.00 in revenue to ~$60K maybe
} 70K/year. This doesn't pay all the bills of an EM Facility with 2 TEMs and
} an SEM as well. My question is, is their any facility that is COMPLETELY
} cost neutral with revenue only for service work provided? Are the numbers
} I describe for a medium sized University reasonable? I would greatly
} appreciate any input. If their is a University that spends only what they
} bring in for doing samples in a multi-user environment please contact me I
} be happy to know how you did this.
}
} Best Regards,
}
} Kirk J. Czymmek, Ph.D.
} Biological Electron Microscopy Facility
} University of Delaware
} Newark, DE 19716
} kirk-at-udel.edu
}
}
}





From: Doug Keene :      DRK-at-shcc.org
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 10:47:59 -0700 (Pacific Daylight Time)
Subject: glow discharge unit

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Ron:

Regarding a good glow discharge unit, we also use one
made very similarly to that mentioned by Dick Briggs and
described in the paper: Aebi and Pollard, 1987, Journal of
Electron Microscopy Technique 7:29-33. It works great and
can be made in a minimally equiped shop for about $200.00.
You will, however, need a vacuum pump (a considerable
expense if you do not have one laying around already).

Good Luck!

Doug
----------------------
Douglas R. Keene
Associate Investigator
Shriners Hospital Microscopy Unit
Portland, Oregon 97201
DRK-at-shcc.org





From: yew-at-neurology.wisc.edu
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 13:06:39 -0500
Subject: LM- paraffin embeding of brain tissue

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello,
I've been trying to embed brains from one day old rats perfused with 4%
paraformaldehyde. The sections I've been getting have a number of cracks
throughout the tissue. In particular, the cortex seems to separate from
the rest of the brain. Below is a copy of the embedding protocol I am
using. I would appreciate any suggestions/ modifications to the protocol
which would improve the condition of the tissue. Thanks in advance-

Joanne

postfix for 16 hrs;
PBS wash - 1 hr at 4 deg
0.85% Saline - 1 hr at 4 deg
1:1 saline/ 100% EtOH - 30 min at RT
70% EtOH (twice) - 30 min at RT
85% EtOH - 60 min at RT
95% EtOH - 60 min at RT
100% EtOH (twice) - 60 min at RT
100% Xylene (twice) - 60 min at RT
1:1 xylene/paraffin - 90 min at 60 deg.
100% paraffin (three times) - 20 min at 60 deg.






From: Baker, Ginger :      lizard-at-osucom-fs02.ocom.okstate.edu
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 14:02:56 -0500
Subject: needing H-300 objective stigmator

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello all,

The objective stigmator for my Hitachi (H-300) transmission
electron microscope has ohmed out and I am having problems locating
another stigmator. Does anyone have an H-300 not in use that I might
scavenge/purchase that part?

Thank you in advance,

Ginger

Ginger Baker
EM Lab Manager
OMS Secretary/Treasurer
Research Dept.,
Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine
1111 W. 17th St.
Tulsa, OK 74107
Phone: (918) 561-8232
FAX: (918) 699-8629
http://osu.com.okstate.edu/dept/research/content/gbaker.htm
lizard-at-osucom-fs02.ocom.okstate.edu






From: Kirk J C Czymmek :      kirk-at-udel.edu
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 15:57:55 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Microscopy Facility Revenue Update

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


I apologize I just sent a posting regarding "Microscopy Facility Revenue
Update" and while copying into my email a relevant portion was cut. For
those who were interested and confused the following two lines are
corrected below.


"$50/hr preparation time. In order to offer grad students a less expensive
alreally "multi-user" if only a few can afford to use it. I am addressing"

SHOULD READ:

"$50/hr preparation time. In order to offer grad students a less expensive
alternative they could be trained via an EM class or by me at $25/hr and
then $50/hr if they operated the microscope without me. Once the rate
change went into place most users could not afford to do EM. The facility
was then being supported by 5 or 6 users with mega-grants and an
occasional small EM project. This indicates that there is most definitely
a threshold that one can charge users, and it becomes questionable whether
a facility is really "multi-user" if only a few can afford to use it. I am
addressing..."

Sorry.

Regards, Kirk





From: Robert Mixon :      mixonr-at-ohsu.edu
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 16:01:01 -0700
Subject: LM- paraffin embeding of brain tissue -Reply

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Joanne: You don't indicate the size of your rat brain pieces which would make a
difference in processing times. Basically I would think a longer processing time
might be better 10 - 15 hours for the dehydration thru infiltration steps with
an hour in each paraffin with vacuum applied in the last paraffin bath (58
degrees with polyfin) . If your tissue is brittle isopropyl alcohol would be
preferable especially for the absolute alcohol steps. Butyl alcohol would
harden (and shrink) even less when used in the absolute baths ( works wonders on
muscle but takes longer to dehydrate and is very stinky). bob




From: VIOLA ACOFF :      vacoff-at-coe.eng.ua.edu
Date: Thu, 18 Jun 1998 19:58:37 -0500
Subject: Image Analysis Systems

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We are in the process of purchasing an image analysis system for our
department. We have narrowed our choices to the systems made
by the following two companies:

-Buehler, Ltd.
-Definitive Imaging

We need to decide on one of these two systems during the next
week. Any comments about the pros & cons of each would be greatly
appreciated. Also, I am not too familiar with the Definitive
Imaging Company. Any information you can share about your
experiences dealing with this company is also appreciated.

Thanks in advance,
Viola L. Acoff, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
The University of Alabama
Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering
Box 870202
Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0202
phone (205) 348-3761
fax (205) 348-2164
Email VACOFF-at-COE.ENG.UA.EDU






From: Joan Clark :      j.clark-at-zoology.unimelb.edu.au
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 12:13:55 +1000
Subject: Help TEM processing of 4 cell embryos

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I need some advice for the processing of very tiny wallaby embryos for TEM, without losing or damaging them. I have tried processing them from go to whoa in microfuge tubes with some success and also the V vials. I use an epon-araldite mix and it can be very hard to actually see the embryo when it is in the resin. I would really appreciate some help as these are the bane of my life
TIA
Joan Clark






From: Wintonick, Steven :      WintonickS.bpd-at-CI.Boston.MA.US
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 08:14:58 -0400
Subject: brass substrate

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

In order to use a carbon coater w/o a thickness monitor and determine the
thickness, it is important to have a highly polished brass or gold substrate
as a calibration sample. I was interested in any information on
manufacturers of these types of products or if any old polished brass item
can be used. I have obtained info on the interference colors that
correspond to different approximate thickness ranges, but in order to use
this technique, there exists the need for a polished substrate as the
calibration sample. Appreciate any information. Thanks, Steve




From: vmhsch-at-showme.missouri.edu (Heide Schatten)
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 08:21:32 -0500
Subject: Position available for Senior EM Technician

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

POSITION AVAILABLE FOR SENIOR EM TECHNICIAN

The Electron Microscopy Core Facility at the University of
Missouri-Columbia has an open position for a full-time benefit-eligible
senior electron microscopy specialist. Applicants should have a degree in
Biology or a related field, and experience in the application of microscopy
in the life sciences including plant, animal and microbial systems.
Qualified applicants should have good communication skills to work with a
variety of core facility users. These include faculty, staff, and students
from a diversity of departments at the University.

Responsibilities will include sample processing, sectioning, and analysis
with transmission and scanning electron microscopy, service of equipment,
individual training and instruction for researchers, assistance in teaching
a graduate laboratory course, and service to faculty and staff. Preference
will be given to those demonstrating experience with immuno-electron
microscopy. Applicants must also be able to supervise a full-time
technician, and other part-time staff, coordinate general EM Core
functions, such as scheduling user time, train others in the use of
equipment, purchase and maintain equipment, maintain appropriate inventory
of supplies, and participate in workshops to develop new skills. Basic
personal computing skills are required. Salary is competitive and
commensurate with experience. Position available immediately. Applications
will be accepted until qualified candidate is identified. Please apply to:

Dr. Heide Schatten
Associate Professor
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology
Director, Electron Microscopy Core Facility
University of Missouri-Columbia
Columbia, MO 65211
TEL: (573) 882-2396
FAX: (573) 884-5414
e-mail: vmhsch-at-showme.missouri.edu
MU Electron Microscopy Core (EMC), Molecular Biology Program Web Site:
http://www.missouri.edu/~emc/




Heide Schatten, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology
Veterinary Medicine Building
University of Missouri-Columbia
1600 E. Rollins Street
Columbia, MO 65211
TEL: (573) 882-2396
FAX: (573) 884-5414
alternative e-mail: hschatte-at-facstaff.wisc.edu






From: Microscopy Center :      emcenter-at-btny.purdue.edu
Date: 19 Jun 1998 09:34:57 -0500
Subject: Re: Image Analysis Systems

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America




From: beth-at-dogwood.botany.uga.edu (Beth Richardson)
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 11:32:39 -0500
Subject: need a cryoSEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Viola
You seem to have already narrowed your choice to the two systems. However, in your initial survey, did you consider software by Scanalytics. They have a great image analysis program for both MAC and PC with additional support for gel analysis and 3-D. They were formally known as Signal Analytics but merged with another company last year to form the new Scanalytics. Their tech support is fantastic....I often get the founder and head of the company when I call for assistance....they all have amazing patience when helping guide the novice user through various procedures.

They can be contacted as follows:

Scanalytics
8550 Lee Highway, Suite 400
Fairfax, VA 22031
Phone: 703-208-2230 FAX: 703-208-1960
www.scanalytics.com

If you haven't made an absolutely final decision, do take a look at what they have to offer. They will have a booth at the upcoming MSA annual meeting in Atlanta.

Debby Sherman

++++++++++
Debby Sherman, Manager Phone: 765-494-6666
Microscopy Center in Agriculture FAX: 765-494-5896
Dept. of Botany & Plant Pathology E-mail: sherman-at-aux.btny.purdue.edu
Purdue University or: emcenter-at-btny.purdue.edu
1057 Whistler Building
West Lafayette, IN 47907-1057


--------------------------------------

We are in the process of purchasing an image analysis system for our
department. We have narrowed our choices to the systems made
by the following two companies:

-Buehler, Ltd.
-Definitive Imaging

We need to decide on one of these two systems during the next
week. Any comments about the pros & cons of each would be greatly
appreciated. Also, I am not too familiar with the Definitive
Imaging Company. Any information you can share about your
experiences dealing with this company is also appreciated.

Thanks in advance,
Viola L. Acoff, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
The University of Alabama
Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering
Box 870202
Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0202
phone (205) 348-3761
fax (205) 348-2164
Email VACOFF-at-COE.ENG.UA.EDU



------------------ RFC822 Header Follows ------------------
Received: by btny.purdue.edu with ADMIN;19 Jun 1998 02:34:16 -0500
Received: (from daemon-at-localhost) by Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (8.6.11/8.6.11) id TAA10665 for dist-Microscopy; Thu, 18 Jun 1998 19:55:27 -0500
Received: from [206.69.208.21] (mac21.zaluzec.com [206.69.208.21]) by Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (8.6.11/8.6.11) with ESMTP id TAA10662 for {Microscopy-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com} ; Thu, 18 Jun 1998 19:55:25 -0500
X-Sender: zaluzec-at-microscopy.com
Message-Id: {v03007801b1af68390fc1-at-[206.69.208.21]}
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

Hi,
We'd like to do some cryoSEM. Does anyone in the Atlanta area (or anywhere
in the southeast US) have a cryostage on their SEM?

thanks,
beth

**************************************
Beth Richardson
EM Lab Coordinator
Botany Department
University of Georgia
Athens, GA 30602

Phone - (706) 542-1790
FAX - (706) 542-1805
Email - beth-at-dogwood.botany.uga.edu
**************************************






From: michael shaffer :      mshaf-at-darkwing.uoregon.edu
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 09:04:53 -0700
Subject: RE: brass substrate

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Steven asks ...
}
} In order to use a carbon coater w/o a thickness monitor and
} determine the
} thickness, it is important to have a highly polished brass or
} gold substrate
} as a calibration sample. I was interested in any information on
} manufacturers of these types of products or if any old
} polished brass item can be used. ...

I sputter Au onto coverslips to the point of opaquecity (sp?), which I
would guess is 80nM ... works perfect.

... hope this helps :o)

cheerios, shAf

{} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ cogito, ergo zZOooOM /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {}
Michael Shaffer, R.A. - ICQ 210524
Geological Science's Electron Probe Facility - University of Oregon
mshaf-at-darkwing.uoregon.edu - http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~mshaf/







From: Kevin Mackenzie :      k.s.mackenzie-at-abdn.ac.uk
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 17:17:13 +0100 (BST)
Subject: SCOTTISH MICROSCOPY MEETING

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

First Circular for the 26th Scottish Microscopy Group Symposium

WEST PARK CONFERENCE CENTRE
UNIVERSITY OF DUNDEE

Wednesday 11th November 1998

After the hugely successful 1997 =91SILVER ANNIVERSARY=92 of the=20
ScottishMicroscopy Symposium, we are now embarking for destination=20
=91GOLD=92. This years meeting will take place at the above venue and=20
the organising committee has arranged a Scientific Programme that=20
we hope will appeal to all microscopists.

The following topics will be presented by key-note speakers

Microscopy in studies of plant surface, structure and function=20
Chris Jeffree, Dept of Botany, University of Edinburgh.=20
=20
Apoptosis - when discretion is better than valour=20
David Harrison, Dept of Pathology, University of Edinburgh.=20
=20
Cathodal luminescence microscopy=20
Adrian Finch, Dept Environmental Sciences, University of Hertfordshire.=20
=20
Cryo Techniques=20
Alan Robbins, Oxford Instruments

These invited talks will be interspersed with short presentations and offer=
s
of these and/or posters can be made on the enclosed sheet.=20
A Second circular will be sent out in the near future containing the final
programme and a registration form (registration cost =A320).

These meetings provide an opportunity to meet and share ideas with fellow=
=20
microscopists. We look forward to seeing you.

For latest information visit our Web Site at http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~nhi691/=
smg98.htm


Kevin Mackenzie
EM Unit, Dept Zoology
University Of Aberdeen
Tillydrone Avenue
Aberdeen
AB24 2TZ
Tel 01224-272847
Fax 01224-272396






From: Tina Carvalho :      tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 08:19:04 -1000 (HST)
Subject: Re: brass substrate

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} I was interested in any information on
} manufacturers of these types of products or if any old polished brass item
} can be used.

Anything you can polish should be OK. Try to choose something that you
don't mind repeatedly cleaning. I ultimately had our shop mill me a brass
cylinder that fit into our tilting-rotating stage so that it would be
coated exactly as the stubs were, but anything that is at the same height
and distance as the samples to be coated should do.

Aloha,
Tina

http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf/microangela
****************************************************************************
* Tina (Weatherby) Carvalho * tina-at-pbrc.hawaii.edu *
* Biological Electron Microscope Facility * (808) 956-6251 *
* University of Hawaii at Manoa * http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf*
****************************************************************************





From: Mary Mager :      mager-at-interchg.ubc.ca
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 11:30:19 -0700
Subject: Re: brass substrate

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Steve,
Any old piece of brass will do, freshly polished with any metal polish or
diamond 5 micron. I use a one inch diameter plug, 1/4 inch thick, others I
know put their samples on a piece of brass sheet. I would hate to pay EM
suppliers prices for such a simple item, but I'm sure Chuck Garber would
sell you one.

You wrote:
} In order to use a carbon coater w/o a thickness monitor and determine the
} thickness, it is important to have a highly polished brass or gold substrate
} as a calibration sample. I was interested in any information on
} manufacturers of these types of products or if any old polished brass item
} can be used. I have obtained info on the interference colors that
} correspond to different approximate thickness ranges, but in order to use
} this technique, there exists the need for a polished substrate as the
} calibration sample. Appreciate any information. Thanks, Steve
Regards,
Mary
Mary Mager
Electron Microscopist
Metals and Materials Engineering
University of British Columbia
6350 Stores Road
Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4
CANADA
tel: 604-822-5648
fax: 604-822-3619
e-mail: mager-at-interchange.ubc.ca





From: chk-at-pink.chem.ucla.edu (Ching-Hwa Kiang)
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 13:36:24 -0700
Subject: CHK Need help on choosing a scanner

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

What is the best scanner for digitizing high resolution transmission electron
microscopy images? Both dynamic range and resolution are important to
my application. Quality is more important than price to me.
I would prefer HP scanners but they don't seem to make any high-end scanners.

Ching-Hwa Kiang

==========================================
Dr. Ching-Hwa Kiang
Visiting Assistant Professor
Cram Teacher-Scholar
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
University of California
Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569
Tel: (310) 206-0563
Fax: (310) 206-4038
Email: chk-at-chem.ucla.edu
==========================================




From: rfelten-at-Macdermid.com
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 17:05:13 -0400
Subject: Solder Joint Failure Analysis

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html




Rick Felten
06/19/98 05:05 PM
If one examines the two exposed surfaces of a failed solder joint with
SEM/EDS, is there a book or journal article that correlates the findings to
a specific failure mode?
Thanks
Ric






From: Ted Cooper :      tcooper-at-sprintmail.com
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 16:22:51 -0500
Subject: Unable to reach this person who made an inquiry from your website.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

pchouse wrote:
}
} I hope you get this message. It came from
} http://msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} PAM
}
} ---------------------------------------------------------------
}
} Subject: vibration isolation tables
} Date: Fri, 12 Jun 1998 20:01:34 -0400
} From: "Ron L'Herault" {lherault-at-bu.edu}
} To: {microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com}
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} We have moved our lab (groan) and the new site is not ideal for our scanning
} microscope. It looks like we need a vibration isolation table on the column
} section. I'm looking for recommendations for good vendors.
}
} Thanks
}
} Ron
} lherault-at-bu.edu
I am unable to reach this person who sent a request appearently from
your website of information . Messag received from receiving address is
there is no such person. Your help would be greatly appreciated.
Ted Cooper
Scien-Tech Services / tcooper-at-sprintmail.com




From: michael shaffer :      mshaf-at-darkwing.uoregon.edu
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 14:22:49 -0700
Subject: SEM/CL: cold stage

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Can anyone suggest reference(s) for cold stage applications for SEM
cathodoluminescence. Please reply direct ...

TIA and cheerios, shAf

{} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ cogito, ergo zZOooOM /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {\/} /\ {}
Michael Shaffer, R.A. - ICQ 210524
Geological Science's Electron Probe Facility - University of Oregon
mshaf-at-darkwing.uoregon.edu - http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~mshaf/







From: Ernest Couch :      couch-at-gamma.is.tcu.edu
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 17:14:59 +0100
Subject: Need help with Golgi-Cox stain

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

A student at our university (Texas Christian University) working on her
Ph.D. in neuroscience has been trying to stain dendrites using the
Golgi-Cox technique. The primary reference she has been following is:

Kolb, Bryan and Jim McClimans, 1986, A process for cryosectioning of
Golgi-Cox tissues, Stain Technology, 61, 379-380.

The main problem she has encountered is a difficulty in sectioning the
tissue. Also, if and when a section is made it seems to dry out
immediately upon contact with the slide.

Any suggestions or any other techniques you might know about would be most
welcome. The student's name is Jocelyn Cooledge and her email address is:
jjcooledge-at-delta.is.tcu.edu. Please reply directly to her.

Ernest Couch
couch-at-gamma.is.tcu.edu






From: Murphy, Judy :      murphy-at-sjdccd.cc.ca.us
Date: 20 Jun 1998 09:31:11 -0700
Subject: Laptop Comp Use outside US

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

I will be traveling outside the US (Europe, Australia, etc.) and want to =
use my PowerBook 3400 Mac Laptop to communicate with back home and for =
microscopy presentations.
Question: Can one use ordinary power adapters from( 110 to 220 or =
whatever) on the computer line? Do standard surge protects work or since =
they are made for 110, would they be underrated? If the already =
mentioned alternatives do not work, what does?
Would appreciate hearing from the experienced microscopist travelers out =
there in cyberspace.
Thanks in advance,
Judy Murphy


Judy Murphy
Microscopy Technology Center
San Joaquin Delta College
5151 Pacific Ave
Stockton, CA 95207
209/954-5284
FAX 209/954-5600
e-mail; jmurphy-at-sjdccd.cc.ca.us






From: Melvyn Dickson :      M.Dickson-at-unsw.edu.au
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 10:59:28 +1000
Subject: SF6 upgrades for JEOL TEMs

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello world,

Can we have some feedback on what is involved in upgrading a JEOL 2000
series 200kV TEM from Freon to SF6?

An idea of cost would be of great interest.

TIA,

Mel Dickson
*****************************************************
Mel Dickson,
Director.
Electron Microscope Unit,
University of New South Wales.
Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

Phone (+612) 9385-6383
Fax (+612) 9385-6400
Website {http://srv.emunit.unsw.edu.au}
*****************************************************




From: Jean-Paul MARQUES :      marques-at-univ-mlv.fr
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 09:33:19 +0200
Subject: unsubscribe

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

unsubscribe




From: jshunt-at-kodak.com
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 08:27:38 +0100
Subject: Re: Solder Joint Failure Analysis

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi,

I used to work for The Open University in England and I believe that there
was some research work being carried out in to the above subject. For
contact names and numbers see the Open University Web site: www.open.ac.uk.

The relevant information can be found in the Technology Faculty under the
Materials Engineering Department.

Jo Hunt

Kodak Microscopy
jshunt-at-kodak.com






From: edelmare-at-casmail.muohio.edu
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 10:29:05 -0500
Subject: Histology Knives / Ralph Knife Maker ?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

In our vast knowledge base does anyone have any suggestions for making long edge glass
knives, i.e. ~ 25mm or so as used for histology or rotary microtomes, with an LKB knife
maker or glass breaking pliers?

Obviously, ideally we'd like to use a 'Ralph Knife' maker as sold by several vendors,
but the $2k price tag is prohibitive presently (sorry guys) ... unless some has one
gathering dust some where they'd be willing to part with....?


Richard E. Edelmann, Ph.D.
Electron Microscopy Facility Supervisor
352 Pearson Hall
Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056
Ph: 513.529.5712 Fax: 513.529.4243
E-mail: edelmare-at-muohio.edu

"WE ARE MICROSOFT.
RESISTANCE IS FUTILE.
YOU WILL BE ASSIMILATED."




From: Tseng-Ming (Alex) Chou :      tchou-at-stevens-tech.edu
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 10:23:43 -0400
Subject: e-mail address changed

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

To whom it may concern;

Please change my e-mail address from tchou-at-menger.eecs.stevens-tech.edu
to tchou-at-attila.stevens-tech.edu.

Sincerely yours,

T.M. Chou




From: parke-at-bigvax.alfred.edu
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 10:40:39 EDT
Subject: High T conductive epoxy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone know about the conductive epoxy that can stand high T (~500C)?
Thank you.

Eunsung Park, Ph.D.
Research Scientist
XRT Corp.
St. Paul, MN
parke-at-xrtcorp.com




From: Mary Mager :      mager-at-interchg.ubc.ca
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 08:38:36 -0700
Subject: Re: Laptop Comp Use outside US

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Judy,
I know that when a friend of mine tried that, the power conversion was the
easy part, it was the phone connections that were much more difficult to
resolve. Each country seems to have a different phone system and finding the
converters isn't easy. Try Fry's or Radio Shack for a phone jack conversion
kit.Good luck. The power was easy, since most computers have a switch to
switch from 110v. to 220 v. You just need a plug converter, not a power
converter.
You wrote:.
}
} I will be traveling outside the US (Europe, Australia, etc.) and want to
use my PowerBook 3400 Mac Laptop to communicate with back home and for
microscopy presentations.
} Question: Can one use ordinary power adapters from( 110 to 220 or
whatever) on the computer line? Do standard surge protects work or since
they are made for 110, would they be underrated? If the already mentioned
alternatives do not work, what does?
} Would appreciate hearing from the experienced microscopist travelers out
there in cyberspace.
} Thanks in advance,
} Judy Murphy
}
}
} Judy Murphy
} Microscopy Technology Center
} San Joaquin Delta College
} 5151 Pacific Ave
} Stockton, CA 95207
} 209/954-5284
} FAX 209/954-5600
} e-mail; jmurphy-at-sjdccd.cc.ca.us
Regards,
Mary
Mary Mager
Electron Microscopist
Metals and Materials Engineering
University of British Columbia
6350 Stores Road
Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4
CANADA
tel: 604-822-5648
fax: 604-822-3619
e-mail: mager-at-interchg.ubc.ca





From: Tamara Howard :      howard-at-cshl.org
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 12:39:42 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Histology Knives / Ralph Knife Maker ?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

There is a Hayat ref. to a paper on making Ralph knives by hand: Bennett
et al., (1976) Stain Technology 51:71

I haven't tried it; don't even have the paper, but I'd like to hear from
anyone who has as to how successful they were.

Tamara Howard
CSHL



On Mon, 22 Jun 1998 edelmare-at-casmail.muohio.edu wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} In our vast knowledge base does anyone have any suggestions for making long edge glass
} knives, i.e. ~ 25mm or so as used for histology or rotary microtomes, with an LKB knife
} maker or glass breaking pliers?
}
} Obviously, ideally we'd like to use a 'Ralph Knife' maker as sold by several vendors,
} but the $2k price tag is prohibitive presently (sorry guys) ... unless some has one
} gathering dust some where they'd be willing to part with....?
}
}
} Richard E. Edelmann, Ph.D.
} Electron Microscopy Facility Supervisor
} 352 Pearson Hall
} Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056
} Ph: 513.529.5712 Fax: 513.529.4243
} E-mail: edelmare-at-muohio.edu
}
} "WE ARE MICROSOFT.
} RESISTANCE IS FUTILE.
} YOU WILL BE ASSIMILATED."
}





From: Woody.N.White-at-mcdermott.com
Date: 6/20/98 11:31 AM
Subject: Laptop Comp Use outside US

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I have not traveled there, but am familiar with theoretical requirements...

Depending on the circuitry and specs, some voltage converters should work.
A
"real" 220 to 110 (or 240 to 120) transformer should be used. Be sure to
use
any 120vac surge supressors on the 120 side NOT the 220 side of the
transformer.
...The plugs won't match anyway...

Also, check the frequency, (unsure, but) you may be dealing with 50 Hz.
rather
than 60 Hz. Most modern computer switching power supplies will never know
the
difference, but the converting transformer should be rated accordingly.
Operating a 60 Hz. (only) transformer at 50 Hz. can cause overheating.

A large transformer should not be needed. The VA rating should be about 1.4
times the computer power consumption in watts.

Woody White

______________________________ Reply Separator
_________________________________


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

I will be traveling outside the US (Europe, Australia, etc.) and want to use

my PowerBook 3400 Mac Laptop to communicate with back home and for
microscopy presentations.
Question: Can one use ordinary power adapters from( 110 to 220 or whatever)

on the computer line? Do standard surge protects work or since they are
made for 110, would they be underrated? If the already mentioned
alternatives do not work, what does?
Would appreciate hearing from the experienced microscopist travelers out
there in cyberspace.
Thanks in advance,
Judy Murphy


Judy Murphy
Microscopy Technology Center
San Joaquin Delta College
5151 Pacific Ave
Stockton, CA 95207
209/954-5284
FAX 209/954-5600
e-mail; jmurphy-at-sjdccd.cc.ca.us




From: Michael Standing :      Michael_Standing-at-byu.edu
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 11:51:25 -0700
Subject: Charges for Digital Image Analysis

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html
by EMAIL1.BYU.EDU (PMDF V5.1-10 #23832)
with SMTP id {01IYJB413TPW98G9IP-at-EMAIL1.BYU.EDU} for
Microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com; Mon, 22 Jun 1998 11:51:08 MDT

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0019_01BD9DD4.155EBDC0
Content-Type: text/plain;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Colleagues,

We are going to be offering a new service in our lab -- that of =
quantitative image analysis. We are trying to decide what would be a =
reasonable charge for performing this service. Would other labs =
(preferably academic) offering this type of service please contact me =
with their rate schedule.

Thanks,

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Michael D. Standing
BYU Microscopy Lab
e-mail: MDStandi-at-bioag.byu.edu
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D

------=_NextPart_000_0019_01BD9DD4.155EBDC0
Content-Type: text/html;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

{!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN"}
{HTML}
{HEAD}

{META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type}
{META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.2106.6"' name=3DGENERATOR}
{/HEAD}
{BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff}
{DIV} Colleagues {FONT face=3DArial size=3D2} , {/FONT} {/DIV}
{DIV} {FONT face=3DArial size=3D2} {/FONT}   {/DIV}
{DIV} {FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"} {FONT size=3D3} We are going to be =
offering a new=20
service in our lab -- that of quantitative image analysis.  We are =
trying=20
to decide what would be a reasonable charge for performing this =
service. =20
Would other labs (preferably academic) offering this type of service =
please=20
contact me with their rate schedule. {/FONT} {/FONT} {FONT size=3D3} {FONT=20
face=3D"Times New Roman"} {/FONT} {/FONT} {/DIV}
{DIV} {FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"} {FONT size=3D3} {/FONT} {/FONT} {FONT =
size=3D3} {FONT=20
face=3D"Times New Roman"} {/FONT} {/FONT}   {/DIV}
{DIV} {FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"} {FONT =
size=3D3} Thanks, {/FONT} {/FONT} {FONT=20
size=3D3} {FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"} {/FONT} {/FONT} {/DIV}
{DIV} {FONT face=3DArial size=3D2} {/FONT}   {/DIV}
{DIV} {FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial=20
size=3D2} =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D {BR} =
Michael D.=20
Standing {BR} BYU Microscopy Lab {BR} e-mail:     {A=20
href=3D"mailto:MDStandi-at-bioag.byu.edu"} MDStandi-at-bioag.byu.edu {/A} {BR} =3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D {/FONT} {/DIV} {/BODY=
} {/HTML}

------=_NextPart_000_0019_01BD9DD4.155EBDC0--





From: azriel gorski :      azrielg-at-cc.huji.ac.il
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 21:10:37 +0300 (IDT)
Subject: Re: Laptop Comp Use ***IN*** US

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is almost a reversal of Judy's message.

First on the connector issue..... in Europe, at least where I have
traveled, I use a double female jack (american configuration), and take
the plug out of the phone. MOST places I have traveled seem to have the
american mail connector on the phone end of the cord. Also saves one from
climbing over dressers, under tables to get to the wall jack. I will not
say, don't buy the International connector kit, but do also make sure to
buy the double female USA style.

Now for MY problem. I will be traveling in the USA this summer.... have
paper will travel (presenting at Inter/Micro 50), and I am thinking of
taking my lap top with me for email home and to keep up with the local
press on the web. I know the power or the phone jacks will not be a
problem, but how does one get on the web with no connections to servers in
the states. Once there I can use my servers on this side of the Atlantic.

Any ideas on this appreciated...

Shalom from Jerusalem,
Azriel

On Mon, 22 Jun 1998, Mary Mager wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Dear Judy,
} I know that when a friend of mine tried that, the power conversion was the
} easy part, it was the phone connections that were much more difficult to
} resolve. Each country seems to have a different phone system and finding the
} converters isn't easy. Try Fry's or Radio Shack for a phone jack conversion
} kit.Good luck. The power was easy, since most computers have a switch to
} switch from 110v. to 220 v. You just need a plug converter, not a power
} converter.
} You wrote:.
} }
} } I will be traveling outside the US (Europe, Australia, etc.) and want to
} use my PowerBook 3400 Mac Laptop to communicate with back home and for
} microscopy presentations.
} } Question: Can one use ordinary power adapters from( 110 to 220 or
} whatever) on the computer line? Do standard surge protects work or since
} they are made for 110, would they be underrated? If the already mentioned
} alternatives donot work, what does?
} } Would appreciate hearing from the experienced microscopist travelers out
} there in cyberspace.
} } Thanks in advance,
} } Judy Murphy
} }
} }
} } Judy Murphy
} } Microscopy Technology Center
} } San Joaquin Delta College
} } 5151 Pacific Ave
} } Stockton, CA 95207
} } 209/954-5284
} } FAX 209/954-5600
} } e-mail; jmurphy-at-sjdccd.cc.ca.us
} Regards,
} Mary
} Mary Mager
} Electron Microscopist
} Metals and Materials Engineering
} University of British Columbia
} 6350 Stores Road
} Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4
} CANADA
} tel: 604-822-5648
} fax: 604-822-3619
} e-mail: mager-at-interchg.ubc.ca
}





From: Mary Mager :      mager-at-interchg.ubc.ca
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 12:08:39 -0700
Subject: Re: Laptop Comp Use ***IN*** US

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Azriel,
I'm afraid you are out of my league. Access to your e-mail is a problem that
you can best discuss with your Internet Service Provider or the computer
genius at your university.
You wrote:
} This is almost a reversal of Judy's message.
}
} First on the connector issue..... in Europe, at least where I have
} traveled, I use a double female jack (american configuration), and take
} the plug out of the phone. MOST places I have traveled seem to have the
} american mail connector on the phone end of the cord. Also saves one from
} climbing over dressers, under tables to get to the wall jack. I will not
} say, don't buy the International connector kit, but do also make sure to
} buy the double female USA style.
}
} Now for MY problem. I will be traveling in the USA this summer.... have
} paper will travel (presenting at Inter/Micro 50), and I am thinking of
} taking my lap top with me for email home and to keep up with the local
} press on the web. I know the power or the phone jacks will not be a
} problem, but how does one get on the web with no connections to servers in
} the states. Once there I can use my servers on this side of the Atlantic.
}
} Any ideas on this appreciated...
}
} Shalom from Jerusalem,
} Azriel
Best of Luck,
Mary
Mary Mager
Electron Microscopist
Metals and Materials Engineering
University of British Columbia
6350 Stores Road
Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4
CANADA
tel: 604-822-5648
fax: 604-822-3619
e-mail: mager-at-interchg.ubc.ca





From: Garber, Charles A. :      cgarber-at-2spi.com
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 98 15:34:08 -0500
Subject: Re: Laptop Comp Use ***IN*** US

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

-- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --

Eunsung Park wrote:
=================================================
Does anyone know about the conductive epoxy that can stand high T (~500C)?
Thank you.
=================================================
I have never heard of a conductive epoxy that would withstand that high of a
temperature. However, sometimes our SPI Silver Paste Plus™, which comes in
a metal squeeze tube, is mistakenly described as being an epoxy. Its main
use, at such high temperatures is to "glue" a silicon water to a heater head
for those doing thin film coatings research.

Full information is on our website.

Chuck

===================================================
Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com


Look for us!
############################
WWW: http://www.2spi.com
############################
==================================================






From: Hewlett Bryan (CMH) :      HEWLETT-at-EXCHANGE1.CMH.ON.CA
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 15:46:49 -0400
Subject: RE: Histology Knives / Ralph Knife Maker ?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Tamara,

Tried it, liked it!

Bryan

} ----------
} From: Tamara Howard[SMTP:howard-at-cshl.org]
} Sent: June 22, 1998 11:39 AM
} To: edelmare-at-casmail.muohio.edu
} Cc: microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com
} Subject: Re: Histology Knives / Ralph Knife Maker ?
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America




From: Kalman Rubinson :      kr4-at-is2.nyu.edu
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 16:58:38 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Laptop Comp Use ***IN*** US

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

On Mon, 22 Jun 1998, azriel gorski wrote:

} Now for MY problem. I will be traveling in the USA this summer.... have
} paper will travel (presenting at Inter/Micro 50), and I am thinking of
} taking my lap top with me for email home and to keep up with the local
} press on the web. I know the power or the phone jacks will not be a
} problem, but how does one get on the web with no connections to servers in
} the states. Once there I can use my servers on this side of the Atlantic.

The answer is to use a terminal at a library/university or
subscribe to a US ISP for the duration of your stay. No
long term obligation is necessary. (This is not a plug for
ATT World-Net but I use them throughout the US when I travel
although I use my university ISP at home.)

Kal






From: John Arnott :      ladres-at-worldnet.att.net
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 16:56:39 -0400
Subject: MERCOX COLOR QUESTION

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

To all corrosion casters,

Over the past several years we have been asked many times, particularly
by researchers new to corrosion casting, which color Mercox they should
use, red, blue or clear. Since they are all the same except for the
color, it appears the choice should be a based on personal preference
and application.
If anyone has any thoughts on which color should be used when, please
respond and we will pass the information on to Fred Hossler so he can
present it at his vascular corrosion casting sympossuim at MSA'98 in
Atlanta on July 13th.

Thanks in advance,

John Arnott
Chairman

LADD RESEARCH
13 Dorset Lane
Williston, VT 05495

TEL 1-800-451-3406 (US)
1-802-878-6711 (FROM ANYWHERE)
fAX 1-802-878-8074
e-mail ladres-at-worldnet.att.net
web site http://www.msa.microscopy.com/SM/LADD




From: Ritchie Sims :      r.sims-at-auckland.ac.nz
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 09:44:29 GMT+1200
Subject: Re: Laptop Comp Use outside US

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We're not into Macs in this department, but visitors from US and
Japan usually don't have any problems with our 230V 50 Hz supply as
the Mac plugpacks (those that I've seen, at least) will work on
anything from 100V to 250V (darned clever, these people). Check in
your manual.
Australia and UK are 240V 50Hz.

Ritchie



} I will be traveling outside the US (Europe, Australia, etc.) and want to use my PowerBook 3400 Mac Laptop to communicate with back home and for microscopy presentations.
} Question: Can one use ordinary power adapters from( 110 to 220 or whatever) on the computer line? Do standard surge protects work or since they are made for 110, would they be underrated? If the
} lready mentioned alternatives do not work, what does?
} Would appreciate hearing from the experienced microscopist travelers out there in cyberspace.
} Thanks in advance,
} Judy Murphy
}

Ritchie Sims Phone : 64 9 3737599 ext 7713
Department of Geology Fax : 64 9 3737435
The University of Auckland email : r.sims-at-auckland.ac.nz
Private Bag 92019
Auckland
New Zealand




From: Liz Nickless :      E.M.Nickless-at-massey.ac.nz
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 10:01:50 +1200
Subject: Confocal:Image Space

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi,

Has anyone used Image Space Software for looking at dual channel "single
section" images. Specifically using the dual channel overlays with two
colours. I may be missing something but I cannot get the dual or stereo
applications to work with single images. Probably this is not possible with
this software it seems to be looking for depth information.

Also which antifade agent do people recommend for fluorescent antibody
probes for use with confocal.

Thanks in advance

Liz Nickless





From: Caroline Schooley :      schooley-at-mcn.org
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 15:08:51 -0800
Subject: Re: Histology Knives / Ralph Knife Maker ?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


} There is a Hayat ref. to a paper on making Ralph knives by hand: Bennett
} et al., (1976) Stain Technology 51:71
}
} I haven't tried it; don't even have the paper, but I'd like to hear from
} anyone who has as to how successful they were.
}
} Tamara Howard

It works rather well. You score on your "standard" glass knifemaker, and
break with hand pressure. Worth trying.


Caroline Schooley
Educational Outreach Coordinator
Microscopy Society of America
Box 117, 45301 Caspar Point Road
Caspar, CA 95420
Phone/FAX (707)964-9460
Project MICRO: http://www.MSA.microscopy.com/ProjectMICRO/Books.html
Intertidal invertebrates: http://www.fortbragg.k12.ca.us/AG/PCI/






From: Michael A. O'Keefe :      maokeefe-at-lbl.gov
Date: Mon, 22 Jun 1998 16:48:09 -0700
Subject: Re: SF6 upgrades for JEOL TEMs

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------4B8531A61E8BCF780EED5966
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Mel,
We recently switched from Freon to SF6. You need to get a new gun
assembly, to run at a higher pressure (3Kg instead of 2), and an
exchange tank (rebuilt and tested in Boston -- since the changes inside
are fairly extensive). Takes 3 to 5 days and costs about $28K here in
the United States.
-Mike O'Keefe
------------------------------------------------------------------------
} } The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} } To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} } On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} } -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
} }
} } Hello world,
} }
} } Can we have some feedback on what is involved in upgrading a JEOL 2000
} } series 200kV TEM from Freon to SF6?
} }
} } An idea of cost would be of great interest.
} }
} } TIA,
} }
} } Mel Dickson
} } *****************************************************
} } Mel Dickson,
} } Director.
} } Electron Microscope Unit,
} } University of New South Wales.
} } Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
} }
} } Phone (+612) 9385-6383
} } Fax (+612) 9385-6400
} } Website {http://srv.emunit.unsw.edu.au}
} } *****************************************************
--------------4B8531A61E8BCF780EED5966
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset=us-ascii; name="vcard.vcf"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Description: Card for O'Keefe, Michael A.
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="vcard.vcf"

begin: vcard
fn: Michael A. O'Keefe
n: O'Keefe;Michael A.
org: National Center for Electron Microscopy
email;internet: maokeefe-at-lbl.gov
title: Deputy Head
x-mozilla-cpt: ;0
x-mozilla-html: FALSE
version: 2.1
end: vcard


--------------4B8531A61E8BCF780EED5966--





From: Paul Thomson :      tsi-at-werple.mira.net.au
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 12:52:41 +1000
Subject: Re: Laptop Comp Use ***IN*** US

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Azriel,
Check with your ISP. They may be a GRIC partner (see
http://www.gric.com/). If so you can access your email account from
anywhere in the world using a local phone call.


Yours sincerely,



Paul Thomson
Techncial Director
Thomson Scientific Instruments
Web page: http://werple.net.au/~tsi/
Fax: +613 9663 3680
Tel: +613 9663 2738




From: Krzysztof Jan Huebner :      hubner-at-czapla.IOd.krakow.pl
Date:
Subject: S4G - Conference in Prague 1999

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

S4G

First Announcement S4G International Conference on
Stereology, Spatial Statistics and Stochastic Geometry
Prague, Czech Republic, 21 June - 25 June 1999


under the auspices of
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
Czech Technical University
Charles University
Czech Society for Cybernetics and Informatics


International Advisory Committee:
J. Cwajna ( Poland )
D. Jeulin ( France )
L. Kubinova ( Czech Republic )
B. Pakkenberg ( Denmark )
D. Stoyan ( Germany )


S4G'99
Next in the series of conferences on Stereology and related sciences
held in the Czech Republic and in the Slovak Republic (CMMSIA'82,
CASIA'88, 6ECS'93).


Scope:
This conference will be a meeting of scientists interested in spatial
data evaluation, stochastic modelling and geome1rical sampling.
Participation of people from applied fields is strongly desired,
including quantitative microscopy and image processing.

Main topics of the conference are:
Application of Stereology and image analysis in life sciences and
material sciences.
Application of spatial statistics in geostatistics, environmental
and other sciences.
Stochastic geometry and random sets.
Integral geometry and theoretical Stereology.
Quantitative image analysis and mathematical morphology.

Program:
The scientific program will consist of keynote lectures, oral and
poster presentations. No parallel sessions are envisaged The
proceedings of contributed papers will be published

Venue:
All scientific activities will be hosted by the Institute of Physiology,
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, located in the southern part
of Prague with public transport connection to the center of the city.
Accommodation in hotels and student hostels in Prague will be offered
and cultural events for participants and accompanying persons will be
organized.

Registration and important date::
If you are interested, please, return the completed reply card
to the secretariat  fill in the registration form on the conference
WWW page. Your camera-ready abstract not exceeding 200 words on A4
sheet with wide margins should be sent to the same address not later
than November 15, 1998. Alternatively you can send MS Word 6 file
(with True Type fonts included) as an attachment to E-mail. Then you
will receive the second announcement till the end of December. The
papers for the proceedings should be submitted by February 15, 1999.
Final program will be distributed during May.


Adjoining Course:
Serology in Plant Anatomy 27 June - 31 June 1999

(contact: albrecht-at-prfdec.natur.cuni.cz or kubinova-at-biomed.cas.cz)


Local Organising committee:
Viktor Benes, chairman
Jana Albrechtova
Vratislav Horalek
Jiri Janacek
Marie Jirkovska
Lucie Kubinova
Jan Rataj
Ivan Saxl



Conference Secretariat:
Jiri Janacek
Institute of Physiology
Videnska 1083
142 00 Praha Czech Republic
Fax: (4202) 44472269
Phone: (4202) 4752768
E-mail: janacek-at-biomed.cas.cz
WWW page:
http://www.biomed.cas.cz/s4g.html


The most Important dates:

Abstract: November 15, 1998

Papers: February 15, 1999


Jiri Janacek
Institute of Physiology
Videnska 1083
142 20 Praha
Czech Republic


Registration form:


Name:


Inst/Dept:

Address:

Phone:

Fax:

E-mail:


Title of my oral/poster presentation:




Signature:

========================================================================
Krzysztof Jan Huebner

{hubner-at-IOd.krakow.pl} :-)

FOUNDRY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Research Materials Department
Manager Structural and Physical Research Laboratory
str. Zakopianska 73 Call (*48 12) 2665022 ext.356
30-418 KRAKOW - POLAND Fax (+48 12) 2660870





From: Heiligers, Bert :      bjh-at-eo.ie.philips.nl
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 07:50:37 -0500
Subject: Looking for EM100

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear readers,

Next year, 1999, it will be 50 years since Philips sold its first
transmission electron microscope, the EM100. In view of this special
anniversary, we are trying to locate the oldest working model of this
type. If you have information that can assist us, please let us know.

Your help is very much appreciated.

Bert Heijligers

FEI / Philips Electron Optics
Bldg. AAE
PO Box 218
5600 MD Eindhoven
The Netherlands
Tel: +31 40 2766225
Fax: +31 40 2766587
Email: bjh-at-eo.ie.philips.nl {mailto:bjh-at-eo.ie.philips.nl}
Website: www.feic.com






From: Alan W. Nicholls :      nicholls-at-uic.edu
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 08:38:27 -0500
Subject: Plasma Cleaning using a South Bay PC150

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Colleagues

Does anyone out there have experience of conditions for
cleaning(mostly)cross sectional semi/super conductor specimens with a South
Bay plasma cleaner?

We are setting up a new Electron Microscopy lab and have a plasma cleaner.
Up to now success has been hit or miss, I would like to hear comments from
other labs that have purchased such equipment. Published data on this
technique seem to use a much lower bias voltage than we can achieve at 10W,
although the manufacturer has explained this as a component error in the
early versions.

Regards


Alan W Nicholls, PhD

NB NEW PHONE NUMBERS

Mailing Address:-
University of Illinois at Chicago
Research Resources Center (MC 937)
835 South Wolcott Avenue
Chicago IL 60612-7341
Fax: 312 996 0539

Location Address:-
Room 110, Research Resources Center - East
845 West Taylor Street
Tel: 312 996 1227





From: Carl Henderson :      chender-at-umich.edu
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 09:49:48 -0400
Subject: Instruments available

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

The University of Michigan has the following instruments available:


{bold} *Hitachi S-570 SEM*

{/bold} Delivered in 1985, fully operational when retired Feb. 1997.

W-filament, 0.3 to 30 kV.

Diffusion pump system with SEM-CLEAN automatic chamber cleaning
attachment.

Standard stage (40 x 40 mm, -15=B0 to 90=B0 tilt, 360=B0 rotation)

Standard and in-lens SE detectors.

GW Electronics solid-state BSE detector.

GW Electronics video mixer.

Kevex Quantum 10mm2 Si(Li) ED spectrometer w/4460 pulse processor.

Kevex 8000 x-ray analyzer w/PDP 11/73, dual Bernoulli drives,
Ethernet,

quantitative analysis, image acquisition, FTP software.

Newport air-suspension vibration isolation table

Maintained in-house.



{bold} *Philips PW1400 WD-XRF*

{/bold} Delivered 1984, fully operational. Very little use over past
ten years.

Rh-tube.

Sample changer: PW1500, 72-position

Crystals: LIF[200], LIF[220], TlAP, PET=20

Philips PC X40 software.

Haskris chiller.

Maintained in-house.


All equipment is provided as-is, FOB Ann Arbor, MI. End-user is
responsible for packing, shipping and installation.


For more information and pricing, interested parties should contact
Carl Henderson or Donald Peacor at the addresses below. Email is
preferred.


=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D

Carl Henderson

Electron Microbeam Analysis Laboratory

University of Michigan

2501 C.C. Little Bldg.

Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1063 USA

(734) 936-1550 FAX (734) 763-4690

chender-at-umich.edu

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D

Donald R. Peacor

Professor, Department of Geological Sciences

Director, Electron Microbeam Analysis Laboratory

The University of Michigan

Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1063 USA

(734) 764-1452

drpeacor-at-umich.edu

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D








From: Alan Bright :      Bright-at-dial.pipex.com
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 15:50:22 +0100
Subject: Re: Histology Knives / Ralph Knife Maker ?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Richard,

I used & made this type of Ralf Knife around 20 years ago.

1. Start off with a 3 X 1 inch slide and diamond score using a small set
square at the desired position.

2. Place a wood toothpick on the opposite side of your score line offset
from the line by say 2mm, this distance is critical and may need to be made
larger or smaller depending on the profile you achieve. Take care and wear
leather gloves and protective goggles, carefully press down on the slide
and you should have your Ralf Knife.

3. To use the knife on a microtome, I placed a standard steel knife in the
holder with a piece of sheet metal under the steel knife to act as a ledge
to support the Ralf Knife. Make your Ralf Knife a few mm. longer than the
distance from the edge of the knife to the ledge at the base of the knife.

4. To fix the Ralf Knife onto the front face of the knife, paraffin wax
was used by slightly heating both knife and Ralf Knife, and then waiting to
both cooled down.

I hope this information is of assistance to you, please say if you need
anymore information.


Best Regards.

Alan Bright

Bright Instrument Co. Ltd.
St Margarets Way
Huntingdon
PE18 6EB
England

e-mail: Bright-at-dial.pipex.com
Tel: +44 (0) 1480 454528
Fax:+44 (0) 1480 456031

----------
} From: edelmare-at-casmail.muohio.edu
} To: microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com
} Subject: Histology Knives / Ralph Knife Maker ?
} Date: Monday, June 22, 1998 04:29
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} In our vast knowledge base does anyone have any suggestions for making
long edge glass
} knives, i.e. ~ 25mm or so as used for histology or rotary microtomes,
with an LKB knife
} maker or glass breaking pliers?
}
} Obviously, ideally we'd like to use a 'Ralph Knife' maker as sold by
several vendors,
} but the $2k price tag is prohibitive presently (sorry guys) ... unless
some has one
} gathering dust some where they'd be willing to part with....?
}
}
} Richard E. Edelmann, Ph.D.
} Electron Microscopy Facility Supervisor
} 352 Pearson Hall
} Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056
} Ph: 513.529.5712 Fax: 513.529.4243
} E-mail: edelmare-at-muohio.edu
}
} "WE ARE MICROSOFT.
} RESISTANCE IS FUTILE.
} YOU WILL BE ASSIMILATED."




From: lklfalk-at-fy.chalmers.se (Lena Falk)
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 17:30:00 +0100
Subject: post-doc position at Chalmers

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

POST-DOCTORAL POSITION

"Analytical Electron Microscopy of Oxynitride Glass Ceramics"

A post-doctoral position is available in the Division for Microscopy=
and
Microanalysis at Chalmers University of Technology within the framework=
of
the Training and Mobility of Researchers (TMR) Programme. Qualified
candidates should have a Ph.D. in materials science, physics or chemistry,
and a documented background in transmission electron microscopy.=
It will
be considered an advantage if he or she has some experimental experience=
of
any of the following techniques: energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
(EDX), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), convergent beam=
electron
diffraction (CBED) or high resolution lattice imaging. The applicant=
must
be a national of a Member State of the European Community. The starting
date of the appointment may be discussed, and the appointment may=
last up
to 16 months.

The position is funded by the TMR networks research project "Structure=
and
Properties of New M-Si-Al-O-N Oxynitride Glass Ceramics (M=3DY,Ln)"=
which is
a collaboration between seven partners in the United Kingdom, Ireland,
=46rance, Sweden and Belgium. The collaboration within the established
network will give the post-doctoral fellow good contacts with a number=
of
research groups in Europe and a good knowledge of a variety of preparative
/ analytical / property measurement techniques relevant to the evaluation
of new ceramic materials as well as other materials outside the field=
of
ceramics.

The aim of the research project is to determine crystal structures=
and
properties of currently uncharacterised new glass-ceramic phases=
in yttrium
and rare earth sialon systems. These materials are potential refractory
grain boundary phases in Si3N4-based ceramics, and have an interest=
also as
refractory surface coatings (glazes) and as interface materials in
nitride-oxide and nitride-metal joints.

The analytical transmission electron microscopy work carried out=
at
Chalmers will focus on the chemistry and structure of rare earth=
sialon
glasses and their crystallisation products, and on microstructural
development during nucleation and growth processes. Microanalytical=
work
on glass ceramics subjected to creep testing and oxidation / corrosion
experiments may also be carried out.

The major part of the microscopy work will be carried out on a Philips
CM200 Supertwin transmission electron microscope (TEM) with a field
emission gun (FEG) and surrounding interactive instrumentation. =
The FEG
TEM is equipped with the Gatan imaging filter (GIF) which produces=
energy
filtered electron images and diffraction patterns as well as electron
energy loss spectra, a Gatan off-axis CCD camera for high resolution
imaging and a Link Isis energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) system for
qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis including the light
elements. There are also other electron microscopes in the laboratory,
e.g. a Jeol 2000-FX TEM/STEM/SEM and a CamScan SEM.

Applications should be sent to:
Associate Professor Lena Falk, Department of Experimental Physics,=
Chalmers
University of Technology, SE-412 96 G=F6teborg, Sweden
e-mail: lklfalk-at-fy.chalmers.se; fax: +46 31 772 3224; phone: +46=
31 772 3321






From: Gelles, David S :      david.gelles-at-pnl.gov
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 09:14:18 -0700
Subject: RE: SF6 upgrades for JEOL TEMs

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We recently had such an upgrade done for a 2000ES by JEOL USA. The cost was
between $25K and $35K, You would have to get a price from JEOL in Australia or
Japan. We have not experienced any gun instabilities since. Both the gun and
HV tank were replaced, and the upgrade took less than a week.

David Gelles
Structural Materials Research
Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Richland, WA USA
Tel: 509 376-3141
Fax 509 376-0418
E-mail: ds_gelles-at-pnl.gov

-----Original Message-----
From: Vetrano, John S
Sent: Monday, June 22, 1998 9:05 AM
To: Gelles, David S
Subject: FW: SF6 upgrades for JEOL TEMs

Dave,

I figured you could answer this question if you get the chance.
His address is: M.Dickson-at-unsw.edu.au

Thanks, JSV
----------
From: Melvyn Dickson
Sent: Sunday, June 21, 1998 4:59 PM
To: Microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com
Subject: SF6 upgrades for JEOL TEMs


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of
America
To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to
ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
On-Line Help
http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Hello world,

Can we have some feedback on what is involved in upgrading a
JEOL 2000
series 200kV TEM from Freon to SF6?

An idea of cost would be of great interest.

TIA,

Mel Dickson
*****************************************************
Mel Dickson,
Director.
Electron Microscope Unit,
University of New South Wales.
Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

Phone (+612) 9385-6383
Fax (+612) 9385-6400
Website {http://srv.emunit.unsw.edu.au}
*****************************************************





From: Margaret Springett :      hukee.margaret-at-mayo.edu
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 12:37:39 -0600
Subject: Re: Histology Knives / Ralph Knife Maker ?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America




} 3. To use the knife on a microtome, I placed a standard steel knife in the
} holder with a piece of sheet metal under the steel knife to act as a ledge
} to support the Ralf Knife. Make your Ralf Knife a few mm. longer than the
} distance from the edge of the knife to the ledge at the base of the knife.
}
} 4. To fix the Ralf Knife onto the front face of the knife, paraffin wax
} was used by slightly heating both knife and Ralf Knife, and then waiting to
} both cooled down.
}
} I hope this information is of assistance to you, please say if you need
} anymore information.
}
}
} Best Regards.
}
} Alan Bright
}
} Bright Instrument Co. Ltd.
} St Margarets Way
} Huntingdon
} PE18 6EB
} England
}
} e-mail: Bright-at-dial.pipex.com
} Tel: +44 (0) 1480 454528
} Fax:+44 (0) 1480 456031
}
} ----------
} } From: edelmare-at-casmail.muohio.edu
} } To: microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com
} } Subject: Histology Knives / Ralph Knife Maker ?
} } Date: Monday, June 22, 1998 04:29
} }
} } ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} } The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} } To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} } On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} } -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
} }
} } In our vast knowledge base does anyone have any suggestions for making
} long edge glass
} } knives, i.e. ~ 25mm or so as used for histology or rotary microtomes,
} with an LKB knife
} } maker or glass breaking pliers?
} }
} } Obviously, ideally we'd like to use a 'Ralph Knife' maker as sold by
} several vendors,
} } but the $2k price tag is prohibitive presently (sorry guys) ... unless
} some has one
} } gathering dust some where they'd be willing to part with....?
} }
} }
} } Richard E. Edelmann, Ph.D.
} } Electron Microscopy Facility Supervisor
} } 352 Pearson Hall
} } Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056
} } Ph: 513.529.5712 Fax: 513.529.4243
} } E-mail: edelmare-at-muohio.edu
} }
} } "WE ARE MICROSOFT.
} } RESISTANCE IS FUTILE.
} } YOU WILL BE ASSIMILATED."


Margaret Springett
e-mail hukee.margaret-at-mayo.edu
IEM Specialist at Mayo Foundation
1426 Guggenheim
Rochester, Mn. 55905






From: alan stone :      as-at-popmail.mcs.net
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 15:48:14 -0500 (CDT)
Subject: LARGE chambered SEM--anyone?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Authenticated sender is {3qt3gt-at-worldnet.att.net}


I have a client who is looking for a SEM, with EDS, that can accommodate a
cable sample approximately 2 feet long without cutting it as it is involved
in litigation.

Does anyone have such an instrument (and operator) for hire?

If so, I will pass your name and number along.

Thanks.

Alan Stone
ASTON





From: William Tivol :      tivol-at-wadsworth.org
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 17:46:51 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: LARGE chambered SEM--anyone?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Alan,
}
} I have a client who is looking for a SEM, with EDS, that can accommodate a
} cable sample approximately 2 feet long without cutting it as it is involved
} in litigation.
}
} Does anyone have such an instrument (and operator) for hire?
}
Does your client need images, or just local compositions? In the
latter case, perhaps proton-induced x-ray emission (PIXE) or x-ray fluor-
escence (XRF) would be suitable. I know of facilities which have done
PIXE on a Gutenberg Bible, so they should be able to accomodate the size
of the sample. Good luck.
Yours,
Bill Tivol




From: wise-at-vaxa.cis.uwosh.edu
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 13:58:05 -0600 (CST)
Subject: Looking for used TEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

To all,

Marian College in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin is looking for a good used
TEM for biological imaging to replace their early-60's RCA EMU3G. The
closer the better, the more robust the better, and the cheaper the better.
Anybody have an old scope to unload?

Bob


Dr. Robert R. Wise
Department of Biology and Microbiology
University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh
Oshkosh, WI 54901

(920) 424-3404 tel
(920) 424-1101 fax
wise-at-uwosh.edu
www.uwosh.edu/departments/biology/wise/wise.html






From: Earl Weltmer :      earlw-at-pacbell.net
Date: Tue, 23 Jun 1998 20:08:08 -0700
Subject: Re: LARGE chambered SEM--anyone?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



alan stone wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} I have a client who is looking for a SEM, with EDS, that can accommodate a
} cable sample approximately 2 feet long without cutting it as it is involved
} in litigation.
}
} Does anyone have such an instrument (and operator) for hire?
}
} If so, I will pass your name and number along.
}
} Thanks.
}
} Alan Stone
} ASTON

A JEOL IC848 can easily be modified to accomodate a sample that large
depending upon the sample thickness. email me if you need more info.

Earl Weltmer





From: Crossman, Harold :      Crossman-at-osi.sylvania.com
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 1998 07:50:05 -0400
Subject: RE: LARGE chambered SEM--anyone?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

A few thoughts that come to mind:
1) Check with Amray for info on large chambers. They have built
systems that can accomodate aircraft turbine blades.
2) If the cable is part of a failure investigation, then it may be
worth the expense of X-raying the entire cable section. Non-destructive
analysis can be done in real time and can be video taped.
3) Since failures begin at microscopic site(s), the root cause(s) may
not be revealed until the cable has been dismantled appropriately.
4) Who let the lawyers in to the lab?!

Harold J. Crossman
OSRAM SYLVANIA INC.
Lighting Research Center
71 Cherry Hill Dr.
Beverly, MA 01915
(978) 750-1717
crossman-at-osi.sylvania.com

}




From: Dr. Kalpana S Katti :      kkatti-at-prairie.nodak.edu
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 1998 08:31:13 -0500 (CDT)
Subject: SEM digital image analysis software

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html



Hello,

What is a good software to use for SEM digital image analysis?

Thanks
Kalpana

************************************************************************************
Kalpana S Katti, Ph.D.
Department of Polymers and Coatings
North Dakota State University Fargo, ND 58105
ph:(701)231-8410
fax:(701)231-8439
email:kkatti-at-prairie.nodak.edu
************************************************************************************







From: rlmcgehee-at-msn.com () (by way of Nestor J. Zaluzec)
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 1998 08:42:45 -0500
Subject: Help in Identifying an old microscope

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Email: rlmcgehee-at-msn.com
Name: Richard McGehee

School: McGehee Institute of Higher Learning

State: Kentucky

Zip: 42701

Question: I have acquired an old microscope at a flea market and would like
to find out what it is. It has one eyepiece and two objectives. There are
quartz crystals in the optical paths. It has a rectangular box shape with
a front sliding cover to access a ceramic slabe work base. Looks like it
could be a binocular disecting microscope or a comparator microscope.
Having acquired it in western Kentucky it may be related to analysis of
coal.

A plate on the back has:
Bausch & Lomb Optical Co.
Rochester, NY
No. 6222 Pat. Appl'd
I estimate is is from about the 1920s. My wife estimates it is from late
1800s.
My goal is to get the patient information so I can replace the missing
objective lenses and use it.
Bausch & Lomb have not been helpful. The old patient books are not much
use without knowing the year.

Thanks.






From: BKurnett-at-tech.puhsd.k12.ca.us () (by way of Nestor J. Zaluzec)
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 1998 08:44:52 -0500
Subject: California High School needs a Vacuum Pump

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Email: BKurnett-at-tech.puhsd.k12.ca.us
Name: Bill Kurnett (High School Teacher)

School: Del Oro High School

State: California

Zip: 95650

Question: Is there anyone who can lend a small capacity mechanical vacuum
pump to Del Oro High School in Loomis, CA. The pump is needed for a
low-tech beam tube which can be used to demonstrate focusing by a magnetic
lens. Student Joseph Navarro and Andy Hill are working on this project
under the direction of teacher Bill Kurnett.

phone: 1-916-652-7243
FAX:1-916-652-3706







From: METENGR-at-aol.com
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 1998 10:16:50 EDT
Subject: www site announcement

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello fellow microscopists:

M.E. Taylor Engineering, Inc. would like to announce its new web site to =
the=0Amicroscopy community.

We can be found at:

www.semsupplies.com

Please take a browse and see how we may be of service or help to you and =
your=0Acompany.


M.E. Taylor Engineering, Inc.
21604 Gentry Lane
Brookeville, MD 20833
Phone: 301-774-6246 =95 FAX: 301-774-6711 =95 e-mail: Metengr-at-aol.com =
=95 See us=0Aon the web at www.semsupplies.com





From: i.ivanov-at-ix.netcom.com
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 1998 14:29:42 -0500 (CDT)
Subject: Re: LARGE chambered SEM--anyone?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Alan,
We have a large chamber (14"x14"x8") SEM with light element EDS detector, variable pressure attachment, and digital data
storage.
We provide analytical services for industry and and legal community.
Igor Ivanov
RJ Lee Group
SEM/EDS,TEM,AES,XPS,SIMS,GCMS,FTIR,ICP,AFM,XRD,EPMA Analytical Services
530 McCormick Str.
San Leandro, CA 94577
510-567-0480
510-567-0488 FAX

On 06/23/98 15:48:14 you wrote:
} I have a client who is looking for a SEM, with EDS, that can accommodate a
} cable sample approximately 2 feet long without cutting it as it is involved
} in litigation.
} } Does anyone have such an instrument (and operator) for hire?
} } If so, I will pass your name and number along.
} Thanks.
} Alan Stone
} ASTON







From: Cynthia Shannon :      cshannon-at-nctimes.net
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 1998 15:35:08 -0700
Subject: New e-mail address

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Microscopy Listserver,
Please change my address from : cshannon-at-fda.net
to: cshannon-at-nctimes.net
Thank you for your attention.
Sincerely,
C Shannon





From: John C. Wheatley :      John.Wheatley-at-asu.edu
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 1998 17:36:12 -0700
Subject: Calibration Standard

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anybody have a new or tried and true suggestion for a TEM
magnification calibration standard for a mag of 30KX using a CCD camera? I
would like to have better than +/- 3% accuracy. Have tried catalase--not
happy with it. Latex spheres seem to shrink about 20% (according to a 1968
paper). Diffraction gratings not acceptable--only two to three lines in
the image.

John C. Wheatley
Lab Manager
Arizona State University
Center for Solid State Science
PSA-213
BOX 871704
Tempe, AZ 85287-1704


Phone: (602) 965-3831
FAX: (602) 965-9004
John.Wheatley-at-ASU.Edu







From: Smith, Peter :      smithp-at-agresearch.cri.nz
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 1998 13:04:27 +1200
Subject: dissolving Brdu

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not understand
this format, some or all of this message may not be legible.

------ =_NextPart_000_01BDA039.CA0F9200
Content-Type: text/plain

I'm required to inject some sheep at 2 hourly intervals with Brdu. Most
papers refer to a "magic" figure of 5mg/kg body weight, so per injection
I'll need 250mg of Brdu. We seem to have a few problems dissolving this
quantity of Brdu in a reasonable amount of saline (ie 20mls or less, in
20mls concentration would be 4mol/l). . Any thoughts on improving
solubility would be appreciated.

Regards Peter Smith
AgResearch Wallaceville
Upper Hutt
New Zealand

smithp-at-agresearch.cri.nz

------ =_NextPart_000_01BDA039.CA0F9200
Content-Type: application/ms-tnef
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
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------ =_NextPart_000_01BDA039.CA0F9200--




From: Larry Allard :      l2a-at-ornl.gov
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 1998 21:25:46 -0400
Subject: Re: Calibration Standard

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

John:

One quick idea would be us use something like 10nm colloidal gold particles
and calibrate an image at high magnification using the particle lattice
spacings, then make a (nominal) 30kX image and measure bulk features to get
the actual mag at 30kX. You might want to track the magnification at one
or more steps down the scale as you approach 30kX, to get better accuracy
in the measurement.

There may also be some layered semiconductor samples that have highly
accurate and known layer spacings that can be imaged nicely at 30kX. It
seems to me that I have seen a paper or two on this type of sample, so a
literature search might pop up with something (if the listserver
doesn't...).

Larry




} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America


Dr. Lawrence F. Allard
Senior Research Staff Member
High Temperature Materials Laboratory
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
1 Bethel Valley Road
Bldg. 4515, MS 6064
PO Box 2008
Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6064

423-574-4981
423-574-4913 Fax
l2a-at-ornl.gov






From: Garber, Charles A. :      cgarber-at-2spi.com
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 98 23:27:04 -0500
Subject: 30KX using a CCD camera

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

-- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --

John Wheatley wrote:
============================================
Does anybody have a new or tried and true suggestion for a TEM magnification
calibration standard for a mag of 30KX using a CCD camera? I would like to
have better than +/- 3% accuracy. Have tried catalase--not happy with it.
Latex spheres seem to shrink about 20% (according to a 1968 paper).
Diffraction gratings not acceptable--only two to three lines in the image.
==============================================
If you are looking for something beyond the possibilities mentioned, we have
had some good reports from persons using the newly introducted MAG*I*CAL(TM)
Calibration Sample. You can get a good sense of what it looks like at
magnification at URL
http://www.2spi.com/catalog/standards/magical.html

It is a bit more expensive that most other "calibration" samples but it is
quite good and seems to be sufficiently robust that it does not fall apart
after being used a few times. And it certainly is not going to be effected
by the beam.

The product is available from SPI as well as several of the other main
suppliers of consumables and accessories to microscopy laboratories.

Chuck

===================================================
Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com


Look for us!
############################
WWW: http://www.2spi.com
############################
==================================================




From: Weiland, Hasso :      Hasso.Weiland-at-alcoa.com
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 1998 08:47:42 -0400
Subject: PC-based EDS system

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

We are looking for a low cost solution to replace an EDS analysis
system on a JEOL 840 SEM. The new system should make use of our
windowless Link 5474 detector, should be PC based (running Windows NT),
and have the option for digital imaging.

Please reply directly to this address and not to the listserver.
Hasso Weiland
Alcoa Technical Center
Alcoa Center, PA 15069

( 724 337-3133
Fax 724 337-2044
+hasso.weiland-at-alcoa.com




From: Jaap Brink :      brink-at-tiger.3dem.bioch.bcm.tmc.edu
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 1998 08:55:45 -0500 (CDT)
Subject: Re: Calibration Standard

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


John, I would argue that using a grating might still work. That is,
provided you get some feature that is recognizable at a lower mag, say
10K. The larger number of lines at the low mag will give you a
statistically valid number for that mag. Then the size difference
between that low mag and the higher one gives you the factor to
calculate the higher mag. We've done it on our scopes in just this way
for quite a while and it's quite accurate. Of course, with the CCD camera
you will still need to know exactly what the size of your CCD pixels is.
We ran into the same problem with our CCD camera (Gatan 679) (Sherman et
al, Micron 1996, 27:129-139).

Hope this helps,

Jaap

--
Jaap Brink, Ph.D.
Biochemistry, One Baylor Plaza, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
Phone: (713)798-6989 -- Fax: (713)796-9438 -- Email: jbrink-at-bcm.tmc.edu
URL : http://ncmi.bioch.bcm.tmc.edu/~brink

On Wed, 24 Jun 1998, John C. Wheatley wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Does anybody have a new or tried and true suggestion for a TEM
} magnification calibration standard for a mag of 30KX using a CCD camera? I
} would like to have better than +/- 3% accuracy. Have tried catalase--not
} happy with it. Latex spheres seem to shrink about 20% (according to a 1968
} paper). Diffraction gratings not acceptable--only two to three lines in
} the image.
}
} John C. Wheatley
} Lab Manager
} Arizona State University
} Center for Solid State Science
} PSA-213
} BOX 871704
} Tempe, AZ 85287-1704
}
}
} Phone: (602) 965-3831
} FAX: (602) 965-9004
} John.Wheatley-at-ASU.Edu
}
}
}





From: Thomas A Baginski :      tombg-at-bictom.usuf1.usuhs.mil
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 98 10:20:44 -0400
Subject: Looking for an LKB Stainer

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does any one have an old LKB grid stainer that can be used for
parts. We would like to get one for a spare. Please let me know,
Tom Baginski, USUHS, Bethesda, MD






From: John C. Wheatley
Date: Wednesday, June 24, 1998 8:36PM
Subject: Calibration Standard

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I have used the Mag-I-Cal sample that John McCaffrey and crew came up
with and which South Bay Technology distributes. This sample covers the
full range of Mags available in the TEM. It is done very quickly and
simply and it can be used to measure the rotation calibration of the
diffraction pattern and the camera constant as well. I have even used
it in a High resolution SEM but its use there isn't quite as easy.

Incidentally, they have the Guiness World Record for the World's
smallest ruler.

-Scott Walck

Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

Walck-at-PPG.com

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of Scott D. Walck and not of PPG
Industries, Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."


----------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Does anybody have a new or tried and true suggestion for a TEM
magnification calibration standard for a mag of 30KX using a CCD camera?
I
would like to have better than +/- 3% accuracy. Have tried
catalase--not
happy with it. Latex spheres seem to shrink about 20% (according to a
1968
paper). Diffraction gratings not acceptable--only two to three lines in
the image.

John C. Wheatley
Lab Manager
Arizona State University
Center for Solid State Science
PSA-213
BOX 871704
Tempe, AZ 85287-1704


Phone: (602) 965-3831
FAX: (602) 965-9004
John.Wheatley-at-ASU.Edu






From: Giles Sanders :      Giles.Sanders-at-nottingham.ac.uk
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 1998 17:03:45 GMT0BST
Subject: Araldite contimination

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Microscopists

A colleague of mine is using araldite to mount samples and then
performing experiments in cyclohexane. We would appreciate any
information or experience of the solubility of araldite in this
medium (or any others).

Thanks in advance

Dr. Giles Sanders
Laboratory of Biophysics & Surface Analysis
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Nottingham University




From: Gillian Bond :      gbond-at-nmt.edu
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 1998 11:00:57 -0600 (MDT)
Subject: Specimen holders for Philips 400 TEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Greetings everyone,

We are looking at buying a Philips 400. Does anyone out there have any
specimen holders to fit it that they would be willing to part with?
Especially, does anyone have a straining stage they would part with
(please, please, please!)? Double-tilt and/or low-background holders
would also be of great interest. If so, please e-mail me here today or
tomorrow, or, next week, e-mail me care of inal-at-nmt.edu
since I will be away on travel for a while, but the people here will be
able to contact me.

Thanks in advance for your time and attention.

Gill Bond
Dept Materials & Met. Eng.
New Mexico Tech






From: Fagerland,Jane :      jane.a.fagerland-at-abbott.com
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 1998 14:31:36 -0500
Subject: MMMS Meeting

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

One last reminder - next Wednesday, July 1, is the date of the Biologic=
al
Sciences Meeting of the Midwest Microscopy and Microanalysis Society. =
The
meeting will be held at the Blood Research Institute in Milwaukee. Jim=

DiOrio, Biological Sciences Director of MMMS, has put together a great
program, including a workshop on digital imaging. Tables will be avail=
able
for vendor literature, and there will be poster boards for any one wish=
ing to
display a poster.

If you intend to eat lunch with us, please remember to return your me=
nu
selections by tomorrow (Friday, June 26) on the forms mailed to you.


For more information, you may contact me via E-mail at
jane.a.fagerland-at-abbott.com.

I'm looking forward to seeing you in Milwaukee next Wednesday!

Jane Fagerland
President, MMMS
=




From: Paul E. Fischione :      paul.fischione-at-internetmci.com
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 1998 20:04:29 -0400
Subject: Sustaining Members Breakfast

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

To all MSA Sustaining Members and MSA Council:

You are cordially invited to attend the

MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA
Sustaining Members Breakfast
Monday, July 13, 1998 at 8:00 am to 9:30 am
Georgia World Congress Center
Room 255 W

Invited Speakers

Ralph Albrecht, MSA President
Kathleen B. Alexander, 1998 Program Chair
Janet Woodward, 1998 LAC Chair
Charlie Meshul, 1999 LAC Chair
Stuart McKernan, MSA Bulletin
Brian Skepton, Springer-Verlag
Philip Lesser, MSA Business Office
Mary Beth Rebedeau, The Rebedeau Group

The speakers will present brief updates on important current and future
Society Activities.

The favor of a reply is required.

Please R.S.V.P. to Paul Fischione, Chair - Sustaining Members Committee
as soon as possible at e-mail: Paul.Fischione-at-internetmci.com or by fax:
724-325-5443





From: hank p adams :      hpadams-at-bcm.tmc.edu
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 1998 19:54:40 +0100
Subject: Richardsons Stain

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html




Does anyone know the correct pH for Richardsons stain used for =
semithins. We are trying to match slides of skin done somewhere else in =
which the ground
substance (collagen, etc) of the dermis stained a purplish red.=20
TIA
Hank Adams
Cell Biology
Integrated Microscopy Core
Baylor College of Medicine
One Baylor Plaza
Houston, Tx 77030





From: matthias.morgelin-at-medkem.lu.se
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 10:05:16 +0100
Subject: negative scanner

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi everybody,
=20
we want to buy a scanner which can be used for both 35 mm and 70 mm EM=
=20
film as well as 81x100 mm plates, probably with different adapters (?).=
=20
Software must be compatible with Windows 95/NT 4.0 (e.g Adobe,=20
Freehand...). The higher resolution the better (at least 1200 dpi), th=
e=20
cheaper the better, as usual. Any helpful comments or experience? -=20
would be highly appreciated. Thanks a lot,
=20
Matthias




From: Richard Fonda :      fonda-at-anvil.nrl.navy.mil
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 07:53:01 +1500
Subject: STEM Lab Manager Position

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

The Naval Research Laboratory is conducting a continuing search for a
Director/Manager of the Marine Geosciences Division's Scanning
Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) research facility. An
announcement for this position is provided below. This opening is
only open to US citizens.

GENERAL: The Marine Geosciences Division, Naval Research Laboratory
(NRL), Stennis Space Center, MS, is seeking to fill the position of
Director/Manager of the division's STEM research facility. The
successful candidate will be an accomplished transmission electron
microscopist with a Ph.D. degree in a closely related academic field, or
possibly Ph.D. equivalent.

FACILITY MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION: The successful candidate will
serve as the director and manager of the facility and will be fully
responsible for: (1) competent, efficient, economical, and safe
operation and maintenance of NRL's 300 kV STEM with Environmental Cell
and supporting instrumentation for imaging and analyses including
Scanning Mode Microscopy (STEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry
(EDS), Electron Energy Loss Spectrometry (EELS), a slow scan,
charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and other data acquisition systems,
and a 100 kV Transmission Electron Microscope with Environmental Cell;
(2) staffing the facility with high quality support personnel; (3)
setting up operating procedures and protocols for all aspects of work
in the facility; (4) supervision and training of technical personnel;
(5) setting up the financial operations of the facility; (6) setting
up a cataloging/archiving system for samples, images, etc.; and (7)
ensuring that operations conform to all NRL/Navy health and safety
regulations and standards.

RESEARCH: As the senior electron microscopy expert, the incumbent
will conduct forefront basic and applied research directed towards
developing state-of-the-art microscopy techniques and applying these to
investigations of complex problems in marine geomaterials, geochemistry,
microbiology, environmental processes, and related areas. A primary
focus will be directed towards Naval problems particularly as involve
understanding fundamental processes associated with the formation,
deposition, and alteration of cohesive marine sediments and the impact
on the geoacoustic and geotechnical properties of the sediments and
behavior of these sediments in the marine environment. The inclusion
of the environmental cell in the STEM provides NRL with one of the
unique capabilities in the world. With the STEM and Environmental
Cell the incumbent will be able to conduct forefront research on
gaseous and aqueous chemical processes at the molecular scale.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION: Contact Philip J. Valent, Code 7401, Naval
Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529-5004, telephone:
228-688-4650, facsimile: 228-688-4093, or e-mail:
phil.valent-at-nrlssc.navy.mil.

_____________________________________________________________
Richard W. Fonda Naval Research Laboratory
(202) 767-2622 Code 6324
(202) 767-2623 fax Washington DC 20375
_____________________________________________________________






From: Rieck, Vern :      rieck-at-aavid.com
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 08:19:03 -0400
Subject: RE: Araldite contimination

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Dr. Sanders,

The chemical resistance (as well as temp resistance & strength)
of epoxies, for a given resin, depends greatly on the curing agent and
cure conditions used with the resin. I suggest consulting Ciba
literature (e.g.,
http://www.gluguru.com/Tech_Menu/Ciba_Araldite_Table/ciba_araldite_table
.htm)or technical reps to see if the resin/curing agent your colleague
is using meets their needs.

Regards, Vern

Vern Rieck
Quality Engineer
Aavid Thermal Products, Inc.
Manchester, NH
rieck-at-aavid.com

-----Original Message-----
From: Giles Sanders [SMTP:Giles.Sanders-at-nottingham.ac.uk]
Sent: Thursday, June 25, 1998 1:04 PM
To: Microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
Subject: Araldite contimination


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of
America
To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to
ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
On-Line Help
http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Dear Microscopists

A colleague of mine is using araldite to mount samples and then
performing experiments in cyclohexane. We would appreciate any
information or experience of the solubility of araldite in this
medium (or any others).

Thanks in advance

Dr. Giles Sanders
Laboratory of Biophysics & Surface Analysis
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Nottingham University




From: John C. Wheatley
Date: Wednesday, June 24, 1998 8:36PM
Subject: Calibration Standard

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone know if this John McCaffery calibration standard is NIST
tracable or if it has been NIST tested. Russ

-----Original Message-----

I have used the Mag-I-Cal sample that John McCaffrey and crew came up
with and which South Bay Technology distributes. This sample covers the
full range of Mags available in the TEM. It is done very quickly and
simply and it can be used to measure the rotation calibration of the
diffraction pattern and the camera constant as well. I have even used
it in a High resolution SEM but its use there isn't quite as easy.

Incidentally, they have the Guiness World Record for the World's
smallest ruler.

-Scott Walck

Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

Walck-at-PPG.com

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of Scott D. Walck and not of PPG
Industries, Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."


----------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Does anybody have a new or tried and true suggestion for a TEM
magnification calibration standard for a mag of 30KX using a CCD camera?
I
would like to have better than +/- 3% accuracy. Have tried
catalase--not
happy with it. Latex spheres seem to shrink about 20% (according to a
1968
paper). Diffraction gratings not acceptable--only two to three lines in
the image.

John C. Wheatley
Lab Manager
Arizona State University
Center for Solid State Science
PSA-213
BOX 871704
Tempe, AZ 85287-1704


Phone: (602) 965-3831
FAX: (602) 965-9004
John.Wheatley-at-ASU.Edu





From: Chris Gilpin :      cgilpin-at-fs1.sem.man.ac.uk
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 14:45:32 +0100
Subject: Phone number for Mostek

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Does anyone have the phone number for Mostek in the U.S. please

Chris

Chris Gilpin
Biological Sciences Electron Microscope Unit
G452 Stopford Building
Oxford Road
Manchester
M13 9PT
phone +44 161 275 5170
fax +44 161 275 5171
http://www.biomed.man.ac.uk/biology/emunit/emhome.html






From: Joiner Cartwright, Jr. :      joiner-at-bcm.tmc.edu
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 09:32:19 -0500
Subject: Re: negative scanner

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

At 10:05 AM 6/26/98 +0100, you wrote:
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America=20
(?).=20
} Software must be compatible with Windows 95/NT 4.0 (e.g Adobe,=20
} Freehand...). The higher resolution the better (at least 1200 dpi),=
the=20
} cheaper the better, as usual. Any helpful comments or experience? -=20
} would be highly appreciated. Thanks a lot,
} =20
} Matthias
*******************
If any single piece of hardware would fit your needs, I would think that it
would be a top end, high $$$, high resolution flatbed scanner. However you
MAY have difficulty finding a single piece of equipment that can do a
really good job on such a wide range of film sizes. I am getting good
results scanning 3=BC" x 4" EM negatives on an Agfa SnapScan 300/600 flatbed
scanner. And I am sure that it would do a good job on your larger film
sizes. However, although I have not tried it yet, I doubt that the results
from scanning 35mm format on a large flatbed like that would be
satisfactory. On the other hand the Polaroid SprintScan 35 does an
excellent job on the smaller 35mm format. So we have both machines. Yeah, I
know....$$$$$!
Joiner Cartwright, Jr., Ph.D.
Assistant Professor of Pathology
Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, Texas U.S.A.




From: Chris Gilpin :      cgilpin-at-fs1.sem.man.ac.uk
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 16:04:38 +0100
Subject: Moxtek phone number

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Sorry finger slipped on the keys.
Message should be Moxtek not Mostek.

Anyone have a phone number please.

Chris

Chris Gilpin
Biological Sciences Electron Microscope Unit
G452 Stopford Building
Oxford Road
Manchester
M13 9PT
phone +44 161 275 5170
fax +44 161 275 5171
http://www.biomed.man.ac.uk/biology/emunit/emhome.html





From: HILDEGARD CROWLEY :      hcrowley-at-du.edu
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 09:14:59 -0600 (MDT)
Subject: Re: pH Richardson's Stain

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Hi,

The "blues" in Richardson"s stains are combined with sodium borate. This
brings the pH into a high alkaline level (about pH 12). Most pH meters
cannot measure accurately such high readings. Furthermore, it is not that
important. There is no one "correct" pH for LM stain for epoxy embedded
tissues.
Coloration depends upon the fixation, dehydration, processing, and type of
tissue components. Most importantly it depends upon the type of epoxide
used for embedding. Components of Epon substitutes vary between
suppliers. This can make a huge difference in coloration.
Faced with trying to match a certain coloration of tissues which have been
processed in another laboratory is extremely difficult. Try the
following:
1. Suspend the stains (I assume they are from the same company as the
original!) in several phosphate buffers of different pH ranges.
(5,7,9,11?)
2. Before attempting to do anything at all, soak the sections in warm
water for about 30 minutes.
3. After staining be sure to soak the sections for 30 seconds in 75%
alcohol, then in 100% for 15 seconds or so.
4. Mounting media may change LM coloration! Use a neutral one such as
CYTOSEAL (Fisher).

5. Depending with what and how the sections were embedded, you may have
to remove unbound monomers. Contact me if you need the method for that by
telephone (303-871-3026). (AM is best).

I tore my hair out (which I can hardly afford) for two years staining
semi-thin skin biopsies. I wrote a couple of papers as a result. The
bottom line is that LM staining of epoxide embedded sections is extremely
complicated!!!!!!!! Try the first 4 items mentioned first. You might
also consider giving the stained sections a quick rinse in basic fuchsin.
This imparts a pinkish-purplish additive to the final slide.

This really is fun, it just does not seem like it some days!
Hildy







From: Giles Sanders :      Giles.Sanders-at-nottingham.ac.uk
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 16:21:29 GMT0BST
Subject: Araldite clarification

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Microscopists

To clarify my previous question on Araldite - my collegue is using
Araldite(R) Rapide and the similar slower curing version, but what he
is really looking for is an adhesive of similar consistency to these
but which are inert and preferably insoluble in cyclohexane.

Dr. Giles Sanders





From: Garry Burgess :      GBurgess-at-exchange.hsc.mb.ca
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 11:00:52 -0500
Subject: Computer BIOS Problem

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I am having a problem with a new IBM E56 Aptiva Computer. After only
about 5 or 10 minutes after first turning it on, and trying to connect
to the Internet it crashed, and subsequently doesn't recognize the hard
drive. Even the Aptiva Restore CD software is unable to format the
drive, and restore the software on the drive.

Someone suggested to me that perhaps the BIOS was damaged by Netscape,
but I don't know how to get at this BIOS to fix the problem, and it's a
pain to bring it back to the store, (with the long delay in getting back
up and running)

Is there anyone who understands this BIOS and who can advise me on how
to repair the damage? This is my first experience with PC's runnning
windows 95, and my first experience with a crash that I could not
recover from. It would be nice to be more self sufficient with regards
to computer crash problems, especially if they can be quickly and easily
solved right there on the spot, especially with lab computers.

Thankyou,
Garry

PS: it also seemed odd to me that IBM's idea for "recovery" is to format
the hard drive and reinstall all the software. I would have thought it
infinitately preferable to just restore the system software causing the
problem, and leave the rest of the files alone.




From: Dr. Mark W. Lund :      lundm-at-physc3.byu.edu
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 10:05:35 MST/MDT
Subject: RE: Moxtek phone number

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Chris,

We are at 801-225-0930, or FAX 801-221-1121.
E-mail to this address, or MLund-at-moxtek.com.
We also have a web page at http://www.moxtek.com


Thanks for asking!

best regards
mark




From: John C. Wheatley
Date: Wednesday, June 24, 1998 8:36PM
Subject: Calibration Standard

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Russ,

The timing of this question is pretty good! We have been trying
for quite some time to find the right person in NIST to arrange for some
form of certification for this sample, because of the frequent requests
for ISO-9000-type traceability. Three days ago we finally received a
usable letter - the text is included below.
The biggest problem for both us and NIST has been that the
MAG*I*CAL sample is made from a single crystal of silicon, with the
calibration marks being directly traceable to the silicon (111) lattice
spacing. This spacing is directly observable on the sample itself
through lattice imaging; i.e.: the sample is internally calibrated to a
"God-traceable" standard, and NIST generally doesn't bother confirming
intrinsic properties of materials. Certification auditors requiring
NIST-traceable samples are generally most concerned about adequate
paperwork, This recent communication with NIST gives us that
paperwork, I believe, as NIST acknowledges the lattice spacings of
silicon as being well characterized and documented, making the MAG*I*CAL
sample a NIST-recognized sample. We'll be discussing the proper NIST
term to use with the MAG*I*CAL sample when Rob Gettings gets back from a
business trip in a couple of weeks. In the meantime, a copy of the NIST
letter will be available for users of the sample for their certification
requirements. If anyone requires a copy of the NIST letter right now,
they should contact South Bay Technology, the world-wide master
distributor of the sample (fastest), or the vendor from which the sample
was purchased (will take longer). The South Bay contact is:

David Henriks
South Bay Technology, Inc.
1120 Via Callejon FAX: 714-492-1499
San Clemente, CA 92673 USA
TEL: 800-728-2233 (toll-free in USA)
TEL: 714-492-2600 (outside USA)
e-mail: henriks-at-southbaytech.com

I hope this adequately addresses your question.

Cheers
John

John P. McCaffrey
Institute for Microstructural Sciences
National Research Council of Canada
M-50 Montreal Rd.
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6
Canada

Tel: 613-993-7823
Fax: 613-990-0202
email: john.mccaffrey-at-nrc.ca


TEXT OF LETTER FROM ROBERT GETTINGS, NIST:

NIST
U.S. Department of Commerce
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR STANDARDS & TECHNOLOGY

Robert Gettings
Standard reference Materials Program
Bldg. 202, Rm. 212, Gaithersburg, MD 20899

June 23, 1998

Dear Mr. McCaffrey:

I am sending this communication in regards to your question concerning
the calibration of Transmission Electron Microscopes (TEM) using silicon
lattice spacings. NIST does not currently supply a standard for
calibrating the magnification scale of TEM's, nor for the crystalline
lattice spacings of silicon.

The crystalline lattice spacing is an intrinsic property of a material.
For pure silicon, the spacing has been well characterized and documented
by the scientific community. It is known to 6 decimal places, and can
be obtained from the CRC handbook of Chemistry and Physics among other
references.

Related work by NIST:

NIST is currently working on SRM 640c Silicon X-ray Diffraction Powder.
This material, when finished will provide certified line positions
traceable to the SI definition of length.

NIST is also working on a new standard, SRM1990, for the lattice spacing
of single crystal ruby. The material will be in the form of a 0.15 mm
sphere, and is expected to be complete by the end of this year.

Thank you for your interest in NIST standards.

Sincerely,
(signature)
Robert J. Gettings
Project Manager
----------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Does anyone know if this John McCaffery calibration standard is NIST
tracable or if it has been NIST tested. Russ

-----Original Message-----

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

I have used the Mag-I-Cal sample that John McCaffrey and crew came up
with and which South Bay Technology distributes. This sample covers the
full range of Mags available in the TEM. It is done very quickly and
simply and it can be used to measure the rotation calibration of the
diffraction pattern and the camera constant as well. I have even used
it in a High resolution SEM but its use there isn't quite as easy.

Incidentally, they have the Guiness World Record for the World's
smallest ruler.

-Scott Walck

Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

Walck-at-PPG.com

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of Scott D. Walck and not of PPG
Industries, Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."


----------


-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Does anybody have a new or tried and true suggestion for a TEM
magnification calibration standard for a mag of 30KX using a CCD camera?
I
would like to have better than +/- 3% accuracy. Have tried
catalase--not
happy with it. Latex spheres seem to shrink about 20% (according to a
1968
paper). Diffraction gratings not acceptable--only two to three lines in
the image.

John C. Wheatley
Lab Manager
Arizona State University
Center for Solid State Science
PSA-213
BOX 871704
Tempe, AZ 85287-1704


Phone: (602) 965-3831
FAX: (602) 965-9004
John.Wheatley-at-ASU.Edu




From: Steve Chapman :      PROTRAIN-at-CompuServe.COM
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 12:24:14 -0400
Subject: Computer BIOS Problem

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi Gary,

As an E.M. specialist and ex engineer using computers to run a business y=
ou
cannot help getting involved with these beasts.

I too have just had a BIOS problem which was solved in a way that may be
appropriate to you?

I upgraded my hard drive to find that the old BIOS could not run the
upgrade! The way round the problem was to contact the manufacturer's web=

site where there were a number of BIOS upgrades available. I was running=
,
or trying to run on version 1.4, down loading version 1.5 now has my baby=

running and we are both happy with life.

Good luck, its worth a try!

Steve Chapman

Senior Consultant E.M.
Protrain, 16 Hedgerley, Chinnor, Oxford OX9 4TN, England.
Tel & Fax 44 (0)1844 353161
Web Site - http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/protrain
For Consultancy and Courses in Electron Microscopy World Wide




From: Steven E. Slap :      ebs-at-ebsciences.com
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 98 13:18:48 -0400
Subject: Re: Calibration Standard

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear fellow microscopists,

Larry Allard suggested:
} One quick idea would be us use something like 10nm colloidal gold particles
} and calibrate an image at high magnification using the particle lattice
} spacings, then make a (nominal) 30kX image and measure bulk features to get
} the actual mag at 30kX. You might want to track the magnification at one
} or more steps down the scale as you approach 30kX, to get better accuracy
} in the measurement.

I agree. We have had similar standards made for us, with a combination
of colloidal gold particles of known sizes placed on a grid. Please
contact me back-channel for more information.

Best regards,
Steven E. Slap, Vice-President


********************************
Energy Beam Sciences, Inc.
The Laboratory Microwave Company
http://www.ebsciences.com
********************************





From: Garber, Charles A. :      cgarber-at-2spi.com
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 98 13:45:03 -0500
Subject: More on Mag*I*Cal for TEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

-- [ From: Garber, Charles A. * EMC.Ver #3.1 ] --

In response to the following question:
===============================================
Does anyone know if this John McCaffery calibration standard is NIST
tracable or if it has been NIST tested. Russ
================================================
A Certificate of Calibration accompanies each unit of the product. The
complete statement, as well as extensive additional information about the
product, can be found at URL
http://www.2spi.com/catalog/standards/mag-cert.html

The introductory paragraph that is on the Certificate is the following:
++++++++++++++
With regard to the tracability and certification of the MAG*I*CAL™
calibration sample, each sample is grown on
{001} oriented single crystal silicon, and all spacings on the sample are
directly referenced to the cross -sectional
(111) lattice spacing of silicon on the sample itself. This spacing is
visible by lattice imaging on the sample itself,
allowing each sample to be self-calibrating. Each unit comes with a numbered
certificate, the text of which is
included below. This certificate has been used for ISO 9000 certification,
with the argument that the sample is self-
calibrating against the (111) lattice spacing of silicon (a fundamental
constant), and to our knowledge, this is the
highest quality TEM calibration sample available anywhere in the world at
this time.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
I hope that this information answers your question.

Disclaimer: SPI Supplies has been distributing this product (as well as
others) and full details are available on our website given below.

Chuck

===================================================
Charles A. Garber, Ph. D. Ph: 1-(610)-436-5400
President 1-(800)-2424-SPI
SPI SUPPLIES FAX: 1-(610)-436-5755
PO BOX 656 e-mail: cgarber-at-2spi.com
West Chester, PA 19381-0656 USA Cust. Service: spi2spi-at-2spi.com


Look for us!
############################
WWW: http://www.2spi.com
############################
==================================================




From: Larry Ackerman :      mishot-at-itsa.ucsf.edu
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 11:18:23 -0700
Subject: Computer BIOS Problem

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I've seen this sort of problem with several newer computers. The source of
the problem is not clear. In one case the FAT (file allocation table) was
corrupted necessitating a reformat. The best solution I've found is to
install Norton Utilities and follow their advice for creating rescue disks,
running Image on startup etc. There are many resources for information on
the Web that are more appropriate (than this Microscopy forum) for
discussing this sort of general computer issue.




From: i.ivanov-at-ix.netcom.com
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 13:33:44 -0500 (CDT)
Subject: Re: Moxtek phone number

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Chris:
I assume you are looking for:
Moxtek (soft x-ray technologies)
452 West 1260 North
Orem, UT 84057
Dr. Clark Turner
801-225-0930
801-221-1121 FAX
moxtek-at-moxtek.win.net

Yours
Igor Ivanov
Senior Scientist
RJ Lee Group, Inc.
Analytical Services
530 McCormick Str
San Leandro, CA 94577
510-567-0480

On 06/26/98 16:04:38 you wrote:
} Sorry finger slipped on the keys.
} Message should be Moxtek not Mostek.
} Anyone have a phone number please.
}
} Chris Gilpin
} Biological Sciences Electron Microscope Unit
} G452 Stopford Building
} Oxford Road
} Manchester
} M13 9PT
} phone +44 161 275 5170
} fax +44 161 275 5171
} http://www.biomed.man.ac.uk/biology/emunit/emhome.html
}
}
}







From: Warren Straszheim :      wesaia-at-iastate.edu
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 13:34:33 -0500
Subject: Re: Computer BIOS Problem

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Offhand, I would be suspicious of the cooling fan/system. I have seen a
number of computers get flaky once the processor overheated. My first
experience of that type was after installing a 486-50 overdrive processor in
a PS/1. (Nobody told me it needed a cooling fan.) Things come to a halt very
quickly once the processor overheats, and it doesn't take all that long to
warm up. 5-10 minutes sounds like plenty long enough. I have had the same
experience with trying to drive a processor a little to hard, like when I
was trying to push my 120 MHz up to 133 MHz. It didn't seem like much of a
push, but the manufacturers have already well pushed to the edge so that
there is no room for a cooling fan to fail

If there is a cooling problem, I would not be surprised if BIOS setup also
fails to function. Is there anything on it that works? Can you boot from a
floppy?

If it does need a refresh of the BIOS, many companies provide files that you
can download from the internet. You use them to prepare a bootable floppy
which is then used to "flash" the BIOS on the subject computer. It seems
daunting, but I succeeded on updating the BIOS on an HP Vectra on the first
try. Fortunately, it wasn't as dead as yours, but that really shouldn't matter.

Warren

At 11:00 AM 6/26/98 -0500, Gary Burgess wrote:
}
} I am having a problem with a new IBM E56 Aptiva Computer. After only
} about 5 or 10 minutes after first turning it on, and trying to connect
} to the Internet it crashed, and subsequently doesn't recognize the hard
} drive. Even the Aptiva Restore CD software is unable to format the
} drive, and restore the software on the drive.
}
} Someone suggested to me that perhaps the BIOS was damaged by Netscape,
} but I don't know how to get at this BIOS to fix the problem, and it's a
} pain to bring it back to the store, (with the long delay in getting back
} up and running)
}
} Is there anyone who understands this BIOS and who can advise me on how
} to repair the damage? This is my first experience with PC's runnning
} windows 95, and my first experience with a crash that I could not
} recover from. It would be nice to be more self sufficient with regards
} to computer crash problems, especially if they can be quickly and easily
} solved right there on the spot, especially with lab computers.
}
} Thankyou,
} Garry
}
} PS: it also seemed odd to me that IBM's idea for "recovery" is to format
} the hard drive and reinstall all the software. I would have thought it
} infinitately preferable to just restore the system software causing the
} problem, and leave the rest of the files alone.
}





From: Warren Straszheim :      wesaia-at-iastate.edu
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 13:38:16 -0500
Subject: Re: Computer BIOS Problem

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Steve,

Are you referring to the limitation of the old computers to access disks
larger that 540M without an enhancement to the BIOS?

If so, most large disks (used to) come with a BIOS extender to allow access
of the whole disk. Perhaps manufacturers figure the old BIOS systems are all
gone and such utilities are no longer needed. But if a BIOS upgrade is
available for your system to allow large disk access, then that would
certainly be the better way to go.

Warren

At 12:24 PM 6/26/98 -0400, Steve Chapman wrote:
}
} Hi Gary,
}
} As an E.M. specialist and ex engineer using computers to run a business you
} cannot help getting involved with these beasts.
}
} I too have just had a BIOS problem which was solved in a way that may be
} appropriate to you?
}
} I upgraded my hard drive to find that the old BIOS could not run the
} upgrade! The way round the problem was to contact the manufacturer's web
} site where there were a number of BIOS upgrades available. I was running,
} or trying to run on version 1.4, down loading version 1.5 now has my baby
} running and we are both happy with life.
}
} Good luck, its worth a try!
}
} Steve Chapman





From: MICHAEL DELANNOY :      delannoy-at-welchlink.welch.jhu.edu
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 15:23:25 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: flat gold substrate

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Does anybody know of a source of commercial or lab fabicted gold substrate
(flat) for imaging molecules (fine grain for high resolution).

thanks
md





From: ROBERT WILLIS :      WILLIS.ROBERT-at-EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 1998 18:38:01 -0500
Subject: Raman microscopy

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Greetings microscopists:

I would like to discuss anyone's experience using Raman
micro-spectroscopy to get chemical information on particles. We are
exploring the possibility of using the technique to provide information on
nitrates, sulfates, phosphates, carbonaceous particles, hydrated
particles etc., to complement present characterization of micron-sized
particles by SEM and EDS.

I would also be interested in user's experiences with raman microscope
systems that are commercially available. Thanks to all respondents.

Bob Willis
ManTech Environmental Technology, Inc
2 Triangle Drive
Research Triangle Park, NC
Email: rwillis-at-epamail.epa.gov






From: matthias.morgelin-at-medkem.lu.se
Date: Friday, June 26, 1998 5:05AM
Subject: negative scanner

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

The messages following my comments are some dated email messages
regarding the Polaroid Sprintscan 45. It will do what you want it to
do.

I bought one and am fairly pleased with it. I had some problems with
the vendor getting it to me; it took about 4-5 months even though
Polaroid had them in stock (this was told to me by a Polaroid rep).
When the unit came in, many of the parts were missing: manuals, SCSI
cable, negative carriers, power cord, and SCSI terminator. It took
about a week to get the essential parts to get it working. It took
much longer to get the TEM negative carrier and I never did get the SCSI
cable that was supposed to be in, but I had another and so it was not an
issue and I let the matter drop.

The TEM carrier that they eventually sent me is not the glass one with
the anti-Newton glass that is described somewhere below. It is a
pressed metal piece with two magnets that fits into the 4x5 holder. It
is not as convenient as the 4x5 holder and the magnets crop off a little
of the image. John Warren recommends that the magnets be cut long way
to avoid this, but I haven't done this yet. However, I think that they
are close to a good negative carrier with this metal piece if they were
to replace the spring loaded plate on the 4x5 that has a rubber mat
around the edges of the 4x5 hole on it with a TEM negative sized plate.
This then would come down on the insert plate that they are now using
with the magnets and eliminate the magnets. I think that this
arrangement would be as easy to use as the original 4x5 holder. I'm
planning on having our machine shop make one. This plate is held in
place by four posts, springs, and snap rings on the posts.

It works very well and it is very fast. I still have a little trouble
setting the correct scan conditions. I think that their scan software
needs some work, though. I have had trouble getting the right scan
conditions on some negatives. I like to use a histogram to set up the
conditions, but it only gives a few sporadic lines and I haven't figured
out why this happens. It took a little while to get it set up. I
have a umax flatbed scanner on the system and the Polaroid software had
trouble recognizing the device even though all of the SCSI devices,
including the 45, were on line. This seems to be a minor irritant with
Polaroid scanners in general because another system down the hall has a
Sprintscan 35 and a Polaroid flatbed. I got that software to recognize
the flatbed on that system by turning off the Sprintscan35. I basically
did the same thing on our system and turned the flatbed off and it
finally recognized the Sprintscan45. We solved the problem when we
found that the TWAIN source selected was our umax32 source instead of
the umax16 source while the TWAIN32 was using the Sprintscan45 source.
Now we select the TWAIN32 device as either the umax32 or the
Sprintscan45 and we can leave both devices on.

The Sprintscan 45 doesn't have a timed out feature and the light stays
on all the time. That's a bit of a problem because I like to leave this
system powered up all the time.

Generally, I'm very pleased with the system and use it often.

-Scott Walck

Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

Walck-at-PPG.com

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of Scott D. Walck and not of PPG
Industries, Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."






-----------------------------------------------------------------------.


Does anyone know if a TEM negative carrier is available for the Polaroid
Sprintscan 45 Negative Scanner yet? Anyone having any experience with
the
carrier (if it exists) and this scanner, could you send me a little
message
on what you think of the system?

Thanks.

-Scott Walck

Walck-at-PPG.com

Scott D. Walck
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472



-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

I have had many conversations regarding digital imaging with a wide
variety of end users. The points made here have been validated in
those conversations. I thought that the point of view from law
enforcement might be of interest.

When a photographer or law enforcement agent testifies as to what
is
seen in a given image, they are attesting to the fact that the
image
is an accurate _representation_ of what they saw and photographed
at a
given point in time at a given location. Based on the perceived
reliability of the witness, a judge or jury determines whether that
testimony is accurate.

There has been much discussion in Law Enforcement circles about
digital watermarks and the like that would 'disappear' if an image
were manipulated. One well known digital camera manufacturer who
indicated that they had a proprietary file format that could not be
manipulated was corrected by a hacker. Given the right equipment
and
talent, an analog film image could be scanned in, manipulated and
output back to film and the best experts in imaging could not be
able
to tell and they will admit that. Someday, it may be possible, but
not
today. So, my point is that any image, digital or analog, is only
as
factual or accurate as the integrity of the person representing it
as
such.

John D. Warren
Area Sales Manager
Digital Products
Polaroid Corporation "See What
Develops"
4525 Leonard Parkway
Richmond, Virginia 23221-1809
804 254 1011
804 254 1013 Fax
warrenj1-at-polaroid.com



-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

The PDC 2000/40 has a new(45 days old) list price of $1699 and the
PDC/2000/60 has a list price of $1999. There has not been a price
reduction on the DMC as of yet.

John D. Warren
Area Sales Manager
Digital Products
Polaroid Corporation "See What Develops"
4525 Leonard Parkway
Richmond, Virginia 23221-1809
804 254 1011
804 254 1013 Fax
warrenj1-at-polaroid.com




______________________________ Reply Separator
_________________________________



------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Right, prices seem to be dropping. I recently visited one web site
advertising
the PDC-2000 for ~$2500 only to visit again a few weeks later to see it
reduced
to ~$1600. I haven't seen a comensurate price drop in the DMC 2000 but
that
is
probably because I haven't recieved a recent quote.
Kevin Brent Smith
University of Louisville Biology Dept.


-----Original Message-----


For the record, the Polaroid PDC-2000 is available for use either
"tethered"
or
"untethered", the latter with onboard storage for 40 or 60 images
depending
on
the model. You will then need to connect to the computer to download
your
images, though. Price of the PDC-2000 is now under $2K for all models.

Hope this helps your information gathering process. For more, get back
to me
or
check www.polaroid.com

Brooks Corl
Senior Application Manager
POLAROID CORPORATION
corlb-at-polaroid.com





John,
As you know, I bought the Sprintscan 45. You know that I had first
contact you
about this and had several inputs from the microscopy listserver. I
had a very
long delay in getting the thing to me and when it finally arrived, there
were
parts missing. You had me contact Dennis Lizier and he sent out the
standard
parts for the scanner (sans cable, but I already had one). However,
I told him
that you had said that the TEM negative carrier with the antireflection
glass
plates would also be sent to me. I haven't received it. I have left
several
messages with him about this, but I have not gotten a response or a call
back.
The original order went out in Jan. We have paid for the unit with the
good
faith that the carrier would be delivered. Am I going to receive the
negative
carrier? Can you please help me?
-Scott Walck

Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

Walck-at-PPG.com

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)



----------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Hi everybody,

we want to buy a scanner which can be used for both 35 mm and 70 mm
EM
film as well as 81x100 mm plates, probably with different adapters
(?).
Software must be compatible with Windows 95/NT 4.0 (e.g Adobe,
Freehand...). The higher resolution the better (at least 1200 dpi),
the
cheaper the better, as usual. Any helpful comments or experience? -
would be highly appreciated. Thanks a lot,

Matthias




From: Garry Burgess :      GBurgess-at-exchange.hsc.mb.ca
Date: Friday, June 26, 1998 4:53 PM
Subject: Computer BIOS Problem

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Gary:

I am a computer guy. Working on them, building them and repairing them is
the work that I do every day so I can squander my pay on my real love --
microscopes.

If your computer comes back after turning it off an setting for a while, the
bios [basic in/out system] is not the problem. You are getting information
to the computer and out of the computer. It sounds as if you have a cooling
fan problem. The processor gets overheated and then refuses to work.
Letting it cool will allow it to function for a few more minutes and then it
will refuse to work again. Depending on the CPU, you may be beyond the
point of needing to replace it already. Look for extended troubles down the
line. You can put a diagnostic on it and watch it slow down as it
overheats.

Get the largest fan and heatsink set up you can for the CPU. Make sure it
is a a ball bering fan. Sleev fans freeze up too easily. We sell very nice
ones for $8.00. I am not soliciting your business, but pointing out that
you should not pay an arm and a leg for a good one. $12.00 should get you
the fan and heatsink you need. The main reason for this problem is dirt.
Clean out your machine every so often -- three times a year. If it sets on
the floor -- keep a closer eye on it. There is a lot of dust down there.

I am sure I live a long way from you, and it is difficult to diagnose
problems without looking at them. Any number of problems may be occuring. If
the machine flakes out on you at about the same interval without being on
the internet, it may be the CPU cooling system. If the machine only fails
while on the internet, it probably is something to do with the modem or the
phone line or the intenet.

You are undoubtedly "a man of science and technology", apply the scientific
method to it. If you are a biologist who believes in evolution rather than
creation, make up you own story and set out to prove your theories correct
because surely faith in the manufacturer of the piece has nothing to say
about its oporation parametes.

Best of luck, Gary. Let us all know how it turned out!!

Sandy
-----Original Message-----





From: Garry Burgess :      GBurgess-at-exchange.hsc.mb.ca
Date: Friday, June 26, 1998 4:53 PM
Subject: Computer BIOS Problem

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Gary:

I am not lover of Microsoft though I use their products because they are the
best system going. I have tried others. Please don't blame them for the
fact that you do not back up. This is a very inexact science still. Back
ups are the most important detail that most people ignore. MS has a good
backup utility - especially on '95. Either use that or tape or disk media
or best of all; with the prices of hard drive dropping drastically, put
another large drive in you system and use it to back up your files.

Another piece of advice, stay away from the proprietary stuff the next time
around. They can make for some wicked expensive repairs. Go to a computer
shop and have them build you a clone. Every piece in it is replaceable with
bigger, better and newer hardware. You will be much better pleased with the
service and repair turn arounds too.

As before,

Sandy
'
-----Original Message-----





From: anon :      crow-at-xxxaloha.net
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 1998 08:03:06 -0500
Subject: resin vs parafin microtome sectioning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I am preparing to make microscope slides of palm flowers and fruits.
Some of the fruits are quite woody as are many of the developmental
stages of the flowers. I had planned to use the old parafin method of
microtome preparation but I have been advised to consider resin. My
funds and resources are limited, but the resin method seems to have more
advantages.

Questions:
1. Can I use a manual rotary Spencer 820 American Optical Corp Microtome
on resin samples?

2. What are the drawbacks to using the resin method?

3. What are the drawbacks to using the parafin method
(toxicity/results/time)?

Thanks in advance for any and all responces. Please reply to my email:
crow-at-aloha.net

Best wishes,

mattie






From: crow-at-xxxaloha.net (anon)
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 1998 12:48:40 -1000 (HST)
Subject: resin vs parafin microtome sections

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I will be sectioning palm flowers and fruits, some of which are almost
woody. I had planned to use the old parafin method. The microtome I have in
my lab is a rotary Spencer 820 (manual) , American Optical Corporation.
Resin preparation instead of parafin has been recommended to me.

1. Can I use the above rotary microtome to section resin prepared palm
fruit material?

2. What are the benefits vs down sides of resin/parafin

3. What is the best type of prep procedure for using resin
(books/references/labs?)

Thanks in advance for any ideas and experience. Please reply to my email:

crow-at-aloha.net
Mattie

_______________________________________________________________
Melany H. Chapin

To Reply Please Remove Spam-Proof "XXX" from return address.

ADDRESS: crow-at-aloha.net

After dark, all cats are leopards. (Zuni proverb) We will be known by the
tracks we leave. (Dakota) When the legends die, the dreams end; there is no
more greatness (Shawnee) Every animal knows more than you do. (Nez Perce)
________________________________________________________________






From: South Bay Technology :      Henriks-at-CompuServe.COM
Date: Sun, 28 Jun 1998 15:13:54 -0400
Subject: MAG*I*CAL NIST Letter

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear All:

We were not quite ready to announce this NIST information as we still hav=
e
some clarification left to do, but now that the word is out, everyone see=
ms
to want/need a copy of "the letter". With that in mind, and because of t=
he
number of requests I have received already, I will be posting a copy of t=
he
letter on our web site (http://www.southbaytech.com) within the next week=
=2E =

When I have the exact page address, I will post it here.

Thank you all for your interest!

Best regards-

David =

Writing at 12:01:40 PM on 6/28/98
=

*************************************************************************=
**
************************

David Henriks TEL: =

800-728-2233 (toll free in the USA)
South Bay Technology, Inc. +1-949-492-2600
1120 Via Callejon FAX: +1-949-492-1499=

San Clemente, CA 92673 USA e-mail: henriks-at-southbaytech.com=


*************************************************************************=
**
************************

} } } } } Please visit us at http://www.southbaytech.com { { { { {

Manufacturers of precision sample preparation equipment and supplies for
metallography, crystallography and electron microscopy.




From: Garry Burgess :      GBurgess-at-exchange.hsc.mb.ca
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 09:44:34 -0500
Subject: BIOS Problem Resolved

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

It seems from my inspection of the BIOS that it was indeed set OK, and
that Netscape didn't screw it up. However, it still would not boot up.
The store was kind enough to exchange the computer for a new one though,
which I appreciated, since it was only 5 minutes out of the box until I
had this problem. My suspicion is that there was a bad -very bad sector
on the hard drive that caused this nightmare.

Anyway, I would like to thank everyone who took the time to give me some
suggestions, some of which were to get a new computer. I've learned
something anyway.

Garry

} ----------
} From: Terry D. Krueger[SMTP:tdkrueger-at-imation.com]
} Sent: 29 June, 1998 08:28
} To: Garry Burgess
} Subject: Re: Computer BIOS Problem
}
} If I was sitting in front of your computer it would be a lot easier.
} However, here goes.
} When you turn the computer on do you see the RAM memory test and all that
} stuff? You should see a message that says "Press {Delete} to enter setup."
} That will get you into the Bios. Then all you can do is check to see if
} the correct parameters are entered in the Bios to match the specifications
} of you hard drive. The specifications of your hard drive should be printed
} on a label on the drive itself, so you may have to take the box apart and
} look at it. First you must make sure that a hard drive is entered at all.
} You should be able to select that somewhere on the left side of the screen.
} Then you must enter all the parameters on the right side of the screen such
} as # of heads, # of sectors, Meagbytes or Gigabytes. My experience is with
} slightly older equipment and I am assuming that there aren't any major
} differences in this IBM aptiva Bios. If everything looks OK, you may just
} have a loose ribbon cable going to the drive. It would be quite surprising
} to have Netscape screwing up your Bios. The purpose of your Bios is just
} to tell the computer what kind of hardware you have and how to use it.
} There is nothing in Netscape that I have heard of that could reprogram it.
}
}
}




From: Roseann Csencsits :      csencsits-at-aaem.amc.anl.gov
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 10:35:37 -0600
Subject: Filament image vibration

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Has anyone ever observed anything similar to this:????If so how did you
fix it???

I have a filament image vibration in one direction at 30-60hz in a JEOL
4000. It is very subtle. I have observed this for 3 years but the
amplitude has increased such that we would like to pin down the source
and correct it.

Since initially observing the problem we have had a gun change, several
filament changes, the high voltage tank worked on so I do not see these
as probable causes. Also I do not think these would give a one
direction effect. The magnetic fields of computers, monitors, and step
motors do not seem to have any effect on the filament image vibration.

I am thinking that the deflector circuits would be most suspect. Usual
tests on the power supplies look good.
Any ideas would be appreciated.
--
Dr. Roseann Csencsits
Electron Microscopy Center
Building 212/C217
Argonne National Laboratory
9700 South Cass Avenue
Argonne, IL 60439-4838
Phone: (630) 252-4977
Fax: (630) 252-4798






From: alan stone :      as-at-popmail.mcs.net
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 12:47:35 -0500 (CDT)
Subject: thanks----LARGE chambered SEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

My thanks to all who took the time to help me locate a SEM large enough to
accommodate my client's sample.

Alan Stone
ASTON





From: William Tivol :      tivol-at-wadsworth.org
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 13:36:43 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Filament image vibration

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Roseann,
}
} Has anyone ever observed anything similar to this:????If so how did you
} fix it???
}
Our HVEM has had similar problems, which we found were caused by
mechanical vibrations--the column resonates at 20 Hz. We determined that
the vibrations arose from many small sources, and when we fixed every-
thing we could think of (including when the bearings for the air condi-
tioning fans for our 45 story building were replaced), the vibrations
lessened and finally are no longer a problem.

} I have a filament image vibration in one direction at 30-60hz in a JEOL
} 4000. It is very subtle. I have observed this for 3 years but the
} amplitude has increased such that we would like to pin down the source
} and correct it.
}
Does your column resonate in the 30-60 Hz region? 60 Hz would
seem at first thought to be electrical, but maybe not. We had someone
come in with a vibration generator, and when he swept through the fre-
quency range while I was looking through the binoculars, I could see a
change from quiescence to large motion as the frequency went through
20 Hz.

} Since initially observing the problem we have had a gun change, several
} filament changes, the high voltage tank worked on so I do not see these
} as probable causes. Also I do not think these would give a one
} direction effect. The magnetic fields of computers, monitors, and step
} motors do not seem to have any effect on the filament image vibration.
}
} I am thinking that the deflector circuits would be most suspect. Usual
} tests on the power supplies look good.
} Any ideas would be appreciated.
} --
Sounds like electrical causes have been checked out. If your
instrument is shock-mounted, it will be sensitive to acoustic vibrations,
so you may have to look into air conditioning vents, etc. Good luck;
tracking down this kind of subtle effect--which may arise from several
sources--can be devilishly frustrating. When you fix one source, there
may be little or no observable improvement; only when you fix lots of
things will you notice a gradual improvement.
Yours,
Bill Tivol




From: pchouse :      pchouse-at-freewwweb.com
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 12:58:57 -0700
Subject: Kajikawa stain

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone have information about this stain? What is its use in TEM?
What is the procedure in it's use? One of the project leaders thought
it would be good to use but didn't know why. Thank you for your help.
PAM




From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Michel_Ribardi=E8re?= :      mrib-at-club-internet.fr
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 20:34:10 +0200
Subject: Filament cleaning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Message en plusieurs parties et au format MIME.

------=_NextPart_000_0006_01BDA39D.4569DA80
Content-Type: text/plain;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable


Use Dichlorodifluoroethane

------=_NextPart_000_0006_01BDA39D.4569DA80
Content-Type: text/html;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

{!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN"}
{HTML}
{HEAD}

{META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type}
{META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.71.1712.3"' name=3DGENERATOR}
{/HEAD}
{BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff}
{DIV}   {/DIV}
{DIV} {FONT color=3D#000000 face=3DArial size=3D2} Use=20
Dichlorodifluoroethane {/FONT} {/DIV} {/BODY} {/HTML}

------=_NextPart_000_0006_01BDA39D.4569DA80--





From: Doug Keene :      DRK-at-shcc.org
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 13:33:43 -0700 (Pacific Daylight Time)
Subject: primary with no secondary?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Dear Microscopists:

I am in a mild state of confusion regarding an immuno-EM
experiment where it seems that the secondary antibody (GAM
5 nm) does not recognize the primary (mouse IgG) once the
primary is bound to its corresponding antigen in tissue.
We expect that the antigen is present with periodicity on
fibrils in the connective tissue matrix. After the tissue
is emersed in antibody, we see periodic decoration of the
fibrils, which indicates to us that the antibody is bound.
However, secondary antibody does not bind to the tissue. We
are convinced that the secondary conjugate is not
defective, as we use it for other experiments. Has anyone
else experienced a situation where a secondary does not
recognize a primary once the primary is bound to its
corresponding antigen?

Many thanks for your consideration,

Doug
----------------------
Douglas R. Keene
Associate Investigator
Shriners Hospital Microscopy Unit
Portland, Oregon 97201
DRK-at-shcc.org





From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Michel_Ribardi=E8re?= :      mrib-at-club-internet.fr
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 22:48:41 +0200
Subject: Re: Filament image vibration

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


-----Message d'origine-----
De : Roseann Csencsits {csencsits-at-aaem.amc.anl.gov}
=C0 : microscopy listserver {microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com}
Date : lundi 29 juin 1998 21:45
Objet : Filament image vibration


} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America

I hope this will help you in your inquiry.

} From a french Jeol Engineer





From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Michel_Ribardi=E8re?= :      mrib-at-club-internet.fr
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 22:54:41 +0200
Subject: Re: Filament cleaning

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Use Dichlorodifluoroethane





From: Steve Short :      sms-at-technifab.com
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 17:00:48 -0500
Subject: SEM, Cryogenic applications in electron microscopes etc.

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear listserve participants,

My name is Steve Short. I work for Technifab Products, Inc., a
manufacturer of cryogenic equipment located in Brazil, Indiana. I am
researching the use of detector dewars in electron microscopes and other
microscopy related equipment.

If you have any basic information regarding the fundamental operation of
electron microscopes and more specifically the role of liquid nitrogen
detector dewars, please notify me as to how I may obtain that information.

Tel. 812-442-0520
e-mail to sms-at-technifab.com
Fax 812-442-0891

Mail to PO Box 315, Brazil, IN 47834

Thanks and regards,

Steve Short





From: Thomas, Larry :      Larry.Thomas-at-pnl.gov
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 16:54:04 -0700
Subject: RE: negative scanner -Polaroid Sprintscan45 and collected previou s

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

--Scott

A quick comment on your difficulty setting scan conditions for negatives:
Scanner software often applies a gamma correction for negative scans, apparently
to compensate for the low contrast of negative film used in conventional
photography. With slow programs, you can sometimes see the scanned image
change as built-in lookup table is applied after the scan is complete. Also,
your scanner control software might offer a choice of film settings (Kodak,
Agfa, ...). That's another tipoff that the scanner software is applying a
lookup table after scanning. TEM negatives often have very high contrast, and
aren't really the kind of negatives the scanner programmers had in mind. A
common result of scanning TEM film as negatives is severe posterization (loss of
gray levels).

To avoid this effect, try scanning the TEM film as positive transparencies (you
can invert the contrast with other controls in the scanner software, or in
Photoshop. Also, in the positive transparency mode (for Microtek scanner
software at least), there is a further option to force a linear gamma
correction. I sometimes find this mode useful for scanning extremely high
contrast negatives.

Larry Thomas
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Washington State University
Pullman, WA 99352
email thomas-at-mme.wsu.edu


----------
From: Walck. Scott D.
Sent: Saturday, June 27, 1998 12:41 AM
To: matthias.morgelin-at-medkem.lu.se; Micro
Subject: RE: negative scanner -Polaroid Sprintscan45 and
collected previou s messages.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

The messages following my comments are some dated email messages
regarding the Polaroid Sprintscan 45. It will do what you want it to
do.

I bought one and am fairly pleased with it. I had some problems with
the vendor getting it to me; it took about 4-5 months even though
Polaroid had them in stock (this was told to me by a Polaroid rep).
When the unit came in, many of the parts were missing: manuals, SCSI
cable, negative carriers, power cord, and SCSI terminator. It took
about a week to get the essential parts to get it working. It took
much longer to get the TEM negative carrier and I never did get the SCSI
cable that was supposed to be in, but I had another and so it was not an
issue and I let the matter drop.

The TEM carrier that they eventually sent me is not the glass one with
the anti-Newton glass that is described somewhere below. It is a
pressed metal piece with two magnets that fits into the 4x5 holder. It
is not as convenient as the 4x5 holder and the magnets crop off a little
of the image. John Warren recommends that the magnets be cut long way
to avoid this, but I haven't done this yet. However, I think that they
are close to a good negative carrier with this metal piece if they were
to replace the spring loaded plate on the 4x5 that has a rubber mat
around the edges of the 4x5 hole on it with a TEM negative sized plate.
This then would come down on the insert plate that they are now using
with the magnets and eliminate the magnets. I think that this
arrangement would be as easy to use as the original 4x5 holder. I'm
planning on having our machine shop make one. This plate is held in
place by four posts, springs, and snap rings on the posts.

It works very well and it is very fast. I still have a little trouble
setting the correct scan conditions. I think that their scan software
needs some work, though. I have had trouble getting the right scan
conditions on some negatives. I like to use a histogram to set up the
conditions, but it only gives a few sporadic lines and I haven't figured
out why this happens. It took a little while to get it set up. I
have a umax flatbed scanner on the system and the Polaroid software had
trouble recognizing the device even though all of the SCSI devices,
including the 45, were on line. This seems to be a minor irritant with
Polaroid scanners in general because another system down the hall has a
Sprintscan 35 and a Polaroid flatbed. I got that software to recognize
the flatbed on that system by turning off the Sprintscan35. I basically
did the same thing on our system and turned the flatbed off and it
finally recognized the Sprintscan45. We solved the problem when we
found that the TWAIN source selected was our umax32 source instead of
the umax16 source while the TWAIN32 was using the Sprintscan45 source.
Now we select the TWAIN32 device as either the umax32 or the
Sprintscan45 and we can leave both devices on.

The Sprintscan 45 doesn't have a timed out feature and the light stays
on all the time. That's a bit of a problem because I like to leave this
system powered up all the time.

Generally, I'm very pleased with the system and use it often.

-Scott Walck

Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

Walck-at-PPG.com

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)


"The opinions expressed are those of Scott D. Walck and not of PPG
Industries, Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."





From: Walck. Scott D.
To: Micro
Subject: Polaroid Sprintscan 45 Negative Scanner-
Date: Wednesday, November 12, 1997 6:51PM



------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.


Does anyone know if a TEM negative carrier is available for the Polaroid
Sprintscan 45 Negative Scanner yet? Anyone having any experience with
the
carrier (if it exists) and this scanner, could you send me a little
message
on what you think of the system?

Thanks.

-Scott Walck

Walck-at-PPG.com

Scott D. Walck
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472


From: alline.myers
To: gls4590
Subject: Polaroid Sprintscan 45 Negative Scanner-TEM film carrier
Date: Thursday, November 13, 1997 11:09AM


Scott,

Hi. We have a Polaroid Sprintscan 45 that I use for scanning TEM
negatives.
It's a great scanner, and scans both high res. images and diffraction
patterns
well. We took the 2x2-inch negative adaptor, the film carrier, and a
TEM
negative to the shop at NIST and had them make an adaptor for us. It
works
fine. I don't think Polaroid has made an adaptor for TEM negtives yet.
Let
me know if you need more info.

As you can tell, I'm at NIST now and no longer working for Dr. Hren,
although I still do TEM on samples for him. I had heard you had changed
jobs a few months ago. How do you like Pittsburgh?

Alline Myers



Alline F. Myers
NIST, CSTL Ph.: (301) 975-2552
Bldg. 222, Rm. A113 Fax: (301) 417-1321
Gaithersburg, MD 20899 Email: alline.myers-at-nist.gov







From: alline.myers
To: Walck. Scott D.
Subject: RE: Polaroid Sprintscan 45 Negative Scanner-TEM film carrier
Date: Wednesday, November 19, 1997 12:23PM


}
} Do you ever have problems with optical density in terms of bright and
dark
} areas of the negative? How long does it take to do a TEM negative at
full
} resolution?

The optical density is 3.4 and so far I haven't had trouble with it ---
can
see
faint details in diffraction patterns. The problem comes when I print
to the
dye-sub printer; it can't reproduce everything I can see on the computer
screen.

I can scan a full B/W negative at 2000dpi in 2.5 minutes; this is around
a
40MB image. You need 2.5 times the image size free on your scratch disk
(in Photoshop) to scan an image. If I scanned the same negative at
4000dpi
(max. possible), it would be a 160 MB file!!! I haven't tried this,
mainly
do to space limitations on my computer. Usually I scan a 2-inch square
region of interest at 2000dpi, store that, then reduce the image to 400
dpi
for further work and to 150dpi to print.

So far I am very pleased with the scanner.

Hope this helps.

Alline


Alline F. Myers
NIST, CSTL Ph.: (301) 975-2552
Bldg. 222, Rm. A113 Fax: (301) 417-1321
Gaithersburg, MD 20899 Email: alline.myers-at-nist.gov







From: bozzola
To: Walck. Scott D.
Subject: Re: Polaroid Sprintscan 45 Negative Scanner-TEM film carrier?
Date: Thursday, November 13, 1997 7:53AM


} Does anyone know if a TEM negative carrier is available for the
Polaroid
} Sprintscan 45 Negative Scanner yet? Anyone having any experience with
the
} carrier (if it exists) and this scanner, could you send me a little
message
} on what you think of the system?

Hi Scott,

I have been evaluating one for almost a month now and I am moderately
pleased with it. It consists of a composite plastic frame with a single
pane of anti-Newton glass onto which you place the negs. They suggest
using
a sticky paper tape (as Post-It adhesive) to ensure non-movement of the
neg
during scanning. I was very dubious about this arrangement but it has
worked out surprizingly well. I feel that a "kit" should be provided
consisting of the main frame, the glass and several plastic or metal
inserts to act as negative carriers. That way, one could select the best
combination of components for glassless or conventional scanning.

I am very pleased with the SprintScan. The resolution is good, the
plug-in
software (Macintosh) works well in concert with PhotoShop and is simple
to
use. Although I bought the unit without ever trying it out (gulp!) I was
assured that I could return it if not satisfied. Well, we're going to
keep
it. I can not compare it to other scanners such as the Agfa but I feel
that
it is a fine piece of equipment and should serve us well. Although we
have
a Gatan camera on our TEM, the quality of the images are inadequate for
publication. So, we have opted to generate conventional negs and to
by-pass
the darkroom by scanning and then dye-sub printing the prints. We have
been
using the Fargo printer several years now but eagerly await delivery of
the
new Codonics 1660 printer which should be out towards the end of
December.
We ordered it nearly a year ago but it has been slow to materialize
since
it represents a new technology (direct thermal line printing) as well as
a
conventional dye sub unit. I hope the wait is worth it, because we have
had
to refer many people to Kinko's for the best quality prints.

Judy Murphy was thinking of buying one also. You might contact her at
either murphy-at-inreach.com OR murphy-at-ms.sjdccd.cc.ca.us

Contact me if you have more specific questions.

John


####################################################################
John J. Bozzola, Ph.D., Director
Center for Electron Microscopy
Neckers Building, Room 146 - B Wing
Southern Illinois University
Carbondale, IL 62901
U.S.A.
Phone: 618-453-3730
Fax: 618-453-2665
Email: bozzola-at-siu.edu
Web: http://www.siu.edu/departments/shops/cem.html
####################################################################




From: colin.veitch
To: gls4590
Subject: RE: Polaroid Sprintscan 45 Negative Scanner-TEM film carrier?
Date: Thursday, November 13, 1997 1:52PM


Hi Scott.

We purchased the 45 not long ago and have found it very good. The
holders that come with the system are almost the right size (for our
negs) and we haven't had to "modify" or build new ones yet. I imagine
that building the correct sized insert for the holder would not be too
difficult.

The plug-in interface to Adobe Photoshop (we are running it on a PC) is
good, with several different ways of altering scan characteristics ie
brightness contrast etc..

Scan times are good, less than a minute for a 35mm up to around 5
minutes for a full sized (6cmx9cm) neg at 4000 dpi.

We have had a couple of minor crashes of the system but these occurred
while the system was logged on to the network and scanning at the same
time. No net logon, no problem!!

We've been happy with the system so far, just be warned that if you are
going to scan large negs at high resolution you'll need lots of drive
space and RAM. We have 128Mb RAM and with a full colour large neg you
can notice a slow down in the system!!

I've no association with Polaroid or the agents in Australia, just a
happy customer!!

Good luck,

Colin V.


Colin J. Veitch
Instrumentation Scientist
CSIRO Division of Wool Technology
PO Box 21, BELMONT, Vic. 3216. Australia.

E-mail: colin.veitch-at-dwt.csiro.au

Tel: +61 (0) 3 5246 4000
Fax: +61 (0) 3 5246 4811



} Does anyone know if a TEM negative carrier is available for the
} Polaroid
} Sprintscan 45 Negative Scanner yet? Anyone having any experience with
} the
} carrier (if it exists) and this scanner, could you send me a little
} message
} on what you think of the system?
}
} Thanks.
}


From: Hendrik O. Colijn
To: Walck. Scott D.
Subject: Re: Polaroid Sprintscan 45 Negative Scanner-TEM film carrier?
Date: Thursday, November 13, 1997 8:28AM


Hi Scott,

I'm considering getting the SprintScan 45 too. Let me know what you
think.

Thanks,
Henk Colijn


}
} Does anyone know if a TEM negative carrier is available for the
Polaroid
} Sprintscan 45 Negative Scanner yet? Anyone having any experience with
the
} carrier (if it exists) and this scanner, could you send me a little
message
} on what you think of the system?
}
} Thanks.
}
} -Scott Walck
}
} Walck-at-PPG.com
}
} Scott D. Walck
} PPG Industries, Inc.
} Guys Run Rd. (packages)
} P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
} Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472
}
} (412) 820-8651 (office)
} (412) 820-8161 (fax)
}
}
} "The opinions expressed are those of S.D. Walck and not of PPG
Industries,
} Inc. nor of any PPG-associated companies."
}
Hendrik O. Colijn colijn.1-at-osu.edu
Campus Electron Optics Facility Ohio State University
(614) 292-0674
Murphy's Law: "If anything can go wrong, it will."
Commentary: "Murphy was an optimist."


From: Pauline C. Yu
To: Walck. Scott D.
Subject: Re: Polaroid Sprintscan 45 Negative Scanner-TEM film carrier?
Date: Thursday, November 13, 1997 8:41AM


I was just asked that very question the other day by my supervisor. We
just purchased a sprintscan 45 and have taken a long time to get it set
up. It came with a bunch of adapters(including a 2"x2.5" holder) but
none
in that special TEM size. I've considered just improvising a frame to
fit
into the 4x5 holder to hold the TEM negs; I also think I might be able
to
find someone who could just machine one for me. Maybe if enough people
request it, Polaroid will make one, or some enterprising EM supply
company
will create one...
As for the Scanner, it requires one of the newer SCSI boards, and a
really
up to the minute computer if you don't want to wait too long. We're
running it on a WinNT4 with dual processors, and it's hardly a
"sprint-y" scan. But as far as image quality goes, I've been rather
impressed. The color is rather off, so it does require color
management(though if you're doing just b/w TEM, it's nothing to worry
about). The driver is integrated into whatever photo-manipulation
program
you have(they expect you to have Photoshop, but it works with Corel
PhotoPaint and PhotoHouse too).

- - -- --- ----- -------- ------------- ---------------------
Pauline Yu
pyu-at-pw.usda.gov
Microscopy Technician
USDA-ARS-WRRC-CPUR




From: bozzola
To: Walck. Scott D.
Subject: Re: Polaroid Sprintscan 45 Negative Scanner-TEM film carrier?
Date: Friday, November 14, 1997 2:58AM



} Thank you very much for the info. This was just what I was looking
for.
} One question: when you ordered it, how did you get info about the TEM
} negative carrier? I see the SprintScan 45 advertised in a couple of
mail
} order catalogs and I'm sure they won't know what I'm talking about if I
call
} them.

What happened was:

When we received the SS 45 I quickly ascertained that a TEM carrier was
needed and so I called the technical support guys asking if one was
available. They didn't know what I was talking about and referred me to
several other admin types who finally told me that none was available. I
then asked if they would provide me with some of the components from the
4x5 carrier so I could have one fabricated and they flatly said no. End
of
discussion. Being a bit disturbed by this attitude, I posted a message
to
the MSA server complaining about this. About three weeks later I got a
call
from some VP at Polaroid who had just come from a round of golf with
Charles Garber of SPI. Charlie relayed my complaint to him with the
admonition that SPI might even sell the unit if it had a TEM carrier.
Anyway, the VP said that they would be "working on a solution". Right
....
I thought. Well, they actually did develop one and John Warren of
Polaroid
contacted me to see if I would evaluate one of the first designs (the
one I
described to you in the earlier note). I was supposed to return it quite
some time ago, but it has been in use and I hate to go back to using the
4x5 glassless carrier for the TEM negs. So, I am hoping they will leave
it
with me ....... .

Anyway, a unit is soon to be released and if you check with John Warren
at
WARRENJ1-at-CLIFFY.POLAROID.COM he may have more info on the availability.
Like I said, it works fine as is but with a few simple modifications it
will be great. I'll probably get in trouble for telling you about this
"prototype" but you can mention that it makes a difference in your
decision
to buy and maybe they will forgive my indiscretion.

Good luck.

John





From: WARRENJ1-at-cliffy.polaroid.com
Cc: microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
Subject: Re[2]: scientific image manipulation ...
Date: Thursday, March 19, 1998 10:36PM


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

I have had many conversations regarding digital imaging with a wide
variety of end users. The points made here have been validated in
those conversations. I thought that the point of view from law
enforcement might be of interest.

When a photographer or law enforcement agent testifies as to what
is
seen in a given image, they are attesting to the fact that the
image
is an accurate _representation_ of what they saw and photographed
at a
given point in time at a given location. Based on the perceived
reliability of the witness, a judge or jury determines whether that
testimony is accurate.

There has been much discussion in Law Enforcement circles about
digital watermarks and the like that would 'disappear' if an image
were manipulated. One well known digital camera manufacturer who
indicated that they had a proprietary file format that could not be
manipulated was corrected by a hacker. Given the right equipment
and
talent, an analog film image could be scanned in, manipulated and
output back to film and the best experts in imaging could not be
able
to tell and they will admit that. Someday, it may be possible, but
not
today. So, my point is that any image, digital or analog, is only
as
factual or accurate as the integrity of the person representing it
as
such.

John D. Warren
Area Sales Manager
Digital Products
Polaroid Corporation "See What
Develops"
4525 Leonard Parkway
Richmond, Virginia 23221-1809
804 254 1011
804 254 1013 Fax
warrenj1-at-polaroid.com


From: WARRENJ1
To: Microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com; Kevin Brent Smith
Subject: Re[4]: digital camera (PDC-2000: Tethered vs. Untethere
Date: Thursday, December 11, 1997 2:39PM



------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

The PDC 2000/40 has a new(45 days old) list price of $1699 and the
PDC/2000/60 has a list price of $1999. There has not been a price
reduction on the DMC as of yet.

John D. Warren
Area Sales Manager
Digital Products
Polaroid Corporation "See What Develops"
4525 Leonard Parkway
Richmond, Virginia 23221-1809
804 254 1011
804 254 1013 Fax
warrenj1-at-polaroid.com




______________________________ Reply Separator
_________________________________
Subject: RE: Re[2]: digital camera (PDC-2000: Tethered vs. Untethere
Author: Kevin Brent Smith
{kbsmit01%homer.louisville.EDU-at-prdnet.polaroid.com}
at INET
Date: 12/11/97 12:40 PM



------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Right, prices seem to be dropping. I recently visited one web site
advertising
the PDC-2000 for ~$2500 only to visit again a few weeks later to see it
reduced
to ~$1600. I haven't seen a comensurate price drop in the DMC 2000 but
that
is
probably because I haven't recieved a recent quote.
Kevin Brent Smith
University of Louisville Biology Dept.


-----Original Message-----
From: R-Brooks Corl [SMTP:CORLB-at-cliffy.polaroid.com]
Sent: Thursday, December 11, 1997 11:44 AM
To: Kevin Brent Smith; kszaruba-at-MMM.COM
Cc: Microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com; YONG SUN; CRAIG ARMSTRONG
Subject: Re[2]: digital camera (PDC-2000: Tethered vs.
Untethered)


For the record, the Polaroid PDC-2000 is available for use either
"tethered"
or
"untethered", the latter with onboard storage for 40 or 60 images
depending
on
the model. You will then need to connect to the computer to download
your
images, though. Price of the PDC-2000 is now under $2K for all models.

Hope this helps your information gathering process. For more, get back
to me
or
check www.polaroid.com

Brooks Corl
Senior Application Manager
POLAROID CORPORATION
corlb-at-polaroid.com



From: WARRENJ1-at-POLAROID.COM
To: Walck. Scott D.
Subject: Re: Sprintscan 45
Date: Wednesday, May 13, 1998 10:04PM

Scott

As I had indicated, our product development was working on this and
they have been promising it on a regularly basis. I forwarded your
message and it seems that they are still working on a glass
carrier.
however, they have a solution in the meantime. Here is a clip of
the
message I got yesterday.



} } Yes, I have some good news. I have a new TEM film holder in my
hands. This is a metal mask that fits into the 4x5 holder, just
like
the other masks. I have 9 to be exact and, for right now, they are
for emergency sales only. We are making out a plan to make more
and
the number depends on the amount you think you need.

I am sending one to John Bozzola, our first SprintScan 45 TEM
customer. He was very helpful with feedback. He said the glass
holder
was okay, but they preferred and open air solution because most of
their picture taking process avoids the use of glass completely.
He
sounded quite excited about this holder.

Again, this mask works like the others. It is placed into the 4x5
holder and a magnet is required. This mask is easier to use
because
it has knobs on two sides of the holder enabling the user to place
the
film more square into the holder. My only recommendation is to cut
one of the magnets in half; the long way, to use it properly.

This holder is not the glass holder we have been working on. The
glass holder is in the last stages, and we should see something in the
next
couple of weeks. { { {

Dennis Lizier may have contacted you about this as well but
if not he is
getting one of these to send to you.

Thanks for your patience and support.

John


______________________________ Reply Separator
_________________________________
Subject: Sprintscan 45
Author: "Walck. Scott D." {walck%ppg.COM-at-prdnet.polaroid.com} at INET
Date: 5.11.98 7:15 PM


John,
As you know, I bought the Sprintscan 45. You know that I had first
contact you
about this and had several inputs from the microscopy listserver. I
had a very
long delay in getting the thing to me and when it finally arrived, there
were
parts missing. You had me contact Dennis Lizier and he sent out the
standard
parts for the scanner (sans cable, but I already had one). However,
I told him
that you had said that the TEM negative carrier with the antireflection
glass
plates would also be sent to me. I haven't received it. I have left
several
messages with him about this, but I have not gotten a response or a call
back.
The original order went out in Jan. We have paid for the unit with the
good
faith that the carrier would be delivered. Am I going to receive the
negative
carrier? Can you please help me?
-Scott Walck

Scott D. Walck, Ph.D.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Guys Run Rd. (packages)
P.O. Box 11472 (letters)
Pittsburgh, PA 15238-0472

Walck-at-PPG.com

(412) 820-8651 (office)
(412) 820-8161 (fax)



----------
From: matthias.morgelin-at-medkem.lu.se
To: Microscopy-at-sparc5.microscopy.com
Subject: negative scanner
Date: Friday, June 26, 1998 5:05AM


------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html

-----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Hi everybody,

we want to buy a scanner which can be used for both 35 mm and 70 mm
EM
film as well as 81x100 mm plates, probably with different adapters
(?).
Software must be compatible with Windows 95/NT 4.0 (e.g Adobe,
Freehand...). The higher resolution the better (at least 1200 dpi),
the
cheaper the better, as usual. Any helpful comments or experience? -
would be highly appreciated. Thanks a lot,

Matthias





From: Smith, Peter :      smithp-at-agresearch.cri.nz
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 11:59:20 +1200
Subject: dissolving Brdu

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not understand
this format, some or all of this message may not be legible.

------ =_NextPart_000_01BDA41E.85D45060
Content-Type: text/plain

I'm required to inject some sheep at 2 hourly intervals with Brdu. Most
papers refer to a "magic" figure of 5mg/kg body weight, so per injection
I'll need 250mg of Brdu. We seem to have a few problems dissolving this
quantity of Brdu in a reasonable amount of saline (ie 20mls or less, in
20mls concentration would be 4mol/l). . Any thoughts on improving
solubility would be appreciated.

Regards Peter Smith
AgResearch Wallaceville
Upper Hutt
New Zealand

smithp-at-agresearch.cri.nz

------ =_NextPart_000_01BDA41E.85D45060
Content-Type: application/ms-tnef
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
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------ =_NextPart_000_01BDA41E.85D45060--




From: G. Macdonald :      glenmac-at-u.washington.edu
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 20:43:43 -0700 (PDT)
Subject: Re: dissolving Brdu

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

The highest concentration I've been able to acheive in .9% saline is 12
mg/ml. That will ppt. when refrigerated, but goes back into solution thwn
warmed and mixed. 10 mg/ml is the highest concentration that doesn't ppt.
in the cold, and it mixes more quickly than 12 mg/ml.

Regards,
Glen


On Tue, 30 Jun 1998, Smith, Peter wrote:

} I'm required to inject some sheep at 2 hourly intervals with Brdu. Most
} papers refer to a "magic" figure of 5mg/kg body weight, so per injection
} I'll need 250mg of Brdu. We seem to have a few problems dissolving this
} quantity of Brdu in a reasonable amount of saline (ie 20mls or less, in
} 20mls concentration would be 4mol/l). . Any thoughts on improving
} solubility would be appreciated.
}
} Regards Peter Smith
} AgResearch Wallaceville
} Upper Hutt
} New Zealand
}
} smithp-at-agresearch.cri.nz
}





From: geos-at-goldrush.com
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 23:10:31 -0700
Subject: Re: flat gold substrate

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Contact Molecular Imaging at www.molec.com

George



____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
George Sibbald, President
Molecular Imaging Corporation; AFM Technology Leaders for
Environmental / In Vitro AFM
9830A South 51st Street, Suite A124
Phoenix, AZ 85044, USA
Phone(602)753-4311, Fax(602)753-4312
http://www.molec.com/




From: geos-at-goldrush.com
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 23:13:28 -0700
Subject: Digital Micrograph

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone know of the list server for DM?

George




From: Doug Keene :      DRK-at-shcc.org
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 1998 13:33:43 -0700 (Pacific Daylight Time)
Subject: primary with no secondary?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Doug,

In my opinion you should think of:
* the system contains free prim antibodies (prim Ab's which have
detached from the antigen, or excess prim Ab's which have not been
removed be a washing step). The free prim Ab's react with the GAM
preventing the GAM to bind with the antigen-IgG-complex.
* steric hindrance by a connective tissue component preventing the
binding of the GAM to the prim. IgG.
* presence of an other reagent for the prim. IgG's in the system
binding first and occupying the binding sites for the GAM
* incubation conditions which denature (conformational changes) the
prim IgG


Check:
* confirm the binding of the prim Ab's
* incubate the prim Ab's and the GAM to interact with each other in an
other incubation environment
* perform the reaction using an other batch of GAM

Good Luck,

Marcel



------- Forwarded Message Follows -------


Dear Microscopists:

I am in a mild state of confusion regarding an immuno-EM
experiment where it seems that the secondary antibody (GAM
5 nm) does not recognize the primary (mouse IgG) once the
primary is bound to its corresponding antigen in tissue.
We expect that the antigen is present with periodicity on
fibrils in the connective tissue matrix. After the tissue
is emersed in antibody, we see periodic decoration of the
fibrils, which indicates to us that the antibody is bound.
However, secondary antibody does not bind to the tissue. We
are convinced that the secondary conjugate is not
defective, as we use it for other experiments. Has anyone
else experienced a situation where a secondary does not
recognize a primary once the primary is bound to its
corresponding antigen?

Many thanks for your consideration,

Doug
----------------------
Douglas R. Keene
Associate Investigator
Shriners Hospital Microscopy Unit
Portland, Oregon 97201
DRK-at-shcc.org





From: Ron Doole :      ron.doole-at-materials.oxford.ac.uk
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 10:36:15 +0100 (BST)
Subject: Re: Filament image vibration

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

On Mon, 29 Jun 1998, Roseann Csencsits wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Has anyone ever observed anything similar to this:????If so how did you
} fix it???
}
} I have a filament image vibration in one direction at 30-60hz in a JEOL
} 4000. It is very subtle. I have observed this for 3 years but the
} amplitude has increased such that we would like to pin down the source
} and correct it.
}
} Since initially observing the problem we have had a gun change, several
} filament changes, the high voltage tank worked on so I do not see these
} as probable causes. Also I do not think these would give a one
} direction effect. The magnetic fields of computers, monitors, and step
} motors do not seem to have any effect on the filament image vibration.
}
} I am thinking that the deflector circuits would be most suspect. Usual
} tests on the power supplies look good.
} Any ideas would be appreciated.
} --
Hi Roseann,

Do you know where in the microscope the deflection is coming from?
Is it in the same direction as one of the defectors (this can be checked)?
Where is it in the column? The direction will change, due to the rotation
of the lens, if it is above any lens you change. This can be used to
locate the position of the instability in the column. I assume that the
image is stable so it must be the gun or condensers. Any clue as to where
to look will help.

One of our 4000s has an occasional problem that may be associated.
Someone around here uses equipment that generates a field which seems to
be picked up by the objective stigmator coils (or more likely the
amplifier circuits). This affects one 4000 but not the other which is
sited in the next room, I wonder if different amplifier circuits may be
sensitive to particular frequencies. Have you got any field measuring
system? If so can you match the frequency of the deflection to the
frequency of an external field, even if it is within specification?
Naturally by the time we get round to looking for the cause the
equipment has been switched off, but if your problem is constant then you
might have a chance.

Good luck
Ron
===========================================================================
Mr. Ron Doole e-mail ron.doole-at-materials.ox.ac.uk
Department of Materials, phone +44 (0) 1865 273701
University of Oxford, fax +44 (0) 1865 283333
Parks Road.
Oxford. OX1 3PH. UK.
============================================================================





From: Henrik Kaker :      henrik.kaker-at-guest.arnes.si
Date: Wed, 01 Jul 1998 00:24:50 +0200
Subject: Re: Digital Micrograph

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

--------------5FA2B5113BEBDB70591C5AA1
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

As I know there is no such list server.

Henrik

geos-at-goldrush.com wrote:

}
}
} Does anyone know of the list server for DM?
}
} George



--------------5FA2B5113BEBDB70591C5AA1
Content-Description: Card for Henrik Kaker
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="vcard.vcf"
Content-Type: text/x-vcard; charset="us-ascii"; name="vcard.vcf"

begin: vcard
fn: Henrik Kaker
n: Kaker;Henrik
org: SEM-EDS Laboratory, Metal Ravne d.o.o.
email;internet: henrik.kaker-at-guest.arnes.si
title: M.Sc.
x-mozilla-cpt: ;0
x-mozilla-html: FALSE
version: 2.1
end: vcard


--------------5FA2B5113BEBDB70591C5AA1--




From: Glenn M. Larkin :      gmlarkin-at-mtu.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 07:51:15 -0400
Subject: Thank you

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Microscopists,

I want to take this time to thank everyone who responded to my recent
question regarding preparation of wood composite samples for optical and
electro-optic microscopy. It appears that the most viable suggestion is to
use cryosectioning -- an option that I intend to vigorously pursue. Your
help is appreciated.

Yours truly,

Glenn M. Larkin





From: Silvia Modina :      Silvia.Modina-at-unimi.it
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 07:03:15 -0500
Subject: Basement membran antibodies

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear all,
I am working on goat mammary gland involution.
My problem is to find specific antibodies for Collagen IV, Collagenase IV,
Upa and other costituents of basement membran, cross-reacting with goat
tissues
Could anyone help me?
Thank you
Silvia

Silvia Modina, PhD
Institute of Anatomy of Domestic Animals
Laboratory of Embryology and Animal Reproduction
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
University of Milan
Via Trentacoste, 2
20134 Milano, Italy
Phone: (+39) 2 21.54.036
Fax: (+39) 2 21.40.745
E-mail: silvia.modina-at-unimi.it






From: Ian MacLaren :      I.MacLaren-at-BHAM.AC.UK
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 13:18:41 +0100
Subject: Re: Digital Micrograph

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

At 12:24 am +0200 1/7/98, Henrik Kaker wrote:
} As I know there is no such list server.
}
} Henrik
}
} geos-at-goldrush.com wrote:
}
} }
} }
} } Does anyone know of the list server for DM?
} }
} } George

As far as I remember, Digital Micrograph is a Gatan product. Why don't you
look up Gatan at http://www.gatan.com/

Hope this helps

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Ian MacLaren, Tel: (44) (0) 121 414 3447
IRC in Materials for FAX: (44) (0) 121 414 3441
High Performance Applications, email: I.MacLaren-at-bham.ac.uk
The University of Birmingham, http://web.bham.ac.uk/I.MacLaren/
Birmingham B15 2TT,
England.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++






From: Henrik Kaker :      henrik.kaker-at-guest.arnes.si
Date: Wed, 01 Jul 1998 02:48:57 +0200
Subject: Re: Digital Micrograph

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear All,

Very sorry for my mistake (attachment).


Henrik Kaker

--
Henrik Kaker
SEM-EDS Laboratory
Metal Ravne d.o.o.
Koroska c. 14
2390 Ravne
Slovenia
Tel: +386-602-21-131
Fax: +386-602-20-436
SEM-EDS Lab
http://www2.arnes.si/guest/sgszmera1/index.html
MVD Database
http://www.kaker.com/mvd/vendors.html
Kaker.Com
http://www.kaker.com




From: Winnie Westbrook :      ewwestbr-at-hsc.vcu.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 09:23:08 -0700
Subject: Re: POSITION AVAILABLE

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Winnie Westbrook wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Please post this position description.
}
} #03171-Lab Specialist Senior - CISAT
} Assists in all aspects of procedures required for the prepapration of
} tissue for immunohistochemical analysis (whole mounts as well as
} sections), fluorescent and light microscopy, transmission and/or
} scanning electron microscopy. Competitive candidates must possess
} knowledge of techniques for immunological staining, sectioning, mounting
} tissue, evaluating sections and taking and developing publicaiton
} quality photomicrographs. Applicant must possess demonstrated ability
} to operate: ultramicrotome, vibratome, cryostat, and other TEM/SEM
} equipment. Applicant will be responsible for maintenance of specimen
} records, chemical supplies, reagents, etc in the histological laboratory
} and for independently modifying lab procedures to obtain optimal
} results. Interpretation of findings and ability to direct the work of
} others also necessary. Four year degree in Biology or related field
} supplemented by post-graduate experience in microbiology and/or
} neuroscience preferred. Salary range: $24,337-37,995.
}
} Send resume and all correspondence to:
}
} Brenda M. Ryals, Ph.D
} Professor
} Communication Sciences and Disorders
} James Madison University
} Harrisonburg, VA 22807
} ryalsbm-at-jmu.edu

To All Who Applied:

All applications are being reviewed. The posting is now closed.

Thanks




From: Jan L.M. Leunissen :      leunissen-at-aurion.nl
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 16:09:40 +0200
Subject: Re: primary with no secondary?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Doug,

Are you certain that the primary can actually be recognized by the
secondary, I mean do they match?
You could use a dot spot test to see if they do (described in our
Newsletter nr. 4).
If the primary is recognized by the GAM-5 in such a test, you may have
steric hindrance in your specimen. In that case using smaller particles may
solve the problem. You could check for this by using GAM-FITC or the like.

Good luck,
Jan

=============================
Jan Leunissen, Ph.D.
AURION ImmunoGold Reagents & Accessories
Managing Director
Costerweg 5, 6702 AA Wageningen
The Netherlands

phone (31)-317-497676
fax (31)-317-415955
e-mail: leunissen-at-aurion.nl

please visit us at the AURION Website: http://www.aurion.nl/






From: Geoff McAuliffe :      mcauliff-at-UMDNJ.EDU
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 09:18:24 -0700
Subject: Re: dissolving Brdu

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Smith, Peter wrote:
}
} I'm required to inject some sheep at 2 hourly intervals with Brdu. Most
} papers refer to a "magic" figure of 5mg/kg body weight, so per injection I'll need 250mg of Brdu. We seem to have a few problems dissolving this quantity of Brdu in a reasonable amount of saline (ie 20mls or less, in 20mls concentration would be 4mol/l). . Any thoughts on improving solubility would be appreciated.
}
} Regards Peter Smith
} AgResearch Wallaceville
} Upper Hutt
} New Zealand
}
} smithp-at-agresearch.cri.nz


Peter:

I dissolve 5 mg/ml Brdu without any problem in 0.9% saline containing
0.007N sodium hydroxide. I warm it in my hand for a few minutes.
However, this concentration seems to be lower than what you are aiming
for.

Geoff
--
***************************************************************
Geoff McAuliffe, Ph.D.
Neuroscience and Cell Biology
Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
675 Hoes Lane Piscataway, NJ 08854
voice: (732)-235-4583; fax -4029 e-mail: mcauliff-at-umdnj.edu
***************************************************************




From: C. John Runions :      cjr14-at-cornell.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 10:32:13 -0400
Subject: Re: resin vs parafin microtome sectioning (LM)

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Melany, your asking a lot here. There are so many considerations and
variables to discuss in the paraffin vs. plastic question. Both techniques
require a great deal of time for proper infiltration of plant tissues so
that is not a factor. Ultimately, sections of tissue embedded in plastic
(resin) have the potential to look better (ie. be thinner and allow better
resolution if fixed properly). Paraffin is the way to go if you have a
large project requiring survey type sections of hundreds of flowers or very
large block faces as can be the case in a flower development study.
'Fairly' hard tissues can be sectioned in paraffin if the proper softening
protocol is followed however palm fruits might be tricky in later stages.

I usually prefer to embed in plastic. There is no reason to use 'resin'
(e.g. Spurr's (I don't recommend Epon for plant tissue BTW)) unless you are
going to be doing TEM work. Some plastics like JB-4 (I think it's a
methacrylate?) are easier to use, are less toxic and can be sectioned in
much larger block faces at incredible thickness i.e. } 10 micrometers if you
so desire. I have had good results lately sectioning JB-4 embedded flowers
down to 1 micrometer thick with an Olympus rotary microtome. This requires
however that you can equip your microtome with a glass knife holder. I
have tried steel and tungsten knives with plastic and resin embedded tissue
with no great success. If you already have a paraffin set-up you will find
that most of it isn't used in the plastic embedding protocol and there will
be a initial expense for plastic embedding accessories. Also, sectioning
of 'hard' tissue may in fact be more difficult after embedding in plastic
or at any rate wouldn't be too much easier. Woody tissues are usually a
problem for the anatomist and the problem is probably best solved by
treatment to soften the tissue prior to embedding in any media.

A few studies of parrafin embedded tissue have been published lately but
their numbers are in decline. Some journals and reviewers seem to prefer
the higher quality of sections/micrographs that are possible after plastic
embedding. Ask yourself these questions as a guideline:

1) How many blocks to be sectioned? 10-100 plastic, } 100 paraffin.

2) Can a glass knife holder be obtained for the Spencer 820 or do you have
access to an ultramicrotome? The glass knife limits the block face size to
around 1/4 inch wide although see the recent discussion of Ralf Knife
making techniques.

3) Can you afford the dollars required to convert to plastic? A example
list of supplies that are different from the paraffin procedure would
include: glutaraldehyde, buffer chemicals, vacuum pump and dessicator for
infiltration, plastic embedding kit, polymerization trays and blocks for
JB-4, glass knives and holder for microtome, and lots of sundry items.

Finally, the protocols for plastic and resin embedding are published in
many places. Find any good book on plant microtechnique. The ones I
always recommend are:

O'Brien, T.P. and McCully, M.E. (1981) The study of plant structure:
principles and selected methods. Termarcarphi Pty. Ltd. Melbourne,
Australia.ISBN 0 9594174 0 0.

Berlyn, G.P. and J.P. Miksche (1976) Botanical microtechnique and
cytochemistry. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa. ISBN 8138 0220 2

Good luck and write to me if you have other questions, John


} I am preparing to make microscope slides of palm flowers and fruits.
} Some of the fruits are quite woody as are many of the developmental
} stages of the flowers. I had planned to use the old parafin method of
} microtome preparation but I have been advised to consider resin. My
} funds and resources are limited, but the resin method seems to have more
} advantages.
}
} Questions:
} 1. Can I use a manual rotary Spencer 820 American Optical Corp Microtome
} on resin samples?
}
} 2. What are the drawbacks to using the resin method?
}
} 3. What are the drawbacks to using the parafin method
} (toxicity/results/time)?
}
} Thanks in advance for any and all responces. Please reply to my email:
} crow-at-aloha.net
}
} Best wishes,
}
} mattie


________________________
C. John Runions, Ph.D.
Section of Ecology and Systematics
Corson Hall
Cornell University
Ithaca, New York
USA 14853

email cjr14-at-cornell.edu
phone (607) 254-4282
Fax (607) 255-8088






From: Tseng-Ming (Alex) Chou :      tchou-at-stevens-tech.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 10:25:23 -0400
Subject: Re: Digital Micrograph

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Please visit the following web site;

http://www.public.asu.edu/~perkes/DMSUG.html

Alex

geos-at-goldrush.com wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Does anyone know of the list server for DM?
}
} George




From: frank.sarrazit-at-avestasheffield.com
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 15:25:07 +0000
Subject: IMQUANT Software...

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Has anyone got some tutorials for this Image software. The manual is=20
too complicated...
=20
F.




From: beth-at-dogwood.botany.uga.edu (Beth Richardson)
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 10:50:30 -0500
Subject: gatan - DM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

}
} Does anyone know of the list server for DM?
}
} George

Gatan has a web site http://www.gatan.com
Under Software they list help at software-at-gatan.com
I didn't see any mention of a listserver.

beth

**************************************
Beth Richardson
EM Lab Coordinator
Botany Department
University of Georgia
Athens, GA 30602

Phone - (706) 542-1790
FAX - (706) 542-1805
Email - beth-at-dogwood.botany.uga.edu
**************************************






From: G.T.Oostergetel-at-chem.rug.nl (Gert Oostergetel)
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 16:54:40 +0200
Subject: Re: Digital Micrograph

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

} As I know there is no such list server.
}
} Henrik
}
} geos-at-goldrush.com wrote:
}
} }
} }
} } Does anyone know of the list server for DM?
} }
} } George

A listserver for users of the DM Scripting Language does exist.
Check http://www.public.asu.edu/~perkes/DMSUG.html for details.

Gert

====================================================================
Dr. Gert Oostergetel Phone: +31 50 363 4223
Biophysical Chemistry Fax: +31 50 363 4800
University of Groningen
Nijenborgh 4 E-mail: oostergetel-at-chem.rug.nl
NL-9747 AG Groningen
The Netherlands
====================================================================






From: Jose Maria Manero :      manero-at-cmem.upc.es
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 16:43:32 +0200
Subject: Observation of cell cultures in ESEM

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

High,
I'am studing osteoclasts cells culture "in vitro" on dentine slides in
an Environmental Scanning Electron (Electrosan 2020).
Is there anybody who has been working on this subject ?
I need some recomendations (kV, Working distance, Pv H2O), or litaracy
on this subject, because I didn't find anything.
Thank you very much.






From: Lucille A. Giannuzzi :      lag-at-pegasus.cc.ucf.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 14:03:40 -0400
Subject: SF6 upgrades for JEOL TEMs

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Dear all,
does anyone know of a graphics package that can take several separate
digital image files and montage them on a single page ready for printing?

Thanks,


Mark Munro


From Microscopy-request-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com Tue Jun 30 16:16:15 1998
Return-Path: Microscopy-request-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
Received: (from daemon-at-localhost) by Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (8.6.11/8.6.11) id NAA22529 for dist-Microscopy; Tue, 30 Jun 1998 13:03:31 -0500
Received: from Pegasus.cc.ucf.edu (Pegasus.cc.ucf.edu [132.170.240.30]) by Sparc5.Microscopy.Com (8.6.11/8.6.11) with ESMTP id NAA22523 for {microscopy-at-Sparc5.Microscopy.Com} ; Tue, 30 Jun 1998 13:03:03 -0500
Received: from port14.3a.tserver.ucf.edu ([132.170.24.144]:2048 "EHLO [132.170.24.144]" ident: "NO-IDENT-SERVICE") by pegasus.cc.ucf.edu with ESMTP id {20503-14402} ; Tue, 30 Jun 1998 13:59:54 -0400
Message-Id: {l03130303b1bed89d6d25-at-[132.170.24.144]}
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

There is no need to switch from Freon to SF6. We were able to get 84 lbs
of Freon for ~$1000. Freon is readily available if you can show that you
are not using it as a refrigerant.

*******************************************************************
Lucille A. Giannuzzi, Ph.D.

Associate Professor, Dept. of Mechanical, Materials, and Aerospace Eng.,
University of Central Florida,
PO Box 162450, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Orlando, FL 32816-2450 USA
phone (407) 823-5770 fax (407) 823-0208 email lag-at-pegasus.cc.ucf.edu

Director, UCF/Cirent Materials Characterization Facility, 12443 Research
Parkway, Suite 305
Orlando, FL 32826 phone (407) 275-4354,5,6 fax (407) 275-4321
--------------------------------------------------------------------
"Good judgement comes from experience.

Experience comes from making bad judgement."

Mark Twain
********************************************************************






From: Lucille A. Giannuzzi :      lag-at-pegasus.cc.ucf.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 14:03:40 -0400
Subject: SF6 upgrades for JEOL TEMs

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

There is no need to switch from Freon to SF6. We were able to get 84 lbs
of Freon for ~$1000. Freon is readily available if you can show that you
are not using it as a refrigerant.

*******************************************************************
Lucille A. Giannuzzi, Ph.D.

Associate Professor, Dept. of Mechanical, Materials, and Aerospace Eng.,
University of Central Florida,
PO Box 162450, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Orlando, FL 32816-2450 USA
phone (407) 823-5770 fax (407) 823-0208 email lag-at-pegasus.cc.ucf.edu

Director, UCF/Cirent Materials Characterization Facility, 12443 Research
Parkway, Suite 305
Orlando, FL 32826 phone (407) 275-4354,5,6 fax (407) 275-4321
--------------------------------------------------------------------
"Good judgement comes from experience.

Experience comes from making bad judgement."

Mark Twain
********************************************************************






From: edelmare-at-casmail.muohio.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 14:32:49 -0500
Subject: LBK 2078 Instructions anyone?

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hello, everyone. Last week I asked for information about breaking glass Histo knives,
and we are following up on the "freehand method(s)" recommended, but we have also been
VERY fortunate enough to receive an LKB 2078 Histo Knife Maker as well!

Small problem: we do not have any instructions for the LKB 2078, and after having
trashed a bunch of glass trying to 'figure it out' (obviously unsuccessfully), does
anyone have a set of insturctions they could share with us? A fax would be great, or
if you remember your own instructions a step wise summary (its doesn't look that
complicated) would also be great.

Thanks!



Richard E. Edelmann, Ph.D.
Electron Microscopy Facility Supervisor
352 Pearson Hall
Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056
Ph: 513.529.5712 Fax: 513.529.4243
E-mail: edelmare-at-muohio.edu

"WE ARE MICROSOFT.
RESISTANCE IS FUTILE.
YOU WILL BE ASSIMILATED."




From: Mary Mager :      mager-at-interchg.ubc.ca
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 11:43:13 -0700
Subject: Re: Filament image vibration

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Dear Roeseann,
I have seen something similar in my 200 kV Hitachi. It went away when I did
a thorough cleaning of the upper accelerator rings. A tiny bit of charging
something was causing the rapid deflection of the filament. I never saw the
speck that did it, but after the cleaning hte filament was steady.
You wrote:

}
} Has anyone ever observed anything similar to this:????If so how did you
} fix it???
}
} I have a filament image vibration in one direction at 30-60hz in a JEOL
} 4000. It is very subtle. I have observed this for 3 years but the
} amplitude has increased such that we would like to pin down the source
} and correct it.
}
} Since initially observing the problem we have had a gun change, several
} filament changes, the high voltage tank worked on so I do not see these
} as probable causes. Also I do not think these would give a one
} direction effect. The magnetic fields of computers, monitors, and step
} motors do not seem to have any effect on the filament image vibration.
}
} I am thinking that the deflector circuits would be most suspect. Usual
} tests on the power supplies look good.
} Any ideas would be appreciated.
} --
} Dr. Roseann Csencsits

Regards,
Mary

Mary Mager
Electron Microscopist
Metals and Materials Engineering
University of British Columbia
6350 Stores Road
Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4
CANADA
tel: 604-822-5648
fax: 604-822-3619
e-mail: mager-at-interchange.ubc.ca





From: V.K.Mankotia :      radicalcanada-at-sprint.ca
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 16:28:06 -0400
Subject: INTRODUCTION

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0001_01BDA444.10460E80
Content-Type: text/plain;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

RADICAL ENTERPRISES
3100 Ridgeway Drive, Unit 21
Mississauga, Ontario
Canada L5L 5M5
Tel: 905 569 0166
Fax: 905 569 1667
e-mail: radicalcanada-at-sprint.ca

Attention: General Manager

Dear Sir,

In response to the positive feed back from the dealers of Radical quality
products in more then twenty countries. We have decided to open an office in
Canada in order to offer wide range of Microscopes, Projectors, OHPs,
Educational Laboratory Equipment and Accessories, to North America.

Recognize with various awards for growth and quality in International market
at a very competitive prices, we also design and supply custom-built optical
system or accessory for any specific need.

I look forward to hearing from you, for any further details on
catalogue/pricelist or demonstration of our products.

With thanks and best regards,
Truly Yours,

V.K.Mankotia(Vic)
(Marketing Executive)








------=_NextPart_000_0001_01BDA444.10460E80
Content-Type: application/ms-tnef;
name="winmail.dat"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: attachment;
filename="winmail.dat"
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------=_NextPart_000_0001_01BDA444.10460E80--





From: Robert Underwood :      underwoo-at-u.washington.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 14:49:50 -0700 (PDT)
Subject: Re: Montage function

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Hi, I use IP Lab Spectrum to montage micrographs
togather. It's a commercial software from Scanalytics.
I have used Photoshop but it's slower.

Bob Underwood
Derm Imageing Center
U of Wash.


On Tue, 30 Jun 1998 mark_munro-at-bio-rad.com wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
}
} Dear all,
} does anyone know of a graphics package that can take several separate
} digital image files and montage them on a single page ready for printing?
}
} Thanks,
}
}
} Mark Munro
}
}





From: Tracey Pepper :      tpepper-at-iastate.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 14:38:41 -0500
Subject: nucleoli

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Anybody working on nucleoli?

My research subject are sterile anthers of soyabean. I am mostly doing
transmission electron micrographs, and am mostly interested in the tapetum
cells during meiosis stages. While I was looking around in the tapetum I
came across a nucleolus from which small discreet amounts of some material
seemed to emerge (emerge rather then enter, because of the shape of the
material).
The material seemingly coming out of the nucleolus resembled cloud puff
balls or smoke signals from a chimney. Has anybody ever seen such thing
and/or knows even what it is???? mRNA, protein, else?

Tracey M. Pepper
1 Bessey Hall
Bessey Microscopy Facility
Iowa State University
Ames, IA 50011
Phone: 515.294.3872
FAX: 515.294.1337
email: tpepper-at-iastate.edu




From: Tracey Pepper :      tpepper-at-iastate.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 12:56:31 -0500
Subject: plant nucleolus question

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

I posted this question for a graduate student currently working in my
facility. Any input on this one??

Anybody working on nucleoli?

My research subject are sterile anthers of soyabean. I am mostly doing
transmission electron micrographs, and am mostly interested in the tapetum
cells during meiosis stages. While I was looking around in the tapetum I
came across a nucleolus from which small discreet amounts of some material
seemed to emerge (emerge rather then enter, because of the shape of the
material).
The material seemingly coming out of the nucleolus resembled cloud puff
balls or smoke signals from a chimney. Has anybody ever seen such thing
and/or knows even what it is???? mRNA, protein, else?

Tracey M. Pepper
1 Bessey Hall
Bessey Microscopy Facility
Iowa State University
Ames, IA 50011
Phone: 515.294.3872
FAX: 515.294.1337
email: tpepper-at-iastate.edu




From: LouAnn Miller :      lamiller-at-uiuc.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 15:22:36 -0600
Subject: CSMS/MIKMAS May Microsocpy Meeting Pictures On Line

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Pictures of the May 1998 meeting are on the CSMS Home Page web Site:

http://www.cvm.uiuc.edu/HomePages/LouAnnMiller/CSMS/csms.html


If you have a PC, you may have to download the quicktime plug-in, it is
free and the address is under the web slide show at the address above.

Lou Ann
********************************
Lou Ann Miller
Service Supervisor

Rm 1108 VMBSBld.
College of Veterinary Medicine
Veterinary Biosciences
2001 S. Lincoln Ave
Urbana, IL 61802

Phone: 217-244-1567
Fax: 217-244-1652

Web Pages:

Lab Page
http://www.cvm.uiuc.edu/MicImagLab/MicImagLab.html

Centeral States Microscopy Page
http://www.cvm.uiuc.edu/HomePages/LouAnnMiller/CSMS/csms.html

Personal Home Page
http://www.cvm.uiuc.edu/HomePages/LouAnnMiller/LAM.html




From: Sara Miller :      saram-at-acpub.duke.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 13:06:00 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Basement membran antibodies

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Linscott's Directory of Immunological and Biological Reagents. ISBN:
0-9604920-4-6 Phone 707 544-9555.

Sara E. Miller, Ph. D.
P. O. Box 3020
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, NC 27710
Ph: 919 684-3452
FAX: 919 684-8735





From: Ronnie Houston :      rhh1-at-airmail.net
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 14:57:35 -0700
Subject: Re: Basement membran antibodies

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Silvia Modina wrote:
}
} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
} Dear all,
} I am working on goat mammary gland involution.
} My problem is to find specific antibodies for Collagen IV, Collagenase IV,
} Upa and other costituents of basement membran, cross-reacting with goat
} tissues
} Could anyone help me?
} Thank you
} Silvia
}
} Silvia Modina, PhD
} Institute of Anatomy of Domestic Animals
} Laboratory of Embryology and Animal Reproduction
} Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
} University of Milan
} Via Trentacoste, 2
} 20134 Milano, Italy
} Phone: (+39) 2 21.54.036
} Fax: (+39) 2 21.40.745
} E-mail: silvia.modina-at-unimi.it


Try the Devlopmental Studies Hybridoma Bank at
http://www.uiowa.edu/~dshbwww or speak with Karen Jensen (319) 335 3826.
She is extremely knowledgeable and helpful.

Ronnie Houston
Cytochemistry & Molecular Pathology
Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children
2222 Welborn Street
Dallas, TX 75219




From: geos-at-goldrush.com
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 17:12:53 -0700
Subject: List server for Digital Micrograph

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Thank you'll

I have located the DM list server at

http://www.public.asu.edu/~perkes/DMSUG.html

George






____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
George Sibbald, President
Molecular Imaging Corporation; AFM Technology Leaders for
Environmental / In Vitro AFM
9830A South 51st Street, Suite A124
Phoenix, AZ 85044, USA
Phone(602)753-4311, Fax(602)753-4312
http://www.molec.com/




From: Patty Jansma :      plj-at-manduca.neurobio.arizona.edu
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 18:42:56 -0600 (MDT)
Subject: Re: Montage function

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


Compix software can montage the images to a vertical or
horizontal strip or a best fit rectangle.

Patty Jansma Tel:520-621-6671
plj-at-manduca.neurobio.arizona.edu
Arizona Research Labs Division of Neurobiology
University of Arizona

On Tue, 30 Jun 1998 mark_munro-at-bio-rad.com wrote:

} ------------------------------------------------------------------------
} The Microscopy ListServer -- Sponsor: The Microscopy Society of America
} To Subscribe/Unsubscribe -- Send Email to ListServer-at-MSA.Microscopy.Com
} On-Line Help http://www.msa.microscopy.com/MicroscopyListserver/FAQ.html
} -----------------------------------------------------------------------.
}
}
} Dear all,
} does anyone know of a graphics package that can take several separate
} digital image files and montage them on a single page ready for printing?
}
} Thanks,
}
}
} Mark Munro
}





From: george-at-molec.com
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 17:57:14 -0700
Subject: Scanning Probe Image Post Processing

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Does anyone use Digital Micrograph Image Post Processing for SPM?








From: george-at-molec.com
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 17:58:04 -0700
Subject: Bio-AFM Industrial Post Doc Job

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Bio-AFM applications scientist positions available:

1- San Francisco Bay Area

2- Purdue area

3- Princeton area

See http://molec.com/jobs/postdoc.html



____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
George Sibbald, President
Molecular Imaging Corporation; AFM Technology Leaders for
Environmental / In Vitro AFM
9830A South 51st Street, Suite A124
Phoenix, AZ 85044, USA
Phone(602)753-4311, Fax(602)753-4312
http://www.molec.com/




From: geos-at-ceonet.com
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 18:07:55 -0700
Subject: Bio-AFM Industrial Post Doc Job

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Bio-AFM applications scientist positions available:

1- San Francisco Bay Area

2- Purdue area

3- Princeton area

See http://molec.com/jobs/postdoc.html



____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
George Sibbald, President
Molecular Imaging Corporation; AFM Technology Leaders for
Environmental / In Vitro AFM
9830A South 51st Street, Suite A124
Phoenix, AZ 85044, USA
Phone(602)753-4311, Fax(602)753-4312
http://www.molec.com/




From: Goodhouse, Joseph :      jgoodhouse-at-molbio.Princeton.EDU
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 17:09:54 -0400
Subject: Re: primary antibody no secondary

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html

Doug Keene wrote,

Dear Microscopists:

I am in a mild state of confusion regarding an immuno-EM
experiment where it seems that the secondary antibody (GAM
5 nm) does not recognize the primary (mouse IgG) once the
primary is bound to its corresponding antigen in tissue.
We expect that the antigen is present with periodicity on
fibrils in the connective tissue matrix. After the tissue
is emersed in antibody, we see periodic decoration of the
fibrils, which indicates to us that the antibody is bound.
However, secondary antibody does not bind to the tissue. We
are convinced that the secondary conjugate is not
defective, as we use it for other experiments. Has anyone
else experienced a situation where a secondary does not
recognize a primary once the primary is bound to its
corresponding antigen?

The problem is not that the secondary does not recognize your
primary. It is the fact that colloidal gold reagents can't penetrate
into tissues or cells. The gold particles are too large. These
reagents are used for labeling surfaces of sections. If you want to use
a gold conjugate for whole or thick tissues sections, prior to
embedding, you have to use a nanogold reagent, not colloidal gold.

What do you mean that, "After the tissue is emersed in
antibody, we see periodic decoration of the fibrils. How do you
visualize this?

Joseph Goodhouse
Confocal / EM Core Lab Manager
Department of Molecular Biology
Princeton University
jgoodhose-at-molbio.princeton.edu
609-258-5432
Info and Images at
http://www.molbio.princeton.edu/confocal/CF-EM-HOME.html






From: cUhfRhC4a-at-team71.ur
Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 17:09:54 -0400
Subject: Re: primary antibody no secondary

Contents Retrieved from Microscopy Listserver Archives
http://www.microscopylistserver.com/MicroscopyListserver/MicroscopyArchives.html


World Oil's Fourth International Forum and Exhibition on
Exploration and Production Management
Aug 31-Sept 2, 1998, Marriott Westside Hotel
Houston Texas.

World Oil is proud to announce the fourth forum
that offers E&P managers an overview of the latest
technology available in providing data management
solutions.

Today's E&P managers are being confronted with
the challenge to gain control of the constantly
expanding volumes of E&P information. To stay
competitive, cost-effective and timely E&P
decisions are necessary. This means accessing the
large amounts of data inherent in today's projects
and providing that data to your geo-scientists in
an efficient and effective manner.

Key features of our 1998 "Forum" program:

*Year 2000 compliance issues and solutions
*Real-life case histories
*Timely solutions produced with existing data
management and software applications
*Successful cooperation between operating
companies and service organizations
*Outsourcing alternatives to reduce fixed cost and
allow E&P personnel on finding/producing oil and
gas *Determining when older technology
should be replaced with new approaches
*Deciding how to implement new technology and
produce early results
*Defining the role of the decision-making manager
in information management activities
*Maintaining the flow of information over the life
span of an E&P asset
*Utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to
access and use E&P data

For more information contact Mel Ladin at
1-800-231-6275 or (713) 520-4445. You may also
visit our Website for the most current information
and register on-line: www.gulfpub.com



To be removed from our data base, type remove and reply to betsy_74-at-hotmail.com or call 904-771-9410.




MicroscopyListserver Archive Email Extraction Software Version NJZ07060908

Return to Microscopy Listserver Home Page


Return to MSA HomePage